INDUSTRIES

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MARKETSProfessionalstaffingintheU.S.CHAPTER

01MarketoverviewStaffingandrecruitingindustrymarketsizeintheUnitedStatesfrom2012to2022withaforecastfor2023(inbillionU.S.dollars)StaffingandrecruitingindustrymarketsizeintheU.S.2012-2022250218218.8200186.9151.8148.3142.915010050138.4134.8126.2119.5119.4114.10201220132014201520162017201820192020*202120222023*3Description:Thestaffingindustrytookasignificanthitin2020owingtothecoronaviruspandemic,howeverbouncedbackstrongandhadarecordmarketsizein2022.Thiswasworthnearly220billionU.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2012to2022;*figuresareprojections.ReadmoreSource(s):StaffingIndustryAnalystsStaffingindustryrevenueworldwidefrom2008to2022(inbillionU.S.dollars)Revenueofglobalstaffingindustryworldwide2008-2022700600500648620497491466442428421409403404400300200100037535032528020082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021*20224Description:In2022,therevenueofthestaffingindustryworldwidetotaledalmost650billionU.S.dollars.Followingyearsofcontinuousgrowth,theglobalstaffingindustryrevenueamountedto442billionU.S.dollarsin2020duetothecoronavirus(COVID-19)outbreak.Theindustryhasbeenpredictedtobouncebackstrongly,generatingmorerevenuethanbeforethecoronaviruspandemicinboth2021and2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2008to2022;*forecast.Datapriorto2022camefromearlierpressreleases.

ReadmoreSource(s):StaffingIndustryAnalysts;StaffingandrecruitingindustrysalesintheUnitedStatesfrom2002to2022(inbillionU.S.dollars)StaffingandrecruitingindustrysalesintheU.S.2002-2022200180160186168162161156150147140140140132126116114120100806040200112110102100927980812002

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20225Description:In2022,staffingandrecruitingindustrysalesintheUnitedStatesgrewsignificantlytoreachapproximately186billionU.S.dollars.Thiswasanincreaseofroughly18billionU.S.dollarswhencomparedtothepreviousyear.In2020,thelargeststaffingandrecruitmentfirmworldwidewasRandstad,withmorethan20billionU.S.dollarsinrevenue.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2002to2022Source(s):AmericanStaffingAssociation;StaffingIndustryAnalysts;USDepartmentofCommerceAgencyworkindustrysalesrevenueinselectedcountriesworldwidein2021(inbillioneuros)Agencyworkindustrysalesrevenueinselectedcountriesworldwide2021Salesrevenueinbillioneuros80

1000204060120140160180200UnitedStatesJapan18773UnitedKingdomGermanyAustraliaNetherlandsFrance5740322121CanadaChina1717Italy14SwitzerlandIndia119BelgiumSpain87Austria46Description:In2021,thecountrywiththehighestagencyworkindustrysalesrevenuewastheUnitedStates,withatotalofalmost190billioneuros.SecondinthelistwasJapan,withlessthanhalfthatoftheUnitedStates.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2021Source(s):StaffingIndustryAnalysts;WorldEmploymentConfederationLargeststaffingfirmsintheUnitedStatesin2022,rankedbyrevenue(inbillionU.S.dollars)LargeststaffingfirmsintheU.S.byrevenue2022RevenueinbillionU.S.dollars100Adecco515202524.8130Manpower19.8AllegisGroup13.4RobertHalfInternationalKellyServices7.245Randstad4.9ExpressEmploymentProfessionalsEmployBridge4.463.8TrueBlueActOne2.31.17Description:Intermsofrevenue,AdeccowastheclearleaderintheU.S.staffingmarket.Thecompanygeneratedroughly24.8billionU.S.dollarsin2022,fivebillionU.S.dollarsmorethantheirclosestcompetitorinManpower.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022Source(s):ZippiaCHAPTER

02SegmentsAnnualrevenueofthestaffingindustryworldwidefrom2019to2021,bysegment(inbillioneuros)Annualrevenueofthestaffingindustryworldwidebysegment2019-2021201920202021450417390.340035030025020015010050268.782716359.437.833.75.75.16.31.92.21.70AgencyworkManagedservicesprovidersDirectrecruitmentRecruitmentprocessoutsourcingCareermanagement9Description:Agencyworkwasbyfarthelargestsectoroftheglobalstaffingindustryin2021,contributingaround420billioneurooftheindustry'stotalrevenue.Thiswasamonumentalincreaseof72percentwhencomparedto2020,withtheCOVID-19recoveryinfullswing.Overall,thetotalmarketsizeoftheglobalstaffingindustrygrewbyanunprecedented22.6percentbetween2020and2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2019to2021Source(s):StaffingIndustryAnalysts;WorldEmploymentConfederationDistributionofstaffingandrecruitingindustrysalesintheUnitedStatesfrom2015to2022,bycategoryDistributionofstaffingandrecruitingindustrysalesintheU.S.2015-2022TemporaryandcontractSearchandplacement120%100%80%60%40%20%0%14%86%201514%86%201614%86%201715%15%13%87%202014%86%202115%85%85%85%20182019202210Description:Between2015and2022,thevastmajorityofstaffingindustrysalesintheUnitedStatesweremadeupbythetemporaryandcontractcategory.Searchandplacementsalesmadeup15percentofstaffingandrecruitingindustrysalesintheUnitedStatesin2022.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2015to2022Source(s):AmericanStaffingAssociation;StaffingIndustryAnalysts;USDepartmentofCommerceServicerevenuebreakdownofRobertHalfInternationalin2022,bybusinesssegmentServicerevenueshareofRobertHalfInternationalbybusinesssegment2022Shareofrevenue6%

8%0%2%4%10%12%14%16%18%20%Permanentplacementtalentsolutions17.6%Protiviti13.7%Contracttalentsolutions10.9%11Description:In2022,thebusinesssegmentforRobertHalfInternationalthatcreatedthelargestshareofrevenueforthecompanywaspermanentplacementtalentsolutionswithapproximately18percent.ThebusinesssegmentwiththesecondlargestshareofrevenuewasProtiviti,withroughly14percent.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022;fiscalyearendsDecember31.Source(s):RobertHalfRevenueofASGNIncorporatedfrom2019to2022,bybusinesssegment(inmillionU.S.dollars)RevenueofASGNIncorporatedbybusinesssegment2019-2022CommercialFederalGovernment5,0004,5004,0003,5001,145.41,082.43,0002,5002,0001,5001,000500798.21,004.23,435.720222,927.120212,617.420192,497.92020012Description:TheannualrevenuegeneratedbyASGNIncorporated,formerlyOnAssignment,increasedsteadilybetween2019and2022.In2022,thecommercialsegmentofthecompanygeneratedarevenueofapproximately3.4billionU.S.dollars.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2019to2022Source(s):RevenueofKforceworldwidefrom2014to2022,bysegment(inmillionU.S.dollars)RevenueofKforcebysegment2014-2022TechnologyFinance&AccountingGovernmentSolutions1,8001,6001,4001,2001,000800600400200020142015201620172018201920202021202213Description:TheannualrevenuegeneratedbyKforceincreasedoverallbetween2014and2022.In2022,thecompanygeneratedarevenueofmorethan1.5billionU.S.dollarsfromprovidingstaffingservicestoclientsinthetechnologysegment.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2014to2022;FiscalyearendsDecember31Source(s):KforceCHAPTER

03LeadingcompaniesMarketcapitalizationofselectedcompaniesinprofessionalstaffingworldwideasofFebruary2023(inmillionU.S.dollars)Marketcapitalizationofselectedprofessionalstaffingcompanies2023MarketcapitalizationinmillionU.S.dollars01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,00010,000RobertHalfInternationalInc.ASGNIncorporatedKforceInc.ResourcesConnectionInc.MastechDigitalInc.BGSFInc.15Description:AsofFebruary2023,RobertHalfInternationalhadamarketcapitalizationofapproximately8.6billionU.S.dollars,makingittheleadingprofessionalstaffingcompanyonstockexchangesworldwide.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;asofFebruary2,2023Source(s):Kroll;S&PGlobalMarketIntelligenceNetservicerevenueofRobertHalfInternationalfrom2006to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)NetservicerevenueofRobertHalfInternational2006-20228,0007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,00002006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202216/statistics/789669/robert-half-international-net-service-revenueThenetservicerevenuegeneratedbyRobertHalfInternationalworldwideincreasedoverallfrom2006to2022,despitesomefluctuation.In2022,theprofessionalstaffingcompanyreportedanetservicerevenueofalmost7.24billionU.S.dollars.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2006toFY2022Source(s):RobertHalfServicecostsofRobertHalfInternationalfrom2012to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)ServicecostsofRobertHalfInternational2012-20224,5004,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,00050002012201320142015201620172018201920202021202217Description:ThedirectcostsofservicesofRobertHalfInternationalincreasedoverallbetween2012and2022.In2022,theAmericanstaffingcompanyreportedservicecostsofmorethan4.1billionU.S.dollars,arecordforthecompany.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2012toFY2022Source(s):RobertHalfRevenueofASGNIncorporatedfrom2012to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)RevenueofASGNIncorporated2012-20225,0004,5004,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,00050002012201320142015201620172018201920202021202218Description:TheannualrevenuegeneratedbyASGNIncorporated,formerlyknownasOnAssignment,increasedsteadilybetween2012and2022.In2022,theAmericanprofessionalstaffingcompanyreportedrevenueofroughly4.6billionU.S.dollars.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2012to2022Source(s):ASGNIncorporated'scostsofservicesfrom2012to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)ServicecostsofASGNIncorporated2012-20223,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,00050002012201320142015201620172018201920202021202219Description:ThecostofservicesofASGNIncorporated,formerlyknownasOnAssignment,increasedsteadilybetween2012and2022.In2022,theAmericanprofessionalstaffingcompanyreportedservicecostsofover3.2billionU.S.dollars.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2012to2022Source(s):RevenueofKforceworldwidefrom2012to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)RevenueofKforce2012-20221,8001,6001,4001,2001,00080060040020002012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220Description:TheannualrevenuegeneratedbyKforceincreasedsteadilybetween2016and2022.In2022,theprofessionalstaffingcompanyreportedrevenueofapproximately1.71billionU.S.dollars.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2012to2022;FiscalyearendsDecember31Source(s):KforceDirectcostsofKforcefrom2014to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)DirectcostsofKforce2014-20221,4001,2001,000800600400200020142015201620172018201920202021202221Description:TheannualcostsofservicesgeneratedbyKforceincreasedoverallbetween2014and2022,despitesomefluctuations.In2022,theprofessionalstaffingcompanyreportedcostsofservicesofapproximately1.2billionU.S.dollars.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2014to2022;FiscalyearendsDecember31Source(s):KforceCHAPTER

04ConsumptionGlobalagencyworkpenetrationratesinselectedcountriesfrom2021Globalagencyworkpenetrationratesinselectedcountries2021Penetrationrate0.0%UnitedKingdom0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%3.12%NetherlandsChina3.67%2.62%Japan2.94%France2.87%BelgiumAustria2.46%1.77%AustraliaSwitzerlandGermanyUnitedStatesIreland2.8%2.89%2.32%1.82%1.38%Sweden2.12%23Description:In2021,thecountrywiththehighestrateofagencyworkpenetrationwastheUnitedKingdom,withapproximatelythreepercentofitsworkforcecomingfromanagency.Agencyworkpenetrationratesimprovedsignificantlyonaglobalscalefollowingthefirstyearofthecoronaviruspandemic.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2021Source(s):WorldEmploymentConfederationNumberofcontractprofessionalsplacedbyASGNIncorporatedfrom2016to2022ASGNIncorporated'scontractprofessionals2016-202270,00060,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,0000201620172018201920202021202224Description:ThenumberofcontractprofessionalsemployedbyASGNIncorporatedworldwidefluctuatedbetween2016and2022,andpeakedat63,400in2019.In2022,theAmericanprofessionalstaffingcompanyemployedapproximately50,000contractprofessionals.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2016to2022Source(s):ASGNIncorporatedAnnualtemporaryandcontractstaffingemploymentintheUnitedStatesfrom2000to2022(inmillions)TemporaryandcontractstaffingemploymentintheU.S.2000-2022201816141210817.216.81615.615.514.7

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202225Description:In2022,temporaryandcontractstaffingemploymentintheUnitedStatescontinuedtomakearecoveryfollowingtheCOVID-19pandemic.Thisrepresentedanincreaseofapproximately500,000moreemployedinthisindustrywhencomparedtothepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2000to2022Source(s):AmericanStaffingAssociationAnnualtemporaryandcontractstaffingsalesintheUnitedStatesfrom2002to2022(inbillionU.S.dollars)*TemporaryandcontractstaffingsalesintheU.S.2002-2022180160140120158.1144.48137.7

136.85134.16129126.42121.8120.4114.84109.62102.697.4495.796.3210080604020089.769080.9672.970.468.732002

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202226Description:In2022,temporaryandcontractstaffingsalesintheUnitedStateswereworthapproximately158billionU.S.dollars.Thiswasanincreaseofroughly14billionU.Sdollarscomparedtothepreviousyearand90billionU.S.dollarssince2002.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2002to20202;*ValuesareStatista'scalculationsbasedonthepercentagesprovidedbythesource.2002valuetakenfromthepreviousissue.

ReadmoreSource(s):AmericanStaffingAssociation;StaffingIndustryAnalysts;USDepartmentofCommerceCHAPTER

05IndustrytrendsMainprioritiesaccordingtoprofessionalsatrecruitmentcompaniesinNorthAmericain2023StaffingfirmsinNorthAmerica-leadingpriorities202345%40%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%34%33%28%27%19%19%18%13%11%0%28Description:AsurveyconductedamongrecruitmentprofessionalsinNorthAmericaabouttheexpectationsandtrendsfor2023revealedthatthemainpriorityfororganizationsintheindustrywaswinningnewclients,indicatedby40percentoftherespondents.Moreover,digitaltransformationwasthesecondhighestpriorityfor2023,indicatedbyabout34percentofrespondents.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022;<2,000;NorthAmericanstaffingindustryprofessionalsSource(s):Bullhorn(GRID)Mainindustrychallengesforstaffingfirmsworldwidein2023Mainindustrychallengesforstaffingfirmsworldwide2023Shareofrespondents0%10%20%30%40%50%60%TalentshortageUncertaintyovereconomy56%33%ReductionsinjobrequisitionsfromclientsPricingpressure28%22%21%COVID-19impactsonlabormarketReskillingworkers17%16%16%Non-traditionallabormodelsDigitaltransformationCompetitionfromfreelanceplatformsDataprotectioncompliance12%8%29Description:Themainindustrychallengesforstaffingfirmsworldwiderevolvedaroundanxietiesintheglobaleconomyin2023.Respondentswerefromthefollowingcountriesandregions:DACH,Benelux,APAC,NorthAmerica,theUK,Ireland.Thetopchallengefacedwasatalentshortage,withuncertaintyovertheeconomyandpricingpressurenotfarbehind.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide,NorthAmerica,France,Ireland,UnitedKingdom,APAC;2023;<2,000;recruitmentagenciesSource(s):Bullhorn(GRID)Predictedrevenuechangeofstaffingfirmsworldwidefrom2022to2023Predictedrevenuechangeofstaffingfirmsworldwide2022-2023Year-on-yeargrowthupto10percentYear-on-yeargrowthbymorethan10percent80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%40%36%31%31%2022202330Description:Intheirpredictionsfor2023,staffingfirmswererelativelyhopefulregardingrevenuegrowth.36percentofrespondentsbelievedthatyear-on-yeargrowthwouldbemorethan10percent,whereas31percentsaidthatyear-on-yeargrowthwaspredictedtobeupto10percent.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,France,Ireland,UnitedKingdo