英語高考復習：復合句詳解掌握復合句結(jié)構(gòu)，提升閱讀理解與寫作能力復習導航復合句概述名詞性從句定語從句狀語從句從句對比常見錯誤實戰(zhàn)練習高考應試技巧復合句概述復合句（ComplexSentence）由一個主句（MainClause）和一個或多個從句（SubordinateClause）構(gòu)成。從句不能獨立存在，需要依附于主句。復合句基本結(jié)構(gòu)主句+從屬連詞+從句或：從屬連詞+從句+主句Whenitrains,thegroundgetswet.下雨的時候，地面會變濕。（Whenitrains是從句，thegroundgetswet是主句）復合句的重要性高考閱讀理解中復合句出現(xiàn)頻率極高寫作中使用復合句可提升作文檔次語法填空、短文改錯重點考察內(nèi)容提升長難句分析能力的關(guān)鍵

核心要點識別從句的關(guān)鍵是找到從屬連詞（that,which,who,when,where,because,if等）

注意要點1.that在賓語從句中?？墒÷裕谥髡Z從句、表語從句和同位語從句中不可省略2.whether和if引導賓語從句時?？苫Q，但介詞后或與ornot連用時只能用whethe類型功能引導詞例句主語從句作句子主語that,whether,who,what等Whathesaid

istrue.賓語從句作動詞賓語that,if,whether,疑問詞等Iknow

thatheishonest.表語從句作系動詞表語that,because,asif等Thetruthis

thathelied.同位語從句解釋名詞內(nèi)容that,whether等Thenews

thathewon

excitedus.名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的從句，可作主語、賓語、表語或同位語。名詞性從句分類

關(guān)系詞指代對象在從句中充當成分例句who人主語、賓語Theman

whoistalking

ismyteacher.whom人賓語Thegirl

whomyoumet

isLily.which物、動物主語、賓語Thebook

whichisonthetable

ismine.that人、物主語、賓語Everything

thathesaid

istrue.whose人、物定語Theboy

whosefatherisadoctor

studieshard.when時間狀語Iremembertheday

whenwefirstmet.where地點狀語Thisisthehouse

whereIwasborn.why原因狀語That'sthereason

whyIwaslate.

即時練習合并句子：Thebookisinteresting.Yourecommendedittome.答案：Thebook

thatyourecommendedtome

isinteresting.定語從句在句子中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞，又稱形容詞性從句。關(guān)系詞用法類型引導詞例句時間狀語從句when,while,as,before,after,until,sinceWhenIarrived,themeetinghadstarted.地點狀語從句where,whereverPutthebook

whereitwas.原因狀語從句because,since,as,forHedidn'tcome

becausehewasill.條件狀語從句if,unless,aslongasIfitrains,wewillstayathome.目的狀語從句sothat,inorderthatHestudiedhard

sothathecouldpasstheexam.結(jié)果狀語從句so...that,such...thatHewas

sotiredthathefellasleep

immediately.讓步狀語從句although,though,eventhough,nomatterAlthoughitwasraining,theywentout.比較狀語從句than,as...asHeistaller

thanI(am).

重要考點

時間、條件狀語從句中，使用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來：Ifit

rains

tomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.狀語從句在句子中作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞或整個句子，表示時間、地點、原因、條件等。狀語從句分類對比點定語從句同位語從句功能修飾限定先行詞解釋說明先行詞內(nèi)容引導詞關(guān)系代詞/副詞(that,which,who,where...)連接詞(that,whether...)that的作用在從句中充當成分無實際意義，不充當成分例句Thenews

thathetoldme

wasexciting.Thenews

thathewonthegame

wasexciting.從句對比與辨析定語從句vs同位語從句時間狀語從句引導詞辨析when:當...時（可表示時間點或時間段）while:當...時（強調(diào)動作同時進行，后接延續(xù)性動詞）as:隨著...；當...時（強調(diào)動作同時發(fā)生或變化）assoonas:一...就...例：WhenIarrived,theywerehavingdinner.WhileIwasreading,hewaswatchingTV.AsIgrewolder,Ibecamemorepatient.復合句常見錯誤高考高頻易錯點

錯誤1：從句中語序錯誤誤：Idon'tknow

whereishe.正：Idon'tknow

whereheis.（賓語從句應使用陳述句語序）

錯誤2：關(guān)系詞選擇錯誤誤：Thisistheschool

which

Istudiedtenyearsago.正：Thisistheschool

where

Istudiedtenyearsago.（從句中缺地點狀語，應用where）

錯誤3：連詞重復使用誤：Because

hewasill,

so

hedidn'tcome.正：Because

hewasill,hedidn'tcome.或：Hewasill,

so

hedidn'tcome.

錯誤4：關(guān)系代詞that/which混淆誤：Thisisthebestfilm

which

Ihaveeverseen.正：Thisisthebestfilm

that

Ihaveeverseen.（先行詞被最高級修飾時，用that不用which）復合句實戰(zhàn)練習

練習一：合并句子1.Themanismyuncle.Heisstandingoverthere.2.Shedidn'tattendthemeeting.Thereasonwasthatshewasill.3.Iwillcallyou.Iarriveattheairport.

練習二：改正錯誤1.Iwanttoknowthatwhatisyourname.2.Thisisthehousewhichhewasborn.3.Ifitwillraintomorrow,wewillstayathome.

練習三：翻譯句子1.這就是我去年住過的賓館。2.無論發(fā)生什么，都不要放棄。3.他太年輕了，不能理解這個道理。

答案練習一：1.Themanwhoisstandingoverthereismyuncle.2.Thereasonwhyshedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthatshewasill.3.IwillcallyouwhenIarriveattheairport.高考應試技巧閱讀理解中的復合句找出句子主干：主句的主謂賓識別從屬連詞，確定從句類型復雜長句分解為簡單句理解注意插入語和分隔結(jié)構(gòu)原句：Thebook,whichwaswrittenbyafamousauthor,discussestheproblemsthatmodernsocietyfaces.分解：1.Thebookdiscussestheproblems.2.Thebookwaswrittenbyafamousauthor.3.Modernsocietyfacestheproblems.寫作中的復合句應用避免過多簡單句，適當使用復合句