學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精語(yǔ)法·剖析原因的表達(dá)形式在本模塊和以往的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，我們見(jiàn)到不少表達(dá)原因的形式。例如:Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood。Menciusresignedbecausetherulerwasnotfollowinghisadvice。.。.那么，我們從下面的解析中,更多地了解原因的表達(dá)形式：1)固定句型thereasonfor。。.，例如:Oneofthereasonsforgoingtobigcitiestomakefortune。到大城市去的原因之一是去發(fā)財(cái)?shù)摹?）固定句型thereasonwhy..。bethat.。.，例如:ThereasonwhyIlikedreadingaboutancientChinaisthatthephilosophyisveryinteresting.我為什么喜歡閱讀有關(guān)古代中國(guó)的哲學(xué)是因?yàn)檎軐W(xué)非常有趣。3)由because,since，as，nowthat引導(dǎo)。從句中如果用了as，since，because，主句不可再用then，so,therefore等詞。例如：Nowthatyouareintheseniormiddleschool，you’llprobablyspendmoretimeinreading。既然你讀到了高中，你會(huì)花很多時(shí)間在閱讀方面.4)短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。這些短語(yǔ)有：forfear恐怕;incase萬(wàn)一；seeingthat既然;consideringthat要知道；nowthat既然；forthesimplereason以為限制性定語(yǔ)從句 用作定語(yǔ)的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句通常置于它所修飾的名詞（或代詞）之后，這種名詞（或代詞）被稱(chēng)作先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞被稱(chēng)為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。一、關(guān)系代詞1.關(guān)系代詞的一般用法列表如下：關(guān)系代詞指代在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋锞渥又髡Z(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)who√√√whom√√which√√√√that√√√√whose√√√as√√√√例如：Themanwhowashereyesterdayisapainter。(who作主語(yǔ))ThemanwhoIsawiscalledSmith。（who作賓語(yǔ)，亦可省略)Aletterthatiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread。（that作主語(yǔ),指物）Ishethemanthatsellseggs？(that作主語(yǔ),指人)Wetoldhimtoconsultthedoctor，whoseadvicehetook.(whose作定語(yǔ)）Thetwopolicemenwerecompletelytrusted，whichinfact，theywere。（which作表語(yǔ))Ihavethatwhichyougaveme.(which作賓語(yǔ)）Thisisthebookwhichhasbeenretranslatedintomanylanguages。（which作主語(yǔ)）2。who/whom與that的區(qū)別:指人時(shí)，在下列情況下一般選用who或whom：（1）當(dāng)先行詞為those，one，anyone，nobody等不定代詞時(shí)。例如：TheonewhoknowsmewellisTom.（2)在分隔型定語(yǔ)從句中，先行詞代指人時(shí)。例如：AnewmasterwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.(3)先行詞為therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)時(shí).例如:Thereisamanwhowantstoseeyou。（4）當(dāng)先行詞是泛指代詞he，they或指示代詞those等時(shí)，常用who或whom.例如:Wearebadlyinneedofthosewhocanworkinrealearnest.（5）有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中,第一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞用that的話(huà)，第二個(gè)應(yīng)用who以免重復(fù)。3.which/that區(qū)別:代指物時(shí)，一般可以互換,在下列情況下常選用that：(1)先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞及all，every，no，some,any，little，much，theonly,thevery，thelast等修飾詞語(yǔ)時(shí).例如：Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme。（2）先行詞為all,few，nothing，everything,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)。例如：Hedidall（that）hecouldtohelpus.（3)先行詞既表人又表物或者既表時(shí)間又表地點(diǎn)時(shí)。例如:Hetalkedabouttheteachersandtheschoolsthathehadvisited.(4)當(dāng)主句主語(yǔ)是以who或which開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。例如:Whoisthemanthatcalledonyoujustnow？4.as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),用于such(...）as，thesame(。。.)as和asmany/much...as結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：Suchbookasyouboughtareuseless.5。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，但作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不可。6。定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要與先行詞保持一致。但是如先行詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞且被theoneof，theonlyoneof，theveryoneof，therightoneof或justtheoneof修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果只是oneof修飾，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Heisoneofthosestudentswhoneverfinishworkontime.Youhavebeentheonlyoneofthepersonswhohasreallyinfluencedme.二、關(guān)系副詞1。關(guān)系副詞的一般用法列表如下:關(guān)系副詞指代先行詞所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謜hen時(shí)間時(shí)間名詞狀語(yǔ)where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)名詞狀語(yǔ)why原因reason狀語(yǔ)We’llneverforgetthedaywhenthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded。我們決不會(huì)忘記中華人民共和國(guó)誕生的那一天。Theofficewhereheworksisonthesecondfloor.他工作的辦公室在二樓.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomewasnotmadeclear.他沒(méi)有來(lái)的原因沒(méi)有表明。2。時(shí)間名詞、地點(diǎn)名詞和reason后的定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞如果充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)則從句分別用when,where和why引導(dǎo);如果是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則用that或which引導(dǎo)其從句。例如:I’llneverforgetthedaythatIspentinthecountry.（that作賓語(yǔ)）Theyworkedinafactorythatmakesradioparts.(that作主語(yǔ))Thereasonthathegavemewhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingisthathewasbadlyill.（that作賓語(yǔ)）3.where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句與引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于其前面有沒(méi)有先行詞。前面有先行詞則是定語(yǔ)從句，無(wú)先行詞則是狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：Wewillbeshownaroundtheci