溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請(qǐng)按住Ctrl,滑動(dòng)鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。模塊一需要變形的詞:名詞、形容詞和副詞第1講名詞Ⅰ.語法填空1.(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebration(celebrate)withlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.2.(2020·浙江高考)Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.3.(2019·浙江高考)OtherAmericanstudiesshowednoconnection/connections(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.4.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Thisswitchhasdecreasedpollution(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.Ⅱ.完成句子1.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopsticks(用筷子).

2.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Mymomisreallyconcernedwiththehealthofeveryoneinourfamily(我們家每一個(gè)人).

3.(2020·江蘇高考)Thehealthsecuritysystems(醫(yī)療安全體系)ofmanycountriesareundergoingconsiderabletransformation.

4.(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchickens(幾十只雞).

語法填空二謹(jǐn)記1.根據(jù)語境標(biāo)志詞判斷名詞(1)看到冠詞、形容詞或形容詞性物主代詞時(shí),要想到名詞;(2)遇到介詞或及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)要想到名詞;(3)當(dāng)看到并列連詞所連接的前或后是名詞時(shí)要想到名詞。2.根據(jù)規(guī)則確定名詞單復(fù)數(shù)(1)如果空格處被these,several,many和數(shù)詞等修飾時(shí),要考慮用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;(2)如果一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞原形或are,要考慮用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;(3)在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中要熟記名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則,方能解決好此類問題。一、可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)一般在名詞后面加s或es。變化形式如下表:構(gòu)成方法例詞一般在詞尾加smap→maps,sea→seasgirl→girls,day→days以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加es(stomach除外)class→classes,box→boxes,watch→watches,dish→dishes以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞變y為i,再加escountry→countriesfactory→factories以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞在詞尾直接+sholiday→holidaysmonkey→monkeys以o結(jié)尾的名詞一般在詞尾加spiano→pianosphoto→photos有些在詞尾加eshero→heroespotato→potatoes以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞變f或fe為v,再加esleaf→leaves,knife→knives,wife→wives,wolf→wolves加sbelief→beliefs,chief→chiefs,proof→proofs,roof→roofs,gulf→gulfs,safe→safes可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化的形式如下表:構(gòu)成方法例詞增加字母child→children,ox→oxen改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man→men,woman→women,foot→feet,goose→geese,mouse→mice單復(fù)數(shù)同形sheep,deer,series,means,fish,species續(xù)表構(gòu)成方法例詞表示“某國(guó)人”的名詞加sAmerican→Americans,German→Germans,Greek→Greeks單復(fù)數(shù)同形Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese以man或woman結(jié)尾的,將man和woman分別改為men,womenEnglishman→Englishmen二、不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞(1)不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,也不可以與不定冠詞連用。最常見的不可數(shù)名詞有:fun,baggage,change(零錢),furniture,hair,homework,information,knowledge,luggage,money,news,progress,traffic等。(2)不可數(shù)名詞的量有兩種表示方法:①用some,much,alittle,alotof,abitof,plentyof等表示多少。注意:既可以與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),又可以與不可數(shù)名詞連用的有:plentyof,some,alotof,lotsof,mostof等。②用單位詞表示,用a...of表示。如acupoftea,apieceofpaper。不可數(shù)名詞與可數(shù)名詞的轉(zhuǎn)化(1)有些物質(zhì)名詞表示不同種類時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為可數(shù)名詞。如:※Thepotatoisavegetable,notafruit.土豆是一種蔬菜,不是水果?！鵐ydoctortoldmetoavoidfattyfoodssuchasbaconorhamburgers.我的醫(yī)生叫我避免吃油膩的食物,如咸肉或漢堡包。(2)特殊物質(zhì)名詞的數(shù)量表示:當(dāng)要表示“一場(chǎng)/段/件/種……”等意思時(shí),某些物質(zhì)名詞前可用不定冠詞,但此時(shí)通常有形容詞或of短語修飾。如:※Aheavysnowwasfalling.當(dāng)時(shí)正下著一場(chǎng)大雪?！鵄finerainbegantofall.開始下起一陣小雨。另外,表示“一杯/罐/瓶”的tea,coffee,drink,beer等,可以用a(n)或數(shù)詞修飾,也有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:※Twoteasandacoffee,please.請(qǐng)來兩杯茶和一杯咖啡。※Iorderedtwocoffeesandanicecream.我叫了兩杯咖啡和一份冰淇淋。(3)有些名詞既是可數(shù)名詞又是不可數(shù)名詞,但意思不同。如:work工作,awork著作;glass玻璃,aglass玻璃杯;wood木頭,awood小樹林;room空間,aroom房間;paper紙,apaper一份試卷(文件,報(bào)紙等)等。抽象名詞具體化通?？煞譃閮深?(1)表示情感、情緒的詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的人或事時(shí)常將其具體化使用。常用的重點(diǎn)抽象名詞可概括為如下11個(gè)字:驚(surprise)、樂(pleasure)、幸(honour)、憾(pity)、傲(proud)、慰(fort)、險(xiǎn)(danger)、助(help)、成(success)、敗(failure)、美(beauty)。例如:※Thenewmethodhasfinallyprovedtobeasuccess.新方法最終試驗(yàn)成功了。(2)表示“一次”“一場(chǎng)”“一段”等“一……”的概念,常與動(dòng)詞連用構(gòu)成短語,名詞前常有形容詞修飾。如:haveagoodtime,haveawonderfulsupper,haveagoodknowledge/understandingof,haveapopulationof,coveranareaof,reachaheightof等。三、名詞所有格表示有生命名詞的所有格時(shí),在詞尾加“’s”。theboy’sbag,men’srooms。若名詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s,只加“’”。theteachers’readingroom。此外,表示時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、重量、價(jià)格、世界、國(guó)家、城市等無生命名詞的所有格也可在詞尾加“’s”來表示所屬關(guān)系,意為“……的”。atenminutes’walk,atwentymiles’journey,twotons’weight,fiftydollars’worth。如果兩個(gè)名詞并列,且分別加“’s”,則表示“分別有……”;若只有后一個(gè)名詞加“’s”,則表示兩個(gè)“共有”。John’sandMary’srooms(兩間);JohnandMary’sroom(一間)。of屬格:無生命名詞的所有格用of結(jié)構(gòu)。amapofChina,theendofthisterm,thecapitalofourcountry,thecolouroftheflowers。省略格:在表示店鋪、教堂、診所的名稱或某人的家時(shí),名詞所有格的后面常省略它所修飾的名詞。atthedoctor’s在診所;atmysister’s在我姐姐(妹妹)的家。雙重所有格:of+名詞“’s”結(jié)構(gòu)。afriendofmybrother’s,worksofMoYan’s。名詞所有格用法口訣:名詞所有格,表物是“誰的”,若為生命詞,加’s即可行,詞尾有s,僅把逗號(hào)擇;并列名詞后,各自和共有,前者分別加,后者最后加;若為無生命詞,of所有格,前后須倒置,此是硬規(guī)則?！军c(diǎn)津】如果是無生命的名詞則用of表示所有格,這里需要注意它們的順序與漢語不同,“AofB”要翻譯為“B的A”。小題快練Ⅰ.單句語法填空①(2019·北京高考)Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvariousactivities(activity)onEarthDay.②(2020·浙江高考)Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’(participant)overallhealthstatus.③(2020·江蘇高考)Theytestedthemen’s(men)fitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratesandtooksamples(樣品)oftheirbloodandfattissue.④(2018·天津高考)Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy,keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity(curious).⑤(2018·浙江高考)MakingChinesedishes(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Ⅱ.完成句子①(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Luckily,Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacation(暑假).

②(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcities(不同的城市).

③(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)SinceIwasakid,I’veconsidereddifferentjobs(不同的工作)Iwouldliketodo.

④(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsorts(各種各樣)inthesittingroom.

Ⅰ.語法填空Chinesenetusershavefoundanewwaytobattledesertificationbyplayingvirtual(虛擬的)plantinggames.AntForest,1._________isunderAntFinancialoftheAlibabaGroup,toldtheGlobalAntForestisthefirstsuchgameinChina.IntheAntForestplan,anyactivity2._________(consider)lowcarbon,includingwalking,takingpublictransportandonlinepayments,willbeconvertedintovirtual“greenenergy”.Theenergywillbeusedtogrowavirtualtreeinthe“forest”ofthe3._________(user).Theyexchange4._________forarealtreebypayingthecorrespondingenergy.AntForestwillplanttherealtreesinspringandautumneachyear5._________thehelpoflocalauthoritiesinthedesertareas.Thiswayofplantingtrees6.TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreat8._________(important)totheprotectionofecosystems.Chinaaims9._________(increase)theforestcoverto23percentby2020,andto26percentby2035.AnewstudyusingdatafromNASAsatelliteshowsthattheEarthbees10._________(green)asaresultofambitioustreeplantingprogramsinChina.

1.【解析】which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,先行詞為AntForest,在非限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)主語,指物,that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,故用which。2.【解析】considered。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子成分可知,該句中主語為anyactivity,其后所填詞匯與主語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,作后置定語,故填considered。3.【解析】users。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)其前的定冠詞the可知,此處用名詞,根據(jù)句意“用戶”,可知用復(fù)數(shù),故填users。4.【解析】it?？疾榇~。根據(jù)句意可知,此處替代前一句avirtualtree,為特指,故填it。5.【解析】with?？疾榻樵~搭配。該句中使用withthehelpof...為固定搭配,意為“在……的幫助下”,故填with。6.【解析】wasrecognized?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。分析句子成分可知,該句中Thiswayofplantingtrees為主語,是單數(shù),其與所給詞匯為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語onOctober23,2018,可知用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),故填wasrecognized。7.【解析】a。考查不定冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知,此處意指“一種方式”,為泛指,means的首字母發(fā)音是輔音,故填a。8.【解析】importance。考查名詞。該句使用固定短語attachimportanceto...,意為“重視,認(rèn)為……重要”,故填importance。9.【解析】toincrease。考查不定式。aimtodosth.為固定搭配,意為“目標(biāo)是,旨在……”故填toincrease。10.【解析】greener。考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)句意可知,植樹在中國(guó)取得了成效,地球變得更加綠色,暗含“比較”含義,用比較級(jí),故填greener。Ⅱ.語段填空Nowadaysmyschoolworkbeesmuchheavierthaneverbefore,thusforcingmetostayup(迫使我熬夜)deepintothenight.Iseldomdidsports(很少做運(yùn)動(dòng)).ForthisreasonIoftenfeltsleepyinclass(經(jīng)常課上感到困倦).Badhealthcausedmypoormemory.ThingshavebeenchangedsinceIfollowedmyteacher’sadvice(自從我聽從了我老師的建議).Igetupearliertodomorningexercises.Duringthe10minutes’break(在十分鐘課間休息期間)Igooutoftheclassroomtorelaxmybrainandmuscles.Atfiveo’clockintheafternoonIoftengototheplaygroundtohavesports.Allthismakesmefreshandful