VDLKSWAGENGRDUP

Groupstandard

VW91102Issue2024-04

Class.No.:97000,97410

Descriptors:environmentalstandard,recyclabilityrate,recycling,recyclingrequirements,useofrecycledmaterial,vehicle

EnvironmentalStandardforVehicles

val

RecyclingRequirements,UseofRecycledMaterial,RecyclabilityTypeAppro-

Preface

ThepurposeoftheEnvironmentalStandardforVehiclesistoprovideinstructionswithregardtotheenvironmentalcompatibilityofvehicles,inorderto:

–Obtainthe

recyclabilityrate

systemapprovalinthetypeapproval

–Reducetheamountofwastetobedisposedofandthepollutantloadtothelevelsrequiredbylaw

–Conserveenergyandmaterialresourcesandtoincreasetheproportionof

recycledmaterials

inthevehicle

–Fulfilllegalrequirementsforbatterieswithregardtorecyclinganduseofrecycledmaterials

TherequirementsofDirective2000/53/EC

[1]

andUnitedNations(UN)RegulationUNR133

[2]

arelimitedtovehicleclasses

M1

and

N1

.

Thisdescriptionofthescopeofapplicationdoesnotexempttheuserofthisstandardfromtheobli-gationtoinformthemselvesofadditionallawsoutsidetheEU,country-specificlegislationwithintheEU,andthenationalimplementationsoftheEUDirectivesspecifiedinthisstandard,norfromtheobligationtoimplementthemasrequiredforthetargetmarketsfortherelevantvehiclesandtheircomponents.

Standardsdonotlimittheapplicabilityoflegalregulationsinanywaywhatsoever.Beforestand-ardsareapplied,allapplicablelegalregulationsmustbecheckedandtheircurrentlyvalidversionsapplied.

Theenvironmentalgoalsandspecificationsofthebrandsmustalwaysbeimplemented.

Previousissues

VW91102:1994-02,1996-03,2002-09,2007-02,2012-03,2017-02,2018-01,2022-02

Changes

ThefollowingchangeshavebeenmadetoVW91102:2022-02:

a)Standardcompletelyrevised

Alwaysusethelatestversionofthisstandard.

Thiselectronicallygeneratedstandardisauthenticandvalidwithoutsignature.

Noteontheverbsofobligationwithintherequirementssentences:Both'shall'and'must'aredefinedasbinding.

Page1of9

Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisdocumentmaybeprovidedtothirdpartiesorreproducedwithoutthepriorconsent

ofoneoftheVolkswagenGroup’sStandardsdepartments.|internal

?VolkswagenAG

VWNORM-2023-12

Page2

VW91102:2024-04

Contents

Page

1

Scope

2

2

Definitions

2

3

Abbreviations

3

4

Requirements

4

4.1

Vehiclerate

recyclabilityandmaterialdocumentation

4

4.2

Materialsrestrictions

4

4.3

Removalrequirements

4

4.4

Designeconomy

forcircular

5

4.5

Recovery

strategies

6

4.6

Markingobligations

6

4.7

Use

ofrecycledmaterial

7

4.8

Componentsnotnew

consideredreusablewhenmanufacturingvehicles

7

4.9

Reportingcomponents

obligationsforelectronic

7

4.10

ObligationspursuanttoRegulation(EU)

2023/1542

8

5

Applicable

documents

8

6

Bibliography

9

1Scope

TherequirementsofVolkswagenstandardVW91102relatetovehiclesandpartsmanufacturedintheVolkswagenGroupwithregardto:

–VehicledesignthatissuitableforrecoverypurposessoastocomplywithDirective2000/53/EC

[1]

–Thereusability,

recyclabilityrate

,and

recoverability

ofmotorvehiclesintheframeworkofthetypeapprovalasperUNRegulationUNR133

[2]

–Allmaterialsandsubstancesusedinthevehicle,invehicleparts,andpowertrains

–Fuels,coolants,fluids,andlubricantsusedduringtheuse,repair,andmaintenanceoftheve-hicle

–ThebanontheuseofusedpartsinnewvehiclesasperUNRegulationUNR133

[2]

–Theregistration,marking,reporting,returnacceptance,andrecyclingobligationsasadistrib-utorof

electrical/electronicequipment

thatresultfromDirective2012/19/EC

[3]

–Theregistration,marking,reporting,returnacceptance,andrecyclingobligationsasadistrib-utorof

batteries

thatresultfromRegulation(EU)2023/1542

[4]

anditsnationalimplementa-tions.

Requirementsfromcomparablelegislationinothermarkets(e.g.,China,India,Korea)mustalsobeadheredtoiftheydeviatefromtherequirementscitedhere.

2

B-releaseBattery

Definitions

ProcurementreleaseintheProductEmergenceProcess(PEP)

PursuanttoRegulation(EU)2023/1542

[4]

:"Anydevicedeliveringelectricalenergygeneratedbydirectconversionofchemicalenergy,havinginternalorexternalstorage,andconsistingofoneormorenon-rechargeableorre-chargeablebatterycells,modulesorofpacksofthem,andincludesabat-terythathasbeensubjecttopreparationforre-use,preparationforrepur-posing,repurposingorremanufacturing"

Page3VW91102:2024-04

ElectricalandelectronicequipmentPursuanttoDirective2012/19/EC

[3]

:"Equipmentwhichis

dependentonelectriccurrentsorelectromagneticfieldsinordertowork

properlyandequipmentforthegeneration,transferandmeasurementof

suchcurrentsandfieldsanddesignedforusewithavoltageratingnotex-ceeding1000voltsforalternatingcurrentand1500voltsfordirectcurrent"

End-of-lifevehicle

Vehiclesthataredeemedwasteinthesenseofarticle3,paragraph1ofDi-rective2008/98/EC

[5]

Energyrecovery

PursuanttoDirective2000/53/EC

[1]

:"Theuseofcombustiblewasteasameanstogenerateenergythroughdirectincinerationwithorwithoutotherwastebutwithrecoveryoftheheat"

Pollutantelimination

Removalofpartsorcomponentsandfluidsthatcontainpollutants

Portablebatteries

PursuanttoRegulation(EU)2023/1542

[4]

:"A

battery

thatissealed,

weighs5kgorless,isnotdesignedspecificallyforindustrialuseandisnei-theranelectricvehiclebattery,anLMTbattery,noranSLIbattery"

Re-use

PursuanttoDirective2000/53/EC

[1]

:"Anyoperationbywhichcomponentsofend-of-lifevehiclesareusedforthesamepurposeforwhichtheywereconceived"

Recoverability

Pursuantto

ISO22628

:"Abilityofcomponentparts,materialsorboththatcanbedivertedfromanend-of-lifestreamtoberecovered"

Recovery

Pursuantto

ISO22628

:"Reprocessinginaproductionprocessofthewastematerialsfortheoriginalpurposeorforotherpurposes,togetherwithpro-cessingasameansofgeneratingenergy"(?energyrecovery“)

Recyclabilityrate

Pursuantto

ISO22628

:"Percentagebymass(massfractioninpercent)ofthenewvehiclepotentiallyabletoberecycled,reusedorboth"

Recycledmaterial

Secondaryrawmaterialsthatareproducedbyrecoveryofwastematerialsbeforeuse(productionwaste)orafteruse(see

ISO14021

)

Recycling

Pursuantto

ISO22628

:"Reprocessinginaproductionprocessofthewastematerialsfortheoriginalpurposeorforotherpurposes,excludingprocess-ingasameansofgeneratingenergy"(?energyrecovery“)

VehicleclassM1

Vehiclesfortransportingpassengersthathaveamaximumofeightseatsasidefromthedriverseat

VehicleclassN1

Vehiclesfortransportinggoodsthathaveamaximumweightofupto3,5metrictons

3

ABS

ASSY

CFRP

EOP

EOS

IMDS

KVS

MISS

PA6

PA66

PE

PET

PP

Abbreviations

Acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene

Assembly

Carbon-fiber-reinforcedplastic

EndofProduction

EndofService

InternationalMaterialDataSystem(internet-basedsystemusedtoentermaterialdata)

EngineeringDataManagementSystem

MaterialInformationSheetSystem(Volkswagenintranet-basedsystemforenteringandevaluatingmaterialdata)

Polyamide6

Polyamide66

Polyethylene

Polyethyleneterephtalate

Polypropylene

Page4

VW91102:2024-04

PUR

Polyurethane

PVC

Polyvinylchloride

SOP

StartofProduction

TLD

TechnicalGuidelineforDocumentation

4

Requirements

4.1

Vehiclerecyclabilityrateandmaterialdocumentation

PursuanttoRegulationUNR133

[2]

,withintheoveralltypeapproval,itmustbeverifiedinthe

re-

cyclabilityrate

typeapprovalthatvehiclesofclasses

M1

and

N1

weremanufacturedsuchthat,us-ingthecalculationmethodasper

ISO22628

,they

a)Arereusableand/orrecyclableatarateofatleast85wt%and

b)Arereusableand/orrecoverableatarateofatleast95wt%

Inordertobeabletodeterminetheserates,massesandmaterialspecificationsforallcomponentsmustbeenteredintothesystemsby

B-release

(see

VW99000,?Materialrequirements“section

).

4.2Materialsrestrictions

PursuanttoDirective2000/53/EC,article4,paragraph2

[1]

,vehiclematerialsandcomponents

mustnotcontainanylead,mercury,cadmium,orhexavalentchromium,exceptforthecasesspeci-fiedinAnnexIIoftheDirective.

SpecificcomponentsmustbemarkedasperAnnexIIandremovedduringthevehiclerecoveryprocess.Thesecomponentsmustbeeasytoremove.

AnnexIIofDirective2000/53/EC

[1]

isrevisedonaregularbasissoastoconformtoscientificandtechnicaladvances.Thelatestversionmustalwaysbeusedforthisreason.

Batteriesmustfulfilltherequirementsasperarticle6,paragraph1oftheRegulation(EU)

2023/1542

[4]

.

Otherbannedmaterialsormaterialssubjecttodeclarationcanbefoundin

VW91101

.

4.3Removalrequirements

PursuanttoAnnexIandAnnexIIofDirective2000/53/EC

[1]

,allfuels,coolants,fluids,andlubri-cantsandcertaincomponents/assembliesmustberemovedduringthevehiclerecoveryprocessforthepurposeofpollutantelimination.

Thepertinentcomponents/assembliesmustbeeasytoremove.Moreover,itmustbepossibletoeasilyremove

portablebatteries

,aswellasallfuels,coolants,fluids,andlubricants,fromcompo-nents.Havingtousemultipleremovaltoolsforthesamecomponentormodulemustbeavoided.PursuanttoAnnexIoftheaforementionedDirective,thefollowingpartsmustberemovedduringthevehiclerecoveryprocess:

–

Batteries

(appliestoall

batteries

inthevehicleanditscomponents)andLP-gastanks

–Potentiallyexplosivecomponents(e.g.,airbags,seatbeltpretensioners,pyrotechnicalhigh-voltagebatterydisconnectunit).Asanalternativetoremoval,thesecomponentsmaybeneu-tralized.

–Catalyticconverters

Page5VW91102:2024-04

–Metalcomponentscontainingcopper,aluminum,ormagnesium,ifthesemetalsarenotsepa-ratedduringshredding

–Tiresandlargeplasticcomponents(bumpers,dashboards,fluidcontainers,etc.)ifthere-spectivematerialsarenotseparatedduringshreddinginsuchawaythattheycanberecy-cledasrawmaterials

–Glass,ifitisnotseparatedandrecycleddownstreamofshredding

PursuantAnnexIoftheaforementionedDirective,thefollowingfluidsmustberemovedduringthevehiclerecoveryprocess:

–Fuel,engineoil,power-transmittingfluid,transmissionfluid,hydraulicfluid,coolant,antifreezeagents,brakefluid,airconditioningsystemfluids,andanyotherfluidsin

end-of-lifevehicles

mustberemovedandseparatelycollectedandstoredunlessthefluidsarerequiredinorderto

re-use

therespectivecomponents.

Theremovaloffuels,coolants,fluids,andlubricantsmustbeconsideredwhendesigningpartsandcomponentsthatcarrythem.Inordertominimizeremainingfluidvolumesandtheresourcesre-

quiredinordertohandlefluids,thefollowingmeasuresmustbetaken:

–Drainagecapabilities(drainplugs,tappingpoints,orthelike)mustbepositionedatthelowestpointofthepartifpossible,orseveraltappingpointsmustbedefined.

–Drainingoptionsmustbeaccessiblewithlittleeffort.

–Pointsforpuncturingthecomponentmustbemarkedonthecomponent.

ThepartsmarkedasperthelatestversionofAnnexIIoftheaforementionedDirectivemustbere-movedasperthepertinentspecificationsinthenationalimplementations.

4.4Designforcirculareconomy

Thesemeasuresareintendedtoimprovematerialsseparationduring/aftershreddingandhence

recyclabilityrate

,especiallyofplasticsfromshreddedmaterial.

1.Basicinformation

–Avoidinginseparablecompositematerials/materialcompositions

–Promotingtheuseofdetachablemechanicalconnections

–Promotingtheuseofrecycling-compatiblematerials

–Reducingthematerialstoaselectednumberofmono-materialsasfaraspossible,inordertofacilitateeconomicalsortingaftershredding

2.Recommendationofspecificmaterials

–Useofthermoplasticsandthermoplasticelastomersinsteadofhard-to-recyclethermosetplasticsorelastomers

–Replacing

PUR

semi-rigidfoamwith,e.g.,

PET

or

PE

nonwoven

–Promotingtheuseofthemostcommonpolymers:

–

PP

–Filled

PP

(upto20%,fillersusedin

ASSYs

mustbeuniform,e.g.,eitherglassfiberortalc)

–

PET

–

PA66

and

PA6

–

ABS

Page6

VW91102:2024-04

–Inthecaseofcompositematerials/materialcompositions,theuseofcompatiblematerialsthatcanberecycledtogethermustbepromoted.Furtherinformationonthetopicisavailablein

theguideline(seenote).

–Avoidingmulti-layerlaminatedfilms/materialsthatarenotsingle-typematerialsandnotcom-patible/separable(e.g.,headlinersandsoft-touchmaterialsasinarmrestsanddoorwaist

rails).Filmsmustbemadeofthesamepolymerasthesubstrateplasticwhereverpossible

–Avoiding

PVC

–Avoiding

CFRP

inseriesproductionoflargescaleifitisnotnecessarytouseitbasedonstructural/technologicalreasons

–Avoidingpaintedorelectroplatedmaterials

–Avoidingdyeingplasticsinthenon-visiblearea,iftechnicallyfeasible

–Avoidingbiodegradableplastics,asthesecanpollutethermoplasticpolymersduringrecyclingNOTE:AguidelinecontainingamoredetailedexplanationisavailableunderthefollowinglinkintheB2Bportalinthe?Environmentsection/VW91102Recycling“:

VW91102Recycling:Design-

for-RecyclingGuideline

[6]

4.5Recoverystrategies

Onrequestbythepartowner,arecoverystrategymustbepresentedformaterialsorpartsforwhichnoestablishedrecoverymethodsexistornoinformationonpossiblerecoverymethodsisavailable.

Arecoverystrategyisrequired,e.g.,for:

–Newmaterialorpartstrategies(e.g.,permanentmagnetsindrivemotors,fuelcells)

–Useof

CFRP

–Useofrenewablerawmaterialssuchashempfiber

Notesonhowtopreparearecoverystrategycanbefoundin

Supplement

VW91102,3.

4.6Markingobligations

GiventhelegalrequirementthatcomponentsandmaterialsmustbemarkedasperDirective

2003/138/EC

[7]

andAnnexVofRegulationUNR133

[2]

,allcomponentsmadeofpolymersorelastomers(thermoplastics/thermosetplastics>100gandelastomers/thermoplasticelastomers>200g),includingtextiles,musthavematerialmarkingsasfollows:

–Polymersasper

ISO11469

inreversedangledbracketscontainingthecodesasper

ISO1043-1

and

ISO1043-2

–Elastomerswithcodesasper

ISO1629

,writteninreversedangledbracketsasper

ISO11469

IfASSYs–suchasseats,doortrimpanels,dashboards–compriseindividualpartsthatareper-manentlyattachedtooneanotherandthematerialsmarkingsoftheseindividualpartsarenolon-gervisibleafterinstallation,thentheASSYsmustbemarkedwiththematerialspecificationsoftheseindividualparts.

FortheChinesemarket,infuture,polymerandelastomerpartsmustalsobemarkedforplasticiz-ersasper

ISO1043-3

andflameretardantsasper

ISO1043-4

.Itisrecommendedthatallparts(newdevelopmentsandonacountry-independentbasis)bemarkedaccordingtothesespecifica-tions.

ElectroniccomponentsthatfallwithinthescopeofDirective2012/19/EC

[3]

musthavethelegallyrequiredmarking(

VW10500

).

Page7VW91102:2024-04

Batteries

must,e.g.,asperRegulation(EU)2023/1542

[4]

aswellas

DINEN

61429and

SAEJ2936

bemarkedwiththecrossed-outtrashcansymbol,theinternationalrecyclingsymbol(ISO7000-1135asper

ISO7000

),andthechemicalsymbol.FurthermarkingrequirementsmustbefulfilledaspertheRegulation(EU)2023/1542

[4]

(

VW10500

).

Additionalcountry-specificrequirementsformarkingofbatteries,parts,andmaterialsmustbead-heredtofortherespectivetargetmarkets.

4.7Useofrecycledmaterial

Legalregulationsfortheuseofrecycledmaterialsinparts/vehiclesmustbefulfilled(e.g.,article8inRegulation(EU)2023/1542

[4]

).

Thecontractormustfavortheuseofrecycledmaterialsormaterialswithrecycledmaterialcontentiftechnicallysuitable.

Theuseofrecycledmaterials,includingtypeandquantityinformation,mustbedocumentedin

IMDS

/

MISS

under"Ingredients"(?Recycledmaterial“category).Therecycledmaterialcontentmustbebasedonthematerialasawhole(e.g.,polymerwithfiller:

PP

-GF30cancontainamaximumof70%

recycledmaterial

iftheglassfiberisnewmaterial).

Thefollowingareprerequisitesfortheuseofrecycledmaterial:

–Adherencetothecorrespondingcomponent-andmaterial-relatedqualityspecifications

–Sufficientavailabilityforseriesproduction(

SOP

to

EOP

or

EOS

)

–Ensuringmaterialconformityasper

VW91101

Theuseofrecycledmaterialforsafety-relevant(mandatory

TLD

)componentsrequirestheappro-valofboththeappropriateDevelopmentdepartmentandMaterialsEngineering.

Noteonthermoplastics:Definitionsandusenotesasper

VW50026

4.8Componentsconsiderednotreusablewhenmanufacturingnewvehicles

PursuanttoRegulationUNR133

[2]

,partsofvehiclesofclasses

M1

and

N1

subjecttotypeappro-valmustnotbereusedinthemanufactureofnewvehicles.

Thisappliestothefollowingcomponents:

–Allairbagunitsincludingairbags,pyrotechnicactuators,electroniccontrolunits,andsensors;steeringwheelswithairbag

–Automaticandnon-automaticseatbeltsystems,includingwebbing,buckles,seatbeltpreten-sioners,pyrotechnicactuators

–Seats(onlyincaseswhereseatbeltanchoragesand/orairbagsareincorporatedintheseat)

–Steeringlockassembliesactingonthesteeringcolumn

–Immobilizers,includingtranspondersandelectroniccontrolunits

–Exhaustgastreatmentsystems(e.g.,catalyticconverters,particulatefilters)

–Mufflers.

4.9Reportingobligationsforelectroniccomponents

Companiesthat

marketelectricalandelectronicequipmentareobligated,

asperDirective

2012/19/EC

[3]

,tomark,register,report,andtakebackthequantitiesofelectricalandelectroniccomponentsmarketed.Datafromthe

KVS

isusedfortheannualreport.

Page8

VW91102:2024-04

Thus,thecontractormustcheckandindicatewhethertheDirectiveisapplicabletothecompo-

nents.ThepartownermustindicateallcomponentstowhichtheDirectiveappliesusingaselec-tionfieldinthe

KVS

andmarkthemwiththecrossed-outtrashcansymbolbytheB-releaseatthelatest.Themarkingobligationisdescribedin

VW10500

.

4.10

ObligationspursuanttoRegulation(EU)2023/1542

ThecontractormustmakesurethatitisfamiliarwithandadherestotheobligationsimposeduponitasperRegulation(EU)2023/1542

[4]

ifthesupplyproductcontainsabattery.Thisincludesin

particularanyregistrationobligationsasamanufacturerpursuanttoarticle55oftheregulationinoneormoreEUcountries,butmaycomprisemanyotherobligationsdependingonthesupplier'srole.

Thepartownerisobligatedtodeclareallcomponentsthatcontainportablebatteriesinthe

KVS

,byusingthecorrespondingselectionfield,bytheB-releaseatthelatest.

5Applicabledocuments

Thefollowingdocumentscitedinthestandardarerequiredfortheapplicationofthisstandard:

SomeoftheciteddocumentsaretranslationsfromtheGermanoriginal.ThetranslationsofGer-mantermsinsuchdocumentsmaydifferfromthoseusedinthisstandard,resultinginterminologi-calinconsistency.

StandardswhosetitlesaregiveninGermanmaybeavailableonlyinGerman.Editionsinotherlanguagesmaybeavailablefromtheinstitutionissuingthestandard.

VW10500

CompanyDesignation,MarkingofParts;GuidelinesforUse

VW50026

GranularMaterialforComponentsMadeFromThermoplasticsandTher-

moplasticElastomers;Classificationand