Unit4UsingLanguage1分層練習語言知識一、（2024·高二課時練習）根據(jù)漢語寫出單詞1._____________

n.工資2._____________

adj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3._____________

adv.&

prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)4._____________

vi.沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒5._____________

n.毯子6._____________

n.&

vi.航海；航行7._____________

n.海軍；海軍部隊8._____________

adj.脾氣好的/壞的9._____________

adj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的10._____________

n.(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人11._____________

adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的12._____________

adj.深入的；徹底的；細致的13._____________

n.家具14._____________

n.娛樂；消遣；游戲15._____________

adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的16._____________

adj.忠誠的；忠實的17._____________

adj.痛苦的；令人難受的【答案】1.

wage

n.工資2.

bitter

adj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3.

aboard

adv.&

prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)4.

sink

vi.沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒5.

blanket

n.毯子6.

voyage

n.&

vi.航海；航行7.

navy

n.海軍；海軍部隊8.

good/badtempered

adj.脾氣好的/壞的9.

genuine

adj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的10.

crew

n.(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人11.

cruel

adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的12.

thorough

adj.深入的；徹底的；細致的13.

furniture

n.家具14.

recreation

n.娛樂；消遣；游戲15.

rough

adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的16.

loyal

adj.忠誠的；忠實的17.

miserable

adj.痛苦的；令人難受的二、（2024·高二課時練習）短語翻譯1._______________拒絕(某人)2._______________生火3._______________放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)4._______________每況愈下5._______________獲得成功6.holdon_______________7.cheerusup_______________8.payusback_______________9.fillmewithhope_______________10.keepourspiritsup_______________【答案】1.

turn

sb

down拒絕(某人)2.

make

fire生火3.

give

off放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)4.

go

from

bad

to

worse每況愈下5.

make

it獲得成功6.holdon

堅持住7.cheerusup

使我們振作起來8.payusback

回報我們9.fillmewithhope

讓我充滿希望10.keepourspiritsup

使我們保持高昂的情緒三、（2024·高二課時練習）單句語法填空1.Heaskedhertomarryhimbutsheturnedhim_________.2.Hetookallkindsofteststoprovehewaswell_________(qualify)forthisimportanttasks.3.BecauseHelenwasso_________(enthusiasm)aboutlearning,theresultswereamazing.4.Ihavepletedevery_________(assign)thatyougaveme.5.Theonlywaytoimproveisthroughhardworkand_________(persevere).6.Heshowedgreat_________(resolve)infacingtherobbers.7._________(fortunate),VanGogh’suniquepaintingsweren’tverypopularandheonlysoldonepaintinginhislifetime.8.Activitiesalltakeplaceunderthe_________(guide)ofanexperiencedtutor.9.Iwasimpressedbytheenergyand_________(mit)shownbytheplayers.10.Thefarmerwasaccusedof_________(cruel)toanimals.【答案】1.down2.qualified3.enthusiastic4.assignment5.perseverance6.resolution7.Unfortunately8.guidance9.mitment10.cruelty知識應用四、（遼寧省聯(lián)合體20242025學年高三上學期11月期中）閱讀理解Forestshavebeenembracedasanaturalclimatesolution,duetotheirabilitytosoakupcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereastheygrow,lockingitupintheirtrunks,branches,leaves,androots.ButanewstudyconfirmswidespreaddoubtsaboutthepotentialformostforestsintheWesternUStohelpcontrolclimatechange.PublishedinEarth’sFuture,thepaperanalyzedtrendsincarbonstorageacrosstheAmericanWestfrom2005to2019.LedbyJazlynnHall,aforestandlandscapeecologistatCaryInstituteofEcosystemStudies,theteamfoundthatthroughoutmostoftheregion,climatechangeandfiresmaybecausingforeststostorelesscarbon,notmore.“There’sagrowingtrendtouseforestsasnaturalclimatesolutions,”saidHall.“Manyclimatemitigation（減輕）pathwaysrelyinpartonadditionalforestcarbonstoragetokeepwarmingbelow1.5℃thiscentury.WewantedtoprovideabaselineforhowmuchcarboniscurrentlystoredinWesternforests,howit’schanging,andhowdisturbanceslikefireanddroughtposeathreattoclimatemitigationtargets.”TheauthorswarnthatmanyWesternforestscouldseearapidaccelerationofcarbonlossintheingyearsordecades.Thesechallengeshavethepotentialtopromisecarbonstoragecapacityandweakenourabilitytomitigateclimatechange,Hahcautions.Byprovidingafirenewviewofthreatsatlandscapeandregionallevels,Hallandcolleaguesprovideaframework（框架）thatcouldhelpforestmanagersadaptsitespecificstrategiestostrengthenforestresilience（復原力）.Theyalsoidentifytheremainingareaswiththelowestriskandhighestpotentialtostoreearbon,suchasthePacificNorthwest.“Ourstudydevelopsnewmethodstocarefullyestimateforestcarbonstorageataregionallevel,trackitovertime,andfindoutthecausesofchangesovertime,”saidHall.Heexpectsthemethodswillbeusefulinmonitoringcarbonstoragelevelsgoingforward,aswellasassessingthecarbonimpactsofmanagementeffortssuchasforestthinningandplannedburning.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“soakup”inparagraph1mean?A.Putdown. B.Takein. C.Bringup. D.Giveout.29.Whywasthestudyconducted?A.Tofindthebestforestsforcarbonstorage.B.Topromoteforests’carbonstoragecapacity.C.Toassessthecurrentsituationofforests.D.Tomeasurethecarbonreleasedintoforests.30.WhatcanwesayaboutthefuturetrendofWesternforests?A.Carbonlosswillspeedup. B.Theywillbeemoreresilient.C.Theywillstoremorecarbon. D.Theywillhavenoimpactonclimate.31.WhatistheprimaryfunctionofHall’sframeworkforforestmanagement?A.Predictingfutureforestgrowthrates.B.Identifyinghighriskareasforprotection.C.MappingalltheforestsintheWesternUS.D.Helpingmanagersadaptstrategiestoforests.【答案】本文是新聞報道。文章報道了一項新的科學研究，內容關于美國西部森林的碳儲存能力及其與氣候變化的關系。28.B詞句猜測題。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ockingitupintheirtrunks,branches,leaves,androots.（并將其鎖在樹干、樹枝、樹葉和樹根中。）”可推知，應是從大氣中吸收二氧化碳，才能將其鎖在樹干、樹枝、樹葉和樹根中，所以soakup應是“吸收”之意，和B項意思相近。故選B項。29.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““There’sagrowingtrendtouseforestsasnaturalclimatesolutions,”saidHall.“Manyclimatemitigation（減輕）pathwaysrelyinpartonadditionalforestcarbonstoragetokeepwarmingbelow1.5℃thiscentury.WewantedtoprovideabaselineforhowmuchcarboniscurrentlystoredinWesternforests,howit’schanging,andhowdisturbanceslikefireanddroughtposeathreattoclimatemitigationtargets.”（霍爾說：“利用森林作為自然氣候解決方案的趨勢越來越大?！薄霸S多減緩氣候變化的途徑在一定程度上依賴于額外的森林碳儲量，以將本世紀的氣溫保持在1.5℃以下。我們希望提供一個基線，了解目前西部森林中儲存了多少碳，它是如何變化的，以及火災和干旱等干擾如何對氣候減緩目標構成威脅。”）”可知，進行這項研究是為了評估森林的現(xiàn)狀。故選C項。30.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheauthorswarnthatmanyWesternforestscouldseearapidaccelerationofcarbonlossintheingyearsordecades.（作者警告說，在未來幾年或幾十年里，許多西部森林的碳損失可能會迅速加速。）”可知，西部森林的未來趨勢是碳的流失將會加速。故選A項。31.D細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Byprovidingafirenewviewofthreatsatlandscapeandregionallevels,Hallandcolleaguesprovideaframework（框架）thatcouldhelpforestmanagersadaptsitespecificstrategiestostrengthenforestresilience（復原力）.（通過對景觀和區(qū)域層面的威脅提供全新的看法，Hall及其同事提供了一個框架，可以幫助森林管理者適應特定地點的戰(zhàn)略，以加強森林的恢復力。）”可知，霍爾森林管理框架的主要功能是幫助管理者調整戰(zhàn)略以適應森林環(huán)境。故選D項。五、（湖北省宜昌一中、荊州中學2024205學年高二上學期十月聯(lián)考）七選五Howtochargeanelectricvehicle(EV)isoneofthebiggestconcernspeoplehavewhenworkingoutwhethergoingelectricisrightforthem.Itistruethatsometimesgainingaccesstoreliablechargingcanseemabittricky.36First,downloadanappwithaprehensivemapofthepublicchargingpointsshowingtheirlocations,howpowerfultheyare,andwhetherthey’reworking.Allthisisvitalinformationbecause,evenifyouhavepublicchargingpointsnearby,youwillneedalternativesincasethey’reinuse.37AgrowingnumberofpropertyownersarerentingouttheirchargingpointsanddrivewaystootherlocalEVdriverswhenthey’renotusingthem.38Thus,yourcargetscharged,theownersmakemoney,andemissionsarereduced.39

Forexample,whenyourcarisrunningoutofjuice,you’djustpulluptoabatterychangestationfromyourcarbrandandsitinthecarwhileafullychargedunitischangedin.TheChineseEVbrandNiodoesthis,butisn’tavailableintheUKasyet.Fornow,ifchargingaccessremainsdifficultforyou,it’sstillpossibletogoelectric—inpart.40Manyhybrid(混合)carsarenowgoodfor50milesofelectricrunningbeforeyouneedtousetheengine.So,ifmostofyourdrivingislocal,youmightonlyneedtofindachargeronceortwiceaweek,whileyouhavethebackupofafuelengineforlongjourneys.A．Butitmaybeeasierthanyouthink.B．Itactuallyworkedoutmuchcheaper.C．TherearealsootherinnovativewaystogetyourEVgoing.D．ApluginEVbinesapetrolenginewithasmallerbattery.E．A“fast”chargerusuallytakeseighthourstofullychargeanEV.F．Soyouneedtogetagoodfeelforwhereyournearestpointsare.G．Youcanfindamapofhomeownerswhosechargingpointsareavailable.【答案】36．A37．F38．G39．C40．D【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些給電動汽車找到可靠的充電電源的方法。36．根據(jù)上文“Itistruethatsometimesgainingaccesstoreliablechargingcanseemabittricky.(的確，有時獲得可靠的充電似乎有點棘手。)”和下文介紹的方法可知，上文提到獲取可靠的充電可能會有點棘手，而下文則給出了解決這個問題的方法，因此可以推斷出，雖然獲取充電可能有些困難，但實際上可能比你想象的要容易一些。A項：Butitmaybeeasierthanyouthink.(但這可能比你想象的要容易。)符合語境。故選A。37．根據(jù)上文“Allthisisvitalinformationbecause,evenifyouhavepublicchargingpointsnearby,youwillneedalternativesincasethey’reinuse.(所有這些都是至關重要的信息，因為即使你附近有公共充電點，你也需要替代品以防它們被使用。)”可知，上文提到，即使附近有公共充電點，你也需要備用方案以防它們被占用。因此，你需要了解最近的充電點的位置，以便在需要時能夠找到它們。F項：Soyouneedtogetagoodfeelforwhereyournearestpointsare.(所以你需要對離你最近的充電點有一個很好的了解。)符合語境。故選F。38．根據(jù)上文“AgrowingnumberofpropertyownersarerentingouttheirchargingpointsanddrivewaystootherlocalEVdriverswhenthey’renotusingthem.(越來越多的業(yè)主在不使用充電點和車道時將其出租給其他當?shù)仉妱悠囁緳C。)”可知，上文提到越來越多的業(yè)主將其充電點和車道出租給其他本地電動車司機，因此可以推斷出需要一種方式來找到這些可用的充電點。G項：Youcanfindamapofhomeownerswhosechargingpointsareavailable.(你可以在地圖上找到有充電站的房主。)符合語境。故選G。39．根據(jù)下文“Forexample,whenyourcarisrunningoutofjuice,you’djustpulluptoabatterychangestationfromyourcarbrandandsitinthecarwhileafullychargedunitischangedin.(例如，當你的車沒電了，你只需把車停在你的汽車品牌的電池更換站，坐在車里等待充滿電的電池更換。)”可知，下文提到了換電站的例子，說明除了上文提到的充電方法，還有其他創(chuàng)新的方式可以讓電動車充電后行駛。C項：TherearealsootherinnovativewaystogetyourEVgoing.(還有其他創(chuàng)新的方法可以讓你的電動汽車行駛起來。)符合語境。故選C。40．根據(jù)上文“Fornow,ifchargingaccessremainsdifficultforyou,it’sstillpossibletogoelectricinpart.(就目前而言，如果充電對你來說仍然很困難，在某種程度上，還是有可能使用電動汽車的。)”可知，上文提到，如果充電仍然困難，仍然有可能選擇使用電動車。而D選項提到的插電式電動汽車（pluginEV）正好符合這種描述，它結合了汽油發(fā)動機和較小的電池。D項：ApluginEVbinesapetrolenginewithasmallerbattery.(插入式電動汽車將汽油發(fā)動機和較小的電池結合在一起。)符合語境。故選D。六、（云南省昆明市尋甸縣第一中學20242025學年高三上學期8月月考）應用文寫作假定你是李華，你校將舉行以“MyFavoriteFood”為題的英語演講比賽。請你寫一篇演講稿參賽，內容包括：1.最喜歡的食物；2.喜歡的理由。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。MyFavoriteFood__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】MyFavoriteFoodHello,everyone!TodayI’mexcitedtosharewithyoumypassionformyfavouritefood—tofu.Tofuismadefromsoybeansandhasimpressedmewithitstasteandhealthbenefits.Tofucanbeenjoyed