標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀

《GB/T 26436-2025 禽白血病診斷技術(shù)》與《GB/T 26436-2010 禽白血病診斷技術(shù)》相比，在多個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了更新和改進(jìn)。具體變化包括但不限于以下幾個(gè)方面：

首先，新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義部分進(jìn)行了修訂，增加了新的術(shù)語(yǔ)以適應(yīng)近年來(lái)在禽白血病研究領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)的新概念和技術(shù)進(jìn)展。同時(shí)，對(duì)于原有的一些定義也做了更加準(zhǔn)確的表述，確保其能夠更好地反映當(dāng)前科學(xué)共識(shí)。

其次，在樣品采集與處理環(huán)節(jié)，《GB/T 26436-2025》引入了更為先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和方法，比如推薦使用自動(dòng)化設(shè)備進(jìn)行血液樣本的分離純化過(guò)程，以及采用新型保存液來(lái)提高病毒RNA/DNA的穩(wěn)定性等措施，旨在提升檢測(cè)結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性與可靠性。

再次，關(guān)于實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)方法，《GB/T 26436-2025》不僅保留了傳統(tǒng)有效的ELISA、AGP等免疫學(xué)檢測(cè)手段，還新增了幾種基于分子生物學(xué)原理的高靈敏度快速篩查技術(shù)，如實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR(qPCR)、數(shù)字PCR(dPCR)等，這些新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用極大地提高了禽白血病早期發(fā)現(xiàn)的能力，并為后續(xù)防控工作提供了強(qiáng)有力的支持。

此外，《GB/T 26436-2025》還特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了生物安全防護(hù)的重要性，在整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中都加強(qiáng)了對(duì)操作人員的安全教育及個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備的要求，以防止交叉污染或意外感染事件的發(fā)生。

最后，新版標(biāo)準(zhǔn)針對(duì)不同場(chǎng)景下的應(yīng)用需求制定了更為詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)原則，例如如何根據(jù)農(nóng)場(chǎng)規(guī)模選擇合適的采樣策略、怎樣合理安排監(jiān)測(cè)頻率以實(shí)現(xiàn)成本效益最大化等內(nèi)容都被納入其中，使得該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更具實(shí)用性和可操作性。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請(qǐng)直接參考下方經(jīng)官方授權(quán)發(fā)布的權(quán)威標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔。

....

查看全部

  • 現(xiàn)行
  • 正在執(zhí)行有效
  • 2025-01-24 頒布
  • 2025-08-01 實(shí)施
?正版授權(quán)
GB/T 26436-2025禽白血病診斷技術(shù)_第1頁(yè)
GB/T 26436-2025禽白血病診斷技術(shù)_第2頁(yè)
GB/T 26436-2025禽白血病診斷技術(shù)_第3頁(yè)
GB/T 26436-2025禽白血病診斷技術(shù)_第4頁(yè)
GB/T 26436-2025禽白血病診斷技術(shù)_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè)，還剩23頁(yè)未讀， 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

GB/T 26436-2025禽白血病診斷技術(shù)-免費(fèi)下載試讀頁(yè)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

ICS11.220

CCSB41

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T26436—2025

代替GB/T26436—2010

禽白血病診斷技術(shù)

Diagnostictechniquesforavianleukosis

2025?01?24發(fā)布2025?08?01實(shí)施

國(guó)家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局

國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)發(fā)布

GB/T26436—2025

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義··············································································································1

4縮略語(yǔ)····················································································································1

5實(shí)驗(yàn)室生物安全措施··································································································2

6臨床診斷·················································································································2

6.1流行病學(xué)···········································································································2

6.2臨床癥狀···········································································································2

6.3病理變化···········································································································3

6.4鑒別診斷···········································································································3

6.5臨床判定···········································································································3

7樣品采集與處理········································································································4

7.1樣品采集···········································································································4

7.2樣品處理···········································································································4

8實(shí)驗(yàn)室診斷··············································································································4

8.1病毒分離和鑒定··································································································4

8.2病毒亞群的鑒定··································································································7

8.3Real?timeRT?PCR擴(kuò)增ALV?J···············································································7

8.4血清學(xué)診斷········································································································7

9綜合判定·················································································································8

9.1疑似·················································································································8

9.2確診·················································································································8

附錄A（規(guī)范性）病毒分離相關(guān)溶液的配制········································································9

A.10.01mol/LPBS（pH7.4）······················································································9

A.250%甘油?PBS保存液（pH7.4）··············································································9

A.3細(xì)胞完全營(yíng)養(yǎng)液和維持液······················································································9

附錄B（資料性）CEF（C/E品系）的制備··········································································10

附錄C（資料性）抗ALV單因子雞血清的制備··································································11

附錄D（規(guī)范性）p27抗原ELISA檢測(cè)相關(guān)溶液的配制·······················································12

D.1包被液············································································································12

D.2洗滌液············································································································12

Ⅰ

GB/T26436—2025

D.3樣品稀釋液······································································································12

D.4底物溶液·········································································································12

D.5終止液············································································································12

附錄E（資料性）ALV亞群鑒定程序···············································································13

E.1克隆載體和宿主菌·····························································································13

E.2病毒模板的制備································································································13

E.3囊膜蛋白env基因的擴(kuò)增·····················································································13

E.4PCR產(chǎn)物的克隆·······························································································14

E.5質(zhì)粒DNA的提取和鑒定····················································································15

E.6克隆序列的測(cè)定································································································15

附錄F（資料性）Real?timeRT?PCR擴(kuò)增ALV?J································································17

F.1引物和探針序列································································································17

F.2樣品采集和前處理·····························································································17

F.3核酸抽提·········································································································17

F.4擴(kuò)增試劑準(zhǔn)備···································································································17

F.5加樣檢測(cè)·········································································································18

F.6反應(yīng)條件設(shè)置···································································································18

F.7熒光素設(shè)定······································································································18

F.8分析條件設(shè)定及結(jié)果判定····················································································18

附錄G（資料性）ALV?J一步法Real?timeRT?PCR檢測(cè)試劑盒的組成及使用···························19

G.1試劑盒組成······································································································19

G.2說(shuō)明···············································································································19

G.3使用時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)·····························································································19

附錄H（資料性）IFA法抗體檢測(cè)用ALV感染細(xì)胞的制備··················································20

參考文獻(xiàn)····················································································································21

Ⅱ

GB/T26436—2025

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

本文件代替GB/T26436—2010《禽白血病診斷技術(shù)》，與GB/T26436—2010相比，除結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和

編輯性改動(dòng)外，主要技術(shù)變化如下：

——增加了“縮略語(yǔ)”（見第4章）；

——增加了ALV?p27抗原免疫膠體金試紙卡檢測(cè)方法（見8.1.4.3）；

——更改了抗體檢測(cè)結(jié)果對(duì)確診的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（見8.4.5，2010年版的4.3.2.3）。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由中華人民共和國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部提出。

本文件由全國(guó)動(dòng)物衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)（SAC/TC181）歸口。

本文件起草單位：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)、中華人民共和國(guó)拱北海關(guān)技術(shù)中心、華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)、揚(yáng)州大學(xué)、

中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院哈爾濱獸醫(yī)研究所、靈羽生工（北京）醫(yī)藥科技有限公司、中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)、普萊柯生物工

程股份有限公司、中國(guó)動(dòng)物疫病預(yù)防控制中心。

本文件主要起草人：趙鵬、崔治中、孫淑紅、楊素、沙才華、廖明、曹偉勝、秦愛建、錢琨、王一新、

高玉龍、陳西釗、蘇敬良、田克恭、吳清民、王傳彬。

本文件及其所代替文件的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為：

——2010年首次發(fā)布為GB/T26436—2010；

——本次為第一次修訂。

Ⅲ

GB/T26436—2025

引言

禽白血?。ˋvianleukosis，AL）是由禽白血病病毒（Avianleukosisvirus，ALV）感染引起的禽類多

種腫瘤性疾病的統(tǒng)稱，主要引起雞的惡性腫瘤和亞臨床感染，導(dǎo)致雞只生長(zhǎng)遲緩、產(chǎn)蛋下降和免疫抑

制，是一種能夠通過(guò)種蛋垂直傳播的免疫抑制性疾病，我國(guó)將其列為三類動(dòng)物疫病。

ALV屬于反轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒科正反錄病毒亞科甲型反轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒屬，根據(jù)其gp85蛋白的特性目前將

ALV分為A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J和K共11個(gè)亞群。ALV分為內(nèi)源性ALV和外源性ALV兩大

類。內(nèi)源性ALV是指整合進(jìn)宿主細(xì)胞染色體基因組因而能通過(guò)染色體垂直傳播的ALV，它可能只是

病毒基因組的不完全片段不產(chǎn)生傳染性病毒粒子，也可能是病毒全基因組因而能產(chǎn)生傳染性病毒粒

子，不過(guò)這類病毒通常致病性很低或無(wú)致病性，主要是E亞群ALV。外源性ALV是與內(nèi)源性ALV

相對(duì)應(yīng)的，指不通過(guò)宿主細(xì)胞染色體傳遞給下一代的ALV，包括A、B、C、D、J和K亞群，致病性強(qiáng)的

ALV均屬于外源性病毒。內(nèi)源性ALV的干擾是開展實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)，特別是進(jìn)行核酸檢測(cè)時(shí)首要排除

因素。

本病發(fā)生沒(méi)有明顯的季節(jié)性或地域性，通常因?yàn)轱曫B(yǎng)種源未凈化ALV的雞苗而發(fā)病，以及在育雛

期與感染雞群混養(yǎng)或者使用存在外源性ALV污染的生物制品而感染發(fā)病。

本文件診斷技術(shù)內(nèi)容包括臨床診斷、病原學(xué)診斷和血清學(xué)診斷方法。本文件的修訂參考了世界動(dòng)

物衛(wèi)生組織（WOAH）《陸生動(dòng)物診斷試驗(yàn)和疫苗手冊(cè)》，并結(jié)合了我國(guó)相關(guān)技術(shù)研究新成果。

Ⅳ

GB/T26436—2025

禽白血病診斷技術(shù)

1范圍

本文件描述了禽白血病的臨床診斷、樣品采集與處理，以及病毒分離

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所提供的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文本僅供個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)、研究之用，未經(jīng)授權(quán)，嚴(yán)禁復(fù)制、發(fā)行、匯編、翻譯或網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播等，侵權(quán)必究。
  • 2. 本站所提供的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)均為PDF格式電子版文本（可閱讀打?。?，因數(shù)字商品的特殊性，一經(jīng)售出，不提供退換貨服務(wù)。
  • 3. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔要求電子版與印刷版保持一致，所以下載的文檔中可能包含空白頁(yè)，非文檔質(zhì)量問(wèn)題。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論