Period3GrammarUnit1AsiaAUsingitasapronounTIPIfananimalisapet,weusuallyuseheorsheforit.Mycatisveryfriendly.Sheisahappycat.·Weuseitforanimalsandlifelessthings.Lookatthepanda.Itissosmall.AnotherfamousattractionistheGreatWall.Itrunsforover6,000kilometresacrossnorthernChina.·Weuseitforayoungchildwhenwedonotknowwhetheritisagirloraboy.Myauntwillhaveababysoon.Shehopesitwillbeagirl.Lookatthatcutebabyoverthere!It’saboy,isn’tit?·Weuseitforanunknownperson.—Whowascallingyouonthephonejustnow?—Itwasmycousin.·Weuseitforanaction,asituationoranideamentionedinapreviousstatement.RidingaroundthecountrysideispopularinGuilin,isn’tit?TouristsliketotakeaboattripalongtheLijiangRiver.Itisgreatfun.AvisittotheSummerPalaceTheexchangestudentsvisitedtheSummerPalaceyesterday.Keviniswritingaboutit.Readthepassagebelowandfindoutwhateachitrefersto.Writeyouranswersintheblanks.YesterdaywevisitedtheSummerPalaceandspentaboutthreehoursinit.ThepalaceisaChinesegardenandmainlyincludesahillandalake.Thelakeisverybig—ittakesupthreequartersofthearea.

①溫馨提示：此符號表示“考點精講點撥”鏈接。Itwasfrozen,sowecouldnotrowaboatthere.Itwasreallyapity.Acrossthelakeisa17-holebridge.

②

Therearemanystonelionsoneithersideofit.

③

Thelionsarealldifferentfromeachother.Isn’titamazing?WhileIwaswalkingalongthebridge,mymobilephonerang.

④

Itwasmymum.ItoldherthattheSummerPalacewaswellworthvisiting.1._____________________2.__________________3._____________________

4.____________________________________5.____________________________________6._______________________________________________7.____________________________________theSummerPalacethelakeThelakewecouldnotrowaboattherethe17-holebridgethelionsarealldifferentfromeachotheranunknownpersonBUsingitasanimpersonalpronounWealsouseitforthetime,thedate,theweather,thedistance,etc.Itis6:30p.m.Itisrainingheavilyoutside.Itis1Januarytoday.ItisNewYear’sDay.InBeijing,itiscoldandwindyinwinter.Itistwokilometresfrommyschooltomyhome.LeavingforShanghaiTheexchangestudentsleftforShanghai.Kevinhasmadesomenotesinhisdiary.Rewritehissentenceswithit.1.Todayis22February.WeleftBeijingforShanghaiearlyinthemorning.⑤________________________.WeleftBeijingforShanghaiearlyinthemorning.Itis22Februarytoday2.Shanghaiisabout1,300kilometresfromBeijing.___________________________fromBeijingtoShanghai.3.Iwokeupat5a.m.thismorning._______________whenIwokeupthismorning.4.Ifeltalittlecoldwhenwewentout.Thetemperaturewasonly2℃.Ifeltalittlecoldwhenwewentout._______________.Itisabout1,300kilometresItwas5a.m.Itwasonly2℃5.WinterisverycoldanddryinBeijing.Inwinter,_______________________________.6.WearrivedinShanghaionasunnyday.⑥_______________________whenwearrivedinShanghai.7.Wegottoourhotelatnoon._______________whenwegottoourhotel.8.OurhotelisnotfarfromtheBund._______________fromtheBundtoourhotel.itisverycoldanddryinBeijingItwassunny/asunnydayItwasnoonItisnotfarCUsingittoreplacetherealsubjectorobjectSometimesweuseittoreplacetherealsubjectorobjectinasentence.Inthissituation,weputtherealsubjectorobjectlaterinthesentenceintheformofato-infinitiveoraclause.Itisverytiringtoclimbthesteps.Itispopulartohireabicycleandridearoundthecountryside.Itisamazingthattherearesomanyrocksinunusualshapesinthecave.Manypeoplefinditpleasanttotravelaround.UsefulstructureswithititItis+adjective+(of/for...)+toIttakes...sometimetoItissaid/reported/...that...think(s)/find(s)iteasy/difficult/...toAboutShanghaiMissThompson,aBritishteachertravellingwiththeexchangestudents,iswritingdownwhatshethinksaboutShanghai.Helphercompletehernoteswithit.Traffic:Thetrafficisoftenbusy,butpublictransporthereisquitegood,so(1)_______________(easy)forpeopletogetaround.Weather:(2)

____________(sunny)andwarm.Welike(3)

_______here.itiseasyItissunnyitEnvironment:(4)___________

(said)thattheairisnotcleanhere,butIdonotthinkthepollutionisasseriousasIimagined.Sights:Shanghaiisbeautiful.(5)___________

(fun)toridearoundthecityandvisittheinterestingplaces.Food:Chinesefoodisdelicious.IwillaskmyfamilytogotoaChineserestaurantandtry(6)___________

whenIgetback.ItissaidItisfunitHotel:Weallthink(7)

____________________(comfortable)tostayinthishotel.Theyprovideahighlevelofservice.⑦

People:Thelocalpeoplearefriendly.(8)___________

(kind)ofthemtoanswerallourquestions.it(is)comfortableItiskind考點精講①Thelakeisverybig—ittakesupthreequartersofthearea.（高頻）takeup占據(jù)（空間），占用（時間）e.g.Theytakeuptoomuchspace.它們占了太多空間?！猈hatareyougoingtododuringthesummervacation?暑假期間你打算做什么？—Iamgoingtotakeupanewhobbylikeswimmingordancing.我打算培養(yǎng)一個新愛好，比如游泳或跳舞?？键c1占據(jù)，占用開始從事；學著做，開始做考點精講常見的含有take的短語：takeoff起飛，脫掉takeon呈現(xiàn)takeout拿出，取出takeplace發(fā)生takein吸收takeaway拿走takecareof照顧，照看takepartin參加takedown寫下，拿下takeback退回，收回考題1：[蘇州]IknowhowbusyyouareandnaturallyIwouldn’ttake______toomuchofyourtime.A.offB.upC.onD.down【點撥】本題用短語辨析法。takeoff脫下，起飛；takeup占用，從事；takeon承擔，呈現(xiàn)；takedown寫下，拿下。根據(jù)句中的“busy”提示用takeup，表示“占用”時間。B考點精講考點精講quarter/'kw??t?(r)/n.四分之一threequarters意為“四分之三”，相當于threefourths。e.g.Thetheatrewasaboutthreequartersfull.劇場大約坐了四分之三的人。Inaquarterofanhour,I’vegottogo.一刻鐘后，我就得走了。一刻鐘考點2考向特別提醒“四分之一”常表示為aquarter；“四分之三”表示為threequarters；“二分之一”表示為ahalf?？键c精講拓展：（1）分數(shù)表達法：分子使用基數(shù)詞，分母使用序數(shù)詞，分子在前，分母在后，兩者之間有無連字符都可以。如果分子大于1，分母應該使用復數(shù)形式。分數(shù)表達中，切記分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母加-s?？键c精講e.g.a/onehalf（一般不讀作asecond）one-fourth或a/onequarterthree-fourths或threequarters

考點精講（2）“分數(shù)+of+the+名詞”作句子的主語時，如果of后是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞應用原形，如果of后是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，則謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。e.g.ThreequartersofthestudentslikeEnglish.四分之三的學生喜歡英語。Aboutthreequartersoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.地球約四分之三被水覆蓋。分數(shù)+of+the+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞用原形。分數(shù)+of+the+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式?？碱}2：[白銀]Iwaitedaquarterofanhourandwenthome._____A.10minutesB.15minutesC.30minutesD.45minutes【點撥】aquarterofanhour為一刻鐘，即15分鐘。B考點精講考題3：[綏化]About________ofmyclassmateshelptheirparentsdohouseworkonweekends.A.twofifthsB.secondfiveC.secondfifths【點撥】句意：我大約五分之二的同學在周末幫助他們的父母做家務。分數(shù)的表達：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當分子大于1時，分母用序數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式，所以五分之二的表達為：twofifths。A考點精講返回溫馨提示:可返回原文考點精講②Acrossthelakeisa17-holebridge.across/?'kr?s/prep.穿過考點3倒裝句，正常語序為“A17-holebridgeisacrossthelake.”。英語中，若將地點狀語置于句首，句子用完全倒裝結構?？键c精講e.g.Canyouswimacrosstheriver?你能游過那條河嗎？Becarefultogothroughtheforest.穿過森林要當心。Wemustclimboverthewall.我們必須翻過這堵墻。across表示從某物的表面“橫過”,涉及“面”的概念，常指從一邊到另一邊。through指在立體空間中“穿過”，從物體的內(nèi)部穿過。over表示從物體表面上方“越過”。辨析：across,through與over考題4：[連云港]Thetrafficlightisgreen.Let’sgo_____theroad.A.againstB.amongC.acrossD.above【點撥】against反對，違背；among在……之中；across橫過，穿過；above在……上方。根據(jù)前句句意“交通燈是綠色的?！笨芍?，后句句意是“讓我們過馬路吧”。固定短語goacross意為“穿過”。C考點精講考題5：[日照]Anotherbridgeisgoingtobebuiltatheriverthisyear.【點撥】句意：今年將在這條河上再建一座橋。根據(jù)題干和常識可知，橋是建立在河上，而且橫穿過河，across“穿過”符合語境。cross考點精講返回考點精講③Therearemanystonelionsoneithersideofit.either/'a?e?(r)/det.&pron.兩者之一adv.也either用作限定詞，意為“（兩者中的）任何一個；每個”，后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。e.g.Youcanparkoneithersideofthestreet.這條街兩邊都可停車?？键c4考向1考點精講用作代詞，意為“（兩者中的）任何一個”。e.g.Ihaveboughttwobooks,andyoucanhaveeither.我買了兩本書，你要哪一本都可以。Idon’tthinkeitherofthemisathome.我想他們中任何一個都不在家?？枷?考點精講either用作副詞，意為“也”，通常置于否定句句末。e.g.Amydoesn’tlikemeat.Idon’tlikeiteither.埃米不喜歡肉。我也不喜歡。either可以構成結構either...or...，意為“或者……或者……；不是……就是……”，在句中連接兩個并列成分。e.g.Eitheryouorhegoesswimmingwithme.你或者他和我一起去游泳?？枷?考向4考點精講當連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞必須與最近的主語保持一致。知識拓展：both...and...兩者都……neither...nor...既不……也不……考題6：[瀘州]—TherearetwobooksabouttraditionalChinesetea-makingculture.—You’refreetotake______ofthemandleaveoneforme.A.allB.eitherC.neitherD.none【點撥】all所有；either兩者之中任意一個；neither兩者都不；none沒有一個。根據(jù)“Therearetwobooks”和“l(fā)eaveoneforme”可知，要留下一本，即可以拿走兩本書中任意一本，either符合題意。B考點精講返回考點精講④WhileIwaswalkingalongthebridge,mymobilephonerang.while/wa?l/conj.當……的時候；然而n.一會兒，一段時間e.g.IwaswritingadiarywhilemybrotherwaswatchingTVyesterdayevening.昨天晚上我的弟弟在看電視的時候，我在寫日記。考點5while引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……的時候”，從句中的謂語動詞應用延續(xù)性動詞?？键c精講while表示一段時間，引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，主句的動作與從句的動作同時持續(xù)地進行或主句的動作在從句的動作進行期間發(fā)生。when表示一段時間或時間點，引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞可以是短暫性動詞或延續(xù)性動詞，從句的動作與主句的動作可以同時發(fā)生或先后發(fā)生。辨析：while與when考點精講拓展：（1）while引導讓步狀語從句，多用于句首，意為“盡管，雖然”。e.g.Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.雖然他愛他的學生,但是他對他們很嚴格。（2）while作并列連詞用，意為“而，然而”，表示前后意義上的對比或轉折。e.g.ThegirllikestenniswhileIlikefootball.這個女孩喜歡網(wǎng)球，而我喜歡足球。此時可與連詞but互換此時可與though/although互換考題7：[揚州]Whileeveryone_____thecomicspage,Ipickedupacopytoseewhatwassofunny.A.islaughingatB.laughedatC.laughsatD.waslaughingat【點撥】句意：當每個人都在笑漫畫頁時，我拿起一本，想看看是什么這么好笑。laughat“嘲笑”，本題是while引導的時間狀語從句，強調(diào)從句動作正在進行時，主句動作發(fā)生，結合“Ipickedupacopy”可知，從句時態(tài)用過去進行時。D考點精講返回考點精講⑤WeleftBeijingforShanghaiearlyinthemorning.leave...for...離開……去……(leave-left-left)考點6leave的常見搭配：①leaveAforB離開A地去B地②leaveforB動身去B地③leave+地點離開某地考點精講e.g.WhenareyouleavingNanjingforBeijing?你何時從南京動身去北京？WhenareyouleavingforBeijing?你何時動身去北京？Hewillleavehishometownintwodays.兩天后，他將離開他的家鄉(xiāng)。返回考點精講⑥WearrivedinShanghaionasunnyday.arrivev.到達考點7特別提醒arrive和get都可直接跟地點副詞home，there或here?？键c精講arrivearrive是不及物動詞，表示“到達、抵達某地(尤指行程的終點)”，后常接介詞at或in，一般in接大地方，at接小地方，若是地點副詞，則不用介詞。reachreach是及物動詞，直接接賓語，不用介詞。getget是不及物動詞，多用于口語，其后接的介詞是to，后面如果接地點副詞，則不用介詞。辨析：arrive,reach與get考點精講e.g.IarrivedinShanghaiyesterday.我昨天抵達上海。WhenwillHenryarriveatthepark?亨利什么時候到公園？Theydidn’treachtheborderuntilafterdark.他們天黑以后才到達邊境。Lilygothomeat7o’clock.莉莉七點到了家。速記小法速記小法：arrive的用法：arrive，不及物，地點需分大和?。淮蟮攸c，in來找，小地點，at表?？碱}8：Thetrain_____Shanghaiat10.Let’s_____thestationbeforethat.A.arrivesin;gettoB.arrives;gettoC.gets;arriveD.getsto;arrive【點撥】arrivein到達（后接大地點）；getto到達?！癝hanghai”是大地點，用arrivein或getto表示“到達”?！皊tation”是小地點，用arriveat或getto表示“到達”。A考點精講返回考點精講⑦Theyprovideahighlevelofservice.provide/pr?'va?d/v.提供考點8provide指有遠見，為應對意外、緊急情況等做好充分準備而“供給、提供”。常用于providesb.withsth.或providesth.forsb.結構。offer側重表示“愿意給予”。常用于offersb.sth.（=offersth.tosb.)或offertodosth.結構。辨析：provide與offer考點精講e.g.Theschoolprovidesfoodforthestudents.學校為學生提供伙食。Theyprovideduswithallthebooksweneeded.他們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┝宋覀冃枰乃袝?。Sheofferedmeacupoftea.她給我端了杯茶。Heofferedtogoinsteadofme.他主動提出代替我去。考題9：[營口]Thenewly-builtteachingbuildingprovidesthestudents______acomfortablelearningenvironment.A.forB.toC.withD.in【點撥】用固定搭配法解題。providesb.withsth.表示“給某人提供某物”。C考點精講考點精講service/'s??v?s/n.服務；工作e.g.Thehighwayhasbeeninservice/usefortwoyears.這條公路已經(jīng)使用兩年了。Thesofawillserveasabedforanightortwo.沙發(fā)可以當床湊合一兩夜?？键c9inservice=inuse服務，在使用充當，擔任……service的詞形變化：servev.服務serviceservantn.仆人；傭人考題10：Wewillprovidethebest_____foryou.Thissentencemeansthatwewilltryourbestto_____you.A.serve;serveB.service;serviceC.service;serveD.serve;service【點撥】用詞義辨析法解題。service名詞，服務；serve動詞，服務。第一處在動詞后作賓語，用名詞；第二處考查“tryone’sbesttodosth.”短語，故用動詞。C考點精講返回代詞it的用法單元語法代詞it的用法it作人稱代詞用于指代動物或無生命的事物。①用于指代不清楚性別的小孩。②用于指代不明身份的人。③用于指代前面提到過的事物。④it作非人稱代詞主要用于指時間、距離、日期、天氣、溫度等。

⑤單元語法代詞it的用法it作形式主語的常用句型It+is+adj.forsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事是……的。⑥It+is+adj.+ofsb.todosth.某人做某事是……的。⑦Ittakessb.+sometime+todosth.某人做某事花費……時間。⑧Itissaid/reportedthat...據(jù)說/據(jù)報道……⑨it作形式賓語的常用句型...think(s)/find(s)it+adj.+todosth.……認為/發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是……的。

⑩

單元語法特別提醒當不定式、動名詞、從句等復雜成分用作句子主語時，為保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主語放在句末，而在句首使用形式主語it。1e.g.Thereisarosebushnearthefenceanditisverybeautiful.籬笆附近有一叢玫瑰，長得非常美麗。2e.g.Shewasholdingthebaby,cradlingitandsmilingintoitsface.她抱著嬰兒，一邊輕搖著它，一邊沖著它微笑。3e.g.Thereisaknockonthedoor.Maybeitisthepostman.有人在敲門?？赡苁青]遞員。4e.g.Ifthehatdoesn’tfit,youcantakeitback.要是這頂帽子不合適，你可以把它退回去。單元語法返回單元語法考題1：[達州]—Sandy,couldyoufoldtheclothesforme?—Why_______?Iamnotavailable.YoucanaskDavidtodo_______instead.A.him;th