吉林省吉林市2020屆高三英語第三次調(diào)研測試試題（含解析）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡指定位置。2.請按題號順序在答題紙上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)整潔作答，超出區(qū)域答題無效。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanbuying?A.Ascarf.B.Ajacket.C.Asuit.2.Whatwouldthemanlike?A.CocaCola.B.Lemonsoda.C.Orangejuice.3.Whywillthestreetbedecorated?A.Tocelebrateafestival.B.Tomakethecitybeautiful.C.Towelesomefamousplayers.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onaboat.B.Onatrain.C.Onaplane.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shehatesmurderandwar.B.Peoplearebeingworse.C.She’soptimisticaboutpeople.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakersheading?A.ToNewYork.B.ToMexicoCity.C.ToArizona.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Findsomehelp.B.Gotoadrugstore.C.Getsomethingtoeat.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題8.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Buyanewwatch.B.Givethewatchaway.C.Taketheman’sadvice.9.Whatdoesthemansayabouthiswatch?A.Hedoesn’tbothertosetitright.B.Hespentalotofmoneyonit.C.Hegotitfromafamilymember.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WheredoesthemanwantBilltogoafterhighschool?A.Toalargeschool.B.Toaprivateuniversity.C.Toacollegeinanotherstate.11.Whyisthewomanworried?A.ShemightnotbeabletoseeBilloften.B.Billcannottakecareofhimself.C.ThemanistoostrictwithBill.12.Whowillmakethefinaldecision?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Billhimself.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Roommates.C.Hostandguest.14.Whatdidthewomanseethecatdo?A.Tearthemorningpaper.B.Runpastherquickly.C.Getbehindthebookcase.15.Whereisthecathiding?A.Inthebedroom.B.Inthelivingroom.C.Inthelaundryroom.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestaboutthecat?A.Shenevertriestogooutside.B.Sheisafraidoftheoutsideworld.C.Sheneveresbackbyherself.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Officeemployees.B.Collegestudents.C.panypresidents.18.Whendidthespeakergethisfirstpaidjob?A.At18.B.At21.C.At35.19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthislife?A.He’sembarrassed.B.He’sregretful.C.He’sproud.20.What’sthespeechmainlyabout?A.Howtodowellinschool.B.Howtoworkwithputers.C.Howtoachievecareersuccess.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALakeForestHighSchoolClubsEnvironmentalClubClubmembersareprovidedopportunitiestorealizetheirgoalsofenvironmentalservice.Themajorityofprojectsarestudentinitiated.Lastyear’sactivitiesincluded:theLFHSCourtyardGardenupkeep,BiketoSchoolDaywithfreecocoaandsnacks,an“eatlocal”100miledinner,recyclingsolutionsforLFHS,beachclean-upthroughtheGreatLakesAlliance,andEarthWeekcelebrations.Meetings:FirstFridayofthemonthinRoom5at7：00a．m.Advisor:MsMaryBethNawor,PeerTutoringStudentsvolunteertohelpfellowstudentsinimprovingtheiracademicandorganizationalskills.StudentstutorLFHSandmiddleschoolstudentsonanindividuallyscheduledbasis.LFHStutorsmusthaveproficiency(精通)intheacademicareainwhichtheywishtotutor,butmiddleschooltutorsonlyneedgeneralacademicproficiency.Meetings:Alltutoringisdoneonanindividuallyscheduledbasis.Advisor:MsKathyO’Hara,YoungIdeaYoungIdeaisLFHS’sartandliterarymagazine.Studentsofallageswholovewritingandartareencouragedtobeepartofthestaffofthisawardwinningmagazine.YoungIdeaencouragesallstudentstosubmitartandliteratureworkstothemagazine,whethertheyareapartofthestaffornot.FromSeptembertoFebruary,YoungIdeameetsonThursdaysafterschoolinthePublicRoomtodiscussthepiecesthathavebeensubmittedtothemagazineandprovidefeedbackfortheauthors.Meetings:Seeaboveexplanation.Advisor:MsDebbieZare,ScoutBuddiesScoutBuddiesisafriendshipclubwhichhelpsbuildfriendshipamongindividualswithandwithoutdisabilities.Clubmembersparticipateinavarietyofsocialactivitiesbothwithintheschoolandinthemunity.Activitiesincludeorganizingholidaypartiesintheschool,bowling,goingtothemovies,andeatingoutinlocalrestaurants.Meetings:Monthlymeetingdatesvary,butinRoom134.Advisor:MsDonnaLovitsch,1.Whichclubprovideshelpforstudentspoorinstudy?A.PeerTutoring. B.EnvironmentalClub.C.YoungIdea. D.ScoutBuddies.2.WhenisthestaffofYoungIdeamostlikelytomeet?A.6：30p．m.,August11,ThursdayB.6：00p．m.,January5,ThursdayC.7：30a．m.,November17,ThursdayD.7：00p．m.,September23,Friday3.Whatistherequirementforstudentstojoinacertainclub?A.TheyarerequiredtohaveabiketojoinEnvironmentalClub.B.TheyneedtobeathletictojoinScoutBuddies.C.TheyneedtowinaliteraryawardtojoinYoungIdea.D.TheyneedtobeacademicallyproficienttojoinPeerTutoring.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了LakeForest高中的俱樂部的一些活動內(nèi)容、時間等信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PeerTutoring部分Studentsvolunteertohelpfellowstudentsinimprovingtheiracademicandorganizationalskills.可知，學(xué)生們自愿幫助其它同學(xué)們提高他們的學(xué)習(xí)和組織能力。所以這個俱樂部會幫助學(xué)習(xí)差的同學(xué)，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YoungIdea部分FromSeptembertoFebruary,YoungIdeameetsonThursdaysafterschoolinthePublicRoomtodiscussthepiecesthathavebeensubmittedtothemagazineandprovidefeedbackfortheauthors.可知，該俱樂部舉行活動的時間是從九月到次年二月，每個星期四放學(xué)后，故B項符合要求，選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PeerTutoring部分LFHStutorsmusthaveproficiency(精通)intheacademicareainwhichtheywishtotutor,butmiddleschooltutorsonlyneedgeneralacademicproficiency.可知，高中家教需要精通所教學(xué)科，初中家教只需要一般的學(xué)術(shù)水平。所以學(xué)生加入某個俱樂部的條件是都要求有一定的學(xué)術(shù)能力。故選D。點睛】廣告在每年高考閱讀中都有，是熱門題材。內(nèi)容通常會涉及到產(chǎn)品介紹、旅游服務(wù)、商務(wù)活動、人才招聘等。測試重點：1.廣告的目的。廣告的目的通常是宣傳某人或某物、推銷產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)、宣揚公司或企業(yè)、招聘或推銷人才等。2.細(xì)節(jié)的理解。細(xì)節(jié)考查通常會涉及到所要宣傳或推介的人物或產(chǎn)品的特點或優(yōu)勢，所要招聘的人才的要求等。3.在多個廣告的閱讀題中，會測試考生對不同廣告中交叉信息的把握，答案依據(jù)分布在不同廣告中。4.利用廣告所給信息進行推理的能力。解題方法：1.若廣告有小標(biāo)題，最好先瀏覽并理解各小標(biāo)題，從而掌握廣告的大體內(nèi)容。2.廣告類的閱讀理解多為細(xì)節(jié)理解題，一般采用尋讀法，即先看題干和選項，然后快速從原文中尋找與各選項相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，認(rèn)真閱讀和理解這些內(nèi)容，排除某些選項并初步確定正確選項。3.最后確定答案時，要對各選項進行認(rèn)真分析和比較，看各選項是否有信息增加或錯位現(xiàn)象。不要被干擾項的主要內(nèi)容迷惑，忽視了干擾項的細(xì)節(jié)部分而出錯。BHavingjustfinishedhighschool,Iwasn'tsurewhatIwantedtostudyinhighereducation,soIdecidedtotakeagapyeartofigurethatout.OneofmybiggestpassionshasalwaysbeenAfricaandIhavealwayswantedtodosomekindofvolunteering.However,Iwasafraidthat,especiallywhenitestovolunteeringinresearch,Iwouldn’tbeabletogointomuchdepthwiththeresearchIwouldbedoing.Ineedn’thaveworriedaboutthisinternship（實習(xí)期）though.IthasbeenperfectformebecausenotonlyamIdoingthesameactivitiesasalltheothervolunteersbutIalsogettodomyownresearchinadditiontothoseactivities.TheinternshipprogramIamfollowingfocusesonbigpredators(食肉動物).Ihavedecidedtofocusoncheetahs（獵豹）formyindividualproject,collectingdataonthetwocheetahsthatliveinRietspruit,oneofthereservesthatAfricanImpactdoesresearchin.Withbothcheetahshavingonlybeenreintroducedintotheareathisyear,thereisstillalotofdatathatcanbecollectedonthepair.Largepredatorreintroductionisamonstrategyusedtoreturntheseanimalstotheirhistoricrange.Theproblemisthatthesuccessratesofthesereintroductionsareverylow,mainlybecauseoflackinresearchdoneonhowdifferentfactorsinfluencethereintroduction.BothcheetahsarewearingaGPScollarfromwhichIcandownloadalotofinformationincludingwherethecheetahhasbeen,whattheweatherwaslikeandhowfarthecheetahtravelled.Havingorganizedandcategorizedtheinformation,Ihavebeenabletocreatesomeveryinterestinggraphs.EventhoughitisquitedifficultsinceI’veneverdoneanyresearchlikethis,IreallyenjoyallthechallengesandproblemsIhavehadtofaceandsolve.AndI’mgladthatIcandosomethingtohelpwildlife.4.Whydidtheauthortakeagapyearafterhighschool?A.Hewasaskedtodosomevoluntarywork.B.Hedidn’tthinkhewasquitereadyyet.C.HewantedtodosometravellinginAfrica.D.Hedidn’treallylikereceivinghighereducation.5.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeafterjoiningtheinternshipprogram?A.Itwaswhathehadexpected.B.Itseparatedhimfromothers.C.Itwastoochallengingforhim.D.Itwasreallysuitableforhim.6.Theauthor’sworkmainlyinvolves___________.A.collectinginformationabouttwocheetahsB.observingtwocheetahsinthewildsecretlyC.walkingaroundRietspruittoservescientistsD.collectingdataonsomedifferentbigpredators7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyexperienceonthepredatorresearchinternshipB.MyexperienceofrescuingwildlifeinAfricaC.MyexperienceofreceivinghighereducationD.Myexperienceofprotectingcheetahs【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一片記敘文。作者高中畢業(yè)后停課一年，他去了非洲做義工，主要負(fù)責(zé)搜集兩只獵豹的信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Iwasn’tsurewhatIwantedtostudyinhighereducation,soIdecidedtotakeagapyeartofigurethatout.(我不知道我想在高等教育中學(xué)習(xí)什么，所以我決定用一年的時間來解決這個問題)可知，作者認(rèn)為自己還沒有為上大學(xué)完全準(zhǔn)備好。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的IthasbeenperfectformebecausenotonlyamIdoingthesameactivitiesasalltheothervolunteersbutIalsogettodomyownresearchinadditiontothoseactivities.可知，這對我來說是完美的，因為我不僅做了與所有其他志愿者相同的活動，而且除了這些活動外，我還可以做我自己的研究。因此推斷作者意識到這個項目很適合他。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的BothcheetahsarewearingaGPScollarfromwhichIcandownloadalotofinformationincludingwherethecheetahhasbeen,whattheweatherwaslikeandhowfarthecheetahtravelled.(兩只獵豹都戴著GPS領(lǐng)圈，我可以從那里很多信息，包括獵豹去了哪里，天氣怎么樣，獵豹走了多遠。)可知，作者主要負(fù)責(zé)搜集那兩只獵豹的信息。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容并通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，作者剛讀完高中，不知道想在高等教育中學(xué)習(xí)什么，所以決定用一個空白年來弄清楚這一點。文章主要講述了作者在非洲實習(xí)時進行肉食動物研究的經(jīng)歷。因此推斷A項“我的關(guān)于捕食者研究實習(xí)的經(jīng)歷”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A?！军c睛】推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。本題第2小題，推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的IthasbeenperfectformebecausenotonlyamIdoingthesameactivitiesasalltheothervolunteersbutIalsogettodomyownresearchinadditiontothoseactivities.可知，這對我來說是完美的，因為我不僅做了與所有其他志愿者相同的活動，而且除了這些活動外，我還可以做我自己的研究。因此推斷作者意識到這個項目很適合他。故選D。CWhenyoustartworkingonsomethingbutdon’tfinishit,thoughtsoftheunfinishedworkcontinuetojumpintoyourmindevenwhenyou’vemovedontootherthings.PsychologistsrefertothispsychologicalphenomenonastheZeigarnikeffect.TheeffectwasfirstobservedbyaRussianpsychologistnamedBlumaZeigarnik.WhilesittinginabusyrestaurantinVienna,shenotedthewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,however,thewaitershaddifficultyrememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.Inoneofherstudies,participantswereaskedtopletesimpletaskssuchasputtingtogetherpuzzles,orsolvingmathproblems.Halfoftheparticipantswereinterruptedhalfwaythroughthesetasks.Afteranhourlongdelay,Zeigarnikaskedtheparticipantstogiveanaccountofwhatthey’dbeenworkingon.Shediscoveredthatthosewhohadtheirworkinterruptedweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthosewhohadactuallypletedthetasks.Wecanusethiseffecttoouradvantage.Forexample,ifyou’restrugglingtomemorizesomethingimportant,momentaryinterruptionsmightactuallyworktoyouradvantage.Ratherthansimplyremembertheinformationoverandoveragain,reviewitseveraltimesandthentakeabreak.Whileyou’refocusingonotherthings,you’llfindyourselfmentallyreturningtotheinformationyouwerestudying.Weoftenputofftasksuntilthelastmoment,onlypletingtheminarushatthelastpossiblemoment.Unfortunately,thistendencycanleadtoheavystressandevenpoorperformance.OnewaytooverethisistoputtheZeigarnikeffecttowork.Startbytakingthefirststep,nomatterhowsmall.Onceyou’vebegun，butnotfinishedyourwork,you’llfindyourselfthinkingofthetaskuntil,atlast,youfinishit.Youmightnotfinishitallatonce,buteachsmallstepyoutakeputsyouclosertoyourfinalgoal.8.WhatdoestheZeigarnikeffectreferto?A.Waiterstendtohavegoodmemories.B.Onceinterrupted,onewillforgetthingseasily.C.Mostpeoplecan’tfocusononethingforalongtime.D.Peoplerememberunfinishedtasksbetterthanpletedones.9.Whatwerealltheparticipantsrequiredtodointhestudy?A.Describetheirtasks. B.Expresstheirfeelings.C.Testtheirintelligence. D.Designsimpleactivities.10.HowshouldwestudyaccordingtotheZeigarnikeffect?A.Repeatoverandoveragain. B.Divideupourstudysession.C.Focusonseveraltasksatatime. D.Haveenoughrestbeforestudying.11.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Howtogetridofheavystress.B.Whyweshouldsetafinalgoal.C.Howtobreakthehabitofdelayingwork.D.Whywealwayspletetasksinarush.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】本文是說明文。本文主要介紹了一種常見的心理現(xiàn)象—蔡加尼克效應(yīng)。這種心理現(xiàn)象對我們的生活與學(xué)習(xí)有諸多啟示。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中WhilesittinginabusyrestaurantinVienna,shenotedthewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,however,thewaitershaddifficultyrememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.(當(dāng)她坐在維也納一家繁忙的餐館里時，她注意到服務(wù)員對未付訂單有更好的記憶。然而，一旦賬單被支付，服務(wù)員就很難記住訂單的確切細(xì)節(jié)。)和第二段的Shediscoveredthatthosewhohadtheirworkinterruptedweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthosewhohadactuallypletedthetasks.(她發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些工作被打斷的人比那些實際完成任務(wù)的人更有可能記住他們所做的事情)可推斷，蔡加尼克效應(yīng)指人們對于尚未處理完的事比已處理完成的事情印象更加深刻。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Afteranhourlongdelay,Zeigarnikaskedtheparticipantstogiveanaccountofwhatthey’dbeenworkingon.可知，Zeigarnik要求參與者描述他們一直在做什么。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的ifyou’restrugglingtomemorizesomethingimportant,momentaryinterruptionsmightactuallyworktoyouradvantage.Ratherthansimpleremembertheinformationoverandoveragain,reviewitseveraltimesandthentakeabreak.（如果你在努力記住一些重要的東西，短暫的中斷實際上可能對你有利。不是簡單地一遍又一遍地記住信息，而是復(fù)習(xí)幾遍，然后休息一下.）可推斷，我們應(yīng)該分幾個時間段學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的OnewaytooverethisistoputtheZeigarnikeffecttowork.（克服這一問題的一種方法是使蔡加尼克效應(yīng)發(fā)揮作用。）以及下文講述的實施過程可知，本段主要告訴我們?nèi)绾斡行Ю貌碳幽峥诵?yīng)來改善拖延癥。故選C。DWe'vecertainlyseenadognursingawound,oradeercallingoutinpain.Butmanyanimalssufferinsilence.Themostsilentsufferersintheanimalworldmaybefish.Dofishfeelpain?AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofLiverpoolhasfoundthatfishfeelpaininawaythat's"strikinglysimilar"tohumans.Forthestudy,LynneSneddon,fromtheuniversity'sInstituteofIntegrativeBiology,reviewedtheexistingbodyofresearch98studiesinallandconcludedthattheyfeelpainjustassharplyaswedo."Whensubjecttoapotentiallypainfulevent,fishshowchangesinbehaviorsuchasstoppingfeedingandreducedactivity,whicharepreventedwhenapainrelievingdrugisprovided.Infact,likeus,theybreatheheavilyandstopeatingwhenthey'rehurting.Theywillevenrubthepartoftheirbodythataches."Sneddonnotesinauniversityrelease.Tounderstandpaininotherspecies,scientistslookatnociceptors(疼痛感受器),whichsendsignalstothebrainwhenthebodyisbeingdamaged.Humanshavethemthroughouttheirskin,bonesandmuscles.Nociceptorshavealsobeenfoundinmanyotherspecies,includingeventhosetinyfruitflies.Fishhavethesamemeanstodetectpainsignalsandtheequipmenttoreceivethem.Besides,thefishermen'sopinionthatfishfeelnopainjustdoesn'taddupfromanevolutionaryview.Painisanefficientmessengerthattells,usthatwe'vegotaproblem.Ananimalthatcan'tfeelitwon'tgetthatmemo(ER),evenifithurtsitself."Ifweacceptfishexperiencepain,thenthishasgreatsignificanceforhowwetreatthem,"Sneddonsays."Careshouldbetakenwhenhandlingfishtoavoiddamagingtheirssensitiveskinandtheyshouldbehumanelycaughtandkilled."12.Whatcanwelearnaboutfish?A.Theyareinsensitivetopain. B.Theyareabletosensepain.C.Theywon'treacttopainkillers. D.Theirbrainisthefirsttosendpainsignals.13.Whatwillafishdowhenitslipsgethurt?A.Itmightrubitslips. B.Itwillkeepitsmouthopen.C.Itwillswimaroundlikecrazy. D.Itwillkeepeatingtoforgetpain.14.WhatisthesignificanceofthestudyaccordingtoSneddon?A.Peoplewilltreatfishinakinderway.B.Peoplecanunderstandevolutionbetter.C.Peoplecandevelopmoredrugstosavefish.DPeoplewillthinkofmorewaystocatchfish.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"addup"probablymean?A.Disappear. B.Putforward.C.Makesense. D.Happen.【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了一項研究，研究表明魚可以感覺疼痛，魚感到疼痛后做法與人相似，會停止進食和減少活動；科學(xué)家們觀察了其它物種疼痛感受器，了解了疼痛感受器是如何運作的，Sneddon呼吁人們?nèi)说乐髁x地對待魚?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的句子“Forthestudy,LynneSneddon,fromtheuniversity'sInstituteofIntegrativeBiology,reviewedtheexistingbodyofresearch98studiesinallandconcludedthattheyfeelpainjustassharplyaswedo.”可知，在這項研究中，從現(xiàn)有的98項研究得出結(jié)論，魚類和我們一樣感到疼痛，說明魚能感受疼痛，B項切題，A項排除；由第三段的句子“Whensubjecttoapotentiallypainfulevent,fishshowchangesinbehaviorsuchasstoppingfeedingandreducedactivity,whicharepreventedwhenapainrelievingdrugisprovided.”可知，魚受傷會停止進食和減少活動，而當(dāng)提供止痛藥物時，這些都會被阻止，所以對止疼藥有反應(yīng)，排除C項；由第四段的第一句“Tounderstandpaininotherspecies,scientistslookatnociceptors(疼痛感受器),whichsendsignalstothebrainwhenthebodyisbeingdamaged.”可知，當(dāng)身體受到損傷時，疼痛感受器會向大腦發(fā)送信號，不是大腦發(fā)送的，排除D項。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段地句子“Infact,likeus,theybreatheheavilyandstopeatingwhenthey'rehurting.Theywillevenrubthepartoftheirbodythataches.”可知，魚受傷時和我們一樣，呼吸沉重，停止進食，甚至?xí)Σ辽眢w疼痛的部位，可以推理出魚的嘴唇受傷時魚會摩擦自己的嘴唇。故選A項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“"Ifweacceptfishexperiencepain,thenthishasgreatsignificanceforhowwetreatthem,"Sneddonsays."Careshouldbetakenwhenhandlingfishtoavoiddamagingtheirssensitiveskinandtheyshouldbehumanelycaughtandkilled."”可知，Sneddon說：“如果我們接受魚的痛苦，那么這對我們?nèi)绾螌Υ鼈冇兄匾饬x?！痹谔幚眙~類時應(yīng)小心，避免損壞它們敏感的皮膚，并應(yīng)人道地捕獲和殺死它們?！闭f明研究魚會讓我們更小心地對待魚，盡量避免魚感受痛苦。故選A項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。addup本意意為“相加、合乎情理、說得通、積少成多”。由倒數(shù)第二段的句子“Besides,thefishermen'sopinionthatfishfeelnopainjustdoesn'taddupfromanevolutionaryview.”可知，另外，漁民們認(rèn)為魚不會感到疼痛的觀點，從進化論的角度說不通，所以addup在此處意為makesense（說得通）。故選C項?！军c睛】詞義猜測是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力，也是高考中必考的題型。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。做這種類型的技巧之一：要根據(jù)詞、詞組、句子所在的語境上下文來判斷其意義，上下文語境是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。命題者在出這類題時慣用常規(guī)詞義來麻痹考生，我們要特別注意熟詞生義，切不可脫離語境主觀臆斷。在第4小題中，同學(xué)們要把addup帶入“Besides,thefishermen'sopinionthatfishfeelnopainjustdoesn'taddupfromanevolutionaryview.”這句話的語境中，才可得知addup在此處意為makesense（說得通）。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WalkingwithapurposeHumansweremadeforwalking.Withourstronglegmuscles,ourbodieswereliterallydesignedwithwalkinginmindwhichiswhatmakesitsuchperfectexercise.___16___Andbestofall,it’sagreatwaytoseenewthingsandmeetnewpeople!Thismonth,whynotfocusonwalkingwithapurpose?Whereveryouare,inthecityoratthecampground,you’llfindplentyofwalkinggoingon.Maybeyoualreadylovetowalk,butyou’regettingtiredofgoingyoursameoldroutedayafterday.Ormaybeyou’renewtowalkingandaren’tsurehowtogetstarted.____17____Togetstarted,sitdownwithamapandmakeaplan.Askyourself,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofwalkingasidefromthehealthbenefits?Doyouwanttomeetotherpeople?____18____Getoutintothewildernessorexploreacity?Knowingyourprioritieswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.Ifmakingfriendsandsocializingisyourgoal,callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththem.____19____Goonlineandlookupyourlocalmallorshoppingcenter.Manymallshavegroupsthateeveryday,oreveryweekend,to“walkthemall”.Thesegroupsarealwayshappytoincludeonemorewalker!___20___Thentieonyourwalkingshoesandpreparetogettoknowtheplacefromthegroundup!Manyofourgreathistoriccitiesofferdetailedandwellplannedwalkingtours.Nearlyanycityyoucanthinkofoffersawalkingtourwithmapsprovidedbythetouristbureau.Andsmalltownsgenerallyhaveascenicroutethatwillcarryyoupastitsbestboutiques(精品店),shops,andcafes.A.Seenewplaces?B.Headtoanewcity.C.It’skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.D.Everyoneloveswalkingandyou’renoexception.E.Askyourfriendswheretheyliketowalkandgothere.F.Eitherway,it’stimetobearhugtheideaofwalkingwithapurpose.G.Asklocalpeopletogetyououtoftownandintothewildernessorcountryside.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.E20.B【解析】本文是說明文，主要講述帶著目的走路，可以讓你獲得不一樣的感受！【16題詳解】根據(jù)該空后的Andbestofall,it’sagreatwaytoseenewthingsandmeetnewpeople!（最好的是，這是一個很好的方式來看到新的東西和認(rèn)識新的人?。┛芍颂幈硎镜氖遣叫械暮锰?，C項“這對我們的身體很好，對我們的腰圍也很好。”符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前句子可知，無論你是疲于每天走相同的路線，還是不確定如何開始，可推斷，F(xiàn)選項“不管怎樣，現(xiàn)在是時候擁抱有目的的行走了”，符合語境，且選項F中的withapurpose與本段首句呼應(yīng)。故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)該空前后的問句可知空格處可能是問句，結(jié)合空前后的問句Askyourself,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofwalkingasidefromthehealthbenefits?（問問自己，你想除了健康福利之外還想要得到什么？）以及Getoutintothewildernessorexploreacity?（去荒野或者探索一個城市？）可知，此處是在討論除了有益于健康之外，步行的其他目的，A項“看看新地方嗎？”符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)該空前面的Ifmakingfriendsandsocializingisyourgoal,callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththem.（如果交朋友和社交是你的目標(biāo)，打給你的朋友，安排和他們一起散步。）可知，本段建議和朋友一起出去，所以，E選項“可以問問他們喜歡走著去哪兒”符合語境。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空后句Thentieonyourwalkingshoesandpreparetogettoknowtheplacefromthegroundup!（然后系上你的步行鞋，準(zhǔn)備全面地了解這個地方?。┛芍?，到一個新地方，需要全面了解這個地方，選項B“去一個新城市”符合語境。故選B。第三部分：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)：完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ShortlyafterIgraduatedfromjuniorhighin1968,mymotherbeganrepeatingherboringwords:“Learnto____21____,anddoorswillopenforyou,Pam.”Iwould___22___withasigh“Yes,Mom”or,aneyerollwhenoutofher____23____.Asanimmigrantmother,shebelievedtypingwasa(n)____24____“Americanskill”.Thatmeantitwasuptome,herAmericanbornchild,tolearntotype.Thenatypewriterappearedformybirthday.“Thanks,Mom,butIcan’ttype,”I____25____remindedher.“That’sgoingto____26____,”sheanswered,alsogently.“Soon.”Momwasawomanofher____27____.“Soon”arrivedjustoneweeklater,whenshetookmetotheCrownBusinessInstituteandputmynameonthe____28____oftheinstitute’stypinglessons.EverymorningI____29____toCrownandbynoonwewerefinished,____30____achedterribly.Asthelessonsprogressed,Mombegantoshowmeapletely____31____side.Theusuallymildmanneredwomanchangedintoa____32____armyofficer,makingmepracticeoverandover,andI’msureevenmytypewriterwasbeggingfor____33____.MymotherencouragedandfortedmewhenI____34____orwantedtogiveup.Shestatedher____35____butstilleffectivetypingcanopendoorswords,andIwouldjustcontinue____36____.WhenIfinallypletedthecourse,showingthe____37____tomymother,Momcried.Momwasright.Many____38____didopenforme.MylifewouldhavebeendifferenthadMomnot____39____mylearningtotypeatayoungage.ItwasMomwho____40____methroughonedoorsofuturedoorscouldopen.Thatoldandfadedcertificateisjustasmuchhersasitismine.21.A.write B.drive C.draw D.type22.A.agree B.respond C.start D.share23.A.touch B.reach C.doubt D.view24.A.essential B.difficult C.convenient D.easy25.A.eagerly B.urgently C.gently D.gratefully26.A.change B.prepare C.choose D.learn27.A.mood B.deed C.word D.mind28.A.card B.note C.basis D.list29.A.explained B.reported C.appealed D.listened30.A.head B.eyes C.fingers D.mouth31.A.different B.normal C.irrelevant D.new32.A.strict B.perfect C.serious D.brave33.A.pardon B.mercy C.help D.advice34.A.slept B.refused C.regretted D.struggled35.A.muchpracticed B.wellknown C.wellworn D.much–deserved36.A.plaining B.blaming C.practicing D.wandering37.A.application B.notice C.present D.certificate38.A.wonders B.doors C.accounts D.situations39.A.reliedon B.insistedon C.worriedabout D.wonderedabout40.A.pushed B.left C.dropped D.cut【答案】21.D22.B23.D24.A25.C26.A27.C28.D29.B30.C31.A32.A33.B34.D35.C36.C37.D38.B39.B40.A【解析】【分析】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者回憶了初中畢業(yè)后媽媽強烈要求并鼓勵她學(xué)習(xí)打字，使她終身受益的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1968年我初中畢業(yè)后不久，母親就開始嘮叨她的咒語：“學(xué)打字，門就會為你打開，帕姆?！盇.write寫；B.drive開車；C.draw畫畫；D.type打字。根據(jù)下文typingwas可知，母親讓我學(xué)習(xí)打字。故選D。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是會唉聲嘆氣地回應(yīng)：“好的，媽媽”，或在她看不到我時給她一個熟練的白眼。A.agree同意；B.respond回應(yīng)；答復(fù)；C.start開始；D.share共享。根據(jù)上文mymotherbeganrepeatingherboringwords可知，作者總是嘆著氣回應(yīng)。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.touch觸摸；B.reach到達；C.doubt懷疑；D.view看。根據(jù)全文可知，作者不喜歡打字，媽媽總是嘮叨，故在媽媽不看的時候他翻了翻白眼。故選D。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個移民媽媽，她認(rèn)為打字是一項基本的“美國技能”。A.essential基本的；B.difficult困難的；C.convenient方便的；D.easy容易的。根據(jù)下文Thatmeantitwasuptome,herAmericanbornchild,tolearntype可知，媽媽認(rèn)為打字在美國是一項重要的技能。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“謝謝，媽媽，但我不會打字，”我溫柔地提醒她。A.eagerlyr熱切地；B.urgently急迫地；C.gently溫柔地；D.gratefully感激的。根據(jù)下文alsogently可知，作者輕輕地提醒她。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這會改變的，”她也溫柔地回答，“很快?！盇.change改變；B.prepare準(zhǔn)備；C.choose選擇；D.learn學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)下文可知，媽媽堅持要作者學(xué)打字，所以這里表示情況將發(fā)生改變。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽是個守信的人。A.mood心情；B.deed行為；行動；C.word話語；D.mind見解。根據(jù)下文“Soon”arrivedjustoneweeklaterwhenshetookmetotheCrownBusinessInstituteandputmynameonthe8oftheinstitute’stypinglessons.可知，媽媽是個言行一致的人。故選C。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：.“很快”就在一周后來到了，當(dāng)時她帶我去了皇冠商學(xué)院，把我的名字登記在了打字課的報名名單上。A.card卡片；B.note筆記；便筏；C.basis基礎(chǔ)；D.list名單。根據(jù)上文shetookmetotheCrownBusinessInstitute可知，她把作者的名字登記在了打字課的報名名單上。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每個早晨，我都去皇冠商學(xué)院；到中午完成后我們回家，我的手指已是疼痛難忍。A.explained解釋；B.reported報告；報道；C.appealed呼吁；D.listened聽。根據(jù)語境可知，每天早上作者去Crown報到上課。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.head頭；B.eyes眼睛；C.fingers手指；D.mouth嘴。根據(jù)常識可知，打字需要手，因此疼痛的應(yīng)該是手指。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著課程的開展，媽媽開始向我展示她那我從未見過的一面。A.different不同的；B.normal正常的；C.irrelevant不相干的；不恰當(dāng)?shù)?；D.new新的。根據(jù)下文Theusuallymildmanneredwomanchangedintoa____12____armyofficer可知，媽媽從一個通常溫文爾雅的女士變成了一個軍隊的軍官，因此推斷媽媽開始展示出完全不同的一面。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個通常溫文爾雅的女士搖身一變成為一名軍隊的軍官，她讓我一遍又一遍地練習(xí)打字，我確信連我那臺打字機都在乞求她的憐憫。A.strict嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)格的；B.perfect完美的；C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；D.brave勇敢的。根據(jù)下文makingmepracticeoverandover可知，媽媽變成了嚴(yán)厲的軍官。故選A。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.pardon原諒；饒??；B.mercy憐憫；C.help幫助；D.advice建議。根據(jù)上文makingmepracticeoverandover可知，作者確信就連打字機都在乞求憐憫。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我掙扎或想放棄時，她就會鼓勵并安慰我。A.slept睡覺；B.refused拒絕；C.regretted遺憾；后悔；D.struggled掙扎；努力。根據(jù)下文wantedtogiveup可知，當(dāng)作者學(xué)習(xí)感到吃力或者要放棄時，媽媽鼓勵安慰他。故選