PPTcoursewareformiddleschoolEnglishinfinitiv目錄ThedefinitionandformofinfinitivesThegrammaticalfunctionofinfinitivesThetenseandvoiceofinfinitivesOmittingofinfinitivesSpecialusageofinfinitivesAnalysisofUncertainTrueQuestionsintheMiddleSchoolEntranceExaminationCONTENTS01ThedefinitionandformofinfinitivesCHAPTERInfinitiveisthebasicformoftheverb,withoutanytenseorvoicedistinctions.Itisusedasthesubjectorobjectofaclause,orasthecomplementofaclause.Itistheuninflectedformoftheverb,anditdoesnotchangewithperson,number,orgender.Definitionofinfinitive

TheformofinfinitiveTheinfinitiveformofaverbisusuallyendedwith"-to"or"-ing".The"-to"infinitiveisthemostcommonform,anditisusedinmostcases.The"-ing"infinitiveisalsocommon,anditisusedwhenthesubjectperformstheactiondescribedbytheverb.Thenegativeformofinfinitiveisformedbyadding"not"or"no"beforetheinfinitiveformofaverb.Itisusedtoexpressnegationordenialofanactiondescribedbytheverb.Forexample,"Idon'twanttogo"meansthatthesubjectdoesnotwanttogo.Thenegativeformofinfinitive02ThegrammaticalfunctionofinfinitivesCHAPTERAsthesubjectInfinitivescanbeusedasthesubjectofasentence,replacinganounphrase.Forexample,"TolearnEnglishisimportant."Thisusageiscommoninwritingandlesscommoninspeech.Infinitivescanbeusedasacomplementtolinkthesubjectandpredicate,similartotheuseofanounphrase.Forexample,"Shelikestodance."Thisusageismorecommoninspeechthaninwriting.AsacomplementInfinitivescanbeusedasanadverbialtomodifytheverb,similartotheuseofanadjectiveoradverb.Forexample,"Theywenttotheparktoplay."Thisusageiscommoninbothspeechandwriting.Asanadverbial03ThetenseandvoiceofinfinitivesCHAPTERPresentinfinitiveThebasicformoftheinfinitive,withoutanytensesuffixes,is"to+verb".Itisusedtoexpressactionsorstatesthatarenotyetcompletedorarehabitual.PastinfinitiveThepastinfinitiveisformedbyadding"-ed"totheendoftheverb.Itisusedtoexpressactionsorstatesthathavebeencompletedinthepast.FutureinfinitiveThefutureinfinitiveisformedbyadding"to+verb+-ing"totheendoftheverb.Itisusedtoexpressactionsorstatesthatwilloccurinthefuture.InfinitivetenseVSTheactivevoiceoftheinfinitiveisformedbyusingthepresentorpastinfinitiveformoftheverb.Itemphasizesthesubjectperformingtheaction,anditisthemostcommonvoiceusedinEnglish.PassivevoiceThepassivevoiceoftheinfinitiveisformedbyusingthe"tobe"verbfollowedbythepastparticipleformoftheverb.Itemphasizestheactionbeingperformedonthesubject,anditislesscommoninEnglish.ActivevoiceTheinfinitivevoiceThepassiveinfinitiveisformedbyusingthepassivevoiceoftheinfinitive.Itisusedwhenthesubjectofthesentenceisperforminganactionthatisnotvoluntaryorwhentheemphasisisontheactionitselfratherthanonthepersonperformingit.passiveinfinitive04OmittingofinfinitivesCHAPTER0102Theinfinitiveofomittingtoafteramodalverb在英語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（如can,may,must等）后跟動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)，通常省略"to"。這種用法在語(yǔ)法上被稱(chēng)為"不帶to的不定式"。在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后省略"to"的用法Omittingafterhadbetterhadbetter后的省略規(guī)則hadbetter是一個(gè)常用的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，表示建議或推薦。當(dāng)它后面跟動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)，通常省略"to"。感官動(dòng)詞后的省略規(guī)則感官動(dòng)詞（如see,hear,feel等）后跟動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)，通常省略"to"。這種用法在語(yǔ)法上被稱(chēng)為"不帶to的不定式"。Theinfinitiveofomittingtoafterthesensoryverb動(dòng)詞在不定式和動(dòng)名詞形式中的使用情況在英語(yǔ)中，有些動(dòng)詞既可以作為不定式使用，也可以作為動(dòng)名詞使用。在某些情況下，這兩種形式可能具有不同的含義或用法。Thesituationwhereverbsareusedinbothinfinitivesandgerunds05SpecialusageofinfinitivesCHAPTER010204UsedinfixedcombinationsInfinitiveusedwith"have"inthesenseof"tohave"Infinitiveusedwith"get"inthesenseof"toget"Infinitiveusedwith"make"inthesenseof"tomake"Infinitiveusedwith"take"inthesenseof"totake"03Theinfinitiveisusedtoexpressthepurposeofanaction.Forexample,"Iwenttothestoretobuymilk."PurposeTheinfinitiveisusedtoexpresstheresultofanaction.Forexample,"Hestudiedhardandpassedtheexam."ResultTheusageofexpressingpurposeorresultTheinfinitiveisusedtoexpressacondition.Forexample,"Ifyouwanttosucceed,youmustworkhard."Theinfinitiveisusedtoexpressanassumption.Forexample,"Assumingyouwanttogototheparty,wecanleaveat7:00."TheusageofexpressingconditionsorassumptionsAssumptionCondition06AnalysisofUncertainTrueQuestionsintheMiddleSchoolEntranceExaminationCHAPTER"Theinfinitiveoftheverb'tobe'inEnglishis_____."TrueQuestion1"tobe"AnswerTheinfinitiveformoftheverb'tobe'inEnglishis'tobe'.Itisthebaseformoftheverbwithoutanysuffixesorprefixes.ExplanationAnalysisofTrueQuestion"WhichofthefollowingisNOTapresentparticipleinEnglish?""painting"Thecorrectansweris"painting".Thegivenoptionsare"painting","running","swimming"and"writing".While"running","swimming"and"writing"arepresentparticiples,"painting"isnotbecauseitdoesnotendin"-ing".TrueQuestion2AnswerExplanationAnalysi