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廣西2025屆高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)考高三英語試卷滿分150分考試用時(shí)120分鐘注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?;卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后,請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上,錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thesportingeventispopular.B.Theticketsareincrediblyexpensive.C.Theticketsaredifficulttogetonline.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthefilm?A.Shethinksbadlyofit.B.Sherecommendsitstrongly.C.Shethinksitisworthseeing.3.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Eatsomezongzi.B.Makeanumbrella.C.Watchtheracing.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirneighbors.B.Theman’sschool.C.Thewoman’snewroom.5.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Takinganapnow.B.Havingarestanhourlater.C.Havingacoffeewithhim.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白,每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemanquithisjob?A.Heistiredoftheworkingstyle.B.Hisjobpressuredriveshimcrazy.C.Heneedsmoreincomeresource.7.Whatisthewoman’sadvice?A.Quittinghisjobasplanned.B.Thinkingofthechangecarefully.C.Findingamorepracticalandwell-paidjob.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatkindofschoolmaythewomanchoose?A.Aschoolofferingherfinancialaid.B.Aschoolwithadvancedfacilities.C.Aschoolwithgoodrecreationalactivities.9.Whatdoesthemanlikedoinginhissparetime?A.Running.B.Playingtennis.C.Playingbasketball.10.Whichmedicalschooldidthemanchoose?A.EmoryUniversity.B.ClevelandStateUniversity.C.TheUniversityofPittsburgh.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whydidthemanmakethecall?A.Tohaveameeting.B.Torescheduletheirappointment.C.Todiscusswhattheyaregoingtodo.12.Whenwillthetwospeakershavethemeetingfinally?A.Thismorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Tomorrowafternoon.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Takecareofthewoman.B.Sendanemailbyphone.C.Checkhisagendaatonce.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.15.Whatwasthemandoinglastnight?A.Hewashavingaparty.B.Hewasrepairinghisnewstereosystem.C.Hewaswatchingaliveconcertonline.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Tofindwaystoreducenoise.B.Tostoplisteningtomusicatnight.C.Tolowerthevolumeofhisstereosystem.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Reportingtheweather.B.Recommendingoutdooractivities.C.Arrangingforthesummerholiday.18.WhatwastheweatherlikeintheNortheastinthepastweek?A.Cool.B.Warm.C.Hot.19.WhyistheMidwestprobablythebestplaceforholiday?A.Itstransportisconvenient.B.It’llbesunnyandcomfortable.C.Ithasgreatair-conditioningsystems.20.Whatisthespeaker’ssuggestiontopeopleintheSouth?A.Preparingforheatwaves.B.Planningtheiroutingsagain.C.Enjoyingtheclearskies.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACheapandEasyOnlineDIYClasses:LearnNewSkillsfromHomeLookingtosharpenyourdo-it-yourself(DIY)skills?Adigestibleonlinecoursewillhelp.Belowarefourpopularcategories.CraftandDecorClassesIfyouhaveacreativetalent,youcantakecraftanddecorclassestolearnskills,suchasmacrame(編結(jié)藝術(shù)),brushlettering,andfurnituredecoration.You’lldiscoverhowtocreatebeautifulitemswhilealsolearninghowtopersonalizeyourhomedecortomatchyourstyleandpersonality.Skillshare,forexample,teachesyouhowtocreatemacramehangingplanters.You’llgainsomecraftingexperiencewhilealsoaddingatouchofgreenerytoyourhome.GardeningandLandscapingClassesDoesyouroutdoorspaceneedalittletenderlovingcare?Gardeningandlandscapingclassesshareinformationaboutsoilpreparation,plantselection,andgardendesign.Platforms,suchasCourseraandUdemy,haveclassesforhomeownerswhowanttocreatethegardenoftheirdreams,whethertheywanttolearnhowtogrowvegetablesorplanadecorativelandscape.HomeImprovementClassesHomeimprovementclassesteachDIYenthusiaststheskillstomaintainandupgradetheirlivingspace.You’llfindeverythingfrombasicplumbingtoelectricalworktogeneralhomerepairs.Forexample,thecurriculumfromITUOnlineprovidesvideocourseworkwithcorrespondingtestquestionsoneverythingfrompowertoolstoinstallinganewtoilet.WoodworkingClassesWoodworkingcoursesteachyouhowtoworkwithwoodtobuildfunctionalanddecorativeitems.Theseclassescanbechallengingandittakestimetolearn,buttheyarerewardingandoftenstartbyteachingstudentsbasictooluseandsafetybeforemovingontomorecomplexprojects.BeginnerscantakeacoursethroughCraftsy,whichcoversbasictutorialstogetyoustartedinwoodworking.1.WhatmightCraftandDecorClassesteach?A.Howtotradebeautifulgoods.B.Howtodevelopyourpersonality.C.Howtopainthomeusingyourdesiredcolor.D.Howtobreathenewlifeintoyourhomeitems.2.Whichwillyouchooseifyouwanttolearnhowtofixhouseholdap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B.HomeImprovementClasses.C.WoodworkingClasses. D.GardeningandLandscapingClasses.3.Whatshouldyoubearinmindwhiletakingwoodworkingcourses?A.Woodworkingcoursesrequirepatience.B.Morecomplexprojectsarepaidtolearn.C.Classesforbeginnersaredemanding.D.Learningbasictoolusecanbringsomeawards.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四種便宜又簡單的線上DIY課程?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CraftandDecorClasses部分的“You’lldiscoverhowtocreatebeautifulitemswhilealsolearninghowtopersonalizeyourhomedecortomatchyourstyleandpersonality.(你將學(xué)會(huì)如何制作精美的物品,同時(shí)還能了解如何根據(jù)自己的風(fēng)格和個(gè)性來個(gè)性化布置家居裝飾)”可知,CraftandDecorClasses可能會(huì)教你如何為你的家居用品注入新的生命。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HomeImprovementClasses部分的“You’llfindeverythingfrombasicplumbingtoelectricalworktogeneralhomerepairs.(你會(huì)找到從基礎(chǔ)管道工程到電氣工作再到一般家居維修等各方面的內(nèi)容)”可知,如果想學(xué)習(xí)如何修理家用電器,你可以選擇HomeImprovementClasses。故選B項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WoodworkingClasses部分“Theseclassescanbechallengingandittakestimetolearn,buttheyarerewardingandoftenstartbyteachingstudentsbasictooluseandsafetybeforemovingontomorecomplexprojects.(這些課程可能具有挑戰(zhàn)性,學(xué)習(xí)也需要時(shí)間,但它們很有價(jià)值,通常課程會(huì)先教學(xué)生基本的工具使用方法和安全知識(shí),然后再開展更復(fù)雜的項(xiàng)目)”可知,在學(xué)習(xí)木工課程時(shí),你應(yīng)該記住這些課程需要耐心。故選A項(xiàng)。BOnesummer,myfriendSheliaandItookourpre-teenchildrenandtheirfriendstoLibertyland,anamusementparkinMemphis,Tennessee.Itwasanextremelyhotday.Bymid-afternoon,SheliaandIwerewornout,whilethekidswerestillenergetic.Wedecidedtorestintheoutdoortheatrewhilethechildrencontinuedriding.Thetheatre,thoughshaded,hadnoairconditioning.Ashowwasabouttobeginaswesatdown.Despitethesmallaudienceofabout20peoplelookingforacoolplacetosit,theteenageperformersdeliveredanenergeticandlivelyperformancewithrockandrollmusic.Intheend,theaudiencegaveonlypolite,half-heartedapplause.However,SheliastoodupandcheeredloudlyasifshehadseenthemostamazingBroadwayproductioninherlife.Sheexplainedtome,“Thesearesomeoneelse’skids.Sincetheirmomsaren’there,weneedtosupportthem.”IwasdeeplymovedbyShelia’swords.Ihadneverthoughtaboutitthatwaybefore.IjoinedSheliaincheeringforthesehard-workingyoungperformers.Thishappenedoversixyearsago,butShelia’swordshavestayedwithme.Now,ItrytorememberthattheteenagersImeetinvariousservicejobsareallsomeone’schildren.ImakeanefforttotreatthemasIwouldwantotherstotreatmyownchildren.Thanks,Shelia,forapplyingthegoldenrule—“Treatothers’childrenasyouwouldwantthemtotreatyours!”Thisexperiencetaughtmetheimportanceofsupportingandencouragingyoungpeople,evenwhenthey’renotourown,andhowasmallactofkindnesscanmakeadifference.4.WhydidSheliaandtheauthordecidetorestintheoutdoortheatre?A.Theyneededabreakfromtheextremeheat.B.TheydesiredtoenjoyaBroadway-styleshow.C.Theywereaskedtoleavetheridesandtakeaseat.D.Theyintendedtoapproachtheperformersmoreclosely.5.WhydidSheliacheerloudlyfortheteenageperformers?A.Shewantedtosetagoodexampleforherownchildren.B.Shehopedtoencouragemoreperformancesatthepark.C.Shefelttheneedtosupportthemintheirparents’absence.D.Shewasimpressedbytheirprofessional-levelperformance.6.Howhastheauthor’sbehaviorchangedsincethisexperience?A.Shealwayscheersloudlyateveryperformance.B.Sheattendsmoretheatricalshowswithherchildren.C.Sheavoidstakingchildrentoamusementparksonhotdays.D.Shetreatsyoungpeopleinservicejobswithmoreconsideration.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheChallengesofBringingupPre-teens.B.TheBenefitsofVisitingAmusementParks.C.TheDifficultiesofPerforminginHotWeather.D.TheImportanceofEncouragingYoungPeople.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和朋友Shelia帶著孩子們?nèi)ビ螛穲@,在戶外劇場(chǎng)觀看青少年表演者的演出,Shelia的熱情鼓勵(lì)讓作者意識(shí)到要支持和鼓勵(lì)年輕人,哪怕不是自己的孩子,這一小小的善舉也能產(chǎn)生影響?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bymid-afternoon,SheliaandIwerewornout,whilethekidswerestillenergetic.Wedecidedtorestintheoutdoortheatrewhilethechildrencontinuedriding.(到了下午中段,Shelia和我都累了,而孩子們?nèi)匀痪Τ渑?。我們決定在戶外劇場(chǎng)休息,孩子們繼續(xù)玩游樂設(shè)施)”可知,Shelia和作者決定在戶外劇場(chǎng)休息是因?yàn)樗麄冃枰诳釤岬奶鞖庀滦菹⒁幌?。故選A?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thesearesomeoneelse’skids.Sincetheirmomsaren’there,weneedtosupportthem.(這些是別人的孩子。因?yàn)樗麄兊膵寢尣辉谶@里,我們需要支持他們)”可知,Shelia大聲為青少年表演者歡呼是因?yàn)樗X得在父母不在場(chǎng)的情況下需要支持他們。故選C?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Now,ItrytorememberthattheteenagersImeetinvariousservicejobsareallsomeone’schildren.ImakeanefforttotreatthemasIwouldwantotherstotreatmyownchildren.(現(xiàn)在,我試著記住,我在各種服務(wù)工作中遇到的青少年都是別人的孩子。我努力像希望別人對(duì)待我自己的孩子一樣對(duì)待他們)”可知,自從這次經(jīng)歷之后,作者對(duì)從事服務(wù)工作的年輕人更加體貼。故選D?!?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文主要講述了作者和朋友Shelia帶著孩子們?nèi)ビ螛穲@,在戶外劇場(chǎng)觀看青少年表演者的演出,Shelia的熱情鼓勵(lì)讓作者意識(shí)到要支持和鼓勵(lì)年輕人,哪怕不是自己的孩子,這一小小的善舉也能產(chǎn)生影響,所以本文的最佳標(biāo)題是D項(xiàng):TheImportanceofEncouragingYoungPeople.(鼓勵(lì)年輕人的重要性)。故選D。CAstudypublishedinGeologyintroducesanewmethodforunderstandingearthquakebehaviorthatcouldtransformhowweprepareforthesenaturaldisasters.Theresearchfocusesoncurvedscratchesleftonfaultplanes(斷層面)whenmassiveblocksofEarthgrindpasteachotherduringanearthquake.Thesemarks,called“slickenlines”,worksomewhatliketiremarksatacrashscene,revealingthedirectionofmovement.Tounderstandhowtheseancientmarkscouldhelpsavelives,theresearchteamturnedtoNewZealand’sAlpineFault.TheresearchersfocusedtheirinvestigationonafascinatingsectionoftheAlpineFaultknownasan“earthquakegate”.Thisregioncaneitherstopearthquakesintheirtracksorallowthemtocontinuetheirjourney,adecisionthathasenormousconsequences.Whenearthquakespushthroughthisgate,theytransformfrommagnitude7.5eventsintofarmorepowerfulmagnitude8.0earthquakes,dramaticallyincreasingtheirpotentialfordestruction.TheimplicationsofthisresearchreachfarbeyondNewZealand’sshores.“Thescratchesindicatethedirectionandoriginofapastearthquake,potentiallygivinguscluesaboutwhereafuturequakemightstartandwhereitwillgo.ThisiskeyforCalifornia,whereanticipatingthedirectionofaquakeonfaultslikeSanAndreasorSanJacintocouldmeanamoreaccurateforecastofitsimpact,”Barth,UCRiversidegeologistandleadauthor,notes.Understandingthedirectionofearthquakemovementisn’tjustacademiccuriosity,itcouldprovidecrucialextraminutesofwarningtimeforvulnerablepopulations.ConsiderLosAngeles:ifamajorearthquakebeginsneartheSaltonSeaandmovesnorthwardalongtheSanAndreasfault,itwoulddirectintenseenergytowardthecity.However,thisscenariocouldalsogiveresidentsaboutaminute’swarningthroughcellularalertsystems—precioustimethatcouldallowpeopletotakecover,stopmedicalprocedures,orshutdowncriticalsystems.8.Whatare“slickenlines”?A.Specialplanesusedbygeologists.B.Bendinglinesdrawnbyresearchers.C.Ancientmarkscausedbyearthquakes.D.Tirescratchesleftbyvehicleaccidents.9.Whyisthe“earthquakegate”mentioned?A.Torevealthesecretoftheearth.B.Toshowthesignificanceofthearea.C.Tosuggesthowpowerfulnaturemightbe.D.Toprovethedestructivedegreeofearthquakes.10.What’sthepurposeofthestudyaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Toinformuswhatmaycauseearthquakes.B.Todiscoverawaytofightagainstearthquakes.C.Tobetterpreventtheoccurrenceofearthquakes.D.Topredicthowearthquakemightaffectdifferentareas.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themeaningofthestudy. B.Howtheearthquakemoves.C.Theexampleofanearthquake. D.Whattododuringtheearthquake.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的地震行為研究方法,該方法通過研究地震期間斷層平面上留下的彎曲劃痕來預(yù)測(cè)地震的影響。【8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Theresearchfocusesoncurvedscratchesleftonfaultplanes(斷層面)whenmassiveblocksofEarthgrindpasteachotherduringanearthquake.Thesemarks,called“slickenlines”(這項(xiàng)研究的重點(diǎn)是地震期間地球大規(guī)模地塊相互摩擦?xí)r在斷層面上留下的彎曲劃痕。這些標(biāo)記被稱為“slickenlines”)”可知,slickenlines是地震引起的古老痕跡。故選C?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TheresearchersfocusedtheirinvestigationonafascinatingsectionoftheAlpineFaultknownasan‘earthquakegate’.Thisregioncaneitherstopearthquakesintheirtracksorallowthemtocontinuetheirjourney,adecisionthathasenormousconsequences.
(研究人員將調(diào)查重點(diǎn)放在阿爾卑斯斷層的一個(gè)引人入勝的部分,即‘地震之門’。該地區(qū)可以阻止地震的發(fā)生,也可以允許地震繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,這一決定將產(chǎn)生巨大的后果。)”可知,“地震之門”的重要性在于其對(duì)地震發(fā)展行為的關(guān)鍵影響,提到“地震之門”是為了展示該地區(qū)的重要性。故選B?!?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thescratchesindicatethedirectionandoriginofapastearthquake,potentiallygivinguscluesaboutwhereafuturequakemightstartandwhereitwillgo.ThisiskeyforCalifornia,whereanticipatingthedirectionofaquakeonfaultslikeSanAndreasorSanJacintocouldmeanamoreaccurateforecastofitsimpact.(這些劃痕表明了過去地震的方向和起源,可能為我們提供未來地震可能發(fā)生在哪里以及將向何處發(fā)展的線索。這對(duì)加利福尼亞州至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)樵谑グ驳铝襾喫箶鄬踊蚴ス镣袛鄬由项A(yù)測(cè)地震的方向可能意味著對(duì)其影響的更準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)。)”可知,這項(xiàng)研究的目的是預(yù)測(cè)地震可能對(duì)不同地區(qū)的影響。故選D?!?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Understandingthedirectionofearthquakemovementisn’tjustacademiccuriosity,itcouldprovidecrucialextraminutesofwarningtimeforvulnerablepopulations.ConsiderLosAngeles:ifamajorearthquakebeginsneartheSaltonSeaandmovesnorthwardalongtheSanAndreasfault,itwoulddirectintenseenergytowardthecity.However,thisscenariocouldalsogiveresidentsaboutaminute’swarningthroughcellularalertsystems(了解地震的移動(dòng)方向不僅僅是學(xué)術(shù)上的好奇,它還可能為易受災(zāi)害影響的人群提供至關(guān)重要的額外預(yù)警時(shí)間。以洛杉磯為例:如果一場(chǎng)大地震從索爾頓湖附近開始,并沿著圣安德烈亞斯斷層向北移動(dòng),它將把巨大的能量引向這座城市。然而,這種情況也可以通過手機(jī)警報(bào)系統(tǒng)為居民提供大約一分鐘的預(yù)警時(shí)間)”可知,最后一段主要講了地震是如何移動(dòng)的。故選B。DThetall,stonycoastlinesofthenortheastPacificOceanaremuchquieterthantheywere.Followingapunishingoceanicheatwaveintheregion,thenoisyseabirdsthatoncecrowdedtheseacliffsarenowgreatlythinned,toaquarteroftheirformersizeinsomeplaces.Thissuddenlossofmillionsofbirds,andprobablymanyotheranimals,maybethelargestwildlifedeatheventrecordedinmoderntimes.Thestorybeginsinlate2014,whenaviolentoceanicheatwave“Blob”parkeditselfoverthePacificnortheast,raisingoceantemperaturesfarabovenormalforalmosttwoyears.Itcookedupanecologicalchainreaction,reducingphytoplankton(浮游植物)populationsandinturntheforagefishthatseabirdslikecommonmurreseat.In2015and2016,thebirdscollectivelystarvedtodeath.“Weknewrightawaythatitwasabigdisaster,”saysRenner,awildlifebiologistwithU.S.FishandWildlifeattheAlaskaMaritimeNationalWildlifeRefugeinHomer.“Therewere62,000carcassesthatwasheduponthebeaches,allovertheGulfofAlaska,allthewaydowntoCalifornia.Itwasclearlyabigdeal,butwecouldn’treallyquantifythesizeofthedeathverywell.”Thescaleandspeedoftheseabirdpopulationcollapseisshocking,saysSimonTye,anecologistattheUniversityofArkansasinFayettevillewhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.“Itwasprettyheartbreaking.”TyeandRennerbothpointoutthatwithcontinuedclimatewarming,heatwaveslikethe“Blob”areexpectedtooccurmorefrequently.Thiscouldendangeralreadyvulnerablepopulationsofmanyanimalsthathaveyettorecoverinanoceanecosystemaffectedbythepreviousheatwave.Whilethere’slittleimmediatehumancontroloveroceanicheatwaves,Rennersaysthefindingsunderscoretheimportanceofotherconservationeffortsforseabirds.Thismayincluderemovinginvasivepredatorsorotherspeciesthat-alongsideclimaticswings-createanadditivestressonseabirdpopulations.“Thetopofthefoodwebgoingaway,Ithinkthat’sreallyimportant,”Tyesays.“Itshouldbeanominous(不祥的)thingforeverybody.”12.Whathappenedaboutadecadeago?A.Millionsofseabirdsdiedofhunger.B.Overfishingcausedanecologicalchainreaction.C.“Blob”cameintobeinganddisturbedthewholeworld.D.Temperaturesroseuptothehighestrecordedinmoderntimes.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“carcasses”inparagraph3mean?A.Birdsalive. B.Oceanfishes. C.Bodies. D.Objects.14.WhatisTyeandRenner’sattitudetowardtheoceanecosystem?A.Optimistic. B.Concerned. C.Prejudiced. D.Indifferent.15.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Humanactivitieshavedirectlycausedglobalwarming.B.Thefoodwebforseabirdpopulationshasimprovedalot.C.Otherspeciesmayposeathreattothesurvivalofseabirds.D.Peopleshouldstresstheimportanceofprotectingotherspecies.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了太平洋東北部海洋熱浪“Blob”導(dǎo)致海鳥數(shù)量大幅減少的情況。包括熱浪引發(fā)的生態(tài)連鎖反應(yīng),海鳥集體餓死,相關(guān)研究人員對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的態(tài)度以及對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)未來的擔(dān)憂,并指出其他物種可能對(duì)海鳥生存構(gòu)成威脅,強(qiáng)調(diào)了保護(hù)海鳥的重要性。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thissuddenlossofmillionsofbirds,andprobablymanyotheranimals,maybethelargestwildlifedeatheventrecordedinmoderntimes.(數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的鳥類,可能還有許多其他動(dòng)物的突然消失,可能是現(xiàn)代有記錄以來最大的野生動(dòng)物死亡事件。)”和第二段“Itcookedupanecologicalchainreaction,reducingphytoplankton(浮游植物)populationsandinturntheforagefishthatseabirdslikecommonmurreseat.In2015and2016,thebirdscollectivelystarvedtodeath.(它引發(fā)了一種生態(tài)鏈反應(yīng),減少了浮游植物的數(shù)量,反過來又減少了海鳥(如普通海鳥)吃的飼料魚。在2015年和2016年,這些鳥集體餓死。)”可知,十年前數(shù)百萬只海鳥死于饑餓。故選A?!?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子“Therewere62,000carcassesthatwasheduponthebeaches,allovertheGulfofAlaska,allthewaydowntoCalifornia.Itwasclearlyabigdeal,butwecouldn’treallyquantifythesizeofthedeathverywell.(有62000具被沖到海灘上,遍布阿拉斯加灣,一直到加利福尼亞。這顯然是一件大事,但我們無法很好地量化死亡規(guī)模。)”可知后文說的是死亡,應(yīng)該是尸體被沖到海灘上,所以carcasses意為“尸體”和C選項(xiàng)的Bodies同義,故選C?!?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thescaleandspeedoftheseabirdpopulationcollapseisshocking,saysSimonTye,anecologistattheUniversityofArkansasinFayettevillewhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.“Itwasprettyheartbreaking.”(費(fèi)耶特維爾阿肯色大學(xué)(UniversityofArkansas)的生態(tài)學(xué)家西蒙·泰(SimonTye)沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究,他說,海鳥數(shù)量銳減的規(guī)模和速度令人震驚?!斑@太令人心碎了?!?”和第六段“Whilethere’slittleimmediatehumancontroloveroceanicheatwaves,Rennersaysthefindingsunderscoretheimportanceofotherconservationeffortsforseabirds.(Renner說,雖然人類對(duì)海洋熱浪幾乎沒有直接的控制,但這些發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了其他保護(hù)海鳥的努力的重要性。)”可知,Tye和Renner對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的態(tài)度是擔(dān)憂的,關(guān)心的,故選B?!?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段“Whilethere’slittleimmediatehumancontroloveroceanicheatwaves,Rennersaysthefindingsunderscoretheimportanceofotherconservationeffortsforseabirds.Thismayincluderemovinginvasivepredatorsorotherspeciesthat-alongsideclimaticswings-createanadditivestressonseabirdpopulations.“Thetopofthefoodwebgoingaway,Ithinkthat’sreallyimportant,”Tyesays.“Itshouldbeanominous(不祥的)thingforeverybody.”(Renner說,雖然人類對(duì)海洋熱浪幾乎沒有直接的控制,但這些發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了其他保護(hù)海鳥的努力的重要性。這可能包括清除入侵性捕食者或其他物種,這些物種與氣候變化一起給海鳥種群造成了額外的壓力。“食物網(wǎng)的頂端消失了,我認(rèn)為這真的很重要,”Tye說。“對(duì)每個(gè)人來說,這都是一件不祥的事情?!?”可知,其中提到除了氣候波動(dòng),入侵性捕食者或其他物種會(huì)給海鳥種群增加壓力,即其他物種可能對(duì)海鳥生存構(gòu)成威脅。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whetherpersonalorprofessional,youlikelyhavegoalsyou’restrivingtoachieve.Yet,asmuchasyouwanttoaccomplishacertaingoalortask,youmaysometimeswonderhowtomotivateyourself.____16____.◎FindaresponsiblepartnerHavingaresponsiblepartnercanbeaneffectivetypeofmotivationtohelpyoustayontrack.Tellingothersaboutyourplansorgoalsmighthelpyoufeelmoreencouragedtoactuallyachievethem.◎Shakeupyourenvironment____17____.Creatingawelcomingenvironmentthatfeelsgoodtobeinandcontributestostayingfocusedonyourgoalsisimportant.Smalldetailslikeplentyofsunlightoraddingaplanttoyourdeskcanallhelp.◎____18____Sometimes,itcanbeeasytolosemotivationifyoufeellikeyou’renotmakingenoughprogresstowardabiggoal.Ifyoustarttofeelthisway,reflectonyourprogress.Youmightbesurprisedtolookbackandrealizejusthowfaryou’vecome.Whenmeasuringprogress,focusonmeasuringbehaviorsoverresults.Forexample,ifyouwanttobecomeabetterwriterandpublishastory,measureyourresearch,drafts,anddiscussionsonthetopic.____19____.Eventhoughyoudon’thavecompletecontrolovertheoutcome,youhavefullcontroloveryourbehaviors.◎SchedulebreaksinyourdayBreaksallowyourbraintorestanddigestalltheinformationyou’vejusttakenin.____20____.Forexample,surfingtheInternetstillrequiresyourbraintoprocessinformationandmakedecisions.Doingasmallchore,goingforawalk,ortakingapowercoffeenapareallgreatalternatives.A.TrackyourprogressB.StayoptimisticandtrustyourselfC.Infact,evenashortbreakhelpsavoidburnoutD.OurworkingenvironmentsarefullofdistractionsE.ManagingtowritealittlebiteverydayisevenbetterF.ThefollowingtipscanserveasguidesonhowtogetmotivatedG.However,notalltypesofbreaksprovidethesameamountofrestfulness【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些幫助激勵(lì)自己完成目標(biāo)或任務(wù)的方法?!?6題詳解】前文“Yet,asmuchasyouwanttoaccomplishacertaingoalortask,youmaysometimeswonderhowtomotivateyourself.(然而,當(dāng)你非常想完成某個(gè)目標(biāo)或任務(wù)時(shí),你有時(shí)可能會(huì)想知道如何激勵(lì)自己。)”提到如何激勵(lì)自己完成目標(biāo)或任務(wù)的困惑,后文的段落具體介紹了激勵(lì)自己的方法,因此F項(xiàng)“Thefollowingtipscanserveasguidesonhowtogetmotivated(以下這些建議可以作為激發(fā)動(dòng)力的指南)”符合語境,點(diǎn)明激發(fā)動(dòng)力的建議,承接前文,引出后文的具體建議,其中的motivated在前文有同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選F?!?7題詳解】本段標(biāo)題“Shakeupyourenvironment(改變你的環(huán)境)”表明本段與環(huán)境相關(guān),后文“Creatingawelcomingenvironmentthatfeelsgoodtobeinandcontributestostayingfocusedonyourgoalsisimportant.(營造一個(gè)讓人感覺舒適、樂于身處其中,且有助于專注于目標(biāo)的環(huán)境是很重要的。)”指出營造舒適環(huán)境的重要性,因此D項(xiàng)“Ourworkingenvironmentsarefullofdistractions(我們的工作環(huán)境中充滿了讓人分心的事物)”符合語境,說明工作環(huán)境有時(shí)會(huì)讓人分心,呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題,引出后文重要性的論述,其中的distractions和后文的stayingfocusedon呼應(yīng)。故選D?!?8題詳解】后文“Sometimes,itcanbeeasytolosemotivationifyoufeellikeyou’renotmakingenoughprogresstowardabiggoal.Ifyoustarttofeelthisway,reflectonyourprogress.Youmightbesurprisedtolookbackandrealizejusthowfaryou’vecome.(有時(shí)候,如果你覺得自己在一個(gè)大目標(biāo)上沒有取得足夠的進(jìn)展,就很容易失去動(dòng)力。如果你開始有這種感覺,反思一下你的進(jìn)步。當(dāng)你回首往事時(shí),你可能會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)走了多遠(yuǎn)。)”主要建議通過觀察自己的進(jìn)步來保持動(dòng)力,因此A項(xiàng)“Trackyourprogress(記錄你的進(jìn)步)”符合語境,建議記錄進(jìn)步,契合段落內(nèi)容,可作為本段標(biāo)題,且和其他段落標(biāo)題一樣使用祈使句的形式。故選A?!?9題詳解】前文“Whenmeasuringprogress,focusonmeasuringbehaviorsoverresults.Forexample,ifyouwanttobecomeabetterwriterandpublishastory,measureyourresearch,drafts,anddiscussionsonthetopic.(在衡量進(jìn)展時(shí),應(yīng)著重衡量行為而非結(jié)果。例如,如果你想成為一個(gè)更好的作家并發(fā)表一個(gè)故事,衡量你對(duì)這個(gè)主題的研究、草稿和討論。)”建議通過行為來衡量自己的進(jìn)步,并用寫作的例子說明具體如何踐行,因此E項(xiàng)“Managingtowritealittlebiteverydayisevenbetter(設(shè)法做到每天都寫一點(diǎn)就更好了)”符合語境,進(jìn)一步說明最好保持每天創(chuàng)作,承接前文。故選E?!?0題詳解】前文“Breaksallowyourbraintorestanddigestalltheinformationyou’vejusttakenin.(休息能讓你的大腦得到放松,并消化你剛剛吸收的所有信息。)”指出休息的好處,后文“Forexample,surfingtheInternetstillrequiresyourbraintoprocessinformationandmakedecisions.Doingasmallchore,goingforawalk,ortakingapowercoffeenapareallgreatalternatives.(例如,上網(wǎng)仍然需要你的大腦處理信息并做出決策。做一點(diǎn)家務(wù)、散散步或者快速喝杯咖啡小憩一下,這些都是不錯(cuò)的替代選擇。)”說明不同的休息方式效果不一樣,建議選擇能讓大腦真正放松的方式,因此G項(xiàng)“However,notalltypesofbreaksprovidethesameamountofrestfulness(然而,并非所有類型的休息都能帶來同等程度的放松效果)”符合語境,點(diǎn)明不是所有休息都能讓人放松,和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折,引出后文。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Here’soneofmyearliestfoodmemories.Iwas____21____mynosetotheglassofthecabinetatalocalAmerican-stylecookieshop,drawninbythe____22____sugaryscentfromtheovensusedtobakethem____23____.ItwasunlikeanythingI’deatenbefore.OnceIwasoldenoughtohavethe____24____ofthekitchen,Ibecameobsessedwithtryingto____25____howtomakemyowncookies,withabsolutelynosuccess.Yearslater,Irevisitedthe____26____atworkwhenIwastaskedwithcreatingaperfectchocolatechipcookie____27____foramagazinefeature.Afewco-workerskindlyrecommendedtheirfavouritetomebut,____28____,nonehitthespot,soIstartedfromscratch,analysedthesituationandlearnedalotintheprocess.Allinall,I’ve____29____thatI’vebakedupwardsof700chocolatechipcookies—partlyseeking_____30_____,butalsoformany,manybakesales.Thehuntforafoolproof(萬無一失的)recipehasmeantI’vetestedcountless_____31_____andanalysedwhatittakestomakeaverysought-afterthing—auniquechocolatechipcookie.Inallthattime,I’vemade_____32_____:overcookedthem,undercookedthem,triedcookiesthatwere_____33_____cakey;onesthatburnedaroundtheedgebutwerestillrawinthecentre.InthewordsofThomasEdison:Ididnot_____34_____—Isimplyfoundmultiplewaysthatdidn’twork,anditultimatelyledtomelearningmanytrickstogetthekindofcookieI_____35_____.21.A.pointing B.leading C.tying D.pressing22.A.familiar B.evident C.similar D.horrible23.A.fresh B.expensive C.remote D.raw24.A.right B.gift C.run D.picture25.A.workout B.showoff C.putforward D.writedown26.A.pleasure B.reference C.tension D.challenge27.A.shelter B.world C.recipe D.weapon28.A.fortunately B.sadly C.sincerely D.internally29.A.calculated B.predicted C.forgot D.denied30.A.comfort B.perfection C.advice D.employment31.A.versions B.dimensions C.viruses D.tablets32.A.decisions B.plans C.appointments D.mistakes33.A.encouragingly B.convincingly C.disappointingly D.increasingly34.A.complain B.fail C.submit D.regret35.A.offer B.recognize C.praise D.desire【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.B31.A32.D
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