初一年級(jí)（上）英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)Sitdownhaveaseat5.athomeondutylooklike3.inEnglishSitdownhaveaseat5.athomeondutylooklike3.inEnglishlookat4.haveaeon10.atwork 11.atschool還有情況不用冠，國(guó)名，地名，人洛前，前有my,this等限定，冠也千萬(wàn)不能用，12.putonlookafterII.重要句型getupputonlookafterII.重要句型getup1.helpsb.dosth.3.Let'sdosth.15.goshopping2.Whatabout---?4.It'stimetodosth.It'stimefor???It，sIt'stimefor???It，s…What's…？Itis---/Whereis…？It's….Howoldareyou?Whatclassareyouin?I'minWhereis…？It's….Howoldareyou?Whatclassareyouin?I'min….Welcometo---.What's…plus…？It's….Who'sthis?Thisis….12.Ithink…Whatcanyousee?Icansee---.球類(lèi)前面不加the,樂(lè)器前面要加the.零散語(yǔ)法：動(dòng)詞后面用賓格，主格用在不能放句尾，形容物代跟名詞，名詞物代不跟詞。Like后有名詞，沒(méi)有限定必跟復(fù)，如果動(dòng)詞放在后，ing小尾巴不能丟。Wouldlike是想要,想做事情加todo,wantto,howto不少to,to后動(dòng)原永不變。特殊疑問(wèn)詞特殊疑問(wèn)詞（7個(gè)wh-和1個(gè)how）7個(gè)wh-：what,who,where,when,which,why,whose二、結(jié)構(gòu)1.特殊疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句式為：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞單三形式（或is）+其他？eg.{1}Whoisatschool?誰(shuí)在學(xué)校？{2}WhoteachesyouEnglish?誰(shuí)教你英語(yǔ)？.特殊疑問(wèn)詞+主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句式為：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（或be）+其他？eg.Whosebrotherisateacher? 誰(shuí)的哥哥是一名老師？.其他情況：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+助動(dòng)詞do/does（或be）+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？eg.{1}Whatdoeshedo? 他是做什么的？{2}WhereisChicago?芝加哥在哪兒？2008—2009年初一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末知識(shí)盤(pán)點(diǎn)與題解PartOne詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換一可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)，：Therearetwo(university)inthedistrict.Therearemany(dictionary)inthebookshop.3Theyhavemany(photo)Therearemanytall(building)inthecity.5My(parent)areworkers. 6Theyare(manteacher)7Whatareyourfavourite(country)intheworld?Nowadays,weneveruse(match)moreoftenthanbefore.Best(wish)toallofyouhere!10Workin(pair)andyoucanspeakwell.English(class)usuallybeginat6o'clock.The(monkey)inthezoomakeallofuslaugh.Heresomeinformationfortheholiday.14Healthyfood(be)helpfulforus.Heeatstwoboxesofchocolatethisafternoon.(對(duì)劃線(xiàn)提問(wèn))chocolate heeatthisafternoon.**Thethieves'wivescutthewolvesintotwohalveswithleavesmadeintoknives.二人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞的使用1Thisissilkshirt.(he)2Theyareparents(he)Lucysitsbehind(he)Kateisinfrontof(we). 5Tomisnextto(she)WhoteachesEnglish. AtheyBthemCtheirDtheirsCanyouhelpwithEnglish(they)Thecatislookingatfaceinthewater.(its,it's)三詞性的轉(zhuǎn)化Therearemany(difference)kindsofanimalsintheworld.Canyouwritean(invite)emailinEnglish?ManyChinesestudentsstudyin(Europe)universitiesnow.Everyoneofusshouldgive(visit)awarmwelcome.Theshopis(close)atthistimeoftheday.四動(dòng)詞的使用Let's(make)acakeforTony.2Shelikes(write)inChineseIhavealotofwork(do) 3(dance)isherfavourite.Canyoufinish(run)aroundtheplaygroundin10minutes?Hepractises(drive)everySaturday.Thanksfor(invite)metoyourparty.ThegirlsinClassTwoareallgoodat(speak)English.Hehastwo(swim)lessonsonSunday.Hermotheralwaysgoes(shop)attheweekend.Whatabout(keep)thisasecret?Wouldyoulike(stop)(have)adrinkandarest?Youlooktirednow.Tonyasksme(go)toabasketballmatch.PartTwo易錯(cuò)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)一冠詞a,an,the/1Whatfineweatheritistoday! 2Iwantorangeplayfootball3ThemanisArabic. 4Don'tyoubelievethathecanplayviolinverywell?5Theactorinthefilmisone-year-oldbaby.二Therebe,have/hasgot以及它們的區(qū)別There（be）anappleandthreeorangesonthedesk.Therearesomestudentsintheroom（變一般疑問(wèn)）。Thereistwodesksintheroom.（對(duì)劃線(xiàn)提問(wèn)）shegotacomputer?ADoesBDoCHaveDHasHehasgotanewwatch.Hegotanewwatch.LucyhasgottwoemailboxesontheInternet（對(duì)劃線(xiàn)提問(wèn)） Lucyontheinternet?Jimgotanydrink.Ahaven'tBhasn'tCdoesn'thaveDdon'thaveTherearemorethanonehundredteachersinourschool.（同義句）Ourschoolmorethanonehundredteachers.friendshaveyougot? Ieightfriends.三單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)，動(dòng)詞的單三形式Sometimesshe(send)meflowersasbirthdaypresent.Mohteralwaysgetsupand(cook)breakfastforthewholefamily.Lily'sfatheroften(drink)wine?Jim(practise)dancingeverydayTheboyinredclothesalways(listen)totheteachercarefully.Linglingnever(watch)footballmatches.Theyusually(have)Englishlessonsinthemorning.TonyandLinTao(wear)thesameclothes.Everyoneintheclass(be)busyforthefinalexam.What(be)yourpresentforyouraunt?四be與doThetigereatgrassAisn'tBdoesn?tCaren,tDdon'tTheyusually(notgive)moneyorfruitaspresents.Shewantstobeasiegeainthefuture.(對(duì)劃線(xiàn)提問(wèn))shewanttointhefuture.WeallpractisereadingEnglilsheverymorning.allpractiseeverymorning.ThesnakecomesfromSouthAmerica.(同義句)ThesnakeSouthAmerica.Themeetingendsat3o'clock. （同義句）Themeetingat3c'clock.MybrotherandI（be）students.五句型轉(zhuǎn)換Thisbananaisgreen.isthisbanana.Thegreenbananaisnotgoodforustoeat.notgoodforustoeat?Hisbikeisunderthetree.hisbike?youcanridethebikeunderthetree.youride?What'stheweatherlikeinWuhan?（同義句）inWuhan?六介詞的使用1Onegirltenisdressedpinkclothes.2Thisbigboxwillserveusatable.ChildrenwakeupupveryearlythemorningofChristmasDay.Theteacheriscomingbackanhour.go?Wewalkourfeet. 6Thereisnothingtodotomorrowafternoon,isthere?Fatherbuysanewcomputermeandgivesitmeasanaward.Youmustwriteanameitifyouwanttosaveadocument.Thegovernmentmakesaplantheuseofland.ConnectpointApointB,wegetastraightline.UTheinvitationisJohn.Wouldyouliketogo?Lilysits(nextto,next)DavidThereisablackboardtheclassroom.AinthefrontofBinfrontof七其他語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)say,speak,tell,talk1Canyou"English”? 2WeallagreetoEnglishafterclasseveryday.She'dliketohaveawithmeaboutherEnglishstudy.Look!Thebabycanthetime.Heissoclever!themtostayhereandnottomove.ThenewJapaneseteacherteachushowtothesewordsinJapanese.Shecan(match)thewordswiththepictures.they(canmake)apaperdog?Wecanplaytennisandtabletennisverywell(否定句)Check,visit,spell,save,connect,switch,choose,concert,habit,plan,price,Pleasetheanswerstothequestionsbeforeyouhandinthepaper.Wemustourcarwhenwedriveit.Shealwaysherteachers,andsheisonavisitoneofherteachers.yourmoneytohelpthepoor.Wouldyoupleasethewordforus?offtheradiobeforeyougotobed.Thepriceofriceisthisweek.AhighBexpensiveHeplaystheguitarandsingsanEnglishsongatthe.需要重點(diǎn)背的單詞：星期，數(shù)字，stadium,theatre,Box,wolf,kangaroo,bamboo,baby,library,tomato,secretary,story,Usualusuallyrealreallyown——owner writewriter,healhealthhealthyunhealthy,favourfavouritetraditiontraditionallielying15.Thereis(are)….15.Thereis(are)….It's(They're)Whose??,isthis?It's??工 18.Whattimeisit?It's….III.交際用語(yǔ)1.Goodmorning,Miss/Mr---. 2.Hello!Hi!Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.Howareyou?I'mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?Seeyou.Seeyoulater. 6.Thankyou!You'rewelcome.7.Goodbye!Bye! 8.What'syourname?Mynameis….9.Hereyouare.Thisway,please. 10.Who'sondutytoday?11.Let'sdo. 12.Letmesee.IV.重要語(yǔ)法.動(dòng)詞be的用法；.人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞的用法；.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;.冠詞的基本用法；.Therebe句型的用法?！久麕熤v解】in/on在表示空間位置時(shí)，in表示在某個(gè)空間的范圍以?xún)?nèi)，on表示在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如：Thereisabirdinthetree.樹(shù)上有只鳥(niǎo)。Thereisapictureonthewall.墻上有張圖。this/that/these/those(l)this常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話(huà)人的人和事，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話(huà)人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時(shí)that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：YoulookinthisboxandI'11lookinthatoneoverthere.你看看這個(gè)盒子，我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要這輛小汽車(chē)，不是那一輛。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.請(qǐng)把這些書(shū)拿到他房間去。Thisismine；that'syours.這個(gè)是我的，那個(gè)是你的。Theseareapples；thoseareoranges.這些是蘋(píng)果，那些是橘子。⑵在打電話(huà)的用語(yǔ)中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對(duì)方。例如：ThisisMaryspeaking.Who'sthat?我是瑪麗。你是誰(shuí)？Therebe/haveTherebe"有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是：Therebe+某人或某物+表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。Therebe后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語(yǔ)，be動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致,be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is,名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如:Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可樂(lè)。Thereisadollinthebox.那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那樹(shù)上有許多蘋(píng)果?？傊?，Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有,占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)o主語(yǔ)一般是名詞或代詞，與主語(yǔ)是所屬關(guān)系。例如：Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)姐姐。Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。look/see/watch(Dlook表示“看、瞧”，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作，表示有意識(shí)地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對(duì)方注意。，如：Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧！孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。Look!What'sthatoverthere?看！那邊那個(gè)是什么？單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物，其后接介詞at,才能帶賓語(yǔ)，如：He,slookingatme。他正在看著我。(2)see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，著重的是look這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，意思是“看到”，see是及物動(dòng)詞，后面能直接跟賓語(yǔ)。如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在圖上看到什么？Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch"觀看，注視”，側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽。puton//inputon意為“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作，后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞，表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語(yǔ)、標(biāo)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。如：It,scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷，穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout.他戴上帽子，走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn'smother,穿白色襯衣的那個(gè)婦女是John的媽媽。house/home/familyhouse：“房子”，指居住的建筑物；Home：“家”，指一個(gè)人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方；Family："家庭”，”家庭成員”。例如：Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午請(qǐng)至U我家來(lái)。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉?。fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ)，而后者僅用作表語(yǔ)。主要區(qū)別在于：fine指物時(shí)表示的是質(zhì)量上的"精細(xì)"，形容人時(shí)表示的是"身體健康"，也可以用來(lái)指"天氣晴朗:例如：Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身體很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器。It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好時(shí)候。(2)nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于問(wèn)候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.見(jiàn)到你很高興。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。(3)good形容人時(shí)指"品德好"，形容物時(shí)指"質(zhì)量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語(yǔ)。例如：Hersonisagoodstudent.她兒子是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。Theredcarisverygood.那輛紅色小汽車(chē)很好。(4)well只可用來(lái)形容人的“身體好"，但不能作定語(yǔ)，它也能用作副詞作狀語(yǔ)，多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。例如：I'mverywell,thanks.我身體很好，謝謝。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友們歌唱得好。Be動(dòng)詞用法：Be動(dòng)詞有三個(gè)，am,is還有are.我用am,你用are,is跟著他她它,復(fù)數(shù)全部都用are.1.11.1Be動(dòng)詞的三種形式(a勿，is.are)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中)inguangzhounow.inguangzhounow.inShanghai.inWuhan.acity.students.ateacher.cities.I amMyfather(He)Mysister(She) isGuangzhou(it)We(LucyandI)You areThey(GuangzhouandWuhan)練習(xí)：用am,is,are填空。TheU.S.abigcountry.GuangzhouoneofthelargestprovinceinChina.Guangzhouand