語態(tài)主動語態(tài)V/V-s/V-ed被動語態(tài)be+V-ed被動態(tài)的用法不知道或不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者Howisthiswordpronounced.避免提及動作執(zhí)行者或說話者表禮貌You’vebeentoldmanytimesnottomakethesamemistake.動作的執(zhí)行者不是人而是無生命的事物Thebridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbepunished.修辭上為了使句子更加簡練、勻稱Heappearedonthestageandwaswarmlyapplaudedbytheaudience.文獻(xiàn)、報(bào)道中為了體現(xiàn)客觀性Thewest-eastgaspipelineprojectwaskickedoffonJuly4.有些動詞習(xí)慣上常用被動語態(tài)Hewasborninthiscity.Arescueworkersaved

twotrappedtourists.Twotrappedtouristswassavedby

arescueworker.觀察例句

語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動被動一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)V/V-sam/is/are+V-ed一般過去時(shí)V-edwas/were+V-ed一般將來時(shí)will+Vwillbe+V-ed過去將來時(shí)would+Vwouldbe+V-ed現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+V-ingam/is/are+being+V-ed過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+V-ingwas/were+being+V-ed將來進(jìn)行時(shí)willbeV-ingwillbebeingV-ed現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+V-edhave/hasbeen+V-ed過去完成時(shí)had+V-edhadbeen+V-ed現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)havebeen+V-inghavebeenbeing+V-ed常見形式其它被動形式謂語動詞里，除系動詞和不及物動詞外都有被動態(tài)bebe+done(并非所有的“bedone”結(jié)構(gòu)中的be都能被get/seem/appear等詞代替)

Tomishiredbythecompany.Thedieiscast.Thedieiscast.getget+done(多用在口語中，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的結(jié)果)

Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.樣態(tài)動詞seem/appear+done

Sheseemedannoyedbyhiswords.1.Linda,makesurethetables________beforetheguestsarrive. A.beset B.set C.areset D.aresetting2.Thechurchtowerwhich________willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished. A.hasrestored B.hasbeenrestored C.isrestoring D.isbeingrestored3. —Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer. —Hownice!You______adifferentculturethen. A.willbeexperiencing B.haveexperienced C.havebeenexperiencing D.willhaveexperienced4. —Youareagreatswimmer. —Thanks.It’sbecauseI______alotthesedays.A.havebeenpracticing B.waspracticing C.wouldpractice D.hadpracticed5.Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI______onFriday.A.getpaid B.gotpaid C.havepaid D.hadbeenpaid練習(xí)1使用動詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空主語+謂語+賓語Theywilldiscusstheplanatthemeeting.—Theplanwillbediscussedatthemeeting.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語Wegavethestudentsomebooks.—Thestudentwasgivensomebooks.或—Somebooksweregiventothestudent.主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語Allthevillagerspainted

thehouseswhite.—Thehouseswerepaintedwhitebyallthevillagers.

（使役動詞和感官動詞在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，在變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不定式應(yīng)加上to）含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變被動句Youmustoperatethismachinewithcare.—Themachinemustbeoperatedwithcare含有“begoingtodo”和“betodo”等結(jié)構(gòu)的主動句變被動句Wearegoingtodiscusstheproblematthemeeting.—Theproblemisgoingtobediscussedatthemeeting含有賓語從句的主動句變被動句TheysaidthathehadgoneabroadtostudyEnglish.—ItwassaidthathehadgoneabroadtostudyEnglish.祈使句的被動語態(tài)肯定的祈使句的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是：Let+賓語+be+過去分詞

Movethedesksintothecorridor.—Letthedesksbemovedintothecorridor.否定的祈使句的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是：Don’t+let+賓語+be+過去分詞或Let+賓語+not+be+過去分詞

Don’ttrusther.—Don’tletherbetrusted.或—Lethernotbetrusted.動詞短語構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)TheyhaveputoffthemeetingtillnextSaturday.—ThemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextSaturday.主動語態(tài)變被動系動詞+adj.Theicefeelshot.及物動詞當(dāng)作不及物動詞使用+副詞動詞常為act/sell/add/bend/close/read/open/teach/translate/wash/wear；

副詞常有hardly/easily/nicely/badly/well/smoothly/quickly

Thisbooksellswell.主語+adj.+todo中，當(dāng)主語與do構(gòu)成邏輯動賓關(guān)系Thepictureispleasanttolookat.beworth/inneedof/want/need/require+doing;bemissing/remaining;betoblame/betoletThisbookisworthreading.(=Thisbookisworthyofbeingread.=Thisbookisworthytobedone.)主動語態(tài)表被動Mynewcar_____(handle)reallyeasily.Thewindowwon’t_____(shut).Wouldyoupleaselendmeahand?Mybikeneeds_____(repair).Heisagreathero,anddeserves_____(learn)from.Noproblemhereisdifficult_____(work)out,ifyouthinkcarefullyenough.Jamesistheone_____(blame)fortheaccident.Ulyssesisareallyamazingbook,andit’sworth_____(read).練習(xí)2使用動詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空無被動的動詞系動詞不及物動詞特殊的及物動詞表示狀態(tài)的及物動詞，如have,own,lack,want(缺乏),become(適合),fit,resemble,fail,last,flee,benefit,hold等Sheresembleshermother.have表示“吃飯”、“患病”、“明白”、“知道”等意思時(shí)；get/take表示“懂得”；owe表示“欠”；cost表示“使失去(生命、健康)”的意思時(shí)Wouldyouhaveacupoftea.Howdoyoutakethispassage.鞏固練習(xí)1.?The?People’s?Republic?of?China?___?on?October1,1949.? A.?found? B.?was?founded? C.?is?founded? D.?was?found?2.?English?____?in?Canada.? A.?speaks? B.?are?spoken? C.?is?speaking? D.?is?spoken?3.This?English?song___?by?the?girls?after?class.? A.?often?sings? B.?often?sang? C.?is?often?sang? D.?is?often?sung?4.?This?kind?of?car?___?in?Japan.? A.?makes? B.?made? C.?is?making? D.?is?made?5.?New?computers?___?all?over?the?world.? A.?is?used? B.?are?using? C.?are?used? D.?have?used??6.?Why?___?to?talk?about?it?yesterday?? A.?didn’t?a?meeting?hold? B.?wasn’t?a?meeting?held?? C.?wasn’t?held?a?meeting? D.?a?meeting?wasn’t?held?7.?Who?was?the?book___?? A.?write? B.?wrote? C.?written?