2025學(xué)年(上)期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高一英語注意事項(xiàng)考生在答題前請認(rèn)真閱讀本注意事項(xiàng)及各題答題要求：1.本試卷包括選擇題和非選擇題兩部分?？忌痤}全部答在答題紙上，答在本試卷上無效。本次考試時間為120分鐘，滿分150分。考試結(jié)束后，請將答題紙交監(jiān)考老師。2.答題前，請務(wù)必將自己的姓名、學(xué)校、班級、座位號用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置，智學(xué)號與考試證號無需填寫，請把條形碼粘貼到答題卡相應(yīng)位置。3.答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆把答題紙上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答非選擇題必須用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆寫在答題紙上的指定位置，在其它位置答題一律無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Hisbag.B.Adesk.C.Hiswallet.2.Wheredidthemanjustreturnfrom?A.Germany.B.Japan.C.England.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandrink?A.Tea.B.Water.C.Coffee.4.Whousuallydeliversthewoman'spackage?A.Owen.B.Bill.C.Geoff.5.Whatwillthewomandotomorrowmorning?A.Visitacollege.B.Meethercustomer.C.Attendaparty.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abirthdaytrip.B.AHalloweenparty.C.Atouristattraction.7.Howoldistheman?A.22.B.28.C.29.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Formerco-workers.9.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Takeatrip.B.Visitfriends.C.Havelunchtogether.10.Whenwillthespeakersmeetagain?A.OnFriday.B.OnSunday.C.OnSaturday.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheman'sjob?A.Anengineer.B.Ashipworker.C.Agovernmentofficial.12.Howlonghasthemanhadthisposition?A.5years.B.10years.C.20years.13.Whatisthemostimportantforthebridge'ssuccess?A.Teamwork.B.Enoughmoney.C.Goodenvironment.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inthewoman'shome.15.WhichcountryisGinoprobablyfrom?A.Italy.B.Ireland.C.TheUK.16.WhatwillGinoprobablydonext?A.Eatsomepizza.B.Explaindifferentkindsofpizza.C.Teacheveryonehowtomakepizza.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Businessmenandwomen.B.Localhighschoolstudents.C.Internationalcollegestudents.18.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutthegroup?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Confident.19.Whatisthespeaker'sfavoritepartofthecountry?A.Itsmanygreatcities.B.Itsinterestinghistory.C.Itstransportationsystem.20.Whenwillthespeakerleavethearea?A.Infourdays.B.Infourhours.C.Intwoweeks.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ACommonwealthShortStoryPrize2024The2024CommonwealthShortStoryPrizeisnowclosedforentries(參賽作品)andthejudgingprocessisunderway.Theshortlistandtheregional(地區(qū)的)winnerswillbeannouncedinJanuary2025,andtheoverallwinnernextmonth.Wewouldliketothankthe7,359writerswhomailed8,000+shortstories.Thisyear’sjudgingteamJenniferNansubugaMakumbi(Chair)JenniferNansubugaMakumbiwroteTheFirstWoman(2020),whichin2021wontheJhalakPrize.KeletsoMopai(Judge,AfricaRegion)KeletsoMopaiisaSouthAfricanwriterandscientist.OThiamChin(Judge,AsiaRegion)OThiamChinisashortstorywriterandscreenwriterfromSingapore.ShashiBhat(Judge,CanadaandEuropeRegion)ShashiBhatistheeditor-in-chiefofEVENTmagazineandteachescreativewritingatDouglasCollege.MelissaLucashenko(Judge,PacificRegion)MelissaLucashenkohaswonaWalkleyAwardforherwriting.RichardGeorges(Judge,Caribbean(加勒比海的)Region)RichardGeorgesisawriterofshortstoriesandthreecollectionsofpoetry.PrizesTheregionalwinnersreceive￡2,500andtheoverallwinnerreceivesatotalof￡5,000.Thewinningstoriesarepublishedonlinebygrantaandinaspecialprintcollection.Theshortlistedstoriesarepublishedinadda,theonlinemagazineoftheCommonwealthFoundation.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheCommonwealthShortStoryPrize2024?A.ItwillbeheldinSingapore. B.Itwillsaynotoregionalwriters.C.Over8,000entriesarebeingjudged. D.Thesigningupprocesshasnotstarted.2.WhoisthejudgeforcompetitorsinIndia?A.ShashiBhat. B.OThiamChin.C.KeletsoMopai. D.MelissaLucashenko.3.Whatwillthewinnersget?A.Acashprizeof￡2,500. B.Amedalgivenbyadda.C.Abookwrittenbythechair. D.Achancetobeapublishedwriter.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2024年聯(lián)邦短篇小說獎的一些情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Wewouldliketothankthe7,359writerswhomailed8,000+shortstories.(我們要感謝7359位作家，他們郵寄了8000多篇短篇小說)”可知，關(guān)于2024年聯(lián)邦短篇小說獎，超過8000個參賽作品正在接受評審。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OThiamChin(Judge,AsiaRegion)(OThiamChin（亞洲區(qū)評委）)”可知，OThiamChin是印度參賽選手的評委。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theregionalwinnersreceive￡2,500andtheoverallwinnerreceivesatotalof￡5,000.Thewinningstoriesarepublishedonlinebygrantaandinaspecialprintcollection.Theshortlistedstoriesarepublishedinadda,theonlinemagazineoftheCommonwealthFoundation.(地區(qū)冠軍將獲得2500英鎊獎金，總冠軍將獲得5000英鎊獎金。獲獎故事由《格蘭塔》在線出版，并在一個特別的印刷集中出版。入圍的故事發(fā)表在英聯(lián)邦基金會的在線雜志adda上)”可知，獲勝者會得到成為出版作家的機(jī)會。故選D。BForWinnieHarlowofToronto,Canada,herunusualskinconditioncausedherunlimitedsadnessfromthekidsshegrewupwith.Winniewasdiagnosed(診斷)withvitiligo(白瘢風(fēng))whenshewasjustfouryearsold.Beingdislikedreallyworriedherandaftershewasforcedtochangeschoolsseveraltimes,sheeventuallydroppedoutofhighschool.EverythingstartedtochangeforWinniewhenAmericansupermodelandTVpersonalityTyraBanksdiscoveredheronInstagram.TyrainstantlyrecognizedWinnie’smodelqualities.What’smore,shewasabletoseewhatallthosechildhoodclassmatescouldnot—Winnie’suniqueskincoloursetherapartinagoodway.TyraaskedWinnietobecomethefirstCanadiancompetitoron“America’sNextTopModel.”TheshowbuiltupWinnie’sconfidenceandshegrewmorecomfortablewithherdifferentlook.“Youjustmightnotbeawareofthatuniquenessifyou’retoobusybeingself-critical.Ihadtorelearnhowtolovemyselfbyforgettingtheopinionsofeveryoneelseandfocusingonmyopinionofmyself,”Winniesaid.Today,youcanfindWinnieperformingontherunwayatLondonFashionWeek,showingconfidencefromheadtotoe,andonthepagesofthetopfashionmagazines.She’salsoapublicspeaker.Sheadvocatesallthatmakespeopleunique,inspiringotherstorecognizethatbeautycomesinallshapes,sizes,andcolors.Whatshesaidinaninterviewreflectedherpsychology.“Iffate(命運(yùn))wantedmetobeblack,I’dbeblack.Iffatewantedmetobewhite,I’dbewhite.Butfatechosemetobebothandoriginal.SoIguessthat’sthewayI’msupposedtobe.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutWinnie’searlylife?A.Herfamilymovedacoupleoftimes.B.Shewasunfairlytreatedbyherclassmates.C.Herhealthissuesoftenkeptherawayfromschool.D.Shewenttohospitalforthefirsttimeattheageoffour.5.WhatroledidTyraBanksplayinWinnie’scareer?A.SheintroducedWinnietofashiondesign. B.SheprovidedWinniewithmedicaltreatment.C.SheencouragedWinnietobecomeaTVhost. D.ShediscoveredWinnie’spotentialasamodel.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“advocates”meaninparagraph4?A.Looksinto. B.Standsupfor.C.Arguesagainst. D.Throwsdoubton.7.WhatadvicewouldWinniegivetopeoplewhoareanxiousaboutbeingdifferent?A.Hidetheirdifferences. B.Acceptthemselvesastheyare.C.Trytobecomeamodel. D.Changeopinionsfromothers.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了患有白癜風(fēng)的WinnieHarlow是如何成為模特以及對于美的看法?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Beingdislikedreallyworriedherandaftershewasforcedtochangeschoolsseveraltimes,sheeventuallydroppedoutofhighschool.(不受歡迎真的讓她很擔(dān)心，在被迫轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)幾次后，她最終從高中輟學(xué)了)”可知，溫妮早期受到了同學(xué)們的不公平對待。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TyrainstantlyrecognizedWinnie’smodelqualities.What’smore,shewasabletoseewhatallthosechildhoodclassmatescouldnot—Winnie’suniqueskincoloursetherapartinagoodway.(泰拉立刻認(rèn)出了溫妮的模特氣質(zhì)。更重要的是，她能夠看到所有童年同學(xué)都看不到的東西——溫妮獨(dú)特的膚色使她在一個很好的方面與眾不同)”可知，泰拉·班克斯發(fā)現(xiàn)了溫妮作為模特的潛力。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Today,youcanfindWinnieperformingontherunwayatLondonFashionWeek,showingconfidencefromheadtotoe,andonthepagesofthetopfashionmagazines.She’salsoapublicspeaker.(今天，你可以看到溫妮在倫敦時裝周的t臺上表演，從頭到腳展示自信，登上頂級時尚雜志的頁面。她也是一位公眾演說家)”和后文“makespeopleunique,inspiringotherstorecognizethatbeautycomesinallshapes,sizes,andcolors(讓人與眾不同的事物，鼓勵別人認(rèn)識到美麗來自各種形狀、大小和顏色)”可知，溫妮鼓勵別人認(rèn)識到美麗來自各種形狀、大小和顏色，說明作為公眾演說家她支持讓人們與眾不同的事物。故劃線詞意思是“支持”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Youjustmightnotbeawareofthatuniquenessifyou’retoobusybeingself-critical.Ihadtorelearnhowtolovemyselfbyforgettingtheopinionsofeveryoneelseandfocusingonmyopinionofmyself,”Winniesaid.(“如果你太忙于自我批評，你可能不會意識到自己的獨(dú)特性。我必須重新學(xué)習(xí)如何愛自己，忘記別人的看法，專注于我對自己的看法，”溫妮說)”可知，溫妮建議那些擔(dān)心自己與眾不同的人接受本來的自己。故選B。CYouhearasongwhileyouread.Youhearitwhileyou’retakingatest.Youevenhearitwhileyou’retryingtogotosleep.Youcan’tmakeitstop,andit’sdrivingyoucrazy!Hasthishappenedtoyou?Maybeyouhavesufferedfromanearworm,amemoryofasong!Earwormiscommonandthereareafewtheories(理論)behindit.Thebrainisverysensitivetomusic,accordingtoneurologistOliverSacks,whosaysmusicaffectsuswhetherwepayattentiontoitornot.Sackswondersifthereareearwormstodaybecausewe’resurroundedbymusicallthetimeinoureverydaylives.ResearchontheauditorycortexsupportsSacks’sideas.Theauditorycortexisthepartofthebrainthatdealswithsound.It’sashort-termstoragesystemforsmallamountsofauditory(sound)information.Someofthisauditoryinformationisforgotten,andsomeofitgoesintolong-termmemory.However,songsappeartostayintheauditorycortexforalongtime.JamesKellaris(“Dr.Earworm,”assomepeoplecallhim)isaprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofCincinnati.Hethinksthatonlycertaintypesofsongsbecomeearworms.Thesesongshavecertaincharacteristicsthatothersongsdonot.Thecharacteristicsarerepetitiveness,simplicity,andincongruity.Yourbrainpaysalotofattentiontoasongwhicharerepetitive,simpleandincongruous—somethingunexpectedsuchasuneven(不均勻的)beats,Kellarissays.Becauseofthis,asongwhichisrepeatedandunusualstayslongerintheauditorycortex.Nowonder,advertisersoftenusejingles—shortsongsthatareeasytoremembertopromotesales.Isthereanywaytogetridofanearworm?HerearesometipsKellariscollected:Replacetheearwormsongwithanothersong,trytodistractyourselfbydoinganintenseactivitysuchasexercising,ortellsomeoneaboutyourearworm.Whatifnoneofthesestrategieswork?Thenperhapsyoushouldjustsitbackandtrytoenjoythemusicinyourhead!8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Bylistingrules. B.Bydrawingconclusions.C.Bytellingstories. D.Bydescribingexperiences.9.Whyis“auditorycortex”mentionedinparagraph2?A.Toshowwhatearwormsarelike. B.Todiscusshowearwormsaffectus.C.Toexplainwhywegetearworms. D.Totellwhereearwormscomefrom.10.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobecomeanearworm?A.Asoftringfromthespeakerintheclassroom.B.Aslowsongthatmakesyouthinkinabookshop.C.Apieceofmusicyouhearforashorttimeinthecinema.D.Auniquejinglethatplaysoverandoverinasupermarket.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Earworms—thetypicaljingles B.Earworms—thepowerofmusicC.Earworms—thesongsinyourhead D.Earworms—themusicofeverydaylife【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了什么是“耳蟲”，并介紹了“耳蟲”的原因和解決辦法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Youhearasongwhileyouread.Youhearitwhileyou’retakingatest.Youevenhearitwhileyou’retryingtogotosleep.Youcan’tmakeitstop,andit’sdrivingyoucrazy!Hasthishappenedtoyou?Maybeyouhavesufferedfromanearworm,amemoryofasong!(你邊讀邊聽一首歌。你在考試時聽到它。你甚至在試圖入睡時聽到它。你不能讓它停下來，它快把你逼瘋了！這發(fā)生在你身上嗎？也許你患有耳蟲，一首歌的記憶！)”可知，為了引出“耳蟲”現(xiàn)象，作者列舉了一些生活中的經(jīng)歷，例如你邊讀邊聽一首歌，你甚至在試圖入睡時聽它等，這些都是“耳蟲”現(xiàn)象，由此可知，作者通過描述經(jīng)歷引出話題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Sackswondersifthereareearwormstodaybecausewe’resurroundedbymusicallthetimeinoureverydaylives.ResearchontheauditorycortexsupportsSacks’sideas.Theauditorycortexisthepartofthebrainthatdealswithsound.It’sashort-termstoragesystemforsmallamountsofauditory(sound)information.Someofthisauditoryinformationisforgotten,andsomeofitgoesintolong-termmemory.However,songsappeartostayintheauditorycortexforalongtime.(薩克斯想知道今天是否有耳蟲，因?yàn)槲覀冊谌粘Ｉ钪幸恢北灰魳钒鼑?。對聽覺皮層的研究支持薩克斯的觀點(diǎn)。聽覺皮層是大腦中處理聲音的部分。這是一個用于存儲少量聽覺（聲音）信息的短期存儲系統(tǒng)。其中一些聽覺信息被遺忘，而另一些則進(jìn)入長期記憶。然而，歌曲似乎在聽覺皮層中停留了很長時間。)”可知，“聽覺皮層”解釋了“耳蟲”現(xiàn)象的原因，聽覺皮層是大腦中處理聲音的部分，歌曲在聽覺皮層中停留的時間很長，所以出現(xiàn)了“耳蟲”現(xiàn)象，由此可知，在第2段提到“聽覺皮層”是為了解釋我們?yōu)槭裁磿谩岸x”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Thecharacteristicsarerepetitiveness,simplicity,andincongruity.(其特點(diǎn)是重復(fù)性、簡單性和不協(xié)調(diào)性。)”和“Nowonder,advertisersoftenusejingles—shortsongsthatareeasytoremembertopromotesales.(難怪廣告商經(jīng)常使用廣告歌曲——易于記憶短歌來促進(jìn)銷售。)”可知，“耳蟲”歌曲的特點(diǎn)是重復(fù)性、簡單性和不協(xié)調(diào)性，例如易于記憶的廣告歌曲，由此可知，一首在超市里反復(fù)播放的獨(dú)特廣告歌最有可能成為“耳蟲”。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段內(nèi)容“Youhearasongwhileyouread.Youhearitwhileyou’retakingatest.Youevenhearitwhileyou’retryingtogotosleep.Youcan’tmakeitstop,andit’sdrivingyoucrazy!Hasthishappenedtoyou?Maybeyouhavesufferedfromanearworm,amemoryofasong!(你邊讀邊聽一首歌。你在考試時聽到它。你甚至在試圖入睡時聽到它。你不能讓它停下來，它快把你逼瘋了！這發(fā)生在你身上嗎？也許你患有耳蟲，一首歌的記憶！)”可知，本文主要介紹了什么是“耳蟲”，即一首歌曲在你腦海中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，并介紹了“耳蟲”的原因和解決辦法，“Earworms—thesongsinyourhead”意為“耳蟲——你腦海中的歌曲”，能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容，為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DAltruists(利他主義者)intheworkplacearemorelikelytohelpfellowworkers,moresatisfiedwithandlesslikelytoleavetheirjob,newresearchbyUW-Madison’sLaFolletteSchoolofPublicAffairsshows.Andtheseworkplacealtruistsenjoyaprettyimportantbenefitthemselves—theyarehappierthanotherworkers.“Moreandmoreresearchshowsthepowerofaltruism,”saysLaFolletteprofessorDonaldMoynihan,“butmanypeopleholdtheviewthatwebehavealtruisticallybecauseofhiddenself-interest,suchasthedesiretoimprovehowothersseeus.”“Ourfindingsmakeasimplebutimportantpointaboutaltruism:helpingothersmakesushappier.Altruismisnotaformofself-sacrifice(自我犧牲)outofself-interest,butfunctionsformanyaspartofahealthypsychologicalreward(心理獎勵)system,”Moynihanexplains.Previousresearchsuggeststhatvolunteeringmakespeoplehappier,butthisnewstudyoffersnewfindings—showingaltruismintheworkenvironmentalsoincreaseshappiness.FundedbytheUW-MadisonCenterforDemographyofHealthandAging,thestudytestedtherelationshipbetweenaltruismintheworkplaceandhappinessintwoways.First,usingtheWisconsinLongitudinalStudyofmorethan10,000Wisconsinhighschoolgraduatesin1957,theauthorsfoundthatindividualsintheirmid-30swhoratedhelpingothersintheirworkasimportantsaidtheywerehappierwiththeirlifewhensurveyedagainalmost30yearslater.ThentheauthorstestedthesamemodelusingtheGeneralSocialSurveyandfoundsimilarconnectionsamongthedesiretohelpothersandhappiness.“Thenewresearchaddstothegrowingstudyonhappiness.Inlinewithearlierresearch,publicserviceworkersreportedahigherdesiretohelpothers,buttheeffectofaltruismonhappinesswasthesameforbothpublicandprivateworkers,”Moynihannotes.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutaltruistsaccordingtothenewresearch?A.Theyarelikelytostaylongerinthecompany. B.Theyhavemorechancestobepromoted.C.Theycaremoreaboutothersthanthemselves. D.Theytendtomakeotherworkershappier.13.Manypeoplemistakealtruismas_______.A.somethingleadingtojobsatisfaction B.somethingdrivenbyindividualbenefitsC.somethingconnectedwithself-reflection D.somethingcenteringaroundothers’happiness14.Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A.Bydoingtwofollow-upsurveys. B.Bystudyingfiguresfromexperiments.C.Byhavinginterviewswithworkers. D.Byrevisingpreviousresearchresults.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Altruistsundoubtedlyfeelhappyinhelpingothers. B.Publicworkersareashappyasprivateworkers.C.There’sgrowingconcernontheeffectofaltruism. D.Thenewresearchhasgainedadifferentresult.【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于利他主義者的研究，解釋了研究開展的過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Altruists(利他主義者)intheworkplacearemorelikelytohelpfellowworkers,moresatisfiedwithandlesslikelytoleavetheirjob,newresearchbyUW-Madison’sLaFolletteSchoolofPublicAffairsshows.(威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校拉福萊特公共事務(wù)學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，工作場所的利他主義者更有可能幫助同事，對自己的工作更滿意，也更不可能離職)”可知，利他主義者可能會在公司待更長的時間。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Moreandmoreresearchshowsthepowerofaltruism,”saysLaFolletteprofessorDonaldMoynihan,“butmanypeopleholdtheviewthatwebehavealtruisticallybecauseofhiddenself-interest,suchasthedesiretoimprovehowothersseeus.”(“越來越多的研究顯示了利他主義的力量，”拉福萊特教授唐納德·莫伊尼漢說，“但許多人認(rèn)為，我們的利他行為是出于隱藏的自利，比如想要改善別人對我們的看法。”)”可知，許多人誤以為利他主義是由個人利益驅(qū)動的。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“FundedbytheUW-MadisonCenterforDemographyofHealthandAging,thestudytestedtherelationshipbetweenaltruismintheworkplaceandhappinessintwoways.First,usingtheWisconsinLongitudinalStudyofmorethan10,000Wisconsinhighschoolgraduatesin1957,theauthorsfoundthatindividualsintheirmid-30swhoratedhelpingothersintheirworkasimportantsaidtheywerehappierwiththeirlifewhensurveyedagainalmost30yearslater.ThentheauthorstestedthesamemodelusingtheGeneralSocialSurveyandfoundsimilarconnectionsamongthedesiretohelpothersandhappiness.(這項(xiàng)研究由威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校健康與老齡化人口統(tǒng)計中心資助，從兩方面測試了工作場所的利他主義與幸福感之間的關(guān)系。首先，在1957年對1萬多名威斯康星高中畢業(yè)生進(jìn)行的威斯康星縱向研究中，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)，在30年后再次接受調(diào)查時，認(rèn)為在工作中幫助他人很重要的35歲左右的人表示，他們對自己的生活更快樂。然后，作者使用綜合社會調(diào)查測試了相同的模型，發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助他人的愿望和幸福之間存在類似的聯(lián)系)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究通過做兩次后續(xù)調(diào)查進(jìn)行。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thenewresearchaddstothegrowingstudyonhappiness.Inlinewithearlierresearch,publicserviceworkersreportedahigherdesiretohelpothers,buttheeffectofaltruismonhappinesswasthesameforbothpublicandprivateworkers,”Moynihannotes.(這項(xiàng)新的研究增加了對幸福的研究。莫伊尼漢指出：“與早期的研究一致，公共服務(wù)工作者報告說，他們有更高的幫助他人的愿望，但利他主義對幸福感的影響對公共和私人工作者都是一樣的?！?”可知，毫無疑問，利他主義者在幫助別人的過程中感到快樂。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Areyoulookingforeffectivewaystodevelopalastinggoodhabit?Asweallknow,thisprocesscanbechallenging.Butwiththerightstrategies,youcaneasilydevelopgoodhabits.___16___.Startbymakingafirmdecision.Findanddecidethespecifichabityouwanttoadopt,andthenremindyourselftocarryitout.Forexample,ifyourgoalistowakeupearlyforexercise,setanalarmtoremindyourselftodoit.___17___.Everynewhabitneedstobestrengthenedthroughpractice.Whenyoukeeppracticing,yourbrainstartstoautomate(自動化)theprocess,reducingthementaleffortrequiredtocompletetheactivity.Practiceiswhatturnsapurposefulactionintofirmhabit.Themoreyoupractice,themorenaturalandeffortlessthehabitwillbecome.Seeksupportfromothers.Sharingyourgoalwithfriendsorfamilymemberscanprovideyouwiththeencouragementyouneed.___18___.Havingasupportsysteminplacecanmakethehabit-formingprocessmoreenjoyableandsuccessful.Bepersevering(堅持不懈的).Developinganewhabitinyourlifeoftentestsyourperseverance.Beingdevotedtothisprocessmeansgettingoverdifficultiesandkeepingyourcourse.___19___.Thenyouwillunderstandthathabitformationisnotanovernightsuccess,butaresultofstickingitout.Giveyourselfsomerewards.Rewardsanytimeandanywherecanplayanimportantroleinstrengtheningyournewhabitpositively.Inthisway,youwillgraduallyconnectthepleasureofreceivingrewardswithpracticingthenewhabit.___20___.Eventually,youwilllookforwardtoparticipating(參與)inthenewhabit.A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Improveyourpracticalskills.C.Herearesomemethodsyoucanturnto.D.Forsome,theprocessismuchsimplerandcomesnaturally.E.Thisdevotionensuresthatthehabitgraduallybecomespartofyourlife.F.Theycancelebrateyourprogressandofferadvicewhenyoufacechallenges.G.Theconnectionofthemwillturnintothedrivingforceforyoutocontinuewithit.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butwiththerightstrategies,youcaneasilydevelopgoodhabits.(但有了正確的策略，你可以很容易地養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣。)”可知，上文告訴我們有了正確的策略，可以很容易地養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，C項(xiàng)意為“這里有一些你可以求助的方法?！?，選項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，且能夠引起下文，下文介紹了一些幫助我們養(yǎng)成良好習(xí)慣的方法。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Everynewhabitneedstobestrengthenedthroughpractice.(每一個新習(xí)慣都需要通過練習(xí)來強(qiáng)化。)”可知，下文告訴我們養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣需要不斷的練習(xí)，A項(xiàng)意為“熟能生巧?！?，選項(xiàng)能夠概括段落大意，下文針對“熟能生巧”進(jìn)行了具體的解釋。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Seeksupportfromothers.Sharingyourgoalwithfriendsorfamilymemberscanprovideyouwiththeencouragementyouneed.(尋求他人的支持。與朋友或家人分享你的目標(biāo)可以為你提供所需的鼓勵。)”可知，與朋友或家人分享你的目標(biāo)可以為你提供所需的鼓勵，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)意為“他們可以慶祝你的進(jìn)步，并在你面臨挑戰(zhàn)時提供建議?！保x項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，進(jìn)一步介紹了與朋友或家人分享你的目標(biāo)所帶來的好處。故選F。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beingdevotedtothisprocessmeansgettingoverdifficultiesandkeepingyourcourse.(專注于這個過程意味著克服困難，堅持自己的方向。)”可知，上文告訴我們堅持不懈的養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣的過程意味著克服困難，堅持自己的方向，E項(xiàng)意為“這種奉獻(xiàn)精神確保了習(xí)慣逐漸成為你生活的一部分?！?，選項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，告訴我們克服困難的奉獻(xiàn)精神確保了習(xí)慣逐漸成為你生活的一部分。故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Rewardsanytimeandanywherecanplayanimportantroleinstrengtheningyournewhabitpositively.Inthisway,youwillgraduallyconnectthepleasureofreceivingrewardswithpracticingthenewhabit.(隨時隨地的獎勵可以在積極強(qiáng)化你的新習(xí)慣方面發(fā)揮重要作用。通過這種方式，你將逐漸將獲得獎勵的樂趣與練習(xí)新習(xí)慣聯(lián)系起來。)”可知，獎勵自己可以讓你將逐漸將獲得獎勵的樂趣與練習(xí)新習(xí)慣聯(lián)系起來，G項(xiàng)意為“它們之間的聯(lián)系將成為你繼續(xù)下去的動力?！?，選項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，獲得獎勵的樂趣與練習(xí)新習(xí)慣的聯(lián)系將成為你繼續(xù)下去的動力。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共四節(jié)，滿分55分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Asaseniorinhighschoolbackinthe1980s,Iwascrazyaboutbaseball.ButIcouldonlytakepartinthesportsbyservingasthestatistician(數(shù)據(jù)員)asmypoorhealth___21___mefromjoininginsuchsports.Asthestatistician,Ienjoyedspendinglotsoftime___22___variousstatisticsconnectedwithbaseball.Oneseason,ourteam___23___severallosses.Icarefullyanalyzed(分析)eachplayer’s___24___andthoughtthataline-up(陣容)changebasedontheirstatisticswouldbe___25___.So,Iapproachedthecoachtosuggest___26___line-ups.Althoughheappreciatedmyadvice,he___27___itatfirst.Followingourteam’sseventh___28___,thecoachaskedmetoproposeanewline-up.Ire-examinedthestatisticsandmadeaslight___29___.Toeveryone’sdelight,webeganto____30____thenextfewgames.Thenewline-upmadetheteamplayinits____31____.Andalloftheplayersfeltmoreinspired.AsIcontinuedtobettertheline-up,the____32____keptalltheplayersactivelyengaged(參與).____33____,wewereleading4-2andwentontowinthechampionship.Mybasic____34____ofstatisticshadplayedanimportantroleinoursuccess,whichearnedmeaschoolaward.Thisexperience____35____myinterestinstatistics,finallyleadingmetomajorinthesubjectincollege.21.A.protected B.separated C.prevented D.hid22.A.examining B.adapting C.recalling D.preparing23.A.caredabout B.startedwith C.gotover D.fellon24.A.opinion B.energy C.identity D.performance25.A.normal B.helpful C.challenging D.convenient26.A.ordinary B.current C.optional D.common27.A.refused B.followed C.promoted D.observed28.A.chance B.entrance C.accident D.defeat29.A.increase B.change C.stop D.mistake30.A.improve B.imitate C.update D.explore31.A.movements B.aspects C.strengths D.routines32.A.tradition B.creativity C.response D.determination33.A.Suddenly B.Actually C.Definitely D.Eventually34.A.understanding B.impression C.lecture D.influence35.A.revised B.reduced C.deepened D.delayed【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在一次比賽中通過自己的統(tǒng)計學(xué)知識幫助球隊贏得了比賽?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我只能作為統(tǒng)計學(xué)家參加體育運(yùn)動，因?yàn)槲业纳眢w不好，不能參加這樣的運(yùn)動。A.protected保護(hù)；B.separated分開；C.prevented阻止；D.hid隱藏。根據(jù)上文“mypoorhealth”指作者的身體情況組織作者參加運(yùn)動。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名統(tǒng)計學(xué)家，我喜歡花很多時間研究與棒球有關(guān)的各種統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。A.examining研究，檢查；B.adapting改編；C.recalling回想起；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文“Asthestatistician”可知，作者是統(tǒng)計學(xué)家喜歡花很多時間研究與棒球有關(guān)的各種統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有一個賽季，我們隊一開始就輸了幾場。A.caredabout關(guān)心；B.startedwith開始；C.gotover克服；D.fellon開始。根據(jù)后文“severallosses”以及“Followingourteam’sseventh”此處指有一個賽季，球隊一開始就輸了幾場。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我仔細(xì)分析了每個球員的表現(xiàn)，并認(rèn)為根據(jù)他們的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)整陣容會有所幫助。A.opinion觀點(diǎn)；B.energy能量；C.identity身份；D.performance表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“aline-upchangebasedontheirstatistics”可知，調(diào)整是基于分析每個球員的表現(xiàn)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我仔細(xì)分析了每個球員的表現(xiàn)，并認(rèn)為根據(jù)他們的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)整陣容會有所幫助。A.normal正常的；B.helpful有幫助的；C.challenging挑戰(zhàn)性的；D.convenient方便的。根據(jù)后文“So,Iapproachedthecoachtosuggest”可知，作者提出建議是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為根據(jù)隊員的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)整陣容會有所幫助。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，我找到教練，讓他安排可選陣容。A.ordinary普通的；B.current當(dāng)前的；C.optional可選擇的；D.common共同的。此處指上文“aline-upchangebasedontheirstatistics”作者列出了另一個陣容，讓教練選擇。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然他很感激我的建議，但起初他拒絕了。A.refused拒絕；B.followed跟隨；C.promoted促進(jìn)；D.observed觀察。根據(jù)上文although表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知，教練一開始拒絕了作者的建議。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們隊第七次失利之后，教練讓我提出一個新的陣容。A.chance機(jī)會；B.entrance入口；C.accident事故；D.defeat擊敗。根據(jù)后文“thecoachaskedmetoproposeanewline-up”可知，提出新陣容是因?yàn)楹竺娴谋荣愐彩×耍蔬xD。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我重新檢查了統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，做了一個小小的改動。A.increase增加；B.change改變；C.stop停止；D.mistake錯誤。根據(jù)上文“proposeanewline-up”可知，作者重新檢查了統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，做了一個小小的改動。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：令大家高興的是，接下來的幾場比賽開始改善。A.improve改善；B.imitate模仿；C.update更新；D.explore探索。根據(jù)上文“Toeveryone’sdelight”可知，高興是因?yàn)楸荣惽闆r有了改善。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：新的陣容使該隊發(fā)揮了自己的長處。A.movements運(yùn)動；B.aspects方面；C.strengths優(yōu)點(diǎn)；D.routines常規(guī)。根據(jù)上文“Icarefullyanalyzedeachplayer’s”可知，陣容是通過分析表現(xiàn)得出的，所以新的陣容使該隊發(fā)揮了自己的長處。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我繼續(xù)完善陣容時，創(chuàng)造力讓所有球員都積極參與其中。A.tradition傳統(tǒng)；B.creativity創(chuàng)造性的；C.response回答；D.determination決心。根據(jù)上文“Ire-examinedthestatisticsandmadeaslight”可知，作者提出了新的陣容，而比賽得到了改善，即創(chuàng)造力讓所有球員都積極參與其中。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，我們以4:2領(lǐng)先，并贏得了冠軍。A.Suddenly突然；B.Actually實(shí)際上；C.Definitely肯定地；D.Eventually最后。根據(jù)后文“wewereleading4-2andwentontowinthechampionship”可知，他們最終比賽獲勝了。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對統(tǒng)計學(xué)的基本理解在我們的成功中發(fā)揮了重要作用，為我贏得了學(xué)校的獎項(xiàng)。A.understanding理解；B.impression印象；C.lecture演講；D.influence影響。根據(jù)后文“ofstatisticshadplayedanimportantroleinoursuccess”可知，指作者對統(tǒng)計學(xué)的基本理解對成功發(fā)揮了重要作用。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這段經(jīng)歷加深了我對統(tǒng)計學(xué)的興趣，最終使我在大學(xué)主修了這門學(xué)科。A.