備戰(zhàn)2022高考英語閱讀理解熱點話題+體裁分類訓練(高考模擬+名校真題)專題35情感Passage1（2017·全國·高考真題）IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm-itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技藝)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotofwords.1．Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst?A．PaulNewmanwantedit.B．Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent.C．Hewasn’tfamousenough.D．Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.2．WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A．Theywereofthesameage.B．Theyworkedinthesametheater.C．Theywerebothgoodactors.D．Theyhansimilarcharactertics.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Theirbelief.B．Theircareforchildren.C．Theirsuccess.D．Theirsupportforeachother.4．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetest?A．Toshowhisloveoffilms.B．Torememberafriend.C．Tointroduceanewmovie.D．Tosharehisactingexperience.Passage2（2021·上海閔行·一模）Astheconceptofemotionalintelligence(EI)hasgoneglobal,we’vewatchedprofessionalsfailastheytrytoimprovetheiremotionalintelligencebecausetheyeitherdon’tknowwheretofocustheireffortsortheyhaven’tunderstoodhowtoimprovetheseskillsonapracticallevel.Inourworkconsultingwithcompaniesandcoachingleaders,wehavefoundthatifyou’relookingtodevelopparticularEIstrengths,ithelpstoconsiderareasforimprovementothershaveidentifiedalongwiththegoalsyouwanttoachieve----andthentoactivelybuildhabitsinthoseareasratherthansimplyrelyingonunderstandingthemconceptually.Thefirststepistogetasenseofhowyourself-perception(howyouseeyourself)differsfromyourreputation(howothersseeyou).ThisisespeciallytrueforthedevelopmentofEIbecausewecanbeblindtohowweexpressandreadtheemotionalcomponentsofourinteractions.Forexample,mostofusthinkthatwe’regoodlisteners,butveryoftenthat’sreallynotthecase.Withoutthisexternalrealitycheck,itwillbedifficultforyoutoidentifythewaysthatyouractionsaffectyourperformance.Gettingfeedbackfromotherscanalsoprovideproofofthenecessityofshiftingourbehaviorandmotivationtodoso.Togiveyouthebestsenseofwherethedifferencesliebetweenyourself-perceptionandreputation,youshouldusea360-drgreefeedbackassessmentthattakesintoaccountthemultipleaspectsofEI.Thekeyistofindonetogiveyoufeedback,whichisfocusedondevelopmentandnotonperformanceassessment.Andthatcangiveyouadetailedunderstandingofhowotherpeople’sassessmentsofyoudifferfromyourownassessments.Secondly,whenyougetyourfeedbackfromanassessment,letthatinformwhatyouwanttoimprove.Butalsoconsiderwhatyourgoalsare.Whenitcomestocultivatingstrengthsinemotionalintelligence,you’reatahugedisadvantageifyou’reonlyinterestedbecauseotherssaidyoushouldbe.Youremotionalintelligenceissotiedupinyoursenseofselfthatbeingintrinsically(內(nèi)在的)motivatedtomaketheeffortmattersmorewhenchanginglongstandinghabitsthanitdoeswhensimplylearningaskill.Thatmeanstheareasthatyouchoosetoactivelyworkonshouldlieattheintersectionofthefeedbackyou’vegottenandtheareasthataremostimportanttoyourownaspirations(渴望).UnderstandingtheinfluencesofyourcurrentEIhabitsrelativetoyourgoalswillkeepyougoingoveralongperiodoftimeasyoudotheworkofstrengtheningyouremotionalintelligence.5．Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．ProfessionalsfailtounderstandtheconceptsofEI.B．EIplaysakeyroleinprofessionaldevelopment.C．LeadersarebadlyinneedofimprovingtheirEI.D．YouhavetoturntootherstoknowwhichEItoimprove.6．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisan“externalrealitycheck”?A．Yougothelpfromyourparentswhenmakingakeydecision.B．Yourteacherdirectedyoutowardsabetterattitudeinstudy.C．YoureflectedyourselfandmadeaNewYearResolution.D．Yourcareerdevelopmentspeedsupwiththeguidanceofothers.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthe4thparagraph?A．It’smostreliabletofollowyourinnercallwhenyouwanttoimproveyourEI.B．It’shardforotherstoknowyourEIbecauseithidesdeeplybehindyourinnersense.C．WhenyouwanttoimproveEI,youshouldtakeyourgoalsintoconsideration.D．AcquiringanewskillismoresignificantthanyourattempttoimproveyourEI.8．Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A．EffectiveEIdevelopmentisdeterminedbydifferentfactors.B．EIdevelopmentisunlikelytohappenunlessyouknowwhatEIreallyis.C．Theimportanceofperformanceassessmentisunderestimated.D．YourinnerselfdiscouragesyoufromimprovingyourEI.Passage3（2021·安徽淮北·一模）Afewyearsago,Iboughtaflat.Itwasatriumphofhopeanddeterminationoverpropertyprices,andthepeakofa20-yeardream.ThedayIgotthekeysshouldhavebeenthemostexcitingdayofmylifeandyet,thesecondIopenedthedoor,panicsetin.Ispentmyfirstnightasahomeownerinahotelresearchinghowtosellaflatandwonderingifitwastoolatetochangemymind.Ididn'tsellmyflatbecauseIrememberedwhyIhadwanteditinthefirstplace—buttherearetimeswhenwegetwhatwewantanditsimplyisn'tright.I'vealwaysfoundastrangedisconnectbetweenwantingsomethingandgettingit.Wantingisaplaceofpossibilityand,inastateoflack,thedesireisstrong.Weimaginehowthisthing—anewjoborrelationship—canchangeourlivesandatthesametimeforgetthataddingsomethingtoourlifedoesn'tmeanallourproblemsdisappear.Wecreateanarrativearoundthedesireand,whenwegetit,anditisdifferenttohowwepicturedit,wefeelfrustrated.Forme,thismostoftenoccursinrelationships.Ihaveahabitoffillinginthegapswithpeople,ratherthangettingtoknowthem.Igoonadatewithsomeoneand,insteadofpiecingthemtogetherbrickbybrick,Istarttoimaginewhatmylifewouldbelikewiththeminit.Itshouldn'thavebeenashockthattherealityinnowaymatchedmyfantasy—butitwas.IknewIwantedout,yetpartofmefeltcommitted:thiswassomeoneIthoughtIhadwantedforsolong,Icouldn'twalkaway,couldI?Wetendtoshameothersforchangingtheirminds.Ithink,however,it'sfarbravertomovetowardssomethingthatwillbringhappinessthantostayinamiserablesituationtoprotectyourpride.So,whensomeonetellsyouthey'vechangedtheirminds,congratulatethemonknowingthemselveswellenough,andbeingstrongenough,toadmitit.Ittakesalottocomecleanaboutgettingitwrong,butthereliefofdoingso—ofsettingourselvesfreefromapersonal-shapedhole,isworthiteverytime.9．Whydidtheauthorspendherfirstnightasahomeownerinahotel?A．Theflatwasunderdecoration.B．Shewantedtosellthisterribleflat.C．Theflatwasdifferentfromherdesire.D．Shewastooexcitedtosleepintheflat.10．Whichofthefollowingismostadvisableinrelationshipsaccordingtotheauthor?A．Fillinginthegapswithpeoplearoundyou.B．Gettingtoknowotherslittlebylittlenaturally.C．Imaginingwhatthelifewouldbelikewithothers.D．Spendingplentyoftimetopromotetherelationship.11．Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytotellus?A．Neverchangeyourmind.B．Nevergiveupyourfirst-timedream.C．Itisworthwhiletoprotectone'sownpride.D．Itisbravetostepoutofamiserablesituation.12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Anewflat B．Apersonal-shapedholeC．Aproudsoul D．AnunexceptedaccidentPassage4（2021·江蘇·泰州中學模擬預測）MyfatherEarlwastotaketwo-lanehighwaysallthewayfromChicagotoNewYork."Thisway,"heexplained,"we’llactuallyseewherewe’regoing.Ihateturnpikes(收費高速公路),Virgil."Therewereotherreasonsfortakinghighways:nofeetopay,cheapergasstations,andachancetoshopforfood.Hehadmelaughingfromthemomentwelefttown.I’dneverseenhiminbetterspirits.Hedidimitations,toldstoriesandmaderemarkstothewaitressesintherestaurantswe’dstoppedineverythreehours,highlypraisingtheircookingskills.Earlaskedmetokeepaneyeoutforhitchhikers(搭便車的人),sowemighthavesomeonetosharethedriving.Myfatherhad,however,toughstandardsofselectinghitchhikers.Wepassedteenagers,soldiersandoldmen,andeachtimeEarlhadadifferentexcusefornotstopping.Finally,myheartwasfilledwithuncontrollableanger."Whydon’tyoueverstop?It’snotfairtolookatpeopleandthennotstop."Earllookedatmyface."Idon’tknow.Virgil,"hesaid."IthinkthereasonisthatIdon’twantanyoneinthecar.WeneverhaveanytimealoneandIlikeitwithjustthetwoofus.”Hearingwhathesaid,Ifelttearswellingupinmyeyes.Howwonderful,yetdisturbingandunpreparedIwastohearit.WepulledinforthenightsometwelvehoursafterleavingChicagoandcheckedintoanamelessmotel.ItwasinthismotelthatmyfatherandIspentoneofthebestnightsofourlives.HewatchedTVwithmeforawhileandhebeggedapackofcardsfromthemotelmanageranddidcardtricksforme—askillIhadnoideahepossessed.ThenmyfatherandIplayedacardgameandweweresocomfortedbythegamethatwetookthepackwithuswhenwedroveoutforalatenightsnackofhamandeggs.Theskywasfilledwithstars.Afterturningoffallthelights,wewhisperedtoeachotherinbed,likeboyswhofeartheymightbeoverheard.Idon’trememberwhatIsaid,butIwassurehewaslistening.13．WhydidEarlrefusetotakethosehitchhikers?A．Hewasdoubtfulaboutthem.B．Hewantedtobewithhissonalone.C．Theydidn’tmeetEarl’stoughstandards.D．HehadtoreachNewYorkassoonaspossible.14．WhichofthefollowinginterestedEarlandVirgilmostatthemotel?A．Playingcards.B．WatchingTV.C．Tellingstories.D．Enjoyingsnacks.15．WhatwasparticularlyunforgettableforVirgilduringthetrip?A．Theclearskythatnight.B．Hisfather’saffectionforhim.C．Thethrillofvisitingnewplaces.D．ThecardtricksEarldidthatnight.16．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Todescribeabeautifulnight.B．Toreflectonadifficultdecision.C．Toacknowledgealifelongregret.D．Toshareamemorableexperience.Passage5（2021·山東肥城·一模）Inanincredibledisplayofcompassionandkindness,amanfromTurkeywasspottedtryingtowarmapigeoninthemostcreativeway.SabahattinY?lmazwasathomeonechillyday.Afterarainshowerhadpassed,henoticedsomethinglandedonthesill(窗臺)outsidehiswindow—acoldandwetpigeon.Theanimalwastremblingandsoaked;itclearlydidn’thavethechancetoseekshelterbeforetherainbegan.Feelingforthepoorpigeon,Y?lmazthoughtofawaytodryhimoff.Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmup,Y?lmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.Littledidheknowthathisneighborcapturedthewholemomentonvideo.Inthevideo,Y?lmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.Thebirdwillinglyletthemanwarmhimup,crouching(蹲伏)tolethisouterfeathersdry.Y?lmaztoldthemediathathespentaboutfifteenminutesdryingoffthebird.Hesaidhehadjustopenedhiswindowwhenhesawthepigeonaroundthecornerofthesill.Hedescribeditaswetand“abouttofreeze”fromthecoldandrainyweather.Afterfifteenminutes,Y?lmazgavethepigeonbirdseed,whichheatehappily.However,thebirdremainedwetstill.“IsawthatitwasstilltheresoIwarmeditupagain,afterthepigeonrecoveredagain,andaftereatingagoodamountofseed,itflewaway,”Y?lmazrecalled.Healsodidn’tknowthathewasbeingrecordedatthetimeandthatthevideowassharedonline.Hesimplydiditoutofthekindnessofhisheart.“Thepigeonisalivingcreatureanddeservedtocontinueliving,thatiswhyIdidit,”hesaid.17．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Anonlinevideoaboutapigeonbecameahit.B．Amanwarmedupawetandcoldpigeon.C．Amaninventedacreativewaytohelpbirds.D．Amanlivesinharmonywithapigeon.18．Whatwasthebird’sreactiontoSabahattinY?lmaz’sbehavior?A．Itwasscaredandflewaway.B．Itwasannoyedandrefusedhishelp.C．Itwasreadytoaccepthisassistance.D．Itwashappytosettleinhishome.19．Whatcanweseefromthevideo?A．AmanwasfilmingY?lmaz’skindness.B．Apigeonwasjumpingbackandforthwhendriedoff.C．Y?lmazwaswarmingapigeoninanovelway.D．Yilmazwasstretchinghisarmstocatchapigeon.20．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSabahattinY?lmaz?A．Indifferentbutcreative. B．Patientandambitious.C．Talentedbutcareless. D．Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.Passage6（2021·安徽馬鞍山·三模）It’shardtooverstatejusthowmuchWriter’sDigesthassurvivedtomakeittoitscentennial.TheGreatDepression.WorldWarII.Themanywarsandsocietalrevolutionsofthe’50s,’60s,and’70s.Thetechnologicalrevolutionandthecreationoftheinternet.Theshiftfrombeingfamily-ownedbusinesstoacorporationwithinvestors.Andmostrecently,globalpandemic(流行病).ItisbecauseWDsurvivedallthat,thatIviewthisanniversaryissueasalovelettertoeverysinglepersonwhohascontributedtokeepingWDaliveovertheseamazing,andtough,andchange-filled100years.ThankyoutotheRosenthalfamilyforstartingamagazine—acommunity—likethis.Tothepublishers,editors,andalltheotherbehind--the-scenesfolkswhomadesureeachissueoverthemanydecadeswasthebestitcouldbe,thankyouforyourhardworkandlonghours.Totheabsolutelyincomparablelistofwriterswhosharedtheirwisdom,insights,andencouragement:Thismagazinewasmadebetterbyyourcontributions.Butmostofall,thisisalovelettertoourreaders.Yougivethemagazinepurposeandthemotivationtokeepgoing.Withoutyou,WDwouldn’texist,soonbehalfofallthecurrentandformerWDstaffers,weofferoursincerestthanks.You’llseeacollectionofnewcolumnscomingin2021.WearethrilledtohaveBryanWashington,award-winningauthoroftheshortstorycollectionLotandthenewnovelMemorial,asourfirstguestcolumnist.TheWDteamstartedplanningthisissuemorethanayearagoandputtingittogetherhasbeenajoy.Wehopeyoufindasmuchpleasureandinspirationinreadingitaswefoundincreatingit.Seeyouinyear101.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“centennial”mean?A．Thefirstpublication. B．Thecollectionversion.C．The100thanniversary. D．Theopeningceremony.22．WhatdoweknowaboutWriter’sDigestfromthetext?A．Ithasalonglistofguestcolumnists.B．Itwasonceafamily-ownedbusiness.C．Itisfinanciallysupportedbythecommunity.D．Itcontributedtothetechnologicalrevolution.23．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Sheusedtobeanovelist. B．SheiswithWriter’sDigestC．Shewasabusinessowner. D．Sheisonehundredyearsold.24．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toexpressgratitude. B．Topromotesales.C．Tointroduceamagazine. D．Toemploynewstaff.Passage7（2021·河南鄭州·二模）Iwaswithmymomonedayaswetookawalkwhilewindowshopping.Webothknewwewouldn'tbebuyingmuch.IrememberIwaslookingupatthepeoplewepassedaswewalked.Ladieswore5-inchheelsandbrightclothes.Menworeexpensiveperfumesandcreamsthatwipedawaythewrinklesontheirfaces.Anuneasyfeelingstartedtosettleinmychest.IcoulddenyitnolongerandIwasashamedofmymom.Wewereinahigh-classneighborhood.Welivedinasmall,expensiveapartmentbuildingattheedgeofourcounty.Momchosetomovetherebecausesheknewtheschoolsweregood.Irealizedforthefirsttimethatwedidn'tbelongthere.Icouldseetheheavylinesaroundmymom'seyesandmouth.Sheworecheapclothesandworm-outshoes.Hereyesweretiredfromworkinglonghourstomakeendsmeet,andherhairwastoograyforherage.Shewasnothingextraordinary,yetatthatmoment,shestoodoutbecauseshewasjustsoplain.Ididn'twanttobeseenwithheralthoughtherewasnooneimportantaroundtoseemeanyway.Ifeltembarrassedaboutbeingatherside.Wewerestandinginthemiddleofahigh-endstore,andshewasholdingasweater.Momsaid,“Anna,thiswilllookgoodonyou.Doyouwantit?”ItWasmuchtooexpensive,butIalmostthoughtlesslyanswered“Yes”.ThenItookacloserlookatthesmall,tiredwomanwithabigsmileandasweaterinherhands,happytobegivingmesomethingsonice.Mywordsdiedinmythroat.Herclotheswerewornandoldbecauseshespenthermoneybuyingmenewones.Shelookedsotiredbecauseshewasbusyworkingtoprovideforme.Shedidn'twearjewelryorperfumesbecauseshewascontentwithspendingwhatlittlemoneyshehadonme.Suddenly,mymomwasbeautifulandextraordinarilywonderfulinmyeyes.Iwasnolongerashamedofher,butofmyself.“Doyouwantit?”Momrepeated.“No,thanks,”Ireplied.25．Whydidtheauthordescribethepassers-bywhilewindow-shopping?A．Tostresshermotherwasplain.B．Toshowsheenviedrichpeople.C．Tosuggestshewascuriousaboutothers.D．Toindicateshewasinanexpensiveneighborhood.26．Whatmostlikelymadetheauthorfeeluneasy?A．Studyingatatopschool. B．Goingwindow-shopping.C．Beingseenwithhermom. D．Livinginasmallapartment.27．Whatdidtheauthormeanby“Mywordsdiedinmythroat”inParagraph4?A．Shewasafraidofbeingblamedbyhermom.B．Shewastooexcitedtosayanythingaboutthesweater.C．Shefelthermomwassoordinarythatshestoppedspeaking.D．Shefailedtospeakafterrealizinghermom'sgreatsacrifices.28．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．MisunderstandingMom B．RefusingMom'sKindnessC．FeelingAshamedofMom D．GoingShoppingwithMomPassage8（2021·內(nèi)蒙古烏蘭察布·一模）Thelasttimeyougotangry,didyoustopandlistentowhatyourmindwastellingyou?RyanMartin,psychologyprofessorattheUniversityofWisconsin,GreenBay,hasspenthiscareerdoingjustthat.Itturnsout,thethoughtsthatwehaveinresponsetothefirstflare（爆發(fā)）ofangerarewhatcansendusovertheedge—orhelpuscontroltheemotionforgood,Martinsays.Despitethetroublethatitcancause,angerisnotactuallybadforus.Fromanevolutionaryperspective,itplaysanimportantroleinoursurvival,Martinsays:“Ithelpsalertustothefactthatwe’vebeenwronged.”Whenyourheartstartstopoundandyourfacegetshot,that’sangerincreasingyourbloodflowinpreparationforashowdown(決戰(zhàn)).“It’sourfightorflightresponse,usedtoenergizeustodealwithinjustice,”heexplains．Angeronlybecomesaproblemwhenwecan’tmanageit.Managingyouranger,itturnsout,isallaboutmanagingyourthoughts.Whileangermayinformusofathreat—evenifit’sjusttoourreputation—it’sthethoughtsthatdeterminehowwerespond.That’swhystrategieslikecognitivebehavioraltherapy,whichteachpeoplehealthierthoughtpatterns,canbesosuccessful.Ratherthanignoreouranger,Martinwantsustoseewhatourangeristellingus.Ifangeralertsustopossibleinjustice,forexample,it’snothelpfultosimplydismissit.“WhatIreallywantisforpeopletohaveaccuratethoughts,thoughtsthataccuratelyreflectwhat’sgoingonintheworldaroundthem,”Martinsays．29．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A．Tointroduceatopic.B．Toraiseaquestion.C．Tomakeacomparison.D．Toputforwardanargument.30．Whatisthepositivesideofanger?A．Itmakesusfullofenergy.B．Iturgesustofightwithothers.C．Itwarnsusifwearetreatedunjustly.D．Ithelpsussurviveinadangeroussituation.31．Whatdetermine(s)ouractionwhenwearethreatened？A．Ouranger. B．Ourthoughts. C．Ourdetermination. D．Ourstrategies.32．AccordingtoMartin,whatshouldwedowhenweareangry?A．Seekmedicaltreatment.B．Simplyignoretheanger.C．Focusontheworldaroundus.D．Noticethemessageangertellsus.參考答案：1．C2．D3．A4．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者與PaulNewman之間的深厚友情。當制片人不想讓我參演電影時，PaulNewman站出來為我說話，兩人因此而建立了深厚的友誼。在此后的很多年里，兩人一直相互扶持，相互鼓勵，因此兩人的深厚友情維系了很多年。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul”制片人不想要我，他想要當時比較出名的演員Paul,因此，可知作者當時還不是很有名。故選C。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen”可知，作者與Paul之間有著相似的性格特征，這讓他們的友誼天長地久。故選D。3．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback”，我們都有這個信仰：如果你有幸獲得成功，你應(yīng)該有所回饋。下文“hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival”是作者舉的例子，因此“sharingthatbroughtustogether.”that指代前面提到的信仰。故選A。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit”可知Paul已經(jīng)去世了，再結(jié)合前文“IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968”，可推斷作者寫文章是為了懷念這位朋友。故選B。【點睛】在完成推理題時，要特別注意排除干擾項。如小題1中的A項“PaulNewmanwantedit.”屬于“顛倒黑白”類干擾項，根據(jù)“Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul”可知制片人不想要我，他想要當時比較出名的演員Paul，說明A項明顯錯誤。干擾項的設(shè)置方法除了“顛倒黑白”之外，通常還有以下幾種方式：1.張冠李戴。命題者把文章作者的觀點與他人的觀點混淆起來，題干問的是作者的觀點，選項中出現(xiàn)的卻是他人的觀點；或者題干問的是他人的觀點，卻把作者的觀點放到選項中去。2.偷梁換柱。干擾項用了與原文相似的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和大部分相似的詞匯，卻在不易引人注意的地方換了幾個詞匯，造成句意的改變。3.無中生有。干擾項往往是生活的基本常識和普遍接受的觀點，但在原文中并無相關(guān)的信息支持點，這種選項的設(shè)置往往與問題的設(shè)問毫不相干。4.以偏概全?？忌谧霾聹y文章中心思想、給文章添加標題或判斷推理題時，往往會犯以偏概全的錯誤。產(chǎn)生這類錯誤的原因是考生受思維定勢的影響或考慮不周，以局部代替整體。其具體表現(xiàn)為合理關(guān)聯(lián)與不合理關(guān)聯(lián)、準確概括與不準確概括之間的錯位。不合理關(guān)聯(lián)就是表層理解與深層理解相混淆。表層理解是對文章中客觀事實的感知和記憶，往往是文章直接表述的結(jié)論；深層理解則是對文章中的客觀事實進行邏輯推理、總結(jié)或概括后得出的結(jié)論。不準確概括是指不能準確地按題目要求概括或提取文中的表層或深層信息。5．D6．B7．C8．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了發(fā)展特定的情商優(yōu)勢的方法。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Astheconceptofemotionalintelligence(EI)hasgoneglobal,we’vewatchedprofessionalsfailastheytrytoimprovetheiremotionalintelligencebecausetheyeitherdon’tknowwheretofocustheireffortsortheyhaven’tunderstoodhowtoimprovetheseskillsonapracticallevel.（隨著情緒智力(EI)的概念在全球范圍內(nèi)的普及，我們看到一些專業(yè)人士在試圖提高情緒智力時失敗了，因為他們要么不知道該把精力集中在哪里，要么不知道如何在實際層面上提高這些技能。）”可知，你必須求助于其他人來了解哪些EI需要改進。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文“ThisisespeciallytrueforthedevelopmentofEIbecausewecanbeblindtohowweexpressandreadtheemotionalcomponentsofourinteractions.（對于EI的發(fā)展來說尤其如此，因為我們可能對自己如何表達和解讀互動中的情感成分視而不見。）”可知，劃線詞所在句子意為“如果沒有這種外部現(xiàn)實檢查，你將很難確定你的行為是如何影響你的表現(xiàn)的。”可知，externalrealitycheck指的是“外部現(xiàn)實檢查”，由此可知，你的老師引導你養(yǎng)成良好的學習態(tài)度，符合題意。故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Secondly,whenyougetyourfeedbackfromanassessment,letthatinformwhatyouwanttoimprove.Butalsoconsiderwhatyourgoalsare.（其次，當你從評估中得到反饋時，讓它告訴你想要改進的地方。但也要考慮你的目標是什么。）”可知，第四段主要講述了當你想要提高EI時，你應(yīng)該考慮你的目標。故選C。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inourworkconsultingwithcompaniesandcoachingleaders,wehavefoundthatifyou’relookingtodevelopparticularEIstrengths,ithelpstoconsiderareasforimprovementothershaveidentifiedalongwiththegoalsyouwanttoachieve----andthentoactivelybuildhabitsinthoseareasratherthansimplyrelyingonunderstandingthemconceptually.（在我們?yōu)楣咎峁┳稍兒椭笇ьI(lǐng)導者的工作中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果你想要發(fā)展特定的情商優(yōu)勢，這有助于考慮在哪些方面需要改進，以及你想要實現(xiàn)的目標——然后積極地在這些方面建立習慣，而不是簡單地依賴于理解它們的概念。）可知，作者可能會同意有效的EI發(fā)展取決于不同的因素。故選A。9．C10．D11．D12．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。作者認為想要的事物在得到時卻發(fā)現(xiàn)和想象的不一樣，作者勸誡我們改變主意并不丟人。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThedayIgotthekeysshouldhavebeenthemostexcitingdayofmylifeandyet,thesecondIopenedthedoor,panicsetin.Ispentmyfirstnightasahomeownerinahotelresearchinghowtosellaflatandwonderingifitwastoolatetochangemymind.(我拿到鑰匙的那天本應(yīng)該是我這輩子最激動人心的一天，然而，當我打開門的那一刻，恐慌就開始了。當上房主后的第一個晚上，我在一家酒店里研究如何賣公寓，想著現(xiàn)在改變主意是否太晚了)”可知，作者看到房子時與自己預期的不一樣，想賣掉它，當晚并沒有住在那里，所以作者在酒店度過了她作為房主的第一個晚上。故選C項。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Forme,thismostoftenoccursinrelationships.Ihaveahabitoffillinginthegapswithpeople,ratherthangettingtoknowthem.Igoonadatewithsomeoneand,insteadofpiecingthemtogetherbrickbybrick,Istarttoimaginewhatmylifewouldbelikewiththeminit.(對我來說，這經(jīng)常發(fā)生在人際關(guān)系中。我有一個習慣，就是和別人一起填補空白，而不是去了解他們。我會和某人約會，而不是一磚一瓦地把他們拼在一起，我會開始想象有了他們我的生活會是什么樣子)”及本段最后一句“Icouldn'twalkaway,couldI?(我不能離開，不是嗎？)”可知，結(jié)識某人后發(fā)現(xiàn)和自己期待的不一樣，不應(yīng)該放棄這段關(guān)系，那樣是沒有責任心的，應(yīng)該是和他們約會相處繼續(xù)了解，而不是靠想象。故選D項。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wetendtoshameothersforchangingtheirminds.Ithink,however,it'sfarbravertomoveto-wardssomethingthatwillbringhappinessthantostayinamiserablesituationtoprotectyourpride.(我們往往會因為別人改變主意而感到羞愧。然而，我認為，與其為了保護自己的自尊而呆在痛苦的處境中，還不如勇敢地去追求能帶來幸福的東西)”可知，作者認為，為維護自尊待在痛苦的境況中不做出改變是懦弱的，走出窘境去追求能帶來幸福的事情是更勇敢的。故選D項。12．主旨大意題。第一段作者用自己買房子的親身經(jīng)歷說出，自己追求已久的東西得到時發(fā)現(xiàn)與自己的期待不符，及第二段“Ididn'tsellmyflatbecauseIrememberedwhyIhadwanteditinthefirstplace—buttherearetimeswhenwegetwhatwewantanditsimplyisn'tright.I'vealwaysfoundastrangedisconnectbetweenwantingsomethingandgettingit.(我沒有賣掉我的公寓，因為我記得我最初為什么想要它——但有時我們得到了我們想要的東西，但它就是不對的。我總是在想要和得到之間發(fā)現(xiàn)一種奇怪的脫節(jié))”，并由此展開對欲望與現(xiàn)實的關(guān)系的討論，所以那套公寓是一個喻體，是文章關(guān)鍵詞。故選A項。13．B14．A15．B16．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者和父親的一次旅行經(jīng)歷，父親十分珍惜和兒子的獨處時間，讓作者十分感動。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Earllookedatmyface.‘Idon’tknow.Virgil,’hesaid.‘IthinkthereasonisthatIdon’twantanyoneinthecar.WeneverhaveanytimealoneandIlikeitwithjustthetwoofus.’”(Earl看著我的臉?！拔也恢?。維吉爾，”他說?！拔蚁朐蚴俏也幌胱屓魏稳嗽谲嚴铩Ｎ覀儚膩頉]有獨處的時間，我喜歡我們兩個人在一起