2020高考英語考前沖刺Ⅲ專題15短文改錯2020高考英語考前沖刺Ⅲ專題15短文改錯2020高考英語考前沖刺Ⅲ專題15短文改錯2020考前沖刺英語Ⅲ專題15短文改錯【高考展望】短文改錯題旨在觀察考生發(fā)現、判斷、糾正語篇錯誤的能力。它要求考生具備扎實的語言功底，相當高的語言運用能力；此題涉及到詞匯、語法、慣用法、篇章結構、行文邏輯等各個方面。但是，這類試題其實不是檢測語法知識的，而是檢測考生寫作能力中的校驗能力。這類能力是進行書面表達的必備能力，寫作的見效需要優(yōu)異的寫作程序的支持，而在寫作程序中，檢驗能力是不行缺乏的因素。把短文改錯看作語法練習是對高考中短文改錯的誤會。一、短文改錯題的解題步驟1.通讀全文，掌握馬虎短文改錯不是單句改錯，每一句的語意表達，結構選擇是受土下文限制的。如謂語動詞時態(tài)的選擇，代詞的指代功能等都要依照上下文的線索進行判斷。所以，考生應立足:于上下文，正確理解作者企圖，掌握短文的題材、體裁、時態(tài)主線，人物和主要情節(jié)等，從整體上掌握全文。2.整句理解，逐行斟酌通讀全文，認識文章馬虎、寫作方式以后，要認真分析每一個完好的句子。應把主要注與時間狀語或上下文的時態(tài)保持一致等。2.連接手段的錯誤高考英語短文改錯命題的一個重要方面就是觀察連接手段。連詞使用不妥會造成上下文沒法連接。英語中的詞與詞、句與句一定使用并列或隸屬連詞將其連接起來，，要判斷句與句之間的關系是并列、轉折、選擇、遞進還是退步，從而選擇相應的連詞。若為復合句，第一判斷屬:廠何種從句，而后依據主從句之間的關系判斷連接詞的使用能否正確或能否有遺漏或剩余的現象。3.平行結構的錯誤在表達互相平行的看法時，要使用同樣的語法結構，即動詞與動詞對應，形容詞與形容詞對應，分詞與分詞對應，不定式與不定式對應，短語與短語對應。它經常借助于并列連詞and，or，but或連詞詞組notonly...butalso...，not...but...，either...or...，neither...nor...，aswellas等。4.非謂語動詞形式上的錯誤主要觀察不定式符號to的剩余或遺漏；to是介詞還是不定式符號的辨識(后跟動詞原形考生對名詞單復數的掌握狀況。8.詞語搭配的錯誤主要觀察介詞與動詞、名詞、形容詞的固定搭配；副詞與動詞的固定搭配；及物動詞后多介詞或副詞以及不及物動詞后缺乏介詞，英語中的一些固定句型及習慣搭配等。9.詞性分辨的錯誤詞在句中的地址及與其余詞所形成的修飾與被修飾的關系決定了其正確形式，詞在句中不一樣的句法功能要求使用與之相般配的詞性。行文邏輯上的錯誤短文改錯中的行文邏輯錯誤是最難改的一種錯誤。由于要鑒別和改出某種錯誤，考生一定細讀全文，在理解短文中心思想、掌握全文邏輯發(fā)展序次的基礎上，作出正確判斷。下邊，我們以典型例題試題中幾道有代表意義的短文改錯題來分析一下這些種類的錯誤形式。(2020優(yōu)選模擬)短文改錯Mycarjustwouldn’tmoveanyfurther.Itwascomplete1.dead,andIwasafewmilesfarawayfromanywhereonacold2.wetnight.IdecidedwalkaroundalittlebeforeacceptingI3.havetospendthenightintheear.MaybeIcanfinda4.

’dtelephone.Actually,Ididn’thavetowalkfarbeforeI5.foundasmallhousestandingonafieldwithalight6.shonefromthesittingroom.Iknockedatthedoorand7.wasdelightingwhenapleasantoldmanopenedthe8.doorbutlistenedtomystorycarefully.Hesaidhehad9.notelephone,anditwasn’tonewithinwalkingdistance,10.butofferedtocomeandlookatmycar.去分詞做表語。9.but改為and.連接手段的錯誤。兩個動作之間不是轉折關系。10.it改為there.一致關系的錯誤。這里當是表示“存在有”的therebe句型。2.(典型例題改錯)Mysisterfoundabirdontheroadside.WenamedhimJackandkeephimforaboutthreeyears.Hewouldgreetus1.inatreeoutsideourbedroom,calling“Hello”aswelayin2.bedinamorning.Healsopassed"Hello"tothecatswhen3.theycameintotheroom.Weoftenplayedatrickonhimself.4.We’dthrowacoinasfaraspossibly.Jackwouldflyaway5.andbringitbackforusthrowagain.Hewouldalsocatch6.thefoodthrowingtohimfromtheothersideoftheroomand7.singhappily.ButforthemostwonderfulthingaboutJack8.werehismusicalability.Leavinghimathomeallday,we9.wouldreturnatnighttohearthath

e’

dpickedupfromtheradiointheday.10.試題分析8.去掉for.剩余詞匯的錯誤。依照文章的意思是表示轉折的but，而不是表示“要不是”的butfor。9.were改為was.一致關系的錯誤。主語是表示單數意義的"thewonderfulthing".

most10.that

改為

what.

連接手段的錯誤。賓語從句中

pickup

缺乏賓語。3.(2020優(yōu)選模擬)Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryonelikestoplay.Allover1.theworldmenandwoman,boysandgirlsenjoysports.Since2.longago,manyadultsandchildrencalledtheirfriendstogether3.tospendhours,evendaysplaygames.Oneofthereasonspeople4.liketoplayisthatsportshelpthemtolivehappily.Inotherwords,5.theyhelptokeeppeoplestrongandfeelgood.Whenpeopleare6.playinggames,theymovealot.Thatishowsportsaregoodactivities7.fortheirhealth.Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.8.Manypeopleenjoysportsbywatchingtheothersplay.InAmerican9.bigcities,thousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.10.試題分析10.sell改為buy．行文邏輯上的錯誤。依據文意是“買票看球賽”。(2020優(yōu)選模擬)短文改錯HenryRoycedidnotlikehiscar,thatranbadlyandoften1.brokedown.Sohedecidedtomakeabestcarhimself,2.andin1904heproducedhisfirstnewmodel.CharlesRolls,3.acarmaker,wasveryinterestedinRoyce’scar,butsoon4.RollsaridRoycegointobusinesstogether.Oneoftheirfirst5.modelwastheSilverGhost.In1907,aSilverGhostbrokethe6.world’srecordbydrive14,371mileswithoutbreakingdown7.once.Afterthedrive,itwascostjustover￡2toputthecar8.backintoperfectcondition.ThisisnotsurprisingthattheSilver9.Ghostwasregarded“thebestcarintheworld”.10.試題分析9.This改為It.一致關系的錯誤。這里是形式主語it10.regarded后加as．固定搭配的錯誤。短語regardas意為“把以為／看作”。5.短文改錯Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhile1.studyingatschool.Oneofthemwasthat2.__theycanearnmoney,forthemostpart.3.studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirown4.__use.Earningtheirownmomeyallowthem5.__tospendonanythingasiftheyplease.6.__Theywouldhavetoaskthierparentsfor7.__moneyorforpermissiontodothingsby8.__themoney.Somestudentsmayalsotosave9.__upforourcollegeorfutureuse.10.__試題分析1.advantage改為advantages.名詞單復數錯誤。此處advantage表示“利益，好處”，可數名詞。6.短文改錯DearMr.Brown,Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.1.Beforeyoucametoteachus,Ihadnotinterestin2.English.Mypronunciationwasterribly.Icould3.onlyspeakafewwords.Butoneandahalfyearlater.4.InowthinkEnglishfuntolearn.Igotalostfromyour5.encouragingwords.Iwillalwaysrememberwhatyou6.said,“Ifyoutryto,youcanbeNo.1!”Ihopeyou’ve7.hadpeasantjournethomeandwillcometoChina8.againsometimesinthefuture.Iwillwriteagain9.andsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.10.Yourssincerely,LiMin試題分析1.with改為for.固定用法錯誤。thanksb.forsth為固定短語。2.not改為no.否定詞用示錯誤。ho修飾后邊的名詞interest。3.terribly改為terrible.形容詞副詞用法錯誤。系表結構中當用形容詞。4.year改為years.名詞的數與格的錯誤。一年半是復數形式。5.Engish后加is.句子結構錯誤。think后賓語從句中缺謂語。6.正確。7.去掉to.非謂語動詞用法錯誤。此處應該省略to。8.journey前加a.冠詞用法錯誤。journey是可數名詞。9.sometimes改為sometime.副詞用法錯誤。Sometime表示將來的某個時候。10.take改為took.時態(tài)用法錯誤。寄去的照片是以前照的，故用過去時。Passage1Manymanyyearsagotherehadamerchant1.答案:had改為was／livednamedAbul.Hewastherichermaninthe2.答案:richer改為richestcountry.Hehadlarge,strongboxesfilling3.答案:filling改為filledwithgold,andhisstorehouseswerefullof4.答案:正確valuegoods.Heownedlandandhousesand5.答案:value改為valuablegardens.Butthoughhewassuchrich,he6.答案:such改為sospentleastthanthepoorestbeggarinthe7.答案:least改為lesscity.Heateonlydatesandbreads,andwore8.答案:breads改為breadhisclothingforscoresofyearsbeforehebought9.答案:clothing改為clothesnewones.Hehadnotboughtnewshoessince10.thirtyyears.答案:since改為forPassage2DuringthissummerholidayItookpartinspecial1.答案:special前加asummercampwithsomeofmyclassmates.Wherewe2.答案:Where改為Theremadesomenewfriendswhowereseniorstudentsfrom3.答案:正確Canvey,atownintheThames,lyingtotheeastofLondon.4.答案:in改為onAshosts,weshowedthemaroundmanyplacesofinterests5.答案:interests改為interestinBeijing,suchthePalaceMuseum,theGreatWalland6.答案:such后加astheSummerPalaceandwetellthemaboutthechanges7.答案:tell改為toldwhichhadbeentakenplaceinBeijing.Theysaidthat8.答案:去掉beenBeijingwasquitedifferentwithwhattheyhadheardofand9.答案:with改為fromitwasasbeautifullyasCanvey.Ithinkthesummercamp10.isofgreatvalue.答案:beautifully改為beautifulPassage3MydreamisalwaystovisittoLondon,England.I1.答案:去掉第二個toimaginedLondonlikeabigcitywithsomeofthebest2.答案:1ike改為asartshowsintheworld.Thissummermydreamcometrue3.答案:come改為camewhenIspentaweekinLondon.Ilivedinahotelinthe4.答案:1ived改為stayedtheatrearea,butonthefirstdayItookseverallongwalks5.答案:but改為andthroughthecitystaringallthefamousbuildings.Because6.答案:staring后加atthereiswidevarietyofprograms,Icouldgotoadifferent7.答案:wide前加atheatereverynighttoseedifferentshows.Thebestwaswhen8.答案:正確IwenttoseeaplayingbythemostfamouswriterintheEnglish9.答案:playing改為playlanguage-Shakespeare.Thisiswasmymostlyenjoyablevacation.10.答案:mostly改為mostPassage4Duringthesummerholiday,IthinkIshoulddosomething1.答案:think改為thoughtmeaningfulinsteadtouring.SoIgotajobatafastfood2.答案:instead后加ofrestaurantandworkedthereascleaner.Iworked7hoursaday3.答案:cleaner前加aforthreeweeks.Thejobwashardandboredandseemedendless,4.答案:bored改為boringitmademesotiredthatInearlystoppedithalfway.5.答案:第一個it改為whichAfterall,Istucktoitwithdeterminations.EverydayIstarted6.答案:determinations改為determinationoffforworkearlyinthemorningandwenttohomelateinthe7.答案:去掉toevening.Finally,Ifinishedthejobafterthenewschoolterm8.答案:after改為beforebegan.Now,Iunderstandthatlabormeans.Ithinkitisreally9.答案:that改為whatasuccessfulexperience,whichisworthrememberingforever10.答案:正確Passage5Myswimmingexperienceisextremeinteresting.Therewas1.答案:extreme改為extremelyatimewhenIswamlikearock.Thiswentontooneday2.答案:to改為untilwhenIwasfishingwithafriendofmineatnearbypond.3.答案:nearby前加aIslipintoit.Ifmyfriendhadnotcometomyrescue,4.答案:slip改為slippedIwouldhavebeendrowned.Eversincethen,Ihavecome5.答案:正確toknowtheimportancesoflearningtoswim.Ididn’t6.答案:importances改為importanceattendtoanytrainingclassbutlearneditonmyown.Strange7.答案:attend改為go或去掉totosay,Ihavenodifficultyswimatallnow.Thoughmy8.答案:swim改為swimmingself-inventstyleslookawkward(拙笨的),atleasttheycan9.答案:self-invent改為self-inventedkeepmyfloating.Thinkingofthis,Iammorethansatisfied.10.答案:my改為mePassage6IwasusedtocomplainaboutmyEnglishteacherfor1.答案:去掉WasherbadEnglish.Iwasalsotiredwithherteachingmethods,2.答案:with改為ofwhichwerealwaysslowandbored.However,myattitude3.答案:bored改為boringtowardsherbegantochangeafteroneafternoon.Itwasraining4.答案:正確heavilyandIdidn’tattendtoschool.Around5:30pmIreceived5.答案:attend改為go或去掉toaphonecall.Are“youallright?”askedmyEnglishteacherinquiet6.答案:in后加avoice.Onhearinghiswords,Iwasshockedandmymindwas7.答案:his改為herfloodedwithmixedfeelings.Sheisshowingherconcernfor8.答案:is改為wasme,thoughIhadnotbeenhappilywithher!Wasshejustacting,9.答案:happily改為happyandshouldIsmoothawaymypastmisunderstandingofher?10.答案:and改為orPassage7WhenIwalkedintotheclassroom,theteacherwashandinginthetestpapers..Iwasfeelingverynervous.Ihadnotstudied1.答案:in改為outatalltheweekendasIhadthoughtitwouldbeeasytest.2.答案:easy前加anIwenttroughthetestformanytimesbutIcouldonlyanswer3.答案:去掉forthreeoutfromthetwentyquestions.Ididnotwanttofail4.答案:from改為oftheexam.Then,Iputmybookundermydesk,openingit5.答案:opening改為openandstartedlookingfortheanswer.Theteacherwasn’t6.答案:answer改為answerslookingatme,butIcopiedsomething.Suddenly,Ifeltahand7.答案:but改為and／soonmyshoulder!Theteachercaughtmecheating.Idon’t8.答案:don’t改為didn’tknowwhattosay.Luckily,theteacherdidnotpunishfor9.答案:for前加mecheatingbutinsteadgavemeasecondchance.10.__答案:正確Passage8DearLinda,Ourcitychangedalotinthepast5years.Morehighways1.答案:changed前加hashavebeenbuilt,thatmakesitveryconvenientforpeople2.答案:that改為whichtotravel.Manyhighbuildingshavebeenappeared,which3.答案:

去掉

beenaremodemandbeautiful.Astheresult,people

’

sliving4.答案:the改為aconditionshavebeengreatlyimproved.Manyfamilieshavegot5.答案:正確carsoftheirown.Andtheycanenjoythemtravelingonholidays.6.答案:them改為themselvesTheyleadarichandcolorfullife.7.

Mobilephoneandcomputers答案:phone改為Phonesareveryusualnow.Soitiseasierforpeopletokeepintouch8.答案:usual改為commonwitheachotherthanago.Moreandmoreforeigncompanieshave9.答案:ago改為beforestartedfactorieshere.LivinghereisalmostthesameasAmerica,Ithink.10.答案:America前加inBestwishes.Yourstruly,LiHuaPassage9IwonderifIcangetsomehelpofyou.Iwassocareless1.答案:or改為andhaveapairoftrousers,acap,acupandapairofshoes.7.答案:正確Ihavegotanalarmclockwithme,andapairofglass.8.答案:glass改為glasossesAndIhaveasmallradiointhecase.That’sthatI’ve9.答案:第二個that改為what或前加sal1gotinmycase.IwillbeverypleasingifIcangetitback.10.答案:pleasing改為pleasedPassage10DearTom,I’mgladtohearthatyouarecomingsoon.Ihadjust1.答案:had改為havereadanadforhousesale,whichyoumightbeinteresting2.答案:interesting改為interestedin.I’mwritingtotellyourselfaboutwhatitsays.3.答案:yourself改為youGreenSquareliesinChaoyangDistrict.Itisnextthe4.答案:next后加toGreatWallHotel,andjustonekilometerawayfromthe5.答案:正確expressway.Therearealsotheschools,restaurants,a6.答案:去掉thehospitalandashopcenteraswell.Thekitchenand7.答案:shop改為shoppingthebathroomareespecialconvenient.Hotwateris8.答案:especial改為especiallyprovidedfor24hours,butliftsworkdayandnight.9.答案:but改為andIfyouneedfurtherinformation,callin10.答案:calling改為callWithbestwishes.Yourstruly,JohnPassage11Iwillgraduateoutfromuniversitythisyear.NowI1.答案:reallyknowwhatthesaying“howtimeflies”mean.2.答案:mean改為meansIstillrememberclearlythefirstdaywhichIenteredthe3.答案:which前加on或which改為whenuniversity.Imissthedaysthathavepassed,Butinthe4.答案:in改為onotherhand,ImustconsiderwhatIshoulddoinfuture.5.答案:future前加theInmyopinion,I’dliketoworkforoneandtwo6.答案:and改為beyearsandthenIwillbeabletoseethatwhatkind7.答案:去掉thatofknowledgeIlackandamabletogobacktostudy8.答案:am改為bewithadefiniteaim.NowI’minadilemma.9.答案:正確AndIreallydonotknowwhatwayisbetter.10.__答案:what改為whichPassage12Everychildhashisowndream.Everychildhopetobe1.答案:hope改為hopesaadult.Allofthemthinkitisagoodthingtogrowup.2.答案:a改為anHowever,isittruelikewhattheyimagine?Asaboy3.答案:true改為trulywholivesinmoderntimesandinamodemcity,Ifelt4.答案:

去掉

thehugeamountsofstress.Let

’

shavetheencouragetoface10.theseworriesandtrytosolvethem.答案:encourage

改為

couragePassage13DearMr.andMrs.Smith,Iwanttothankyouagainforhavingmeinyourhomeforthesummerholidays.Ihadalwayswantedtoreturnthevillageafter1.答案:return后加tomovingawayanditisreallygreattoseemostofmyoldfriendsagain.2.答案:is改為wasItoldmother,father,sister,andallmyfriendsherethatagreat3.答案:that改為whattimeIhad.I

’

llneverforgetthesteamboatride.

Ineverknewabout4.答案:去掉aboutaridedownarivercouldbesoexcited.Ialsoenjoyedthe5.答案:go改為comeWithbestwishes.Yourstruly,TomPassage14Britishnewspapersaremuchsmalleranditsreadersareoften1.答案:its改為theirinahurry,sonewspapermenwritesofewwordsaspossible.2.答案:so改為asTheytelltheirreadersatoncewhatwashappened,where,3.答案:去掉waswhenandhowithappenedandwhatistheresult:how4.答案:is改為wasmuchpeoplewerekilled,whatdamagewasdoneandsoon.5.答案:much改為manyReaderswantthefactasfullyandaccuratelyaspossible.6.答案:正確Sonewspapermanalwayslikestogetsomeinformationfrom7.答案:newspaperman前加asomeonewhowasthere,thatcanbegivenintheperson’s8.答案:that改為whichownwords.Becausehecanuseonlyalittlewords,the9.答案:little改為fewnewspapermanmustchoosethosewordscareful,everyonemustbeeffective.10.答案:careful改為carefullyPassage15Oneafternoon,Tommywasonhiswayhomefromtheschool.1.答案:去掉theWhenhewaspassingbyMr.All’shouse,hehappenedseethicksmoke2.答案:happened后加tocomingoutofthewindow,whichmadehimfrightening.Hedidnotknow3.答案:frightening改為frightenedwhetherMr.Allwasinhishouse,buthethoughthehadtoputoff4.答案:off改為outthefireatonce.Butherantohisownhouseandinashorttimehe5.答案:But改為SoranbackintoMr.All6.

’shousewithabasinofwaterinhishand.答案:into改為toWhenhecametothewindowwherethesmokestillcomingout,7.答案:smoke后加washepouredthewaterintothehousethroughthewindow.8.答案:正確Suddenly,anangrycrycameoutofthehouse.Itis9.答案:is改為wasMr.All,hewasmakingafire,preparingforsupper.10.答案:he改為whoPassage16Inourcountrymen,woman,boysandgirlsalllook1.答案:woman改為womenforwardtospendtheSpringFestival.Itisatimewhen2.答案:spend改為spendingpeoplegettogetherandhaveafun.Eachfamilyhas3.答案:去掉aitsmemberscometotogether.Publicplacesarecrowded4.答案:去掉toofpeople.Childrenenjoythemselvesingames.When5.答案:of改為withyoutakeawalkinthestreet,youwillstruchbythe6.答案:will后加besightofexpensiveandbeautifullydecorations.Every7.答案:beaubifully改為beautifulfamilyhasit8.

’snewscrolls()stuckon對the聯(lián)door.答案:It改’s為iraAlltheseareWelcomesignsforavisitor.Whenfriends9.答案:正確meet,youwillhearthemsaywitheachother.10.答案:with改為toPassage17DearXiaohua,Itisfourdayssincemotheracceptedtheoperation.