必修

第三冊(cè)UNIT4

SPACEEXPLORATION(本欄目對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P120)目錄1每日早晚必背2課前語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)3考點(diǎn)多維突破4能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)5課時(shí)作業(yè)★每日早晚必背假定你是李華，最近你班舉行了一次班會(huì)，其主題是“太空探索的意義”。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給校報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇短文，客觀地介紹討論的具體情況并表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。內(nèi)容包括：

1.贊同者：（1）獲得新知識(shí)；（2）從太空獲得新資源；（3）發(fā)現(xiàn)適合人類居住的新地方。

2.反對(duì)者：（1）耗資巨大；（2）宇航員的安全問(wèn)題。

3.自己的觀點(diǎn)注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【佳文背誦】DearEditor，

Wehad

a

discussionoverwhetherit’snecessarytocarry

outtheouterspaceexplorationataclassmeetingtheotherday.Someofusthinkitimportanttoexploretheouterspace.First，peoplecanget

a

better

understanding

oftheouterspacethroughexploration.Second，newresourcescanbefoundinspaceforhumanstouseanditwilldiscovernewlivingplacessuitableforhumantoliveon. However，othersdon’tbelieveso.Intheiropinion，notonlydoesthiskindofexplorationcosttoomuchmoneybutit’salsoverydangerousforastronautstodosuchwork.

Inmyopinion，suchexplorationsintotheouterspaceareworthwhile.Yours，LiHua【詞匯積累】haveadiscussion討論carryout開(kāi)展getabetterunderstandingof更好地了解worthwhileadj.值得做的【句式仿寫(xiě)】1.他們想知道是否能提前完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。（whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）Theywantedtoknow

aheadoftime.

2.我們都認(rèn)為有必要舉行一個(gè)聚會(huì)來(lái)慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日。（it作形式賓語(yǔ)）Weall

forustohaveapartytocelebratethefestival.

whethertheycouldcompletetheprojectthinkitnecessary?高頻重點(diǎn)詞匯◎核心詞匯

會(huì)運(yùn)用1.

n.程序；步驟；手續(xù)

2.

adj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的

3.

vt.&vi.標(biāo)志著；標(biāo)明；發(fā)信號(hào)

n.信號(hào)；標(biāo)志4.

adv.否則；要不然

5.

prep.在更遠(yuǎn)處；超出

★課前語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)procedureintelligentsignalotherwisebeyond6.

n.資源；財(cái)力；物力

7.

vt.&n.發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市

8.

vt.回收利用；再利用

9.

n.設(shè)施；設(shè)備

10.

n.模式；圖案；模范

11.

n.（環(huán)繞地球、太陽(yáng)等運(yùn)行的）軌道；勢(shì)力范圍

vt.&vi.沿軌道運(yùn)行；環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行resourcelaunchrecyclefacility

patternorbit12.

n.監(jiān)視器；監(jiān)測(cè)儀

vt.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測(cè)；監(jiān)控13.

adj.膚淺的；淺的

monitorshallow【語(yǔ)境活用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1.Ithaspassedthroughaninteresting

（步驟）ofevolution.

2.Astheyworriedaboutthesafetyoftheirhomes，morepeopleequippedtheirhomeswith

（監(jiān)視器）.

3.Manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags，whichareeasily

（回收利用）butrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.

proceduremonitorsrecycled4.Thepolicehave

（發(fā)起）manycampaignstoreduceroadaccidentssincelastmonth.

5.He

（發(fā)信號(hào)）wildlyforhelp，butunluckily，nobodynoticed.

6.TheygottwofreeticketsforCanadaluckily，

（否則）they’dneverhaveaffordedtogo.

7.Ourprobeshave

（環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行）theplanet，sendingbackvaluabledataandstunningimages.

launchedsignalledotherwiseorbited◎拓展詞匯

能提升1.

adj.精神的；思想的→

adv.精神上；智力上；心理上

2.

adj.有限的→

v.限制→

n.限制；限度；極限

3.

n.宇宙；天地萬(wàn)物→

adj.全世界的；普遍的→

adv.普遍地；全體地

4.

vt.查明；確定；決定→

adj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的→

n.堅(jiān)定；決心

mentalmentallylimitedlimitlimitationuniverseuniversaluniversallydeterminedetermineddetermination5.

adj.足夠的；充足的→

n.足夠；充足

6.

n.地球；世界；地球儀→

adj.全球的；全面的；整體的

7.

adj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的→

adv.經(jīng)常；定期地

8.

adj.失望的；沮喪的→

vt.使失望→

adj.令人失望的；令人沮喪的→

n.失望；沮喪

9.

n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→

adj.理想的；值得做的

sufficientsufficiencyglobeglobalregularregularlydisappointeddisappointdisappointingdisappointmentdesiredesirable10.______________vt.&vi.論證；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)論→______________n.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；論點(diǎn)→____________adj.可辯論的；可論證的；無(wú)把握的；有疑問(wèn)的11.

vt.系；綁；貼→

n.喜愛(ài)；愛(ài)慕；信仰；忠誠(chéng)；附件；連接（物）→

adj.附加的；附屬的；依戀的

12.

n.缺乏；短缺vt.沒(méi)有；缺乏→

adj.不足的；缺少的；沒(méi)有的；欠缺的

argueargumentarguableattachattachmentattachedlacklacking【語(yǔ)境活用】使用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theracewasofgreatbenefittotheparticipants，physicallyand

（mental）.

2.Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunning

（regular），butthentwothingshappened.

3.Sheisa

girl，soweknowthatonceshehas

todosomething，shewillachievehergoalwithgreat

.（determine）

mentallyregularlydetermineddetermineddetermination4.Tomyparents’

，my

mathgradegreatly

myparents，andtheir

lookurgedmetostudyharderthen.（disappoint）

5.Therewasaheated

aboutwhetherhewassuitablefortheposition，andmostofthepeople

forhim.（argue）

6.Beforesendingyouremail，don’tforgettocheckthatyour

isactually

totheemail.（attach）

determinationdisappointingdisappointeddisappointedargumentarguedattachmentattached?高頻短語(yǔ)串記※單元短語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)【語(yǔ)境活用】選用所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas，withalmost28，000people

，whichwasasplendidscene.

carryon；runout；resultin；soasto；provide…for；figureout；onboard；inthehopeofonboard2.Theyhavealsodevelopedanonlinetest

findingmoresufferers.

3.LikeZhang，theypresenttheirideas

gettinginvestmentandadvice，andtheyhavethesamepassionanddevotion.

4.Thecharityaimsto

assistance

peoplewhoarelivingapoorlifeinmountainousvillages.

5.WhenSaturdayfinallyarrived，Kevinstillhadn’t__________________

whathewasgoingtodo.

inthehopeofsoastoprovideforfiguredout6.Lookingback，itwasmychildhoodloveoffantasycartoonsthat

abroaderinterestinscience.

7.Ihavelearntthattheproblemofairpollutionisuniversalandthatwewerelikelyto

ofsomenaturalresources.

8.HerbraveryhasgivenRobertthewillto

withhislifeandhiswork.

resultedin

runoutcarryon?重點(diǎn)句型仿寫(xiě)1.動(dòng)詞的-ed形式（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk，

followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.

此后，神舟六號(hào)和七號(hào)分別完成了第二次載人環(huán)繞地球飛行以及中國(guó)人的第一次太空行走，緊接著月球探測(cè)車“玉兔”也被發(fā)射到月球去研究其表面。［仿寫(xiě)］Theprofessorcamein，closely_____________________________

（緊跟著一組學(xué)生）.

followedbyagroupofstudents2.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法OlympusMons，thelargestvolcanoonMars，isabouttwiceashighasMountQomolangma.

奧林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大約是珠穆朗瑪峰的兩倍高。［仿寫(xiě)］Generallyspeaking，theplaneflew_________________________

（和……的十倍一樣高）thekite.

tentimesashighas3.動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，

famouslysaying，

“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man，onegiantleapformankind.”

八年后的1969年7月20日，美國(guó)宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，并有一句名言：“對(duì)于一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這只是一小步，但是對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)，這卻是巨大的一步?！保鄯聦?xiě)］

（聽(tīng)到這個(gè)好消息時(shí)），Maryandhersisterjumpedwithjoy.

Hearingthegoodnews?詞匯精磨1.desire

n.渴望；欲望

vt.渴望；期望【探究歸納】★考點(diǎn)多維突破【典例示范】Oursocialinstinctsincludetheintensedesiretobelong.我們的社會(huì)本能包括對(duì)歸屬的強(qiáng)烈渴望?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）TheexampleofGalileotellsusthatgreatnesscomesfromalastingdesire

（explore）.

toexplore（2）Wedesirethatimmediatehelp

（give）tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.

（3）Weallsharedacommondesire

pleasure，connection，andsomethingthatwasgreaterthanus.

（4）聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，我們非常興奮，忍不住想?yún)⑴c其中。Onhearingthenews，wewereextremelyexcitedandcouldn’tresist

it.

（should）begivenforthedesiretotakepartin/beinvolvedin2.signal

n.信號(hào)；標(biāo)志

v.發(fā)信號(hào)；標(biāo)志著；

標(biāo)明

【探究歸納】【典例示范】Assoonashesatdownatthetable，hesignalledtothewaitertobringthemenu.他一坐到桌邊，就示意服務(wù)員拿菜單來(lái)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Inonecase，amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby，

（signal）：

“Climbonme.”

signalling（2）Thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarning

（signal）thatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.

（3）Thepolice

（signal）tothedrivertostophiscarbyraisinghishand.

（4）正月十五是元宵節(jié)，標(biāo)志著春節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)的結(jié)束。TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth，

.（動(dòng)詞的-ing形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)）

signalssignalled

signallingtheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations3.lack

vt.沒(méi)有；缺乏

n.缺乏；短缺【探究歸納】【典例示范】Althoughsheisrichinknowledge，sheis

lacking

inpracticalexperience.她雖然知識(shí)豐富，但缺乏實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsanda

lack

ofexercise.健康問(wèn)題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣和缺乏鍛煉密切相關(guān)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯（1）Lack

talentandtimeisnoreasonfortakingnoaction.

（2）Though

（lack）money，hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.

（3）Later，heworkedinAfrica，wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindness

lackofpropertreatment.

oflackingfor（4）由于缺乏足夠的訓(xùn)練，我們很難在即將到來(lái)的比賽中取勝。

enoughtraining，wewillhavegreattroubleinwinningthecomingmatch（clackn.）

→

，wewillhavegreattroubleinwinningthecomingmatch.（動(dòng)詞的-ing形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)）

ForlackofLackingenoughtraining4.otherwise

adv.否則；要不然【探究歸納】【典例示范】Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber；

otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.我們不知道他的電話號(hào)碼，否則我們就給他打電話了。【即學(xué)即練】猜測(cè)黑體詞語(yǔ)的含義（1）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganised.Otherwisetheywouldhaveaccomplishedthetaskinhalfthetime.

否則（2）Myparentslentmealotofmoney.Otherwise，Icouldn’thaveaffordedthetrip.

（3）Therewassomemusicplayingupstairs.Otherwisethehousewassilent.

（4）Itisnotpermittedtosellorotherwisedistributecopiesofpastexaminationpapers.

否則；不然除此以外其他方面5.argue

vt.&

vi.論證；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)論【探究歸納】【典例示范】Becausearguingangrilyleadstochaos，itwasstronglydiscouraged.因?yàn)閼嵟臓?zhēng)吵會(huì)導(dǎo)致混亂，所以被強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Whenthishappens，theimportantthingistotrynottoletacalmdiscussionturnintoaheated

（argue）.

argument（2）Thecrowdcontinuedtoargueheatedly

thebestwaytotackletheproblem.

（3）Theyarguehim

takingexerciseonaregularbasis.

（4）我們想方設(shè)法地勸說(shuō)他接受我們的建議，但都是徒勞。Wetriedmanyways

，butinvain.（argue）

about/overintotoarguehimintofollowingouradvice6.attach

vt.系；貼；綁【探究歸納】【典例示范】Weshouldattach

importance

tochildren’smentalhealth.我們應(yīng)該重視兒童的心理健康。Forfurtherinformation，pleasecontactusontheattachedform.如需要更多信息，請(qǐng)憑附表聯(lián)系我們?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Thishospital

（attach）tothemedicalcollegenearbywasdestroyedintheflood.

attached（2）WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks，thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts，whichmightaddtothemeaningIattach

them.

（3）Whydidyouattach

（you）toonlyoneclubwhenyouwanttolearnmoreskills？

（4）這家醫(yī)院隸屬于一所大學(xué)。政府對(duì)此非常重視。Thishospital

auniversityandthegovernment

it.

toyourselfisattachedtoattachesimportanceto7.result

in導(dǎo)致；造成【探究歸納】【典例示范】Thedelayintheprojectresult

fromthelackoffunding.項(xiàng)目的延遲是由于缺乏資金引起的。As

a

result

ofthewar，morepeopleweretravellingandmovingperhapsthaneverbeforeinhistory.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果是，比歷史上任何時(shí)候都要多的人在行進(jìn)、遷徙?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Asisknowntous，positivethinkingandactionresult____________

success.

（2）AsfarasI’mconcerned，hisfailureinthecompetitionresulted

hiscasualattitude.

（3）Wehadtoputoffthesportsmeetingasaresult

theheavyrain.

infromof8.run

out

用完；耗盡【探究歸納】【典例示范】Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrun

out.這些新能源成本非常低，而且永遠(yuǎn)用不盡?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯（1）Itwasalittleblackdoganditdidn’trun

me.

after（2）Lostinthought，healmostran

thecarinfrontofhim.

（3）Iran

oneofmyoldfriendswhenIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday.

（4）他的食物很快就吃完了。→He

hisfoodsoon.

→Hisfood

soon.

intoacrossranoutofranout?句型透視1.（教材P40）Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，

famously

saying，

“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man，onegiantleapformankind.”

八年后的1969年7月20日，美國(guó)宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，并有一句名言：“對(duì)于一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這只是一小步；但是對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)，這卻是巨大的一步?！薄揪涫教釤挕勘揪渲械摹癴amouslysaying…”為動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)?！練w納拓展】語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）作伴隨狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）與邏輯主語(yǔ)即句子的主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系用法（1）動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、結(jié)果、方式、伴隨等，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要和句子主語(yǔ)保持一致，且動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）與句中的主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。（2）當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前時(shí)，要用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）的完成時(shí)havingdone。（3）作狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（短語(yǔ)）相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句?！镜淅痉丁緼ccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund，theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5，500，

givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.根據(jù)世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)的數(shù)據(jù)，全球黑犀牛的數(shù)量已降至5500頭，這使黑犀牛處于“極度瀕?！睜顟B(tài)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）

（see）thosepictures，sherememberedherchildhood.

（2）

（finish）herhomework，thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.

（3）Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory，__________

（result）inanincreaseinproduction.

SeeingHavingfinishedresulting

（4）Helayonthegrass，andstaredattheskyforalongtime.→Helayonthegrass，

foralongtime.staringatthesky2.（教材P48）OlympusMons，thelargestvolcanoonMars，isabouttwice

as

high

asMountQomolangma.

奧林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大約是珠穆朗瑪峰的兩倍高。【句式提煉】本句中的“twiceashighas”為倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。as…as意為“和……一樣”?！練w納拓展】語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象倍數(shù)表達(dá)法結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)（1）A+be+倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as+B（2）A+be+倍數(shù)+形容詞比較級(jí)/副詞比較級(jí)+than+B（3）A+be+倍數(shù)+thesize/length/height/depth/width…+of+B注意內(nèi)容表示“兩倍”時(shí)要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞+times”。有時(shí)，我們也用分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)或half等代替倍數(shù)?！镜淅痉丁縄t’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwice

as

large

aswhatitwas.據(jù)說(shuō)，該發(fā)電廠現(xiàn)在是以前的兩倍大。Intermsofgeography，thenewmega-citywillberoughlytwice

as

big

asnewJersey.從地理上來(lái)看，這座超級(jí)都市有兩個(gè)新澤西大?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes

（fast）thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.

（2）ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthecomingAsianGameswillbethreetimesthe

（high）ofthepresentone.

fasterheight（3）Asisknowntous，theearthisforty-ninetimesasbigasthemoon.→Itisknowntousthattheearthis_________________________________

themoon.

→Whatisknowntousisthattheearthis

themoon.

forty-ninetimesbiggerthanforty-ninetimesthesizeofⅠ.語(yǔ)境辨義根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出黑體詞的詞性及含義1.Undernormalconditions，theoceancurrentsofthetropicalPacifictravelfromeasttowest.

2.Allthecellsandtissuesinthebodybenefitfromtheincreasedintakeofoxygen.

3.Oneday，Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording，arecordingoflossandlove，ofthefight.

★能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)n.水流n.組織adj.附上的4.Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly，ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers.

5.Ifyousignaltosomeone，youmakeagestureorsoundinordertosendthemaparticularmessage.

6.Butnow，homesicknessisashallowstrait.Iamonthisside.Andthemainlandisontheotherside.

v.監(jiān)控v.示意；發(fā)信號(hào)adj.淺的Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.MrSmithisdetermined

（seek）hisfortuneinthedowntownarea.

2.Theyoungmanhadastrongdesire

（earn）alivingbyhimselfsoonafterhegraduated.

3.Theprincehadhisservantattachajadeaccessory

hisrobe（禮袍）carefully.

4.Itwaswiseofhimtoadmitwhathehaddoneotherwisehe_____________

（get）intoseriesoftrouble.toseek

toearntowouldhavegot5.Artificial

hasbeenusedinphones，whichmakesthemseemtobemore

.（intelligent）

6.Sincethecountrybecame

in1842，ithasplayedanimportantrole

.Gonearethedayswhenit

onothersforeverything.（depend）

7.Aperson’slifeis

butknowledgeis

.（limit）

8.Unsatisfiedwiththeresultsofthe

，theresearchers

thedataagain.（analyse）

Intelligenceintelligentindependentindependentlydependedlimitedlimitlessanalysisanalysed9.A

illnessconfinedhimtobedforoveramonthanddoctorscouldn’tsolvethe

oftheillness.（mystery）

10.Heishealthy

andphysically.Thatistosay，hehas

andphysicalhealth.（mental）

mysteriousmysterymentallymentalⅢ.選詞填空用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，并背誦該短文。（黑體詞匯為本單元詞匯）soasto；figureout；asaresult；inclosing；carryon；forlackof；floataround；bedeterminedto；onboard；providefor Mankindhasmanagedtocreatefacilitiesandvehiclestocarryastronautsintotheuniverse.Theylaunch

rocketscarryingsatellites.Manyintelligentpeoplearoundtheglobe

1.

devotethemselvestospaceexploration，eventhoughsomefatalspacedisasterswhichkilledastronauts2.

makethemdisappointed.Besides，whenlivinginspace，theastronautshavetorecycledirtywater3.

useitlater.4.

gravity，theirmusclesbecomeweak.Theyhavetotapeeverythingup，otherwisetheywould5.

.Theyalsoneedto6.

awaytostoresufficientfoodandoxygen，butpeople’saredeterminedtoonboardsoastoForlackoffloataroundfigureoutdesiretoexplorespaceneverdies.Chinaisthethirdcountrytosendhumansintospaceindependently.Thissignalsagiant

leapforwardforChina.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonspaceexploration，whichisashallowview.Ourplanet’sresourcesarelimited，and7.

，weshouldfindanewhometo8.

theeverincreasingpopulation.9.

，weattachgreatimportancetosolvingthemysteryaboutspaceandwill10.

withspaceexplorationregularly.

asaresultprovideforInclosingcarryonⅣ.微寫(xiě)作根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示并運(yùn)用本單元的詞匯和語(yǔ)法寫(xiě)一段話雖然我們對(duì)火星有一些了解，但仍然缺乏足夠的知識(shí)。地球是火星的六倍大。火星上幾乎沒(méi)有氧氣，這可能導(dǎo)致那里不可能存在生命。更重要的是，它可能中午50度左右，但晚上下降到零下100度，這阻止了我們居住在那里。既然火星與地球有很大的不同，如果我們計(jì)劃有一天去火星，我們應(yīng)該為自己提供充足的氧氣、食物、衣服和住所?！敬鸢浮縊nepossibleversion：HavingknownalittleaboutMars，westilllackenoughknowledgeaboutit.EarthissixtimesthesizeofMars.ThereisalmostnooxygenonMars，whichcanresultinthefactthatnolifecanexistthere.What’smore，itmightbeabout50degreesabovezeroatnoonbut100degreesbelowzeroatnight，

whichpreventsusfromlivingthere.NowthatMarsisquitedifferentfromEarth，ifweplantogotoMarsoneday，weshouldprovideourselveswithenoughoxygen，food，clothingandshelter.（本欄目對(duì)應(yīng)課時(shí)作業(yè)P484）Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWang

Zhenyi（1768-1797）

Bornatatimewhengirlswerepreventedfromgettingaformaleducation，WangZhenyigotencouragedfromherfathertoreadbooksincludingworksonastronomy，mathematics，geography，medicine，aswellaspoetry.Sheconductedexperimentsathome，inoneofwhichsheusedaroundtableastheEarth，alampastheSun，andamirrorastheMoontounderstandtheirmotionsandfinallyrevealedthemysteryoflunareclipse（月食）.Wangoftenexpressedinherpoetryinequalitiesinsocietyandfoughtfortherightsofwomen.Jocelyn

Burnell（1943-）

JocelynBurnellwasborninNorthenIreland，whosefatherPhilipwasanarchitect.In1965，BurnellbeganhergraduatestudiesinphysicsatCambridgeUniversity，buildingatelescopetolookforradiosignalsfromspace.Later，shefoundsignalsfromspaceandwasthefirsttoconfirmtheexistenceofneutronstars（中子星）.In1974，shemissedoutonthewinningofaNobelPrizeforthisdiscovery.Butin2018，shewonaBreakthroughPrizeforit.Mercedes

Richards（1955-2016）

MercedesRichardsgrewupinthecapitalofJamaica.At11，sheknewshewantedtobeanastronomer.Herfather，whowasapolicedetective，taughthertheskillsofobservationandinference，whilehermother，anaccountant，taughthertheimportanceofprecision.RichardsstudiedastronomyatYorkUniversityandtheUniversityofToronto，andinvestigatedbinarystar（雙星）systemstodeterminehowgasflowsbetweenthepairedstarstocreateenormousexplosionofenergycallednovae（新星）.1.Whofirstdiscoveredtheexistenceofneutronstars？A.WangZhenyi.B.JocelynBurnell.C.PhilipBurnell.D.MercedesRichards.√1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JocelynBurnell（1943-）部分中的“…wasthefirsttoconfirmtheexistenceofneutronstars（中子星）.”可知，JocelynBurnell是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)了中子星的存在的。故選B項(xiàng)。2.WhatisspecialaboutWangZhenyi？A.Shewaswell-educatedbyherfamily.B.Shemadethefirstdiscoveryofanewstar.C.Shewasfacedwithgenderdiscrimination.D.Shewasafemalepioneerinthefieldofastronomy.√2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)WangZhenyi（1768-1797）部分中的“Bornatatimewhengirlswerepreventedfromgettingaformaleducation，WangZhenyi…”可知，在王貞儀成長(zhǎng)的時(shí)代，社會(huì)普遍認(rèn)為女孩不該受教育。由此推知，王貞儀面臨著性別歧視。故選C項(xiàng)。3.Whichcolumnisthepassageprobablyfrom？A.ScienceNews.B.HerStoryFiles.C.TourofWorld.D.LiteratureAppreciation.√3.文章來(lái)源題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Bornatatime…WangZhenyi…”、第二段中的“In1965，BurnellbeganhergraduatestudiesinphysicsatCambridgeUniversity”以及第三段中的“MercedesRichardsgrewup…”可知，本文主要介紹了三位杰出的女天文學(xué)家從小接受教育，學(xué)習(xí)天文知識(shí)并最終對(duì)天文學(xué)研究做出了突出貢獻(xiàn)的勵(lì)志故事，凸顯了女性力量，所以本文應(yīng)出自女性故事專欄（HerStoryFiles）。故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?/p>

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三位杰出的女天文學(xué)家：中國(guó)的王貞儀、北愛(ài)爾蘭的Jocelyn

Burnell以及牙買(mǎi)加的Mercedes

Richards的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷、教育背景和杰出貢獻(xiàn)。B

（2024—2025學(xué)年江蘇省南通市高三上學(xué)期期中考）Earthisabouttogainanew“mini-moon”，butitwon’tstayaroundforlong.Thenewlydiscoveredasteroid（行星）named2024PT5，willtemporarilybecapturedbyEarth’sgravityandorbitourworldfromSeptember29toNovember25，accordingtoastronomers.Then，thespacerockwillreturntoaheliocentricorbit，whichisanorbitaroundthesun.“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet（11meters）indiameter（直徑），butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize，”saidleadstudyauthorCarlos. Thespacerockcouldbeanywherebetween16and138feetindiameter，potentiallylargerthantheasteroidthatenteredEarth’satmosphereoverChelyabinsk，Russia，in2013.About55to65feetinsize，theChelyabinskasteroidexplodedintheair，releasing20to30timesmoreenergythanthatoftheatomicbombdroppedonHiroshima，Japan，andgeneratingbrightnessgreaterthanthesun. Butasamini-moon，Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarthnoworoverthenextfewdecades.Thespacerockwillorbitabout2.6millionmilesaway，orabout10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon. “WhetheranasteroidgetscapturedbyEarthisindependentofitssizeormass，itonlydependsonitsspeedandtrajectory（軌跡）asitapproachestheEarth-Moonsystem，”saidRobert，aspecialistonsolarsystembodies.“Atanygiventime，thereisapproximatelyonemini-moonintheEarth-Moonsystem，roughlythesizeofadishwasher，buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.” Mini-moonscanalsobeasteroidsthatcomefromthemainasteroidbelt，locatedbetweenMarsandJupiter，ortheymaybepiecesofthelunarsurfacelaunchedbyasteroidimpactsmillionsofyearsago.Carlosandhiscolleaguesplantoobserve2024PT5tocollectmoredataanddetails.“Determiningwheretheycomefromcouldhelpusunderstandtheprocessofcrater（坑）formationandhowmaterialisforcedoutfromtheMoon’ssurface，”hesaid.4.Whatcanwelearnfrom2024PT5？A.Theasteroidwillbecapturedbygravityforlong.B.Theasteroid’saccuratesizehasyettobeconfirmed.C.2024PT5hasenteredEarth’satmosphereoverRussia.D.2024PT5willstayaroundtheearthforabout3months.√4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Carlos所說(shuō)的“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet（11metres）indiameter（直徑），butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize…”可知，小行星2024PT5的確切大小還有待確認(rèn)。故選B項(xiàng)。5.Whydoes2024PT5causenoharmtotheearth？A.Itlackstheenergytodestroytheearth.B.Itisactivelymonitoredbythespecialists.C.ItissmallerthantheChelyabinskasteroid.D.Itstrajectoryavoidscollidingwiththeearth.√5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butasamini-moon，Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarth…about10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon.”可知，小行星2024PT5之所以不會(huì)對(duì)地球造成傷害，是因?yàn)樗能壍辣苊饬伺c地球相撞。故選D項(xiàng)。6.WhichofthefollowingdoesRobertagreewith？A.Manymini-moonsalwaysexistintheEarth-Moonsystem.B.Mini-moonsaredetectableduetotheirdishwashersize.C.Detectionofmini-moonsboundtotheearthischallenging.D.Captureofanasteroidenjoysindependenceofspeed.√6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Robert所說(shuō)的“…buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.”可知，Robert指出地月系統(tǒng)中的小行星體積小，很難被探測(cè)到，大多數(shù)都沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此推知，Robert認(rèn)為探測(cè)與地球綁定的小行星的工作是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選C項(xiàng)。7.WhydoesCarlosplantoobserve2024PT5？A.Tocollectpiecesofthelunarsurface.B.Toobservemini-moonsintheasteroidbelt.C.Toperceivetheprocessofcraterformation.D.TounderstandasteroidimpactsonMoon’ssurface.√7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Carlos所說(shuō)的“Determiningwheret