Period2UsinglanguageUnit5Ontheroad1.v.-ing形式作定語.2.v.-ing形式作定語的使用.LearningaimsLeading-in語法現(xiàn)象感知1.TheBerninaExpressfollowsarouterunningfromEasternSwitzerlandtoNorthernItaly.2.Thelandscapeliningtherouteisbeautifulanddramatic,withsnowymountainsandgreenvalleys.

Grammar

一、v.-ing形式作定語的位置1.現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)作定語，可表示主動和動作正在進行，其被動形式(beingdone)通常表示被動的、正在進行的動作。2.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句。3.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語分為前置定語和后置定語：(1)單個現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時，一般會放在被修飾的名詞之前，說明被修飾名詞的性質(zhì)或特征等，構(gòu)成前置定語。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語時，一定放在被修飾成分的后面，構(gòu)成后置定語。例句：Heisanattackingplayer.他是一個攻擊型的運動員。Alittlechildlearningtowalkoftenfalls.學走路的小孩常常摔跤。Doyouknowthenumberofpeoplecomingtotheparty?你知道來參加晚會的人數(shù)嗎?當v.-ing形式作后置定語時，可以相當于相應的定語從句。Ayoungmanwritingnovelscametospeaktousyesterday.Ayoungmanwhowritesnovelscametospeaktousyesterday.一位寫小說的年輕人昨天來向我們做報告。Thegirlsittingnexttomewasmycousin.Thegirlwhowassittingnexttomewasmycousin.坐在我旁邊的姑娘是我表妹。二、v-ing形式作定語通常從以下三方面考查：1.說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)、特征或用途。現(xiàn)在分詞和所修飾的名詞之間沒有主謂關系，定語相當于一個介詞for引導的短語。Theysetupanoperatingtable(=atableforoperating)inasmalltemple.他們將手術臺架設在一座小廟里。Hemaybeinthe

readingroom(aroomforreading).他可能在閱覽室里。2.與被修飾詞為主動關系且表示正在進行的動作無論現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語還是后置定語，在邏輯上與所修飾的名詞之間為主謂關系，都可改成定語從句。Therewereabout200childrenstudying(whowerestudying)intheartschool.有大約兩百個孩子在這所藝術學校學習。Whoisthetalkingwoman(whoistalking)overthere？正在那邊說話的那位婦女是誰?3.有些，v-ing形式已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞，常作定語，用來修飾物，表示“令人……”。這類詞也可以轉(zhuǎn)換成定語從句。常用的此類詞有:exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discourging，pleasing,striking,boring,tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。Thatmusthavebeenaterrifyingexperience.那一定是一段可怕的經(jīng)歷。（2022·北京高考）Forinstance,wemustexercisedailyregardlessofourageandworkingstyle.例如，無論我們的年齡和工作方式如何，我們都必須每天鍛煉。三、如果v-ing形式與被修飾詞是被動關系，就用它的被動式，即beingdone作定語。beingdoing通常表示正在被做，常作后置定語。Thetallbuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewschool.建設中的高樓是我們的新學校。Thequestionbeingdiscussedwaspresentedbytheheadmaster。討論中的問題是校長提出的。Summary

現(xiàn)在分詞作定語構(gòu)成基本用法基本形式v-ing變形:beingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone1.單個現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，置于被修飾詞前，叫前置定語。2.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，置于被修飾詞后，叫后置定語。3.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，可轉(zhuǎn)換為定語從句。Exercise.Ⅰ改寫短語1.the___________room=theroomformeeting2.a____________stick=astickforwalking3.anembarrassingquestion=question____________________4.asleepingchild=achild_________________________________5.alisteningchild=achild___________________________Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnandMarywastheeditorofthecampusnewspaper.meetingwalkingwhichisembarrassingwhoissleepingwhoislistening→Theyoungman_________________________________betweenJohnandMarywastheeditorofthecampusnewspaper.2.ThemanstandingattheschoolgatewasProfessorHua.→Theman_________________________attheschoolgatewasProfessorHua.3.ThebikewhichisbeingrepairedbelongstoMrSmith.→Thebike__________________belongstoMrSmith.who/thatwassittingwho/thatwasstandingbeingrepaired4.Thetopicbeingdiscussedisaboutenvironmentalproblems.→Thetopic________________________________isaboutenvironmentalproblems.5.Iliketowatchtheleaveswhichare