非謂語動(dòng)詞vs謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞反映時(shí)態(tài)不反映時(shí)態(tài)反映與謂語動(dòng)詞的先后關(guān)系目錄CONTENTS010204定義分類作用非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語非謂語動(dòng)詞作語補(bǔ)足語非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞03形式01定義定義：非謂語動(dòng)詞也叫非限定動(dòng)詞，指的是由動(dòng)詞變化而成，仍具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)與原意，但不能做動(dòng)詞的詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞一樣可以帶有賓語、副詞、補(bǔ)語等。02分類分類不定式（todo）動(dòng)名詞（doing）分詞現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）過去分詞（done）運(yùn)用將來，目的，一次性Iwouldliketocometoyourparty.長期，穩(wěn)定，習(xí)慣Smokingisbad.與謂語動(dòng)詞同步發(fā)生Isatthere,thinkingofher.完成Ifoundhergone.Ifoundmybikestolen.完成，被動(dòng)不及物及物55%

不定式表示一次性的具體的動(dòng)作eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.

動(dòng)名詞表經(jīng)常發(fā)生的日常的eg:Myfavoritesportisplayingfootball.

分詞說明主語的性質(zhì)eg:Hisspeechisinspiring.Thepersonwasmovedbythestory.入門來體驗(yàn)一下吧、有些分詞常被認(rèn)作是形容詞。03形式55%非謂語十種形式非謂語一般式完成式進(jìn)行式不定式動(dòng)名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞havedonebedoingtodotodo+havedonetodo+bedoing被動(dòng)bedonetodo+bedone=tobedonetodo+havedone+bedone=tohavebeendonedoingdoing+havedone被動(dòng)bedonedoing+bedone=beingdonedoing+havedone+bedone=havingbeendonedone=tohavedone=havingdone=tobedoing否定用not04作用55%Tobecomeateacherismydream.Mydreamistobecomeateacher.Iwanttobecomeateacher.Sheasksmetohelpher.Heisthefirstonetocome.Tobecomeamillionaire,Idreamedalot.:不定式的句法功能表語賓語補(bǔ)語狀語定語主語55%Travelingaroundtheworldismydream.Mydreamistravelingaroundtheworld.Ifancywalkingintherain.Thisisaswimmingpool.:動(dòng)名詞的句法功能表語賓語定語主語功能和用途55%Myjobisinteresting.IsawhimplayingbasketballwhenIwenttoschool.Doyouseetheboyswimminginthepool?Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,Ifindthecitymorebeautiful.Iamsoexcited.IheardasongsungbyJayChouyesterday.Themaninjuredintheaccidentismyidol.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecityismorebeautiful.:分詞的句法功能表語補(bǔ)語狀語定語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語所處狀態(tài)55%A：重點(diǎn):不定式和動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)，常用it作主語Itis/wasadj.forsb.todosth.ItiseasytolearnEnglishforyou.Itis/wasadj.ofsb.todosth.ItiswiseofyoutolearnEnglish.Itisa/ann.todosth.Itisapitytomisssuchanimportantlecture.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Itusuallytakesmeanhourtogofromhometowork.Itisnouse/good/harmdoingsth.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk..Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.Itisawasteoftimearguingwithher.55%B:非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語只有不定式和動(dòng)名詞置于動(dòng)詞或介詞后動(dòng)名詞作賓語（只能）

下列動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞或名詞作賓語

abandon/enjoy/appreciate/giveup/mind/avoid非謂語動(dòng)詞做介詞賓語（某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中可以省介詞）

feellikedoingsomethingspendtime（in）doingsomethingbebusy（in）doingsomethinghavefun（in）doingsthcan’thelpdoingsth不定式作賓語（只能）

agree/offer/plan/aim/ask/manage/tendin,to,of55%B:非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語

a:意義區(qū)別不大的詞.

like/love/hate/begin/prefer

b:意義區(qū)別大的詞

todosth

doingsthtodosth

doingsth

remember/forget記得/忘記做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)記起/忘記做過某事(動(dòng)作已發(fā)生)

getdown著手做…開始認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事能接不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞55%動(dòng)名詞和不定式作表語時(shí)一般也無嚴(yán)格區(qū)別但在表語是不定式的句子中，若主語也用非謂語形式，這時(shí)要用不定式；同樣表語是動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，則主語要用動(dòng)名詞。

eg:Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.C:非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語55%Ourproblemremains

tobesolved.Sheremainedstandingthoughwerepeatedlyaskedhertositdown.Thetrueauthorofthebookremainsunknown.C:非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語remain作講,后加tobedone作表語;remain作講,后可加現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語;"有待”"保持”55%現(xiàn)在分詞一般表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作過去分詞表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或表被動(dòng)的意義eg:Aracinghorse=ahorsethatisracing

Afallenleaf=aleafthathasalreadyfallen

A

movingvanD:非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語1、分詞作定語和所修飾的詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系eg:achangingroom=aroomforchanginga

movingvan2、動(dòng)名詞定語一般表示所修飾詞的用途它和所修飾詞之間沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系一輛正在移動(dòng)的貨車搬家貨車55%D:非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語

3、不定式作定語通常表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作且常后置eg:Thetopictobediscussedatthemeetingisstillunknown.55%D:非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng),這是一個(gè)問題Ihavealettertowrite.Ihavemuchhomeworktodo.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?*不定式todo作定語,如果句子里有人,并且是todo的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者,用主動(dòng)形式即可。55%D:非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語帶還是不帶介詞,這是一個(gè)問題我們需要找一個(gè)房子住。我們需要找一個(gè)去住的房子。1.Weneedtofindahousetolive.2.Weneedtofindahousetolivein.Weliveinthehouse.55%D:非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語帶還是不帶介詞,這是一個(gè)問題我們找到了一個(gè)地方住。我們找到了一個(gè)去住的地方。Wefoundaplacetolivein.aplace=inthecaveliveinthecave*當(dāng)被修飾的名詞是time,place,reason,way等詞時(shí),可以不帶介詞?！局R(shí)鏈接】關(guān)系副詞where=in/atwhich,when=on/duringwhich.55%D:非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語Shewasalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.Hewasthebestmantodothejob.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?被修飾名詞前有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、thevery/only,any/no/all等限定詞或是不定代詞時(shí),只能用不定式。。55%D:非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語Imadeaplantomemorizewordseveryday.Herdecisiontobreakupwithmeisheartbreaking.被修飾名詞為ability/decision/plan/promise/chance/opportunity/right/courage等抽象名詞時(shí),只能用不定式。55%E:非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語分詞用作狀語表示時(shí)間原因條件讓步伴隨

不定式

作狀語常表示目的和結(jié)果一分詞用作狀語表示時(shí)間原因條件讓步伴隨eg:

Notunderstandingitsmeaning，heaskedtheteachertoexplaintheworld.(原因)Havingmadeadecision，theyimmediatelysetouttowork.(時(shí)間)WorkinghardonEnglish，youmustspeakverywell.(條件)Theboysatinthedarkroom，frightenedandtrembling.(伴隨)二不定式作狀語常表示目的和結(jié)果1)目的Hegotupearlynottomissthefirstbus.2)結(jié)果too...to...so...astosuch...astoenoughtoShe'stooyoungtodressherself.Willyoubesokindastoturnd