2024—2025學(xué)年江蘇省南京市南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解(★★★)It’stheseasonforfriends,familyandcheeseholidaymovies.Whetheryou’reafanofChristmasclassicsorpreferstreamableandmade-for-TVspecials,there’salwaysareasonholidaymoviesaresopopular—eventhemostpredictable.“Infact,thisiswhatkeepsuscomingback.Youwouldalmostbedisappointediftheyweren’talittlepredictable,”saysDr.PamelaRutledge,amediapsychologist.“It’snotlikethere’sgoingtobeaheart-stoppingsurprisewaitingtocatchyouoffguard.”Andwhiletheplotofacitygirlmeetingahometownguyisoverused,Rutledgesaystheseromanticholidaymoviessatisfyourinnerdesireforsocialconnectionandprovideourbrainwiththeconfidencetoanticipatesomethingandhavethatbethecase.Theholidayseasonitselfcanbestressful,makingthesemoviesaneasygo-toforrelaxationduringabusytimeofyear.“Thesemoviescanactas‘cinematherapy,’whenyoucanrelaxwithyourfriends,”saysAllisonEden,associateprofessorofcommunicationatMichiganState.“Youdon’thavetoworktoohardtoenjoyit.They’rejustgentlecomforting,feel-goodmoviesthatcanreallyhelp,especiallyduringtimesofstress.”Themoststressedyou’llfeelduringmostholidaymovies?Asilly,low-conflictmisunderstandingbetweenloveintereststhatyouknowwillberesolvedbytheend.“Thebrainrespondstothatwholejourneywithboththedopamine(多巴胺)ofrewardofhavingitturnoutlikeyouwantedto,butalsotheoxytocin(催產(chǎn)素)releasewhenyou’retalkingaboutfeelingsofwarmthandconnectionandlove.Sosortofawin-win,”Rutledgesays.Ifyouthinkyoucanfindthesamewin-wininotherformsofmedia,itmaybeharderthanyouthink.Peopleoftenusesocialmediaasawaytoescape,forexample,butit’snotalwaysthepick-me-upyoumaybelookingfor.Withsocialmedia,youreallyneverknowwhatyou’regoingtocomeupagainst.1.Whatcontributemosttothepopularityofholidaymovies?

A．Predictableplots.B．Appealingthemes.C．Unexpectedendings.D．Romanticelements.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“cinematherapy”inparagraph3referto?

A．Acallforeasywork.B．Aformofstressrelief.C．Achancetoenjoymovies.D．Awaytodevelopfriendship.3.WhydoesRutledgeviewholidaymoviesassortofawin-win?

A．Theyenhanceourbrainfunction.B．Theyprovideacomfortingescape.C．Theyofferemotionalsatisfaction.D．Theyassistinresolvinglowconflicts.4.Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A．Tocallonpeopletowatchholidaymovies.B．Tointroducethefeaturesofholidaymovies.C．Toexplainwhyyourbrainlovesholidaymovies.D．Tocompareholidaymovieswithotherformsofmedia.(★★★)Oneofthecuriousthingsaboutsocialnetworksisthewaythatsomemessages,pictures,orideascanspreadlikewildfirewhileothersthatseemjustascatchyorinterestingreceivelessattention.Beforeyougodeepintothepuzzle,considerthis:Ifyoumeasuretheheightofyourmalefriends,forexample,theaverageisabout170centimeters.Youare172andyourfriendsareallaboutthesameheightasyouare.Indeed,themathematicalconceptof“average”isagoodwaytounderstandthenatureofthisdataset.Butimaginethatoneofyourfriendswasmuchtallerthanyou.Thispersonwoulddramaticallyskewtheaverage,whichwouldmakeyourfriendstallerthanyou,onaverage.Inthiscase,the“average”isapoorwaytocapturethisdataset.NowLermanfromUniversityof,SouthernCaliforniahasdiscoveredarelatedparadox(悖論),whichtheycallthemajorityillusionTheyexplainthisillusionwithatheoreticalexample,wheretheytake14nodes(節(jié)點(diǎn))linkeduptoformeachnetwork,thencolorthreeofthesenodesandcounthowmanyoftheremainingnodeslinktotheminasinglestep.Twoversionsofthissetupareshownabove.Intheleft-handversion,theuncolorednodesseemorethanhalfoftheirneighborsascolored.Intheright-handversion,thisisnottrueforanyoftheuncolorednodes.Buthere’sthething:thestructureofthenetworkisthesameinbothcases.Theonlythingthatchangesisthenodesthatarecolored.Thisisthemajorityillusion—thelocalfeelingthataspecificfeatureiscommonwhentheglobaltruthiscompletelydifferent.Sohowpopularisitintherealworld?It’sfoundoutthatthemajorityillusionappearsinalmostallnetworkscenarios(情景).“Theeffectislargestinthepoliticalblogsnetwork,where60%ofnodeswillhavemajorityactiveneighbors,evenwhenonly20%ofthenodesaretrulyactive,”saysLerman.Itimmediatelyexplainsmanyinterestingphenomena.Forastart,itshowshowsomecontentcanspreadgloballywhileothersimilarcontentdoesnot—thekeyistostartwithasmallnumberofwell-connectedearlyadoptersfoolingtherestofthenetworkintothinkingitiscommon.Theaffectednodesthenfinditnaturaltofollowthetrend.Arealspreadfinallycomesintobeing.Asformarketers,theymustfirstrecognizethepopularnodesthatcancreatethemajorityillusionforthetargetaudience.Theseinfluencersmustthenbepersuadedtoadoptthedesiredbehaviororproduct,whichisextremelyimportanttothesuccessofthemarketingplan.5.Thephrase“skewtheaverage”mostprobablyreferstotheactionof_________.

A．ignoringtherealaverageB．workingouttheaverageC．changingtherealaverageD．cuttingdowntheaverage6.WhatcanwelearnaboutthetwoversionsofthesetupinLerman’stheoreticalexample?

A．Thenodeschosentobecoloredaredifferent.B．Thetwonetworksdon’tsharethesamestructure.C．Uncolorednodesarelinkedtoacolorednodeinasinglestep.D．Uncolorednodesseemorethanhalfoftheirneighborsascolored.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutspreadingcontentonthesocialmedia?

A．Themajorityillusionrarelyhasimpactsexceptinpoliticalblogsfield.B．Themajorityillusiononsocialnetworksreliesonpeoplefollowingyou.C．Globalopinionspreadstartswiththetrendledbywell-connectedadopters.D．Thepopularityofideasonnetworksmainlydependsonthequalityofcontent.8.Whatismostprobablythetitleofthepassage?

A．Howdoessocialnetworkvisiontrickyourmind?B．Majoritynetworkopinionspread,curseorblessing?C．Haveyoubeenmisledduringthelastpoliticalvoting?D．Whatstopsyoursocialmediamessagefromspreading?(★★★★)Ican’trememberhowmanytimesI’vebeenasked,“9?”Myanswerwouldalwaysbethesame:I’dwanttheabilitytoknowwhatpeoplearethinking.Absolutely,flyingandinvisibility(隱身)hadcrossedmymind.Buteverytime,I’dalwayssettleonreadingpeople’sminds.Inafriendgroup,I’musuallythequieterone—theonewhoobserveseveryoneelseinteractingandoccasionallyvoicesmyopinion.10.Whetherweadmititornot,wealwayskeepsomethoughtstoourselves.It’shumannature,afterall.Yetourtendencytohidecertainfeelingsandunintentionally(無(wú)意地)judgeotherskeepsmeonedge.It’swhatmakesmewanttoknowwhatpeoplearethinking.I’mconstantlyafraidofwhatpeoplethinkofme.DoIlookbad?DidIdosomethingwrong?11.Ioverthinkpeople’sreactions,movementsandevenwords.IoverthinkpastconversationsIhad,wonderingwhatIcouldhavesaidinsteadtomakemesoundlessstupidormoregenuine(真誠(chéng)的).Ultimately,I’vecometorealizethatitshouldn’treallymatterwhatotherpeoplethink.12,it’sanoverwhelmingly(壓倒性地)exhaustingabilitytohave.Indeed,it’snotworthwastingtime,energyandemotionsworryingaboutwhetheryouappearcooltosomeone.Youonlyhavesomuchcontroloverthat.13.

A．DoesitreallymatterwhatotherpeoplethinkB．Ifyoucouldhaveasuperpower,whatwoulditbeC．Focusonwhatyoucancontrol,butdon’toverthinkD．ThesethoughtsoftenconsumemeandmakemeoverthinkE．Thoughasacuriousperson,Iamalwayswonderingwhatisgoingthroughsomeone’sheadF．WhileknowingwhatpeoplethinkofmemayaddressanydoubtsIhaveaboutmyselforarelationshipG．Seeinghowpeoplecommunicatewitheachothermakesmewonderwhatisreallygoingonintheirheads二、完形填空(★★★)Iusedtothinkmylifewasperfect.Mymomhadherdreamjobandabeautifuloffice,andIhadmyownroomwithacomputerandagardento______.ButoneSunday,everythingchanged.Ahurricane______ourneighborhoodwhilewewerevisitingmygrandparentsinRaleigh.Ourkitchenwasdestroyed,andourcleanandcomfortablehomewasinruins.Butsomething______happened.Ourneighbors,theFloresfamily,cametoour______.Theyhelpedclearbrokenpiecesandofferedusaplacetostay.Their______wasmostadmirable.Wehadnever______spokentothembefore,butthey______theirhometousandmadeusfeellikefamily.Westartedanew______ofhavingweekenddinnertogether.Weinvitedotherfamiliesfromtheneighborhoodtojoinus,andour______werefilledwithlaughteranddeliciousfood.Itwasabeautifulthingtoseeour______cometogetherinthewakeofadisaster.I______knewRosica,theirdaughter,beforethehurricane.Butshequicklybecamemyfriend.Shehadagiftfor______,andoureveningstogetherwerefilledwithadventureandlaughter.Lookingback,Irealizethatthehurricane______unexpectedbenefit.Itbroughtusclosertoourneighborsand______ourlivesinwayswenevercouldhaveimagined.Sometimes,ittakesa(n)______tobringoutthebestinpeople.14.A．lookafterB．worryaboutC．dreamofD．dealwith15.A．visitedB．skippedC．a(chǎn)pproachedD．swept16.A．ineffectiveB．unexpectedC．impossibleD．unlucky17.A．mindB．a(chǎn)ttentionC．a(chǎn)idD．knowledge18.A．courageB．creativityC．sincerityD．kindness19.A．reallyB．carefullyC．naturallyD．clearly20.A．soldB．rentedC．showedD．opened21.A．businessB．projectC．traditionD．life22.A．reunionsB．meetingsC．mouthsD．memories23.A．familyB．volunteersC．communityD．supporters24.A．soonB．neverC．a(chǎn)lreadyD．a(chǎn)lso25.A．storytellingB．dinnercookingC．mindreadingD．housekeeping26.A．layinB．tookoverC．resultedfromD．broughtabout27.A．savedB．controlledC．enrichedD．recorded28.A．mealB．effortC．partyD．disaster三、語(yǔ)法填空(★★)29.TheappusesARtotransformtheway___________visitorsinteractwiththepark’swildlife.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★★)30.Lastweekourmathsteachersetsodifficultanexaminationproblem___________noneofusworkedout.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★★)31.AnearthquakestruckJapan,causingadisaster,___________shadowsmanyJapanesearestilllivingin.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★)32.Thereasonforthedeclineinbiodiversityisthattheenvironment___________thespeciesdependonissignificantlythreatenedbydevelopment.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★)33.Withhighereducationbecomingmoreaccessibleacrossthedevelopingworld,gonearethedays___________itwasmerelyaluxuryreservedfortheprivilegedelite.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★)34.Theexpression“l(fā)earnbyheart”mayhaveascientificbasis,asanewstudyrevealsthatourbrainisnottheonlyregion___________memoriesaregeneratedandstored.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)(★★)35.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho___________(do)alltheworkwhileeveryoneelseistakingabreak.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★)36.Themusician,alongwithhisbandmemberswhoworktirelesslybehindthescenes,___________(give)atotaloftenperformancesinthepastthreemonths.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★)37.Heasked,“___________(be)eitheryouorsomeoneelsewillingtopresentthefindingsattheupcomingconference,orshallweconsiderotheroptions?”(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★★)38.Everymeans,fromthesimplesttothemostcreative,___________(explore)byourteamatthemomenttoensurethatweovercomeanyobstacleandachieveourproject’ssuccesswithintheplannedtimeline.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★★)39.Theclass___________(attract)bythemagician’sincredibletricksandgaveanenthusiasticapplause.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★)40.IhavefinishedalargepartofthenovelwrittenbyDickens,therestofwhich___________(be)verydifficulttounderstand.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★★)41.Asmorethanonedoctor________(be)activelyinvolvedintherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake,victimsreceivedtheurgentcarenecessarytosurviveandrecoverfromthetraumaticevent.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(★★★)42.Withvariousplanstoconsiderandtheneedforaplacethataccommodateseveryone,decidingwhentostartthemeetingandwheretoholdit___________(prove)tobequitechallengingsofar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)四、單詞拼寫(xiě)(★★)43.TheUnitedNations,establishedtopromotepeaceandcooperation,regularlyc___________tohumanitarianfundstoprovideemergencymedicalcareifconflictsarise.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★)44.Theconcertiss___________tostartat7p.m.,andtheperformersareexpectedtoarriveanhourearlierforrehearsals.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★★)45.It’simportanttostandupforpeoplewhosufferunfairt___________basedontheirraceorgender.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★)46.Themanagerpraisedtheemployeesfortheirs___________duringthemeeting,whilealsoprovidingbeneficialadviceontheirweaknesses.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★)47.Mobilephoneshavechangedalmostalla___________ofmylife,shapingmyhabits,routines,andeventhewayIlearn.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★★)48.Foranyonewholovesadventureandnature,thehikingtrailthroughthenationalparkisstronglyr___________,offeringbreathtakingviewsandachancetoseerarewildlifeupclose.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★)49.Theongoingresearchintowearabledevicese___________individualswithphysicaldisabilitiestoregainsomeindependence.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★)50.Althoughhiscolleaguessuggestedtakingthedirectroutetotheoffice,hep___________thelonger,scenicdrivethroughthecountrysidesothathecouldenjoythepeacefullandscapesandthetranquilityofnature.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★)51.Thea___________oftheclassicnovelintoamoviehasbeenmetwithmixedreviews,assomefansfeelitistoofarfromtheoriginaltext.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))(★★)52.Insteadofl___________meonmymi