專題四高頻考點詞類3形容詞和副詞2025高考英語大二輪語言運用篇完形填空和語法填空題四語法填空高頻考點詞類3形容詞和副詞明考向巧解題對于形容詞、副詞往往考查動詞或名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~、形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~、形容詞變?yōu)楸容^級或者最高級；副詞變?yōu)楸容^級或者最高級的考頻較低。1.若提示詞作表語，或修飾后面的名詞，一般填形容詞形式。2.若提示詞對整個句子或?qū)ζ淝?、后的動詞、形容詞起修飾作用，一般填副詞形式。3.形容詞/副詞的比較等級(1)比較級：much/even/far/alittle/abit/alot＋比較級＋than(2)最高級：the＋最高級＋in/of/among...如何判斷形容詞典例剖析語境猜詞：①encase(派)＝en＋casev．包裝；包住語境猜詞：②commoner(派)＝common＋ern．平民eq\x(答案1.functional2.closed3.tasty4.spacious5.Different6.remarkable7.harmful)技法歸納溫馨提示名詞、動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的后綴后綴例詞-ableaccept→acceptable可接受的reason→reasonable合乎情理的-alorigin→original最初的nature→natural自然的；天生的-fuldoubt→doubtful懷疑的forget→forgetful健忘的-edscare→scared感到恐懼的confuse→confused感到困惑的-ingsurprise→surprising令人吃驚的convince→convincing令人信服的-ibleaccess→accessible可進(jìn)入的horror→horrible討厭的；恐怖的-iveattract→attractive有吸引力的impress→impressive給人深刻印象的-ouscontinue→continuous不斷的；持續(xù)的anxiety→anxious憂慮的caution→cautious小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的curiosity→curious好奇的-sometire→tiresome令人厭煩的trouble→troublesome引起麻煩的-ytaste→tasty美味的；可口的wealth→wealthy富裕的；富有的-erneast→eastern東方的；向東的-ishchild→childish孩子氣的self→selfish自私的即時演練1．(2024·江蘇南京一模)Throughtheinitiative，Chinaisworkinghardtocreateamoreprosperous(繁榮的)and____________(harmony)countryside，providingitsruralresidentswithbetteropportunitiesandanimprovedqualityoflife.答案harmonious解析考查形容詞。此處修飾名詞countryside，應(yīng)用形容詞harmonious“和諧的”，作定語。故填harmonious。2．(2024·廣東廣州一模)Theaimistokeepthebuilding’stemperature____________(comfort)inallseasons，usingonlynaturalairflow.答案comfortable解析考查形容詞。此處作賓補(bǔ)，表示“舒適的”應(yīng)用形容詞comfortable。故填comfortable。3．(2024·湖北襄陽三模)____________(effect)community-drivenconservationstrategiesareinstrumentalinpreventingfurtherecologicalloss.答案Effective解析考查形容詞?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~作定語，修飾“community-drivenconservationstrategies”，結(jié)合句意可知空格處應(yīng)表示“有效的”，故用effective，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Effective。4．(2024·山東日照二模)“Ifindittobeacomplexand____________(benefit)methodthatisinagreementwiththegoaloflivinginharmony，”shesaid.答案beneficial解析考查形容詞。修飾名詞method應(yīng)用形容詞beneficial，作定語。故填beneficial。如何判斷副詞典例剖析eq\x(答案1.rarely2.originally3.Basically)溫馨提示形容詞→副詞的構(gòu)詞法規(guī)則例詞以-e結(jié)尾的形容詞一般不去e，直接加-lylate→lately最近rare→rarely很少bare→barely幾乎不immediate→immediately立即；馬上brave→bravely勇敢地以-al結(jié)尾的形容詞，直接加-lytypical→typically通常eventual→eventually最后occasional→occasionally偶爾normal→normally通常gradual→gradually逐步地general→generally通常especial→especially尤其equal→equally同樣地actual→actually事實上“輔音字母＋-y”結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i，再加-lyhappy→happily高興地easy→easily容易地heavy→heavily沉重地busy→busily繁忙地steady→steadily穩(wěn)定地“輔音字母＋-le”結(jié)尾的形容詞，去e加-ysimple→simply僅僅gentle→gently溫柔地comfortable→comfortably舒適地possible→possibly可能reasonable→reasonably合理地probable→probably可能reliable→reliably可靠地flexible→flexibly靈活地horrible→horribly可怕地terrible→terribly非常以-ll結(jié)尾的形容詞，只加-yfull→fully完全地dull→dully沉悶地以-ic結(jié)尾的形容詞，加-allybasic→basically基本上scientific→scientifically合乎科學(xué)地automatic→automatically自動地economic→economically經(jīng)濟(jì)上特殊變化whole→wholly完全地shy→shyly羞怯地good→well好public→publicly公開地true→truly真正地即時演練1．(2024·河北二模)Butasthesunrisesatopthegoldendunes(沙丘)andpaintsa____________(true)picturesquescene，allyoureffortspayoff.答案truly解析考查副詞。提示詞修飾形容詞picturesque，應(yīng)用副詞truly作狀語，意為“真正地”。故填truly。2．(2024·廣東湛江二模)Nostructureisassymbolicallysignificantor____________(cultural)importanttoChinaastheGreatWall.答案culturally解析考查副詞。分析句子可知，此處修飾形容詞important，要用副詞作狀語。故填culturally。3．(2024·河南鄭州三模)IntheUS，schoolsusuallyholdactivitiesrelatedtopie，suchaspie-eatingcontestsor____________(simple)throwingpiestowardeachother.答案simply解析考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動詞throwing，應(yīng)用副詞simply作狀語。故填simply。4．(2024·湖南岳陽三模)DuringtheMingDynasty，deeplypleatedversionsoftheskirtwere____________(extreme)popular.答案extremely解析考查副詞。設(shè)空處作狀語，用副詞extremely修飾形容詞popular。故填extremely。5．(2024·河南三門峽一模)Lepchamusicis________(primary)oralandperformedinacall-and-responsefashion.答案primarily解析考查副詞。修飾整個句子應(yīng)用副詞primarily，故填primarily。6．(2024·浙江臺州二模)“Afigurinecouldcost____________(basic)theannualsalaryofmanypeopleatthetimeduetopreciousmaterialsandcomplicatedhandicrafttechniques，”Tangsaid.答案basically解析考查副詞?？仗幮揎椏涨暗膭釉~，應(yīng)該用副詞作狀語。故填basically。如何判斷形容詞(副詞)的比較級和最高級形式典例剖析eq\x(答案1.largest2.simpler/moresimple3.hotter)技法歸納即時演練1．(2024·山東模擬)Infact，the____________(early)chopstickswereinventedmorethan3,000yearsago，datingbacktotheShangDynasty.答案earliest解析考查形容詞最高級。修飾名詞chopsticks需用形容詞作定語，根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合空前的定冠詞the可知，此處表示“最早的”筷子，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級。故填earliest。2．(2024·福建三明三模)Niehastakenitastepfurtherashetriestomaketherepaireditemslookeven____________(good)．答案better解析考查形容詞比較級。句意：聶更進(jìn)一步，他嘗試讓修復(fù)后的物品看起來甚至更好。根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合空前的even可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級。故填better。3．(2024·安徽合肥三模)Whilethekindofancientanimalwasfirstidentifiedin2003，thelatestdiscoveryismuch____________(complete)andallowstheresearcherstostudythestrange，prehistoriccreatureinfullforthefirsttime.答案morecomplete解析考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)空前的much及上下文意思可知，此處應(yīng)用所給形容詞的比較級。故填morecomplete。4．(2024·四川成都三模)“Interestingly，Beethoven，oneofthe____________(well-known)musiciansinhistory，hadanunremarkablescoreforgeneralmusicality—rankingaroundthetop10%ofpeoplebasedonmodernsamples，”saidTaraHenechowiczfromtheteam.答案best-known解析考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)空前的oneofthe和空后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞musicians以及下文“inhistory”可知，此處為“oneofthe＋形容詞最高級＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“最……的……之一”。故填best-known。高頻考點詞類4名詞明考向巧解題高考語法填空對于名詞的考查主要是動詞、形容詞變?yōu)槊~，名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)、名詞的所有格1.判斷填名詞的依據(jù)若空格前有冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞，則應(yīng)考慮填名詞；若空格在謂語動詞前作主語，或在及物動詞/介詞后作賓語，也需要考慮填名詞。2.名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)若提示詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，分析句子成分仍用名詞，則考慮名詞復(fù)數(shù)；空前有數(shù)詞、these、those、several、all、both、various等修飾可數(shù)名詞或空前有oneof時用名詞復(fù)數(shù)；謂語動詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，則作主語的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3.名詞的所有格若提示詞和其后的名詞之間是所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)考慮名詞所有格：單數(shù)名詞和不以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞通常在詞尾加’s；以-s或-es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞通常在詞尾加’。如何判斷名詞典例剖析語境猜詞：①house(轉(zhuǎn))n.→v.收藏，安置語境猜詞：②weighty(派)＝weight＋yadj.嚴(yán)重的eq\x(答案1.pletion5.arrival6.warning)溫馨提示動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞的后綴后綴例詞-tion/-sioncelebrate→celebration慶祝；慶?；顒觕onclude→conclusion結(jié)論；結(jié)束admit→admission承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入-er/-orannounce→announcer廣播員conduct→conductor指揮；售票員-mentachieve→achievement功績；成就argue→argument辯論；論據(jù)(注意去掉e)-ance/-enceappear→appearance出現(xiàn)；外貌exist→existence存在；生活方式prefer→preference偏愛-urefail→failure失敗；倒閉press→pressure壓力-inghear→hearing聽力；聽覺begin→beginning開端-yrecover→recovery恢復(fù)；痊愈discover→discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)其他choose→choice選擇vary→variety多樣化；種類tend→tendency趨向；趨勢形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞的后綴后綴例詞-ageshort→shortage不足；短缺-cyefficient→efficiency效率；功效fluent→fluency流利；流暢accurate→accuracy準(zhǔn)確性private→privacy隱私；私密-domfree→freedom自由wise→wisdom明智；智慧-cedifferent→difference差異silent→silence沉默-nessweak→weakness虛弱；弱點kind→kindness仁慈careless→carelessness粗心大意-thwarm→warmth溫暖wide→width寬度-tysafe→safety安全cruel→cruelty殘忍，殘酷honest→honesty誠實difficult→difficulty困難即時演練1．(2024·湖北二模)In____________(recognize)ofhiscontributions，SpearwasgiventheGreatWallFriendshipAward.答案recognition解析考查名詞。介詞In后用recognition作賓語，構(gòu)成固定短語inrecognitionof“為了表彰/認(rèn)可……”。故填recognition。2．(2024·山東濟(jì)南一模)Later，healsoproducedteachingvideos，publishedbooks，andreleasedalbums，significantlyboostingtheinstrument’s____________(popular)．答案popularity解析考查名詞。分析句子可知，空處作boosting的賓語，且被定冠詞the和名詞所有格instrument’s修飾，應(yīng)用名詞，popular的名詞形式popularity是不可數(shù)名詞。故填popularity。3．(2024·山東濟(jì)寧二模)TheNanjingHongshanForestZoo，oncestrugglingtosustainits____________(survive)，hasundergonearemarkableturnaround.答案survival解析考查名詞。分析句子可知，空處作動詞sustain的賓語，且空前有形容詞性物主代詞its，所以空格處應(yīng)該填survive的名詞形式survival，不可數(shù)。故填survival。4．(2024·安徽池州二模)Thesaying“AllroadsleadtoXianyang”maynotbewidelyknown，butitisthe____________(true)inhistory.答案truth解析考查名詞。前面有定冠詞the，所以用名詞truth作表語，為不可數(shù)名詞，故填truth。5．(2024·福建福州三模)Theawardsnotonlyattractpublicattentionandgivescientificresearchmore____________(expose)．答案exposure解析考查名詞。本空作動詞give的直接賓語，應(yīng)用名詞exposure，不可數(shù)。故填exposure。6．(2024·陜西寶雞三模)Asthetea____________(distribute)andtradecenteroftheancientTeaHorseRoad，Pu’erCityisrecognizedastheoriginoftherenownedPu’erteaandteaculture.答案distribution解析考查名詞。根據(jù)連詞and可知，空處與名詞trade是并列關(guān)系，作定語修飾名詞center，用名詞形式distribution；distributionandtradecenter“集散和貿(mào)易中心”。故填distribution。如何判斷名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式典例剖析eq\x(答案1.erviews3.events4.humans5.ideas)技法歸納即時演練1．(2024·浙江臺州二模)Shemademanycreativeandbold____________(adaptation)tothetraditionalfigurines，likeusingmachinestopainttheclothes.答案adaptations解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)?？仗幾鱩ade的賓語，adaptation在此意為“改編本”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前文的many可知，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填adaptations。2．(2024·江蘇二模)AncientChinese____________(philosophy)havebeenexpressedintraditionalChinesefurniture.答案philosophies解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。本句缺少主語，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作主語，根據(jù)后文的have可知，主語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填philosophies。3．(2024·河南濮陽二模)Foragroupbirthdaypartythisyear，WongandherfriendsdecidedtodressupintheancientChineseclothesandgettheir____________(photo)taken.答案photos解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。photo“照片”為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前面的代詞their可知，此處需用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指。故填photos。4．(2024·湖南永州三模)ThoseinDazhaiareimportant____________(representative)ofLongjiterracing，awell-knowntypeofterracethatcanbefoundalloverthecounty.答案representatives解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處作表語，主語Those是復(fù)數(shù)，故應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填representatives。5．(2024·山東日照二模)Fromcuppingtopersonalizedherbaltreatment，sheencouragesotherstoexplorethediverseanduseful____________(approach)thatChinesetraditionalmedicinehastooffer.答案approaches解析考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)