刮板輸送機(jī)外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)太原理工大學(xué)陽(yáng)泉學(xué)院----畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書刮板輸送機(jī)外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)(文檔含中英文對(duì)照即英文原文和中文翻譯)Minescraperconveyorsoft-startmodeofselectionandapplication

Highyieldandhighefficiencyinthecoalminefullymechanizedcoalfaceofthebuilding,tofacebig-long,largetosupporttherequirementsofthepowerofShearerandscraperconveyor.Ordinaryfullymechanizedcoalfaceofthelong-generalinabout150m,scraperconveyortransportcapacityof500t/haroundhighyieldandhighefficiencyandfullymechanizedcoalfaceofthelong-Generalto180~300m,scraperconveyortransportcapacityof800t/handabove,therefore,conveyorpowergreatergrowth.PingdingshanCoalMiningGroupCompanytoasanexample,thescraperconveyorofpowerinmost400(2×200)kWandabove,thelargestforthe750(2×375)kW.Scraperconveyortothestart-uplaunchedmainlytwo-speed,limitedbyasmallnumberoffillinghydrauliccoupler,whichstartedtwokindsofways,notonlyoperatingcosts,anditstandshigh.Therefore,theneedtoseeknewtechnologyandequipmenttomeettherequirementsofhighyieldandhighefficiency.

一、currentsituationandexistingproblems

(一)limitfillinghydrauliccouplerinthehigh-power,bigload,itssize,whenitwiththemotorandreducerconnection,thegreatertheshareofspace.Limitedspaceintheworkoftheoccasion,toomuchvolumewillscraperconveyorlayoutdifficult.Coupledwithincreasedhydraulictransmissiondistanceandhigh-speedrotatingstateandeasytohaveagreaterimpactontheradialdynamicload,andtheslowdowncausedbyelectricalinstallationsdamaged.Coupledwiththeinputandoutputspeedthanthespeedofusuallynomorethan97percent,thatisimpossibletoachieveinputshaftandoutputshaftofsync,whichmustexistgreaterpowerloss,reducingtheefficiencyofthetransmissionsystem.

(二)two-speedmotordrivesystemiscurrentlyinChina'sminingscraperconveyorincommon.Undernormalcircumstances,theratedspeedmotortostartthehalf,correspondingtostartmotorpowerisalsoratedpowerofthehalf.Tolow-speedmotorlaunch,whenthecompletionoftheprocessinitiatedaftertheswitchtohigh-speedoperation,fromstarttothenormaloperationofsub-levels,inpart,reducetheimpactofthelaunch.Inthiswaytousethespecialtwo-motorwinding,two-andtwo-speedcablerootswitch.Two-speedmotorcomplexstructure,highcost,powersupplysystemequivalenttotwoMotors,low-speedswitchingnoteffectivelycontrolled,thepointoffailure,equipmentcables,atthesametime,thefaultlineswillbedoubledtheincrease.

二、soft-startseveraladvancedmethodsofcomparison

(一)thyristorsurgesoft-startmode.Starttheprocesslaunchedattheslope,pulseconflictjumpstart,speeduptheslope,fastslope.Pulseconflictwaycanjumpstartthebiggestshort-termoutputofover95percentoftheratedvoltage,toimposeashort-timegreatstartingtorque(equivalentto90percentofdirectstartingtorque),toovercomethestaticfrictionandtheinertiaofthetransmissionsystem.Thissoft-startapproachandbroadprospectsforapplication.

(二)viscousliquidtransmissionsoft-startmode.DodgeisatypicalU.S.companyCST(consecutivestarttransmission)soft-startdevices.CSTsoft-startdevicescurrentlyreliesmainlyonimports,highprices,thegeneralmineunbearable.CST-mechanical,hydraulic,electroniccontrol,cooling,materialsforintegrated,manufacturing,high-precisioncontrol,supplyofsparepartsinparticularinconvenience.Scraperconveyorismovingequipment,changingworkenvironment,theextremelybadconditions,equipmentfailureratecorrespondinglyincreased,thegreaterdifficultyofmaintainingthehigheroperatingcostsandnarrowworkspaceconstraintsoftheCSTinChinamineAFCMachineapplications.

(三)Frequencysoft-startmode.Scraperconveyorused,itsperformanceadvantagesnotplay;expensive,thegeneralmineunbearable;componentsuseditspowerIGBTmodules,high-voltageIGBTmoduleoftheinternationalembargoonChina,soitsdifficulttovoltagelevelsTo1140V,toitscoalmineconveyorontheapplicationhasbroughtgreatdifficulties.

(四)SRM-drivenapproach.SRMisanewdriver,inothersectors(suchasthetextileindustry,machinerymanufacturing,washingmachines,etc.)haveaverywiderangeofapplications.Themainfeatureisactivatedwhenthecurrentlowtorque,speedperformance,andeasytousepureelectriccontroltoachievesteplessspeedregulation,andlongrun.MotorexclusiveuseofSRM,butflow,notburningmotor,withgoodprospectsfordevelopment.ComponentsusedforpowerIGBTmodule,itisverydifficulttoachievevoltage1140V.Thecurrenthigh-powerexplosionSRMisstillinthedevelopmentstage,thebulksmaller,highercost,notsuitablefortheundergroundminescraperconveyorapplication.

(五)soft-startmode.Taiyuan,thecompanydevelopedtheWhitbysoftstart-FM-speedtechnology,speedregulatortechnology,vacuumtechnologyformagneticstartone,startwiththecharacteristicsofanalogFM.Thesurgestartedwiththewaythesoftstart-voltageslopestart,currentfeedbacksuddenjumpstartandstartcomparedtotheinitialstartmoretorque,canachievethelow-speedtorqueactivatedtoensurethatequipmentfromthetake-up,byStatictodynamicstartrunning,youcansolvetheproblemofoverloadingdifficultstart.

三、application

PingdingshanCoalMiningGroupafteranalysisandcomparison,inOctober2004quoteda2-QJT250/1140(660)softstart,andZhangjiakouCoalFactoryproductionSGZ-764/400-scraperconveyorsupport,insteadoftheoriginalTherestrictionsstartfillinghydrauliccoupler,inasmallmining6-31080fullymechanizedcoalfaceapplications,isnowrunningforsixmonths,anditssoft-startcontrolofthescraperconveyorincidentdoesnotappear,better-performing.

Thestarterthefollowingkeyfeatures:①andhydrauliccoupler,comparedwithtwo-speedmotor,scraperconveyordrivesystemandpowersupplysystemtomaximizethesimplified,thereliabilityofthesystemsignificantlyincreased.②starttheprocessof,5spowertoblockprotection.③starttheprocessofautomaticmeasurementload,automaticallydeterminesuddenjumpstart,thecommencementofthebiggestobstacles,thelargestmotortorque,thebuckstartedtoovercometheshortcomings.④thestarterall-digitalcontrolcircuit,issetuptofacilitatetheactualstartingcurrentcanbeaccuratelycontrolledinthefollowing4Ie,thecurrentsmallmotorlaunch,reducetheimpactofthepowergrid.⑤scraperconveyorloadedwithemptyandasmoothstarttomaximizetheEliminationofTransmissionofthefixed-load,effectivelypreventingtheDuanlian,breakpoints,rollerkeytransmissioncomponents,suchasdamagetotheaccident.⑥VVVFsoftstartwithafuzzycontroltechnology,basedonloadautomaticallydeterminethesizeofstart-uptime.Loadlarge,extendedstart-uptime,reducetheequipmentdynamicimpactloadhours,becauseofthedynamicimpactoftheequipmentsmaller,thesystemautomaticallyreducethestart-uptime,canreducetheimpactofthemotorlife.

Minetransportationequipment,longworkinghours(16~18h/d),alargenumbercomplexsystem,supportingequipment,supportinglinks,deliveryofmaterialsbyblock,theimpactofwaste,launchedfrequentlaunchaccidents.Fully-facefailureintheelectricalandmechanicalequipment,scraperconveyorfailuresaccountedforabout40percent.Inlightoftheabovereasons,andbecauseofsoft-startthedevelopmentoffullymechanizedcoalfacescraperconveyorlaunchcontrolfortechnicalimprovementsisnotonlynecessarybutalsofeasible.SCRMinescraperconveyorsoft-startisthehighyieldandhighefficiencyfullymechanizedcoalfaceoftheimportanttechnologyandequipment,withgreatapplicationvalue.Theproject'ssuccessfulapplicationtoreducethefullymechanizedcoalfacemechanicalandelectricalaccidents,improveyieldandreduceconsumptionisofgreatsignificance.翻譯:礦用刮板輸送機(jī)軟啟動(dòng)方式的選擇與應(yīng)用在煤礦高產(chǎn)高效綜采工作面的建設(shè)中,以工作面大采長(zhǎng)、大走向的要求配套了大功率的采煤機(jī)和刮板輸送機(jī)。普通綜采工作面的采長(zhǎng)一般在150m左右,刮板輸送機(jī)的運(yùn)輸能力500t/h左右;而高產(chǎn)高效綜采工作面的采長(zhǎng)一般達(dá)到180～300m,刮板輸送機(jī)的運(yùn)輸能力達(dá)800t/h以上,因此,輸送機(jī)功率增長(zhǎng)較大。以平煤集團(tuán)公司為例,刮板輸送機(jī)的功率大都在400(2×200)kW以上,最大的為750(2×375)kW。刮板輸送機(jī)的啟動(dòng)以雙速啟動(dòng)為主,少數(shù)采用限矩型液力耦合器,這2種啟動(dòng)方式,不僅運(yùn)行費(fèi)用高,而且停機(jī)率高。因此,需尋求新的技術(shù)和裝備來(lái)滿足高產(chǎn)高效的要求。一、目前現(xiàn)狀及存在的問(wèn)題(一)限矩型液力耦合器在大功率、大負(fù)荷時(shí),本身體積龐大,當(dāng)它與電動(dòng)機(jī)和減速機(jī)聯(lián)接后,所占空間更大。在工作空間受到限制的場(chǎng)合,過(guò)大的體積會(huì)使刮板輸送機(jī)的布置變得困難。液力耦合器增大了傳動(dòng)距離,并且在高速狀態(tài)旋轉(zhuǎn),易產(chǎn)生較大的徑向動(dòng)負(fù)荷沖擊,而造成電動(dòng)機(jī)和減速裝置的損壞。耦合器的輸出轉(zhuǎn)速與輸入轉(zhuǎn)速之比通常不高于97%,即無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)輸入軸和輸出軸的同步,因而必然存在較大的功率損失,降低了傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的效率。(二)雙速電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)目前在我國(guó)礦用刮板輸送機(jī)中普遍采用。通常情況下,電動(dòng)機(jī)以額定轉(zhuǎn)速的一半啟動(dòng),相應(yīng)地啟動(dòng)功率也是電動(dòng)機(jī)額定功率的一半。電動(dòng)機(jī)以低速啟動(dòng),當(dāng)完成啟動(dòng)過(guò)程后再切換到高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),從啟動(dòng)到正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)分兩級(jí)進(jìn)行,部分地減小了啟動(dòng)沖擊。這種方式要使用專門的雙繞組電動(dòng)機(jī)、雙根電纜和雙速開關(guān)。雙速電動(dòng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,造價(jià)高,供電系統(tǒng)相當(dāng)于2臺(tái)電動(dòng)機(jī),低速切換不易有效控制,故障點(diǎn)多,經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)啟動(dòng)失敗。隨著綜采工作面的推進(jìn),要不斷地移動(dòng)設(shè)備和電纜,增大了設(shè)備電纜移動(dòng)的難度,同時(shí),電纜的故障也會(huì)成倍的增加。二、幾種先進(jìn)軟啟動(dòng)方式的對(duì)比(一)晶閘管調(diào)壓軟啟動(dòng)方式。啟動(dòng)過(guò)程分斜坡啟動(dòng)、脈沖突跳啟動(dòng)、加速斜坡、快速斜坡。脈沖突跳啟動(dòng)方式可以短時(shí)輸出最大達(dá)95%的額定電壓,施加一個(gè)短時(shí)的大啟動(dòng)力矩(相當(dāng)于90%直接啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩),以克服大的靜摩擦力和大的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)慣性。這種軟啟動(dòng)方式應(yīng)用前景廣闊。(二)液體粘性傳動(dòng)軟啟動(dòng)方式。典型的是美國(guó)Dodge公司CST(連續(xù)啟動(dòng)傳動(dòng))軟啟動(dòng)裝置。CST軟啟動(dòng)裝置目前主要依賴進(jìn)口,其價(jià)格昂貴,一般礦井難以承受。CST集機(jī)械、液壓、電子控制、冷卻、材料為一體,制造、控制精度高,備件供應(yīng)特別不便。刮板輸送機(jī)是移動(dòng)設(shè)備,工作環(huán)境不斷變化,條件極為惡劣,設(shè)備故障率相應(yīng)增大,較大的維護(hù)難度、較高的運(yùn)行成本和狹窄的工作空間限制了CST在我國(guó)礦用刮板輸送機(jī)上的應(yīng)用。(三)變頻軟啟動(dòng)方式。應(yīng)用于刮板輸送機(jī)上,其性能優(yōu)勢(shì)得不到發(fā)揮;價(jià)格昂貴,一般礦井難以承受;其功率元件采用IGBT模塊,高電壓等級(jí)的IGBT模塊在國(guó)際上對(duì)我國(guó)禁運(yùn),所以其電壓等級(jí)很難達(dá)到1140V,給其在煤礦井下輸送機(jī)上的應(yīng)用帶來(lái)了很大的困難。(四)開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)方式。開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)是一種新的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式,目前在其他行業(yè)(如紡織工業(yè)、機(jī)械制造業(yè)、洗衣機(jī)等)有著十分廣泛的應(yīng)用。