（15）Unit3FoodandCulture——20212022學年高二英語人教版（2019）寒假作業(yè)第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A

ChinesefoodisconsideredtobethebiggestculturalexchangebetweenChinaandothercountries.Thefollowingdishesarespecialeachintheirownway.

PekingDuck

ThisfamousdishcanbefoundatrestaurantsallaroundBeijing.HighclassrestaurantstakethisdishsoseriouslythatsomeevenhavetheirownduckfarmsanduseonlyaspecialkindofduckfortheirspecificPekingDuckdish.PekingDuckisfamousforitsthinskinanddeliciousmeat,whichishighlypopularamongallforeigners,includingforeigncelebritiesandleaders.

Wonton

Wonton,called"Huntun"inChinese,isahighlyappreciateddishinChina.SinceChinaisacountryofmanynationalitiesanddifferentcultures,eachregionhastheirownshapesforwontons.Wontonsareusuallyboiledandservedinsoup,buttheycanalsobedeepfried.

Dumplings

DuringtheSpringFestival,Chinesefamilieswillgettogetherandhavedumplingparties.ItissaidthatthedishwasinventedbyZhangZhongjing,oneofthefinestChinesephysiciansinhistory.Dumplingshavea1,800yearlonghistory,whichiswhyitisoneofthemostpopulartraditionalfoodsinChinaandextremelypopularinWesterncountries.Theymaybecookedbyboiling,steaming,simmering,fryingorbaking.

EggfriedRice

FirstlyfromChina'sancientwesternregions,eggfriedricehasnowbeepartofChinesepeople'sdailyfood.Itisfamousforitspleasantsmell,softtasteandhandsomeappearance,andonecaneasilyfindthispopulardishanywhereinChina,fromhighclasshotelstofamilyrunrestaurantsonthestreet.Whileitisfairlyeasytomake,therearesomepointsthatshouldbekeptinmind:useleftoverriceratherthannewlycookedriceforbettertaste.Additionally,beforefrying,thericeshouldbechurnedup.1.Whichofthefollowingmayhaveitsownfarm?A.Restaurantsservingwontons. B.RestaurantsservingPekingDuck.C.Restaurantsservingdumplings. D.Restaurantsservingeggfriedrice.2.WhatmakesdumplingssopopularinChinaandWesterncountries?A.Thelonghistory. B.Thedifferentshapes.C.Thespecialtaste. D.Theuniquestyleofcooking.3.Whatcanwelearnabouteggfriedrice?A.Ittastesbetterifcookedwithnewlymaderice.B.ItfirstappearedinthenorthernpartofChina.C.Itisservedinrestaurantsofdifferentclasses. D.ItwasinventedbyanancientChinesephysician.B

Foodpoems,likelovepoems,havethepotentialtobevagueandsad.TheNewYorkTimes'descriptionofabookoffoodpoetryreferstoWinstonChurchill'ssupposeddeclaration,"Takeawaythispudding.Ithasnotheme."This,ofcourse,isasadmentonfood.Yes,eatingcanbemeregluttony(暴飲暴食)attimes—we'veallhadlatenightchocolateorthoroughlyenjoyedMcDonald'sbreakfasthashbrowns(土豆煎餅).

Infact,writerslikeDanielOrozcopaintpoeticpicturesofsortsoffoods,thethrillandshameofjunkfood.

Foodpoetrycanbeunbelievablydescribed,inspiringfeelingsofpleasureandhomesicknessinthesamewayaseatingdoes.Itcanalsobestraightforwardorplayful—justlikefooditself.ShellSilverstein'sItalianFoodstartsoffwith"Oh,howIloveItalianfood/Ieatitallthetime/Notjust'causehowgoodittastes/But'causehowgooditrhymes,"andcontinuesinrhymingcouplets(對句)fortheremainderofthepoem.

Otherfoodpoems—certainlythebestones—havelayersofplexitythatareslowlyrevealedlikeeatingaperfectlyassembledsandwichordrinkingskillfullymixeddrink.HenrickIbsen'sTea—AparisonFromLove'sedybeginswithapleasantgardengatheringbutquicklydelvesinto(探究)thesceneryandpoliticsofEasternnations,fromwhichtheteawasimported.Stillotherfoodpoemsaresimplecollectionsofthepoet'smostbelovedmeal,likeCarlosWilliams'loyaltytocaviar(魚子醬),ForViola:DeGustibus.Hewrites,"Belovedyouare/CaviarofCaviar/OfallIloveyoubest/OmyJapanesebirdnest/"Similarly,JonathanSwiftdeclareshisloveformuttonintheemotionalcookingpoem:HowIShallDine.

KevinYoung,theeditorofTheHungryEar,acollectionoffoodpoetrypublishedlastyear,explainspoets'loveforfood,"OneofthethingsIthinkpoetsenjoyaboutagreatmealisthatitgoesaway...thatyoumakeaterrificmealforfriendsandfamily,andifyousucceed,it'sgone."1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.WinstonChurchilldoesn'tlikepuddings. B.Foodpoemsandlovepoemsarethesame.C.Eatingisabadsubjectintermsofpoetry. D.Manypeoplelikejunkfooddespiteitsharm.2.WhydoestheauthorrefertoShellSilverstein'spoem?A.TosuggestthatShellSilversteinisthebestpoet.B.Toprovethatfoodpoemshavesomeplexity.C.Toshowthatfoodpoetrycanbestraightforwardorplayful.D.ToshowhowShellSilversteinlikesItalianfood.3.HenrickIbsen'spoeminthethirdparagraphisonethat________.A.slowlyrevealssomeplexity B.introduceswhereteawasimportedC.wasreferredtoasthebestfoodpoem D.talksaboutapleasantgardengathering4.Whowritesabouthisfavoritefood?A.HenrickIbsen. B.CarlosWilliams. C.KevinYoung. D.ShellSilverstein.C

BeijingisnostrangertoWesternfood.AmericanrestaurantslikeMcDonald'sandKFChavebroughtmoreWesterndishestothelocalfoodsceneinrecentyears.Now,twonewrestaurantshavejoinedthem.

InAugust,TacoBellandShakeShackopenedtheirdoorstoeagercustomersinBeijing.TacoBellisapopularAmericanfastfoodrestaurantthatfeaturesMexicanfood.Hardandsoftshelltacosareastaple(招牌)ofthemenu;theyaregenerallyservedwithbeef,lettuceandtomato.Andofcoursethereareburritos—chicken,beeforbeanswrappedinatortilla(墨西哥薄餡餅).However,therearenewmenuitemsthatarespecialtotheBeijinglocation,suchastheYangBerryFreezeandAvocadoOolongTea.

ShakeShack,knownforitstraditionalAmericanstylehamburgersandmilkshakes,isalsoservingupdishesthatwon'tbefoundinbranchesoutsideofthecapital.HarryWang,whostudiedintheUS,visitedtherestaurantsoonafteritopened."ThelasttimeIhadShakeShackwasmorethanayearagowhenIwasintheUnitedStates,"Wangsaid."ThefoodisprettysimilartowhatwehadintheUnitedStates,butthereisamilkshakeexclusivetoBeijing."

ThemilkshakeWangreferredtoistheHutongHawthorn.Theshakemixeshawthorn,atraditionalChinesesnack,intoamilkshake,amonicecreamdrinkinWesternfastfood.TheBeijingShakeShackalsooffersroastedchestnuticecream.

BothrestaurantsalsoreflectelementsofChinesecultureintheirdecorations.ShakeShack'swindowsfeaturecartoonsshowinghutonglife,andTacoBellhasapictureofapalacefromtheTempleofHeavenononeofitswalls.

Fromthedesigntothemenus,thetworestaurantsare"addingatouchoflocalflavor",notedChinaNews.1.WhyareMcDonald'sandKFCmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.ToshowthepopularityofWesternfoodinBeijing.B.ToleaduptothetopicofnewWesternrestaurantsinBeijing.C.ToparethedifferencesbetweenMcDonald'sandKFC.D.Toexpresstheauthor'spersonalloveforWesternfood.2.WhatcanweknowaboutTacoBell?A.ItisatraditionalMexicanrestaurant.B.Ithasthesamemenuaroundtheworld.C.ItisapopularMexicanfoodrestaurantinChina.D.ItisafastfoodrestaurantservingMexicanfood.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exclusive"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Special. B.Ordinary. C.Important. D.Acceptable.4.WhatdoesthearticletellusaboutTacoBellandShakeShack?A.Theytrytokeeptheoriginalcharacteristicsinalllocations.B.TheywillprobablyhavemorecustomersthanKFC.C.TheymakechangestothemenuforChinesepeople'stastes.D.TheyliketoworktogetherwithChineserestaurants.D

Thebadhealtheffectsofsleeplossduringtheweekcan'tberepaidbylongerweekendsleep,accordingtoanewstudy.

Researchershavelongknownthatsleepdeprivation(剝奪)cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks.Butforthosewhoforcethemselvesoutofbedeveryweekdayaftertoofewhoursofshuteye,theyhopeturningoffthealarmonSaturdayandSundaywillrepaytheweeklysleepdebtandremoveanyilleffects.

Theresearch,publishedinCurrentBiology,crushesthosehopes.Despitepletefreedomtosleepduringaweekendrecoveryperiod,peopleinasleeplabwhowerelimitedtofivehoursofsleeponweekdaysgainednearlythreepoundsovertwoweeksandexperienceddisordersthatwouldincreasetheirriskfordiabetesoverthelongterm.Whileweekendrecoverysleephadsomebenefitsafterasingleweekofsleeploss,thosegainswerewipedoutwhenpeoplefellrightbackintotheirsamesleepdeprivedschedulethenextMonday.

"Iftherearebenefitsofcatchupsleep,they'regonewhenyougobacktoyourdailyschedule.It'sveryshortlived,"saidKennethWright,directorofthesleepandchronobiology(生物鐘學)labattheUniversityofColoradoatBoulder."Thesehealtheffectsarelongterm.It'skindoflikesmokingoncewas—peoplewouldsmokeandwouldn'tseeanimmediateeffectontheirhealth,butpeoplewillsaynowthatsmokingisnotahealthylifestylechoice.Ithinksleeplossisintheearlystageofwheresmokingusedtobe."

Wrightsaidthatthestudysuggestspeopleshouldputsleepinthefirstplace—cuttingoutthe"sleepstealers"suchaswatchingtelevisionshowsorspendingtimeontheirphones.Eventhoughpeopledon'thaveachoiceaboutlosingsleepbecauseofchildcareresponsibilitiesorjobschedules,theyshouldthinkaboutgettingsleepinthesamewaytheywouldgetahealthydietorexercise.1.Whatdotheresearchersfindaboutweekendrecoverysleep?A.Itismonamongpeople. B.Itwillmakepeoplehealthier.C.Itcanmakepeopleputonweight. D.It'sabletomakeupforthesleeploss.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"crushes"mean?A.Arouses. B.Guarantees. C.Deepens. D.Ruins.3.WhatwillKennethWrightagreewith?A.Ittakeslongforpeopletoseetheeffectsofsleeploss.B.Smokingandsleeplosshavethesamebadeffects.C.Weekendrecoverysleephasmanybenefits.D.Smokingismoreharmfulthansleeploss.4.WhatdoesKennethWrightadvisepeopletodo?A.Sleepaslongaspossibleduringweekdays. B.WatchsomeTVshowsbeforebedtime.C.Reducethescreentimebeforesleep. D.Takeregularexerciseeveryday.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Alocalhighschoolteachergotacallfromamotherprotesting(表示不滿)the"C"hersonreceivedonapaper."Themotherarguedeverypointinthepaper,"recalledtheteacher,soonrealizingwhythemotherwasextremelydisappointedaboutthegrade.Itcouldbejudgedbyherloudvoice.

①__________.

95%ofteachersagreedthatinvolvingparentsintheirchildren'seducationhasasignificance.Only12%describedtheirexperienceworkingwithparentsas"satisfying"inthesurvey.11%ofnewteacherssaidtoomanyparentstreatschoolsandteachersasenemies.

Atanagewhenpetitionisfierce,WeChatandemailspeeduptheinformationflowandallkindsofprivateopinionsandpublicquarrelsslipintotheparentteachermeeting.Therelationbetweenparentsandteachersbeesreallytough.②__________.

Everyonebelievestheparentteachermeetingshouldbeapleasant,politeandcooperativedialoguewhereparentsandteachersbuildpartnership.③__________.

Whenteachersaskparentstobepartners,theyneedmorecooperation.④__________.Theymeanwhathappensathomemattersmuchmore.Therearefourmainareaswhereparentsshouldtakepartin:homediscussion,homesupervision(監(jiān)督),schoolmunication,andschoolparticipation.⑤__________.Smartparentsmayhavemorediscussionwiththeirchildrenathome.A.

NowmanyproblemshavearisenbetweenparentsandteachersB.

AmongthemhomediscussionismostrelatedtoschoolachievementC.

Butmostteachersfeelworriedandpanicked,especiallyheadteachersD.

Teachersdon'tmeanparentsshouldbestayingintheschoolroomsE.

EducationInternationalconductedaprofessionalsurveyin2018F.

ThatiswhystudentslosecontrolofthemselveswhentheyareusingWeChatG.

Anditmakesitharderforbothsidestobreathedeeplyandlookatthegoalstheyshare第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

ItwasNewYeartime.Weweretravellinginavan(小型貨車)distributingtoystothehomeless.Whenwe

1

thespot,somethingcaughtmyeyes.Somethingorsomeonewasmovingintherubbish.SoonI

2

thatitwasthehomeofapoorfamily.Thereweretwo

3

,bothofaboutmyageatthetime,andaladyIsupposedtobetheirmother.Theysattherehopelessly.

AsalittlegirlmyselfIwas

4

interestedinthelittlegirl.How

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ourliveswere.Shelivedfortheday,

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throughtherubbishforsomethingtofillherstomach.Iontheotherhandwaswelllookedafterandneverhadtoworryabout

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.Ihadagoodeducationandthusa

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future.Ilookedatthelittlegirl.Theonly

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shehadwasthewornoutdressthatshewaswearing.

SeeingthislittlegirlImadethedecisiontogiveawayadollthathadbelongedtomeforawhile.Whenthevancametoa

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,Isteppedout,calledthegirloverandplacedthedollinherhand.Atfirstshelookedatmewith

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andwasn'tcertainwhattodo,butthenshesmiledandIsaw

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inhereyes.Iwentbackintothevehicleandwestartedto

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off,andthatwaswhenwerealizedthelittlegirlwasrunning

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.Westoppedagainandopenedthedoor.Thegirlhad

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withus.Shelookeddirectlyatmeandsaidtwosimplewords"ThankYou".1.A.left

B.changed

C.chose

D.approached2.A.guaranteed

B.realized

C.decided

D.accepted3.A.boys

B.children

C.drivers

D.adults4.A.still

B.less

C.especially

D.probably5.A.similar

B.different

C.difficult

D.ordinary6.A.searching

B.getting

C.running

D.breaking7.A.food

B.safety

C.health

D.transport8.A.doubtful

B.distant

C.promising

D.foreseeable9.A.present

B.decoration

C.requirement

D.possession10.A.station

B.stop

C.street

D.signal11.A.anger

B.pain

C.surprise

D.disappointment12.A.hope

B.loneliness

C.anxiety

D.astonishment13.A.walk

B.get

C.lift

D.drive14.A.behind

B.away

C.out

D.in15.A.gotalong

B.ealong

C.caughtup

D.turnedup第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Asamanwaspassingtheelephants,hesuddenlystopped,confusedbythefact

①________thesehugecreatureswerebeingheldbyonlyathinropetiedtotheirfrontleg.Nochains,no

②________(cage).Itwasobviousthattheelephantscould,atanytime,breakawayfromtheirbonds.Butforsomereason,theydidnot.

Hesawatrainernearbyandaskedwhytheseelephantsjuststoodthereandmadenoattempt③________(get)away."Well,"thetrainersaid,"whentheywereveryyoungandmuch④________(small),weusedthesamesizeropetotiethem,andatthatage,itwasenoughtoholdthem.Astheygrowup,they⑤________(condition)tobelievetheycannotbreakaway.Theybelievetheropecanstillholdthem,

⑥________theynevertrytobreakfree."

Themanwasamazed.Theseelephantscouldatanytimebreakfreefromtheirbondsbutbecausethey⑦________(believe)theycouldn't,theywerestuckrightwheretheywere.

Liketheelephants,howmanyofusgothroughlife⑧________(hang)ontothebeliefthatwecannotdosomething,

⑨________(simple)becausewefailedinitoncebefore?

⑩________(fail)ispartoflearning.Weshouldnevergiveupthestruggleinlife.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假設你是高二學生李華，上周末你們英語老師MsWang邀請你和其他幾位沒有回家的同學去她家里做客，大家在一起玩得很開心。請根據(jù)所給提示，給她寫一封感謝信。內(nèi)容包括：

1.

感謝她和她家人的熱情款待；

2.

你們的打算。注意：

1.

詞數(shù)80左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))；

2.

可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMsWang,Iamwritingtothankyouforyourkindness.Itiskindofyoutoinviteustohavedinnerinyourfamilylastweekend.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應為150左右。

Jennywasabrighteyed,prettyfiveyearoldgirl.Onedaywhensheandhermotherwerecheckingoutatthegrocerystore(雜貨店),Jennysawaplasticpearlnecklacewhichwaspricedat$2.50.Howshewantedthatnecklace,andwhensheaskedhermotherifshewouldbuyitforher,hermothersaid,"Well,itisaprettynecklace,butitcostsanawfullotofmoney.I'lltellyouwhat.I'llbuyyouthenecklace,andwhenwegethomewecanmakeupalistofchoresthatyoucandotopayforthenecklace.Anddon'tforgetthatforyourbirthday,Grandmajustmightgiveyouawholedollarbill,too.Okay?"Jennyagreedhappily,andhermotherboughtthepearlnecklaceforher.

Jennyworkedonherchoresveryhardeveryday,andsureenough,hergrandmagaveherabrandnewdollarbillforherbirthday.SoonJennyhadpaidoffthepearls.HowJennylovedthosepearls!Sheworethemeverywheretokindergarten,bedandevenwhenshewentoutwithhermothertorunerrands.

Theonlytimeshedidn'twearthemwasintheshower,becausehermotherhadtoldherthattheywouldturnherneckgreen!

Jennyhadaverylovingdaddy.WhenJennywenttobed,hewouldgetupfromhisfavoritechaireverynightandreadJennyherfavoritestory.

Onenightwhenhefinishedthestory,heaskedJenny,

"Hey,sweetie,

doyouloveme?"

"Ohyes,Daddy,youknowIloveyou,"thelittlegirlsaidwithawarmsmile.

"Well,then,givemeyourpearls."

"Oh!Daddy,notmypearls!"Jennyrefused."ButyoucanhaveRosy,myfavoritedoll.Rememberher?Yougavehertomelastyearformybirthday.Andyoucanhaveherteapartyoutfit,too.Okay?"

"Ohno,darling,that'sokay."Herfatherbrushedhercheekwithakiss."Goodnight,littleone."Paragraph1:

Aweeklater,Jenny'sfatheronceagainaskedJennythesamequestionafterherstory,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:

Anotherweeklater,whenherfathercameintoreadherastoryasusual.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A答案：13.BAC解析：1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中HighclassrestaurantstakethisdishsoseriouslythatsomeevenhavetheirownduckfarmsanduseonlyaspecialkindofduckfortheirspecificPekingDuckdish.可知,提供北京烤鴨的高級餐廳甚至有自己的農(nóng)場。故選B。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Dumplingshavea1,800yearlonghistory,whichiswhyitisoneofthemostpopulartraditionalfoodsinChinaandextremelypopularinWesterncountries.可知,因為其悠久的歷史,餃子在中國和西方國家很受歡迎。故選A。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中onecaneasilyfindthispopulardishanywhereinChina,fromhighclasshotelstofamilyrunrestaurantsonthestreet可知,蛋炒飯在不同檔次的餐館都有供應。故選C。B答案：14.DCAB解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可推知,雖然垃圾食品對健康有害,但是很多人喜歡垃圾食品。故選D。干擾項分析:"supposeddeclaration"指被誤信的聲明,故A項不對。2.推理判斷題。作者舉這個例子是為了說明前面一句話。故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Otherfoodpoems—certainlythebestones—havelayersofplexitythatareslowlyrevealed..."可知,本段介紹的是慢慢表現(xiàn)出復雜性的詩歌。HenrickIbsen的例子是為了說明這一點。故選A。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句可知,CarlosWilliams的詩歌涉及他最喜歡的食物。故選B。C答案：14.BDAC解析：1.推理判斷題。結(jié)合第一段內(nèi)容"BeijingisnostrangertoWesternfood.AmericanrestaurantslikeMcDonald'sandKFChavebroughtmoreWesterndishestothelocalfoodsceneinrecentyears.Now,twonewrestaurantshavejoinedthem."可知,本段提到麥當勞和肯德基,是為了引人話題,說明兩家新的西餐廳進入了北京當?shù)氐牟惋嬍袌觥?.細節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合題干關鍵詞TacoBell定位到文章第二段第二句"TacoBellisapopularAmericanfastfoodrestaurantthatfeaturesMexicanfood."可知,TacoBell是一家很受歡迎的美國快餐店,以墨西哥菜為特色。3.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的ThefoodisprettysimilartowhatwehadintheUnitedStates可知,ShakeShack北京餐廳里的食物和美國的很像,轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but表明二者還是有區(qū)別的,說明北京餐廳里的食物有自己的獨特之處,由此可知畫線詞意為"特別的",和special同義。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"However,therearenewmenuitemsthatarespecialtotheBeijinglocation,suchastheYangBerryFreezeandAvocadoOolongTea.(不過,有一些新的菜單單品是北京店特有的,比如冰激凌和鱷梨烏龍茶)"和第三段最后一句"ThefoodisprettysimilartowhatwehadintheUnitedStates,butthereisamilkshakeexclusivetoBeijing.(這里的食物和我們在美國吃的很相似,但有一款北京獨有的奶昔)"可知,TacoBell和ShakeShack在北京的店鋪為了適應中國人的口味,均在菜品上做了改變。D答案：14.CDAC解析：1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Despitepletefreedomtosleepduringaweekendrecoveryperiod,peopleinasleeplabwhowerelimitedtofivehoursofsleeponweekdaysgainednearlythreepoundsovertwoweeksandexperienceddisordersthatwouldincreasetheirriskfordiabetesoverthelongterm."可知,工作日睡眠少(周末補覺)的人,體重可能會增加。2.詞義猜測題。理解此詞的關鍵在于明白thosehopes指代的是第二段中的"...theyhopeturningoffthealarmonSaturdayandSundaywillrepaytheweeklysleepdebtandremoveanyilleffects."。根據(jù)本句可知,人們寄希望于通過周末補覺來彌補工作日缺失的睡眠,然而這項研究卻"打破"了人們的這種愿望。由此推測此詞意為"摧毀,打破"。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Thesehealtheffectsarelongterm.It'skindoflikesmokingoncewas—peoplewouldsmokeandwouldn'tseeanimmediateeffectontheirhealth,butpeoplewillsaynowthatsmokingisnotahealthylifestylechoice.Ithinksleeplossisintheearlystageofwheresmokingusedtobe."可知,KennethWright認為,人們對于睡眠缺失的了解現(xiàn)階段還不深,就像是吸煙一樣,得過上一段時間之后人們才會看到它的壞處。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的peopleshouldputsleepinthefirstplace—cuttingoutthe"sleepstealers"suchaswatchingtelevisionshowsorspendingtimeontheirphones可知,他建議人們縮減看電視或玩手機的時間來保證睡眠。第二節(jié)答案：EGCDB解析：本文是一篇議論文,討論了家長與教師的關系。①根據(jù)下文中提到的三個數(shù)據(jù)"95%of

teachers","Only12%"以及"77%ofnewteachers"可推測出這些數(shù)據(jù)應該是來自一項調(diào)查,故E項正確。②本段談到由于微信和電子郵件加速了信息流動,各種各樣的個人觀點和爭執(zhí)悄悄出現(xiàn)在家長會上,這導致家長和教師之間的關系變得緊張,由此使得雙方更難研究共同的目標。故選G。③本段講到每個人都認為家長會應該是愉快的、禮貌的、合作的對話,在會上家長和老師建立合作關系,故空處應繼續(xù)描述這種關系,由上文可知,家長和教師之間的關系比較緊張,結(jié)合選項可知,C項正確。④根據(jù)空后的"Theymeanwhathappensathomemattersmuchmore"的提示可知,他們的意思是學生在家的情況更重要,結(jié)合選項和語境可知,此處的They指的是Teachers,故D項"老師的意思不是說家長應該待在教室里"符合語境。⑤空前的"homediscussion,homesupervision(監(jiān)督),schoolmunication,andschoolparticipation"以及空后的"Smartparentsmayhavemorediscussionwiththeirchildrenathome"都提到了家庭討論,由此推知空處也是在講家庭討論的重要性,故選B。第二部分語言知識運用第一節(jié)答案：15.DBBCB;610.AACDB;1115.CADAC解析：1.根據(jù)第三段中的"Whenthevancametoa_________,Isteppedout"可知,當我們接近(approach)目的地的時候,有東西引起"我"的注意。2.根據(jù)空后的"itwasthehomeofapoorfamily"并結(jié)合語境可知,"我"很快意識到(realize)那是一戶貧困人家的家。3.根據(jù)下文中的"bothofaboutmyageatthetime"可知,當時那里有兩個和"我"年齡差不多的孩子。4.根據(jù)語境可知,自己作為一個小女孩,"我"尤其(especially)對那個小女孩感興趣。5.根據(jù)下文中的"Shelivedfortheday...tofillherstomach."和"Iontheotherhandwaswelllookedafter...a________future."可知,我們的生活差別(different)很大。6.根據(jù)第一段中的"Somethingorsomeonewasmovingintherubbish."可知,當時那個小女孩在垃圾堆里尋找(search)東西以填飽自己的肚子。7.根據(jù)上文可知,那個小女孩在垃圾堆里尋找食物,而"我"卻得到很好的照顧,從來不用擔心食物(food)。8.根據(jù)該空前的"Ihadagoodedu