大學(xué)英語六級考試模擬題（六）

PartII

ListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeach

conversation.youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationand(hequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

marked(A),(B),(C)and(D).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingle

linethroughthecentre.

QuestionsIto4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.(A)Ithasattractedmoreinvestments.(C)Ithasgainedemployees'respect.

(B)Ithasearnedcustomerloyalty.(D)Ithasattainedhigherproductivity.

2.(A)Itkeepsinnovatingitsdrinks.(C)Itoffersseasonaldiscounts.

(B)Iltakescareofitsemployees.(D)Itservesgreat-tastingcoffee.

3.(A)Whentheytraveltoothercities.(C)Whentheyarenotbusywithwork.

(B)Whentheywanttospendtimealone.(D)Whentheyneedanenergyboost.

4.(A)Tobecomeinternationallyrecognizable.(B)lbbuildapositivebrandimage.

(C)Toprovideagreatcustomerexperience.(D)Toexpanditsbusinessonline.

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.(A)Practicingbaseball.(C)Readingbooks.

(B)Stayinghome.(D)Takingapart-timejob.

6.(A)It'sawasteoftime.(C)It'stoobusytohandle.

(B)It'sapieceofcake.(D)It'shelpfultolearning.

7.(A)Anadministrativeassistant.(C)Adataanalyst.

(B)Acorporatetrainer.(D)Asalesmerchandiser.

8.(A)Itonlyopensinwinter.(C)Itisanidealplaceforskiing.

(B)Ithasprettygoodscenery.(D)Itharborsvariouswildanimals.

SectionB

Directions：Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,you

willhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarked(A),(B),(C)and(D).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.(A)Itisnegativelystereotypedbyourculture.

(B)Howweviewitshapesourlifeexperiences.

(C)Ithasmorepositivethannegativeaspects.

(D)Ourunhappinessinlifemightspeeditup.

10.(A)Theyaregenerallyhappierthanoldpeople.

(B)Theytendtoputcareeraheadoffamily.

(C)Theyarereluctanttochangetheircareers.

(D)Theyrealizetheirdreamsmaynotbefulfilled.

11.(A)Theyareabletoliveinthepresentmoment.

(B)Theyarepronetoneurologicaldiseases.

(C)Theyenjoyspendingtimewithchildren.

(D)Theycanbemoreproductivethanyoungpeople.

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

12.(A)Itbringshighfinancialrisks.

(B)Itushersinacashlesssociety.

(C)It'saboosttoeconomicgrowth.

(D)It'stransformingthefinancialindustry.

13.(A)Fintechfillingapsthatfinancialinstitutionsleavebehind.

(B)MostKenyanshavenoaccesstotraditionalbankingservices.

(C)Kenyahasthemostadvancedmobilebankingsystem.

(D)FintechisrevolutionizingtliebankingsectorinKenya.

14.(A)Theyarefreefromhumanerrors.

(B)Theyaremoreaffordableandaccessible.

(C)Theyaremoreefficientandexperienced.

(D)Theypromisehigherinvestmentreturns.

15.(A)Theyareoutofregulators'control.

(B)Borrowersusuallydefaultontheirloans.

(C)Theyseitoomuchmoneyasidejustincase.

(D)Theycanposeriskstocompaniesandconsumers.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflectuesortalksfollowedbythreeor

fourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmust

choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked(A),(B),(C)and(D).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.(A)ThecolonialexpansionoftheGreatBritain.

(B)Therapiddevelopmentofcommunication.

(C)Tlieenormousefficienciesfactoriesbroughtabout.

(D)Theemergenceofcapitalismandfreemarket.

17.(A)Manyworkerslosttheirlivesinthefactories.

(B)SlaveryintheU.S.wasfartherextended.

(C)Laborconditionswerelargelyimproved.

(D)Tobaccobecameoneofthemostimportantcommodities.

18.(A)Heappliedtheassemblylinetoproduction.

(B)Hefoundedacharitableorganization.

(C)HewasadevotedChristian.

(D)Hcwastedalotoflaborpower.

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.(A)Itisaverybeautifultouristattraction.

(B)Itusedtobearichandfertilefarmland.

(C)Itisperfectlysuitablefbrahugesolarfarm.

(D)Itishometotheworld'slargestpowerstation.

20.(A)Itusessemiconductorstoproduceelectricity.

(B)Itcannotproduceelectricityatnight.

(C)Itisnoteasilyaffectedbysandstorms.

(D)ItismoresuitabletotheSaharaDesert.

21.(A)Theyareacommontypeofsolartechnology.

(B)Theycannotproduceelectricityoncloudydays.

(C)Theyperformbeuerinextremelyhocweather.

(D)Theydon'tinvolvetheuseofwaterresources.

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

22.(A)Helivesafocusedlifeinanoisyworld.

(B)Heconductedasurveyoninternetaddiction.

(C)Hewroteabookaboutattentionmechanism.

(D)Hecallsforthoughtfuluseoftechnology.

23.(A)Theyreacttodangerinasimilarwaytothoseofpigeons.

(B)Theyenableustogainknowledgeandputitintopractice.

(C)Theymakeithardforustoresistourcravingfbrsocialapproval.

(D)Theykeepusworryingaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofus.

24.(A)Bytacklingtheirvulnerabilities.

(B)Bydesigningtoolstogetusershooked.

(C)Byofferingpersonalizedexperience.

(D)Byimprovingthecontentquality.

25.(A)Peoplecangetmuchpleasurefromthedigitalworld.

(B)Peopledon'tcareabouttheamountoftimespentonline.

(C)Peoplecannotremovetheirdigitaldevicesaltogether.

(D)Peopleasasocialspeciesneedtointeractwithothers.

PartIII

ReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectone

wordfbreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthe

passagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentified

byaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterfbreachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingle

linethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

"Illbehappywhen.."Fillintheblankwiththatonething,thatonegoalthatyouthinkwill

finallymakeyouhappy.Landyourdreamjob?Winthatbigclient?Buyahouse?Whilesetting

andachievinggoalscanimproveyourhappiness,beingunhappynowandbelievingyouwillbe

happyonceyouachieveyourgoalsisa(n)26__belief.HappinessexpertGillianMandichsays

thiswayofthinkingcanactuallyleadto27andtoxicemotions.

"Peopleoftenfbcustoomuchonthenotewonhyhighpoints(thevacation,voyage,orfeast)

andtoolittleontheday-to-dayeventsthathaveamore28effectonoverallhappiness,"says

Mandich.Livingin29ofthesebiglifemomentswon'tactuallyleadtolasting,meaningful

happiness.

Thereasonforthisissomethingcalled“hedonicadaptation/'Humansare30goodat

adaptingtochangesinourlives.Thistraitis31tousinmanywaystogetthroughhardtimes

andadapttonewsurroundings;however,italsomeansthatwhenweachievesomethingthat

shouldbringgreathappiness;suchasgettinganewcar,anewjob,oranewrelationship,we

adapttooquickly.Thosenewthingsbecome32veryquicklyandthatamazingburstof

happinessisjustatemporarydose.

Butthat'snottheonlyreasonlivingforthebiggoalswon'tleadtolasting

happiness.Mandichsaysonly10%ofourhappinessisdeterminedbyour33,while40%ofour

happinessisdeterminedbyour34thoughtsandbehaviorand50%ofourhappinessis

geneticallydetermined.So,ifbeinghappyonceweachievethatmajormilestoneonlyaccounts

for10%ofhappiness,thinkingyou'llbehappywhenyouachievethatbiggoaljustisn'tgoing

tocutit.Achievinglong-lastinghappinessmeans35ondailydoses,ratherthanjustthosemajor

events.

(A)beneficial(I)keeping(B)circumstances(J)possessions

(B)depression(K)profound(D)erroneous(L)pursuit

(E)everyday(M)rarely(F)failures(N)remarkably

(G)familiar(O)reminding(H)focusing

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraph

fromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Each

paragraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionbymarkingthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2.

TheSuburbsAreCoiningtoaCityNearYou

[A]Agenerationortwoago,thewell-to-dotendedtofleetothesuburbswhentheymarriedor

hadkids.Today,they'retheoneswhooftenopttostaypui(留在原地)，evenwithlargefamilies.

Andsomebabyboomerswholefttoraisekidshavereturned.Sodevelopersareofferingthem

big-boxstores,foodcourts,easyparkingandhouse-likeapartments,allwithouthavingtoleave

thecity.

[B]Forthefirsttimesincetheinventionofthecar,manycitiessawtheirpopulationsgrow

fasterthantheirsuburbsbetween2010and2015,saidWilliamH.Frey,ademographer(人口統(tǒng)計

學(xué)家）withtheBrookingsInstitution.Thedensesturbanneighborhoodsoncetendedcobeamix

oflower-incomeresidentsandthewealthy,butthatbalancehasshifted.In2000,thepeople

mostlikelyioliveinihchighestdensityneighborhoodswerelowincome,saidJedKolkojhe

chiefeconomistofthewebsiteIndeed.By2014,thewealthiest10percentofhouseholds

werejustaslikelyasthepoorest10percenttoliveinhigh-densityneighborhoods.

[C]Thedividinglinebetweenurbanandsuburbanlimitshasalwaysbeenalittleobscurein

mostcities,manyofwhichhavetheirownvaststretchesofsingle-familyhomeswithattached

garages.Butthegeneralideawasthatthesuburbsofferedcomfortandpersonalspace,private

backyardsandabedroomfbreachkid.Citylivingwasmoreexcitingandofferedcultureanda

morediversemixofeverything,butrequiredsomesacrifice.Apartmentsweresmaller,parking

aheadacheandabackyardunimaginable.

[DJToday,thecostofcitylivinginmanyareasishigherbutthetrade-offs（妥協(xié)）fbrthose

whocanafforditarefewer.Theresultisthattheideaofacityitselfischanging.Insome

ways,livinginadenseurbanareahasbecomemuchmorepleasantforcertaintypesof

people-namelytheaffluentandthosewhoprizeproximitytotheactionaboveallelse.Youcan

nowlivewithineasywalkingdistanceofyourfavoriterestaurants,goseeaplayandshopat

Targetnearby.Butwhatdoesitmeanwhenurbanlivingbecomesaluxurygoodandalifestyle

brand?

[ElInmanyAmericancitiesanddowntownareas,newresidentialdevelopmentisnowheavily

skewed（歪斜）towardmoreexpensive,largerapartmentsandcondos（公寓套間）。Twenty

yearsago,justovr5percentofnewcondosthatsoldinManhattanhadthreeorfourbedrooms.

Inthefirstquarterofthisyear,nearly19percentofthemdid,accordingtotheappraisalfirm

MillerSamuel.Aslandcostsrise,developerscanmakemoremoneybuildingatthetopendof

themarketandignoringthemiddle.

[F]Big-boxretailers,thoseshoppinghallmarks（標(biāo)志）ofsuburbia,arealsomovinginto

cities.NeilSaunders,themanagingdirectorofGlobalData'sretaildivision,saysmanysuburbs

arcalreadysaturatedwithbig-boxstoresandnotseeingthesamnegrowththeyusedto,making

expansionintocitiesamoreattractiveoptionforchains.Target,withitshugeselectionof

everythingfromgroceriestofurniture,isaprimeexampleofthistrend,inthe1990s,itwentbig

onTargetGreatlandandSuperTargetstoresinthesuburbsandexurbs（遠(yuǎn)郊）.Thenin2012,the

companywentintheoppositedirection.By2017,Targethadopened30smaller-formatstoresin

denseareas,someassmallas12,000squarefeet.Thisyear,itwillopen30paredwith

justtwonewsuburbanstores.

[G]TheurbanTargetsareawayforthecompanytogetstoresclosetowherepeopleare

moving,saidJacquelineDcBuse,aTargetspokeswoman.Thecompanyisstillresearchingand

adaptingtowhatsellsbestatthesmallstores.Onethingithaslearned:Citydwellerslendto

walkortakepublictransittostoresanddon'tbuymuchinbulk,soyouwon'tfindthingslike

24-packpapertowelsinurbanTargets.

[HJCityshoppingincreasinglyincludestheultimatesymbolofsuburbia:malls.AttheHudson

YardsdevelopmentinManhattan,aseven-storyindoormallisanchoredbythecity'sfirst

NeimanMarcusdcpanmcntstore."Ikindofseeitlikeasuburbantowncenterrightatyour

doorstep,“saidSherryTobak,aseniorvicepresidentwithRelated,thedeveloperofHudson

Yards.Andifyoumisssuburbanmallfoodcourts,you'venowgot叩sco/e（高檔的）versionsof

themcroppingupincities,rebrandedasfoodhalls.Denverhasatleasthalfadozenofthese

withincitylimits,includingBroadwayMarket,wherelocalvendorssellempanadas,sushiand

Romanpizza.

[IJSomecitiesandneighborhcodsaregettingmoreofanotherthingoftenassociatedwith

suburbia:whitepeople.WhitepopulationgrowthintheUnitedStatesisdecliningandcities

aren't,onthewhole,gettingwhiterbutsomeneighborhoodsare.In2000,thenearbyBrooklyn

neighborhoodsofBrooklynHeightsandFortGreene,fbrexample,hadacombinedblack

populationofabout45,000andawhitepopulationofabout37,000.By2015,therewere32,000

blackresidentsand62,000whites,accordingtodatafromtheNewYorkCitycompiroller（審計

官）compiledbyCityLabandEsriMedia.

[J]IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,58percentofthepopulationin2015wasmadeupofpeople

ofcolor,upfrom34percentfrom1980,accordingtoastudybyPolicyLinkandtheprogramfor

environmentalandregionalequityattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Theshareof

minoritiesinthepopulationisexpectedtogrowduringthenextfewdecadeseverywhereinthe

region-exceplforinthecityofSanFrancisco.

[K]Thereturnofaffluentwhitestocitieshasmadeforasomethingofareversalofthe

white-flightphenomenonoftheearlyandmid-20thcentury,whenmiddleclassandwealthy

whitesleftcitiesenmasse（一齊）fbrthehomogeneoussuburbs.Blacksandotherminorities

wereeffectivelybarredfromdoingthesamebecauseofredlining（拒貸經(jīng)濟(jì)歧視）andother

racisttactics.Recently,though,suburbanareashaveexperiencedgrowthintheirblack

populations.<4Wesawarealblackflightbetween2000and2010tothesuburbs,5,saidMr.Frey.

[L]Althoughmostsuburbsremainlargelywhite,ingeneralsuburbiaisbecomingfarmore

raciallymixed.Today,36ofthecountry's100largestmetropolitansuburbshavepopulationsthat

areatleast35percentminority.Suburbsarestartingtolookmorelikecitiesinotherways,

too.Manycommutertownsandexurbshaveurbanizedintheirownways.Shoppingmallshave

beentransformedintodowntown-likeretailcorridors.Inashiftfromthesingle-familyhome

sprawlthatdominatedinapreviousgeneration'sversionofsuburbanlife,condoandapartment

developmentisboominginmanysuburbs.

[M]Ofcourse,manypeoplewholiveincitieswillstillendupmovingtothesuburbsatsome

point,andtherearesignsthattheurbanmigrationtrendisslowing:From2015to

2017,populationgrowthincitiesoverallslowedsomewhat,whilesuburbanareasgained,said

Mr.Frey.

[N]InexpensivecitieslikeNewYorkandSanFrancisco,thepeoplewhodoheadforgreener,

suburbanpasturestendtobemiddle-classmillennialsinsearchofaffordablehousing(no

wonderverylittlenewurbanhousingtodayisdesignedforthem)orbetterpublicschoolsfor

theirchildren.Butthesedays,thesearchforahousewithagarageandabackyardrends(o

happenlaterinlife.InNewYork,theaverageagefbrafirst-timemotherisnow31;inSan

Franciscoit's32.

[O]4tYoungpeoplehavealwaysgonetocities,andthenwhentheyhavekidsmovedtothe

suburbs,“saidMr.Frey.Millennialshavefollowedthatsamemold,heexplained.Theyjustget

startedlater.Andevenwhentheyleavethecitytoraisetheirkids,they'vespentyearsreshaping

itbeforetheyleave.

36.Inmanysuburbs,theoncedominantsingle-familydwellingsaregivingwaytoapartments

andcondos.

37.Urbanresidentstendtofavorgoodsinsmallpacketsastheyoftengotostoresonfootor

bypublictransportation.

38.Inthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,millionsofmiddle-andupper-incomewhiteAmericans

flockedtothesuburbs.

39.Theaffluentnowadaystendtostayincitiesratherthanmovetothesuburbswhenstarting

afamily.

40.Withlittleroomforfurtherdevelopmentinthesuburbs,Targetdecidedtoexpandinto

citiesbyopeningsmallerstores.

41.Somemillennialsaremovingtothesuburbsforcheaperhousesandbetterschools.

42.Peopleusedtobelievethatthesuburbscouldoffermorecomfortaridprivacythancities.

43.Despiteanationaldeclineinwhitepopulationgrovth,someturtannecighborthoodsare

getingwhiter.

44.NewhousingconstructioninmanyAmerficancitiesisoven^helminglygearedtowardthe

luxurymarket.

45.Aftertheinventionoftheautomobile,populationhadbengrowingslowerinmany

citiesthanintheirsuburbsfbralongtime.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfblorvedbysomequestions

orunfinishedslalemenls.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked(A),(B),(C)and(D).

YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Discussionsabout(hefutureofworkoftenrevolvearoundonemajorpointofcontention:

theimpactofautomationontheworkforce.Pessimistsbelievethathumanswillbemade

redundantbyartificialintelligenc3(AI)androbotsjeavingthemunabletofindworkinafuture

deprivedofjobs.Optimistsbelievethathistoricalnormswillreassertthemselvesand

technologywillcreatemorejobsthanitdestroys,resultinginnewoccupationsthatrequirenew

skillsandknowledgeandnewwaysofworking.

Rarelydoesanyoneengagedinthisdebatestepbacktoexaminewhatismeantby

work.Yetboththepessimisticandoptimisticviewsarefoundedonaculturallybound

conceptionofwork,shapedby:heideasandpracticesoftheIndustrialRevolution.Inthis

conception,workisseenastheperformanceofawell-definedtaskorsetoftasks,laidout

sequentially,inassembly-linefashion,toachieveaparticularoutcome.Efficiencygainscome

fromspecialization,whichallowsworkerstobecomebetterandfasteratagiventaskthrough

practice,andfromautomation,whichreplacesthehumantaskperformerwithanevenbetterand

fastermachine.

Ifworkisviewedessentiallyasacollectionoftasks,thenAl'sgrowingcapabilitiesmay

indeedseemtroublesome,raisingthethreatthatmostorallhumanworkwillsimplybe

automatedaway.Butisittime,inthispost-industrialage,toconsideradifferentpath?AsAI

becomesmorecapableandflexible,mightitnotenableworkitselftobereconstructed?

Atomizingworkintoapredefinedsetoftaskssuitsneitherhumannorintelligentmachine.

Tobesure,peoplecanperformspecializedtasks,andAlcanbeusedtoautomatethem.But

realizingourfullpotcntial-andthatofourtcchnologics-maylieinputtingthembothtoamore

substantiveuse,witheachaugmentingtheother'scapabilities.

Considerhowhumansandmachinescouldproductivelyinteractifworkwereorganized

aroundproblenmstobesolved,notprocesestobeexecuted.Insuchanenvironment

managennontoftheproblemdefinitionbecomestheesesobeexcemianstakeresponsibilityfor

shapingtheproblem-whatdatatoconsider,whatgoodlookslikeandforevaluatingthe

appropriatenessandcompletenessofthesolution.Automation,includingAl,augmentsthiswork

withasetofdigitalbehaviorsthatreplicatespecifichumanactions-butwiththeadvantageof

usingmoredatatoprovidemorepreciseanswers,whilenotfallingpreytothecognitivebiases

towhichhumansareprone.

Reframingworkfromtaskobedonetoproblemtobesolved-andtheconsequent

reframingofautomationfromthereplicationoftaskstothereplicationofbehaviors-couldgive

ustheopportunitytomakethemostofAl'scapabilities,aswellasourown.

46.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofrhedebateoverautomation'simpactonwork?

(A)Ithelpsustoredefinethemeaningofwork.

(B)Il'sbasedonanold-fashionedideaofwork.

(C)ItdatesbacktotheIndustrialRevolution.

(D)ItfailstoconsidertherealthreatofAI.

47.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofAI?

(A)Itcancoexistwithhumansintheworkforce.

(B)Itcanonlyperformspecializedtasksnow.

(C)Itislikelytoreplacemosthumanjobs.

(D)Itincreasesthedemandforhumanlabor.

48.Whatishumans'mainrolewhenworkisorganizedaroundproblemstobesolved?

(A)Todefinetheproblem.(C)Toexecutetheprocess.

(B)Tofindthesolution.(D)Toanalyzethedata.

49.Whatcanwelearnaboutautomationasthereplicationofbehaviors?

(A)Itmightweakenhumans'capabilities.

(B)Itcouldchangehowwethinkaboutwork.

(C)Ithasanaccuracyadvantageoverhumans.

(D)Itcanbecompromisedbyhumanbiases.

50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

(A)Tacklingthethreatofautomation.(C)Bridgingthehuman-machinegap.

(B)Liberatinghumansfromlabor.(D)Rethinkingtheconceptofwork.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

e(水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖)isoftenpromotedasasustainablealternativetocatchingwild

fish-awaytoreducepressureonover-exploitedstoroksvehileprovidingafiordableandnecesan

proteinforpeople'sdiets.

It'sanargumentputforwardbymajorinternationalorgamizationsliketheWorldBank.

Butit'sanargumentthatdoesn'tholdup,acordingematonalorganizationslinessuggostthat

aquacultureisjustaddingtoseafoodproduction,notvinreseanosraintectsaysStefanoLongoa

socialscientistwhostudiestheinteractionsbetweenhumanandecologicalsystems.

Longoandhiscolleaguesusedstatisticalmodelstoanalyzeglobalaquacultureproduction

andwildfishharvestsfrom1970to2014.Theycomparedthetotalweightofaquaculture

productionwiththetotalweightofwild-caughtfishpercapita.Theyfoundthatincreasesin

aquacultureproductiondidnotresultinfewerwildfishbeingcaught,andmayhavecontributed

toanincreaseddemandforseafood.

Theeffectissimilartohowtheintroductionofenergy-efficientLEDlightbulbsdidnot

resultintheexpectedreductionintotalenergyuse-instead,peoplesimplyusedmorelight

bulbs,astheywerecheapertorun."Thenotionthataquacultureissustainable,andhelps

conservemarinespecies,isdisMge"“。如(不真誠的)，“saysLongo/That'snotwhatthey're

doing.They'reproducingacommodityforconsumption.M

Amajorreasonforthelackofanysubstitutioneffectwithaquaculture,saysLongo,isthat

manyfarmedspecies,suchassalmon,arctoppredatorssofarmingthemrequiresfeedmade

fromotherfish.Eveniffarmingsalmonmeansfewerwildsalmonarebeingcaught,salmon

productionstillresultsinmorebaitfish(餌魚)beingcaughtforfeed."It'spossiblethatwcarc

noteatingasmuchwildsalmon,but,atasocietallevel,theproductionofsalmonbecomesan

avenueforincreasedseafoodconsumption,"saysLongo.

Aquaculturecompaniesareawareofthiscritiqueandaretryingtodevelopmore

sustainablefoodsourcesfbrtheirfarmedfish.Butit'shardtotakeatopmarinepredatorand

feeditsoy〃"/(黃豆粉).

Longostressesthatitisnotthetechnologyofaquacultureitselfthatisproblematic,but

howithasbeenused."Thegoalistoproduceandsellasmuchaspossible,that'showthe

economyoperates.It'sbasedongrowth,notconservation,Mhesays."Aquaculturecanbean

aspectofcreatingamoresustainablefoodsystem,itjusthasn'tbeenemployedinthatway.”

51.WhatdoestheWorldBankthinkofaquaculture?

(A)Itcanhelpreduceoverfishing.

(B)Itwillprovehighlylucrative.

(C)Itisaproteinsourcebetterthanwildfish.

(D)Itmaycausedamagetothemarinesystem.

52.WhatdoestheexampleofLEDlightbulbsservetoshow?

(A)Howaquacultureproductioncontributestoenvironmentalconservation.

(B)Howaquacultureproductionpromotesfishconsumption.

(C)Howaquacultureproductionachievessustainedrapidgrowth.

(D)Howaquacultureproducti