閱讀填表10篇(2024年江蘇省名校真題)（2024·江蘇泰州·二模）閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每個空格只填一個單詞。Doyouwanttobeanastronautinthefuture?EveryyearonApril24,it’sSpaceDayofChina.It’sadaytocelebratethecountry’sgrowthinspaceexploration.Thesuccessfulmannedspacemissions(任務(wù))areabigpartofit.EversinceYangLiweimadeittospacein2003,asmanyasover20Chineseastronautshavegonetospace.Beinganastronautiscoolbutsometimesdangerous.Whatproblemsdoastronautsface?Inspace,astronautsfacemanyproblems.Thereislittlegravitythere,whichinfluencestheirbodies.Also,beingawayfromfamilyandfriendsandstuckinatinyspaceshipforalongtimecanmakethemfeelsadorstressedout.What’smore,ifsomethinggoeswrongontheirmissionallofasudden,theyhavetoworkouthowtofixitunderhugepressure.That’swhyastronautshavetobesmart,strongandreadyforanychallengebeforetheycangotospace.Howareastronautstrained?TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirmissionsandreturntoEarthsafely.“Eighttypes,coveringmorethan200subjectsoftraining,areset.”HuangWeifen,chiefdesigneroftheastronautsystemforChina’smannedspaceproject,toldCCTVNews.Apartfromphysicaltraining,italsoincludesbasicscienceknowledgeandmock(模擬)missions.Beforeastronautscangotospace,theytrainlikethisforatleastthreeandahalfyears.Oneofthehardestpartsofthetrainingforastronautsistheunderwatertraining.Thishelpsthemgetreadyfortheweightlessenvironmentinspace.Huangexplainedthatastronautsweardivingsuits(潛水服)thatweighmorethan100kilogramsandstayunderwaterforsixhoursatatime.Movingaroundinthewaterwithsuchaheavysuitisreallytiring.Huangsaidthatoneastronaut,NieHaisheng,evenlost2kilogramsafteroneunderwatertrainingexercise.TrainhardtoworkinspaceChinahasachievedgreatsuccessinspaceexploration.AnumberofChineseastronautshavebeentospace12003.Beinganastronautiscoolbut2,sotrainingisnecessary.3astronautsface?Low4whichmakesthemfeeluncomfortable.?Feelingsadorstressedbecauseofbeingawayfromhome?Somesuddenproblemswhichneed5.TrainingastronautsreceiveBasicinformation?8typeswhichcover6200subjectsareset.?Physicaltraining,basicscienceknowledgeandmockmissionsare7.?Atleast3.5yearswillbespentontraining.Oneofthehardest—theunderwatertraining?The8istohelpastronautspreparefortheweightlessenvironmentinspace.?Astronautswearvery9divingsuitsandstayunderwaterforalongtimeatatime.?NieHaishengevenlost2kilogramsafteroneunderwatertrainingasitmakesastronautsfeel10.（2024·江蘇無錫·一模）先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Readingisfun!Besidesforfun,wecanalsoanalyze(分析)textstolearnmorefromthetextsandmoreaboutthetexts.Onewaywecandothisisbyfindingoutthethemeofthetexts.Thethemeofatextisthe“bigidea”thatrunsthroughthetext,connectingthecharactersandevents.Itiswhatthewriterwantstotellusthroughthestory.Themescanbeideaslikefamily,friendship,loveandsoon.Butitmaynotbeabletobeincludedinjustoneword,itmightbeanideasuchas“Friendshipisimportant.”Usuallythethemeofatextisn’ttolddirectly,makesureyouknowwhatthewriterissaying.Howcanwefindoutthethemeofatext?Thefollowingstepsmayhelpyou.Readthroughthewholetext.Usuallycharacterschangeasthestorygoeson,sothethemeyougetatthebeginningmightnotbetrueattheend!Forthisreason,youneedtoreadthroughthewholetextfirst.Theremayalsobemorethanonethemeinastory.Findouttheclue.Afterreadingthewholetext,trytoanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatimportanteventshappenedduringthestory?Whatwastheproblem?Howdidtheproblemgetsolved?Howdidthecharacter(s)change?Whatdidthecharacter(s)learn?Theanswersmayhelpyoutogettheclues.Getthebigidea.Readagainforthewriter’spurposeofthetextandfindouttheanswerstothefollowingquestions.Wasmostoftheplot(情節(jié))aroundfriendship?Didthecharacterssolveproblemswiththeirfamilies?Didthemaincharacterlearntheimportanceoffriendship?Ifoneoftheanswersis“yes”,youmaygetthebigidea.Checkthebigideaout.Ifyou’vefounda“bigidea”,gothroughthetexttofindtheevidencethatsupportsthisideainthetext.Youneedn’trepeateverydetailofthestory—afewkeyexampleswillbefine.Haveyougotthewaytofindoutthethemeofatext?Getyourfavoritebookquicklyandseeifyoucanfindthethemeout!FindingoutthethemeofatextMainpointsDetailedinformation11isatheme?Athemeisa“bigidea”that12thecharactersandevents.Thewriter’sthoughtsmaybeexpressedthroughthetheme.Themesmightnotbejustonewordandsomearenotpresentedina13way.Howcanyouexplorethetheme?Readthetexttillthe14tofullyunderstandthethemes.Findouttheclueandgetthebigideaby15somequestions.Checkthebigideaoutbyfindingsomekeyexamples（2024·江蘇無錫·一模）先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Iscream,youscream,weallscreamforicecream!Onahotsunnyday,whowouldsaynotoasweet,ice-coldicecream?Itwouldbeanexcitingtreattofindoutwhoinventedicecream.ThefirstkindoficecreamwasmadeinChinaalmostthreethousandyearsago.Itwasamixtureofsnow,milkandrice.FromChina,therecipe(食譜)wasspreadtoEurope.TheEmperorNeroofRomeenjoyedafrozendessert(甜點)thatwasamixtureofsnow,honeyandfruits.InAsia,theMughalEmperorsrequiredtheirhorsementobringsnowfromthemountainstoDelhi(Delhicangetveryhot!).Theicewasmixedwithflavours(香料)andwasthenusedinfruitsorbets(冰糕).WhentheItalianCatherinedeMedicimarriedHenryIIofFrance,shebroughtflavouredsorbetrecipestoFrance.HerItaliancookcreateddifferentflavourfruiticeforeachdayoftheweddingcelebrations.IcecreamarrivedinEnglandfromFrance.KingCharlesII,builtanicehouseinthecentreofLondonandwasthefirstBritishkingwhoisknowntohaveeatenicecream.Untilthe1800’sicecreamremainedadeliciousdessertenjoyedonlybytherich.IcecreamcametoAmericafromEurope.In1832,WhiteHousecookAugustusJacksonfoundouthowtoputicecreamincanstosendtoice-creamstores.Hewasnamedthe‘FatherofIceCream’.Technologicaldevelopmentmadeicecreamproductionpossible.In1843,theicecreammachinewasspreadtoEnglandandAmerica.Thiswasmadefromawoodenboxfilledwithiceandsalt.Todaytherearesomanydifferentflavoursoficecream.Youcannameanyflavourandtherewillbeanicecreamofit.Themostpopularflavoursarechocolateandstrawberry.InterestingFactThefirst‘refrigerators’werecreatedbymixingsaltwithice.Mixingsaltwithicereducesthefreezingpoint.Youcanachievetemperatureslowerthan-14℃.The16ofIceCreamInterestingFact?InChinaAmixtureofsnow,milkandriceSaltlowersthetemperatureto17icecreamfrozen?InEurope18materialswereusedtomakeicecream.Frenchenjoyedicecreamwhenpeoplegotmarried.19peoplecouldn’tenjoyicecreamuntilthe1800’s.?InIndiaHorsemenwere20tocollectsnowfromthemountains.?InAmericaPeoplecanbuyicecreaminstores.TheicecreammachinewasintroducedintoAmerica.（2024·江蘇泰州·一模）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文中的信息完成文后的表格。(每空一詞)BeginningofSpringBeginningofSpring,LichuninChinese,isthefirstofthe24SolarTerms(節(jié)氣)inthetraditionalChinesecalendar.Afterthateverythingturnsgreen.Peopleclearlynoticethatdaytimebecomeslongerandtheweathergetswarmer.Thefollowingaresomethingspeopledotocelebratethecomingofspring.FlyingkitesSpringisthebestseasonforkite-flying.Thistraditionalfolkactivitybeganover2,000yearsago.Itcanhelpbuildone’shealthandpreventdiseases.Abreathoffreshairoutsidecanrefreshtheirmindwhentheyareflyingkites.WearingfabricswallowsWearingfabricswallowsisacustominsomepartsinShaanxi.EveryBeginningofSpring,peopleliketowearaswallowmadeofcolorfulsilkontheirchests.Theswallowisasymbolofspringandhappiness.BitingthespringInmanypartsofChina,peoplefollowthecustomof“bitingthespring”onthedayofBeginningofSpring.Theyeatspringpancakes,springrolls(春卷),orafewcarrots.MakingaSpringOxThiscustominShaanxiispracticedrightbeforeBeginningofSpring.Thelocalgovernmenthiressomeskilledworkersandgathersthemtobuildtheframe(框架)ofanoxoutofbamboostripsandthelegswithwood.Peoplewoulddosotowelcomespringandhopeforagoodharvestthatyear.PeopleinChinabeganholdingaspecialactivityonthedayofBeginningofSpringabout3,000yearsago.BytheQingDynasty(1644—1911),greetingspringhadbecomeanimportantfolkactivity.Sincethen,BeginningofSpringasanimportantsolartermhasbeenpassedon.BeginningofSpringIntroductionBeginningofSpringisthefirstofthe24SolarTermsinthetraditionalChinesecalendar,anditis21LichuninChinese.Daytimegetslongerandthetemperaturegets22.The23ofBeginningofSpringFlyingkitesAsatraditionalfolkactivity,ithasa24ofmorethan2,000years.Itcanhelppeoplekeep25andpreventdiseases.WearingfabricswallowsTheswallows26forspringandhappiness,somanypeoplewearfabricswallowsonthedayofBeginningofSpring.BitingthespringPeoplecelebrateBeginningofSpringby27somespecially-madefood.MakingaSpringOxTheskilledworkers28bamboostripsandwoodtomakeanox.Peopledosotowelcomespringand29agoodharvest.ConclusionItis30forChinesepeopletogreetspringonthedayofBeginningofSpring.（2024·江蘇無錫·一模）IoncegavealessontoagroupofprimaryschoolstudentsforaTVprogram.Isuggestedthatwecreatesmallgardens.First,Iaskedthestudentstolookfortheirfavoriteplaceintheschool.Oncethere,Iletthemtryhardtoemptytheirminds.ThenIhadeachofthemdescribetheirexperiencesofnatureinasmallgarden.Inaboxofaboutoneandahalfbytwofeet,theycouldorganizesoil,stones,leavesandgrassfreely.Evenasanactivegardendesigner,Iwasimpressedwiththeirimagination.Thegardenstheymadewerereallycreative.Onechildcreated“water”thatflowedintoa“l(fā)ake”;anotherchildputgrassinawaytorepresent“wind”;andyetanotherchildtriedhardtocreateshade...Thesechildrenwereoftenbusydoingtheirschoolwork.Thatwaswhytheytookgreatinterestwhentheycreatedtheirsmallgardens.Theyspentawonderfultimetogetherwithnature.Tryspendingtimewithnatureyourself.Ifyounoticeastonelyingontheground,pickitupandholdit.Whenyouseebeautifulflowersbythesideoftheroad,stopandenjoythepleasantsmell.Then,insideyourmind.Createyourownsmallgarden.Itwillrelaxyou.CreatesmallgardensCreategardensintheschoolFirst,studentswereaskedtofindtheirfavoriteplaceatschoolandtrynottothinkabout31.Then,theywere32toorganizetheirgardens.Theycaughtmy33withtheircreativegardens.34theyoftenhadnotimefornature,thesechildrentookgreatinterestwhencreatingtheirgardens.CreategardensinsideyourmindYoushouldspendtimewithnatureyourself.Youwillget35ifyoucreateyourowngardeninsideyourmind.（2024·江蘇泰州·二模）閱讀下面短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文后表格中填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每空一詞。Youmighthaveafriendoraclassmatewhorememberseverysingledetail.Howcantheymakeit?Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturallyandabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged.However,actuallythereareplentyofthingsthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.TakeaninterestWeallhavethesameopinionthatwecaneasilyrememberthethingsweareinterestedinandforgettheonesthatboreus.It’snothardtoexplainwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultswithoutdifficulty,butmakeagreatefforttorememberdatesfromhistorylessons!Onewayto“make”yourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions—themore,thebetter!OrganizethingsingroupsResearchershavefoundthatinformationorganizedingroupscanbeeasytoremember.Youcanusethisbyorganizingthematerialsyouarestudying.Trygroupingsimilarknowledgetogether,ormakeamindmapoftextbookreadingtohelpgrouptheinformation.Thenwhenyoulearnmoreaboutthatsubject,youunderstandthatbetter.Besurethingsareclearinyourmind.Ifnot,askquestionsuntilyouunderstand!What’smore,whenyou’relearningnewmaterials,takethetimetothinkabouttherelationshipbetweenthepresentinformationandwhatyou’vealreadyknown.Thenithelpsyourememberinformation.TakephysicalexercisePhysicalexerciseisalsoimportantforyourmemory,becauseitincreasesyourheartrateandsendsmoreoxygentoyourbrain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.Exercisealsoreducesstresswhichisverybadforthememory.Sothenexttimeyou'relearningnewinformation,youcanusethemethodsabove.I’msurethatyouwillimproveyourmemoryandgetmoreoutofit.36toImproveYourMemory37Somepeoplewere38withagoodmemory,andabadmemoryis39tobechanged,butwecandoalotofthingstoimproveourmemory.MainbodyTakinganinterestWeall40thatit’seasytorememberthethingsyouareinterestedin.41thingsingroupsOrganizeinformationingroupstorememberknowledge42.43therelationshipbetweennewmaterialsandyourknowledge.TakingphysicalexerciseExercisetomakeyourmemoryworkbetterwith44stress.conclusionIfyouusethemethodsabove,yourmemorywillbecome45.（2024·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空白處填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，每空一詞。Nowadays,OpenAIcompany’sChatGPT,Dall-EandSorahavebeenahottopicallaroundtheworld.Butperhapsmostofushaveneverthoughtaboutwhatittakestorunsuchintelligent(智能的)products.Onethingthistechnologydependsonmaygetyousurprised—plentyofwater!Whydoesacomputerprogramneedsomuchwater?Infact,inordertohavetheabilitytowritelikeahuman,anAIsystemmustfirststudyalargeamount(數(shù)量)oftextwrittenbyhumans.Intheprocess,itnotonlyusesmuchelectricitybutalsoproducesmuchheat.So,onhotdays,computerengineersusewatertokeepthecomputerscool.MicrosofthasworkedwithOpenAIforyears.Inarecentreport,Microsoftsharedhowmuchwaterwasusedfrom2021to2022.Thetotalamountofwaterusedincoolingmachinesisenoughtofillmorethan2,500Olympic-sizedswimmingpools.ItisbelievedthetrainingofAIsystemsleadstothebigrise.Usually,AIsuper-computingcenterslieinplacesthatarecoolformostoftheyear.Thesecenterscanjustuseoutsideairtocoolthecomputers.Butinsummer,thetemperaturegoesto30℃.Thecomputerengineershavetousealargeamountofwatertocoolallthemachines.ChatGPTalso“drinks”waterwhilechatting.ScientistshaveworkedouttheenvironmentalcostsofusingAIproducts.Foraconversationof20to50questionsandanswers,ChatGPTusesupabottleofwater,about500ml.Theexactamountofwaterusedinchattingchangeswiththeseasons.Manypeopleareunawareoftheproblem.Ifyoudon’tknowhowmanyresourcesChatGPTuses,howcanyouhelptosavewater?ThenexttimeyouareamazedathowsmartChatGPTis,thinkabouthowmuchwaterit’s“drinking”.Whynotreducethetimeoftalkingtomachines—tohelpsavetheEarth’swaterresources!How“thirsty”areAIsystems?Aroundtheworld,intelligentproductsare46heatedly.However,thefactthatmuchwaterisusedinrunningthemmay47manypeople.The48forusingmuchwaterWhenanAIsystemlearnsto49likeaman,itneedselectricityandproducesheat.Asaresultwaterisusedtokeepcomputerscool.ArecentreportbyMicrosoftFrom2021to2022,theamountofthewaterusedincoolingmachineskept50.ThetrainingoftheAIsystemisthecauseofit.Theanalysis(分析)Theamountofusedwateris

connectedwith51AIsuper-computingcentersarebuilt.

affectedbythehigh52oftheseplaces.

not53allyeararoundandchangeswithseasons.Advice◆Consideritasa54.◆SaveEarth’swaterresourcesbyhavingmore55withhumans.（2024·江蘇無錫·一模）Thereisonethingintheworldthat’ssmallerthanyourfingernail.Butwithoutit,wecan’tusenearlyalltheelectronics.It’sthemicrochip!Itisoneofthemostimportantinventionsinhumanhistory.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutmicrochips?Herearesomebasicsforyoutolearnit.Whataremicrochips?Nottobeconfusedwithpotatochips,Microchipsareverysmallelectronicdevicespeopleusetostoreanddealwithinformation.Amicrochipisasetofinterconnectedelectroniccomponentsthatareimprintedonaverysmallchip.Asmicrochipshavesomanyconnectedcomponents,theyarealsocalledintegratedcircuits.Therearemainlytwokindsofmicrochips:logicchipsandmemorychips.Logicchipsarethe“brains”ofelectronicdevices—theydealwithinformationtofinishatask.Memorychipsstoreinformation.ApplicationandimportanceMicrochipsareineverythingelectricalfromcomputerstocellphones,TVs,cameras,cars,airplanes,appliancesandmedicalequipment.MicrochipsarealsousedinGPStrackingdevicesandidentificationcardsandareusedtorecordactivitiesandinformation.Microchipstakeandprocessdigitalinformationandmakeitusablerightaway.Forexample,aCentralProcessingUnit(CPU),orprocessor,isthemainchipinacomputer.Itsresponsibleforcarryingoutallthecomputer’stasks.Whataremicrochipsmadefrom?Themainingredientformakingmicrochipsissilicon.It’sachemicalelementthatcanbefoundinrocks,sand,clayandsoil.Siliconisasemiconductor,meaningthatitsconductivepropertiescanbecomestrongerbymixingitwithotheringredients.Thismakesitpossibletoturnanelectricalcurrentonoroff.Thesiliconusedtomakemicrochipsmostlycomesfromsilicasand,madeofsilicondioxide.Helpfully,it’severywhere!It’sthesecondmostcommonelementonEarthafteroxygen.Howsmallcanmicrochipsbe?Onemicrochipissmallerthanabuttononyourshirtbutithasbillionsoftransistors(晶體管).Soit’seasytounderstandjusthowsmallthefeaturesonachipneedtobe.Chipfeaturesaremeasuredinnanometers(納米).Ananometerisonebillionthofameter.Thesmallerthefeaturesinthepatternscreated,themoretransistorscanfitonachip,andthemorethechipcando.ABrief56toMicrochipsWithoutmicrochips,oneofthemostimportantinventionsinhistory,almostallofourelectronicproductsmightnot57.Definition·Smallelectronicdevicesare58tostoreanddealwithinformation.·Twokinds:logicandmemorychips.Applicationandimportance·Theyareineverythingelectricaltorecordactivitiesandinformation.·Theyprocessdigitalinformationandmakeusers59touseitatonce.Size·Onemicrochipwithbillionsoftransistorsissmallerthanabutton.·Thebiggerthechipfeaturescreated,the60transistorscanfitonachip.（2024·江蘇南京·一模）Thetwenty-firstcenturyisalreadyturningouttobethecenturyofmoderntechnologies.Thetechnologicalrevolution(革命)thatstartedafterWorldWarIIisnowdevelopingmorequickly.Computingandothertechnologicaldevelopmentisbeginningtoreachintoinfluenceandtakeovernearlyeverypartofourlives.Thetwomaininfluencesmoderncomputinghashadonourlivesareintheareasofeconomics(經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué))andcommunications.Technologyhasledtobigchangesineconomicandbusinesssystemsandoperations(經(jīng)營).Businessesnowhavetobeusingcloudservicesormachinelearningorriskfailure.Asaresult,everybigcompanybasesitsoperationsoncomputing.Forexample,CocaCola,HuaweiandTencentselldifferentproductsandservices,yettheyallshareonebasicfeature—withoutmoderncomputingservices,theiroperationswouldbreakdown.Newtechnologiesplayanimportantroleineconomies.ChinaandmanyotherdevelopingcountrieshavelargeITindustries,whichdrivetheireconomies.What’smore,developedcountries,includingGermanyandtheUnitedStates,aremovingfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoacomputingandIT-basedone.Theotherimportantinfluenceoftechnologicalchangeisinthewayofcommunication.Forexample,inthepast,peoplewrotelettersortalkedonfixedphones,whichsloweddownthecommunicationprocess.Nowtheysende-mailsandtextmessages,orchatusingmobilephones.Insteadofwaitingweeksforaletterorspendingtimefindingafixedphone,wecancommunicaterightaway.Newformsofcommunicationarecheaperorfree.Asaresult,nowpeoplewholivethousandsofkilometresawayfromeachothercancommunicateasmuchastheywantatanytime.Inconclusion,computingandnewtechnologieshavehadagreatinfluenceonourlivesinmanyways.Andtheyhavehadthegreatestinfluenceinbusinessandcommunication.Inthefuture,iftechnologycontinuesdevelopingatsuchspeed,ourbusinesspracticesandmethodsofcommunicationwillhaveevengreaterchanges.Itisalreadystartingtobringchangestootherpartsofourlives,suchastransportationandhealth.Whatinfluencehastechnologyhadonourlives?Introduction>Greatchangeshavetakenplaceintechnologies61WorldWarII.>Computinghasmadeagreat62toeconomicsandcommunications.63ofmaininfluences>Operationsofbigcompanies64oncomputing.>LargeITindustries65countrieslikeChinatodeveloptheireconomies.>Newtechnologieshave66GermanyandUSAintoacomputingandIT-basedeconomy.>Technologicalchangemakescommunication67andfasterthanbefore.>Wespend68oncommunicationaswell.>Peoplecancommunicatewitheachother69theywant.ConclusionThemore70technologyisdeveloping,thegreaterchangeswewillhave.（23-24九年級下·江蘇南京·階段練習(xí)）Manyofushavehadthisexperience:weliedowninabedotherthanourown,perhapsatafriend’shouseorinahotelroom,andfinditdifficulttofallasleep.Isitbecausethebedisuncomfortable?Maybe,butperhapstherecanbeotherreasons.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,asignificantreasoniswhatthescientistscall“firstnighteffect”.Theybelievethatonesideofthebrainactsasa“nightwatch”togiveusawarningaboutpotential(潛在的)dangers.Itforcesustostayawakeonthefirstnightinanewenvironment.Forthestudy,35youngvolunteersweretoldtosleepinalabforseveraldays.Meanwhile,researcherswatchedtheirbrainactivities.Accordingtotheresearchers,ontheirfirstnight,theleftbrainsweremoreactivethantherightbrainsandpeoplehadahardtimesleeping.However,left-brainactivityreducedasdayswentby,fallingeventothepointofcompletecalm.Inthisprocess,thevolunteersgotanincreasinglybettersleepexperience.Thefindingssuggestthatthedifferentrhythms(節(jié)奏)ofthesidesofthebraininfluenceoursleep.Whenthetwosidesworkdifferently,thebalancebetweenthemisbroken.Thus,thebraincan’trelaxandissensitivetoanythingstrangeinthesurroundings,justasitisinthedaytime.“Atsomelevel,thebrainiscontinuingtoanalyze(分析)things,eventhoughyoudon’trealizetheanalysis,”USprofessorJeromeSiegeltoldSmithsonianMagazine.“Ifsomethingunusualhappens—ifadooropensoryouhearakeyinalock—youcanbealert(警惕的).”Moresurprisingly,thissituationissimilartothewaysomeanimalssleep.Whales,dolphins,andmanybirdscansleepwithhalfoftheirbrainwhiletheotherhalfstaysawake.Ifyouhaveeverhadwhatyouthinkis“firstnighteffect”,researcherssuggestthatyoubringyourownpilloworsleepinaroomsimilartoyourbedroomnexttimeyousleepawayfromhome.Whycan’tyougettosleep?IntroductionPeoplecan’tfallasleepeasilywhen71inanewenvironment.ReasonOnesideofthebrainstaysawaketo72usaboutpotential(潛在的)dangers.ProcessandfindingsoftheresearchResearcherstoldsomevolunteerstosleepinalab,73theirbrainactivities.Toomanyleft-brainactivities74thebadsleepexperienceonthefirstnight.Theirleftbrainsbecame75activeastimewentbyandbecamecalmgradually.76tofindingsWhetheryoucanhaveagoodsleep77onthebalancebetweenthetwosidesofthebrain.Youyourselfdon’trealizeit,78yourbraindoesn’tstopanalyzingthings.It’ssurprisingtofindoutthatthewayhumanssleepisjust79someanimalsdo.80Takeapilloworliveinasimilarroomwhenstayinginanewplace.參考答案：1．since2．dangerous3．problems4．gravity5．solving6．over7．included8．purpose/aim/goal9．heavy10．tired【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了宇航員面臨的問題和所接受的訓(xùn)練。1．根據(jù)“EversinceYangLiweimadeittospacein2003,asmanyasover20Chineseastronautshavegonetospace.”可知，自2003年以來，已有多名中國宇航員進(jìn)入太空；since“自從”，符合語境。故填since。2．根據(jù)“Beinganastronautiscoolbutsometimesdangerous.”可知，成為一名宇航員很酷，但有時也很危險；dangerous“危險的”，符合語境。故填dangerous。3．根據(jù)“Low...whichmakesthemfeeluncomfortable.”、“Feelingsadorstressedbecauseofbeingawayfromhome”和“Somesuddenproblemswhichneed...”都是宇航員需要面臨的問題；problems“問題”，符合語境，首字母大寫。故填Problems。4．根據(jù)“Thereislittlegravitythere,whichinfluencestheirbodies.”可知，低重力會讓他們感到不舒服；gravity“重力”，符合語境。故填gravity。5．根據(jù)“What’smore,ifsomethinggoeswrongontheirmissionallofasudden,theyhavetoworkouthowtofixitunderhugepressure.”可知，一些突發(fā)的問題需要解決；solve“解決”，動詞；根據(jù)sth.needdoing“某事需要被做”可知，應(yīng)用ing形式。故填solving。6．根據(jù)“Eighttypes,coveringmorethan200subjectsoftraining,areset.”可知，設(shè)置了8種培訓(xùn)類型，涵蓋200多個培訓(xùn)科目；over“超過”，符合語境，與morethan同義。故填over。7．根據(jù)“Apartfromphysicaltraining,italsoincludesbasicscienceknowledgeandmock(模擬)missions.”可知體能訓(xùn)練、基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)知識和模擬任務(wù)都被包括在內(nèi)；include“包括”，動詞，此處應(yīng)用過去分詞included，與are構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填included。8．根據(jù)“Thishelpsthemgetreadyfortheweightlessenvironmentinspace.”可知，水下訓(xùn)練的目的/目標(biāo)是幫助宇航員為太空中的失重環(huán)境做好準(zhǔn)備；purpose/aim“目的”，goal“目標(biāo)”，符合語境；由is可知，名詞用單數(shù)。故填purpose/aim/goal。9．根據(jù)“Huangexplainedthatastronautsweardivingsuits(潛水服)thatweighmorethan100kilogramsandstayunderwaterforsi