新牛津譯林版高中英語選擇性必修三Unit2Outofthisworld

GrammarandUsageExploringtherulesDoyouknowwhattheyare?FAST(Five-hundred-meterApertureSphericalTelescope)500米口徑球面射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡，也被稱為“中國天眼”GalileotelescopeReadthearticleonpage20andfillinthefollowingtable.TheuseoftelescopestoexplorespaceTimeBreakthroughsUseIn1990TheKeplerSpaceTelescopeInrecentyearsTodetectcommunicationsignalsbetweenthestarsintheuniverseTheHubbleSpaceTelescopeToseefurtherthanground-basedtelescopes;toplayacrucialroleinthediscoveryofthemysteriousdarkenergyIn2009FASTTosearchforEarth-sizeplanetsorbitingotherstarsBelowisanewspaperfeaturearticleontheuseoftelescopestoexplorespace.Findthesentenceswithsubjectclauses.()()()()1.ThatHubbleisbasedinspaceallowsittoseefurtherthanground-basedtelescopes,…2.Whether

lifeonotherplanetsdoesexistisyettobeproved,butthesignsarepromising...3.Itisclear

thattelescopesarecrucialtoolsforspaceexplorationandthatdevelopingtherequiredtechnologywillhelpastronomersallovertheworldmakeexcitingdiscoveries.4.Howmuch

wewilllearnfromthetelescopesismerelylimitedbyourimagination.thatwhetheritWorkingouttherules主語從句應(yīng)使用_________語序。1.Wherewewillhaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Wherewillwehaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.2.Howwegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Howdowegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.Rule3陳述句√√××

主語從句的語序Subjectclauses(主語從句)在復(fù)合句中，如作主語的是一個(gè)從句，該從句被稱為主語從句。主語從句必須用陳述語序。theearthmovesaroundthesun

iswellknown.hewillcomeornotisnotknownyet.連接詞ThatWhether1.連詞that/whetherthat不做成分，不表意思，不能省略。whether不做成分，表意思“是否”。用whether不用if的情況：1.①_________we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.②Itmakesnodifference_______youwillgotodayortomorrow.2.①_________

ornothewillcomestillremainsaquestion.__________we'llsucceedremainstobeseen.1.主語從句位于句首時(shí)；2.從句后有or或緊跟ornot時(shí)WhetherWhetherWhetherwhether主語從句中用whether不用if的情況：1.主語從句位于句首時(shí);

2.從句后有or或緊跟ornot時(shí)。1.__________he'llcomethiseveningisuncertain.2.It’suncertain_________he’llcomethisevening.3.__________she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.Whetherwhether/ifWhetherHedoesn’tknow_____________youwillleave.3.Itmakesnodifference

youwillgo

todayortomorrow.1.________he'llcomethiseveningisuncertain.2.It’suncertain_________he’llcomethisevening.Whetherwhether/ifwhether4.他不確定你什么時(shí)候走。Whatheisnotsureis_________youwillleave.whetherwhether/if主語從句中用whether不用if

的情況：1.主語從句位于句首時(shí);

2.從句后有or或緊跟ornot時(shí)。5.____youworkhard,youaresuretosucceed.If賓語從句中whether和if

可互換，表語從句、同位語從句用

whether不用if.條件狀語從句用

if不用whether._____willbesenttherehasnotbeendecided.______youneedismorepractice._______oneisthebestisnotclear._________comesfirstwillgetafreebook._________hedidwasright.__________

teamgainsthemostpointswins.連接代詞WhoWhatWhichWhoeverWhateverWhicheverwho，what，which，whoever,whatever,whichever_______theywillcomehasn'tbeenmadepublic.________hehasgoneisaquestion.______thereisgravityishardtounderstand._____hecanearnalivinginBritainremainsabigproblem.1.when,where,why,how連接副詞WhenWhereWhyHow③___

hedidn'tattendthemeetingwasn'tclear.連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、

又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。④____

theplanewilltakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.①__

willcometoteachusisnotknown.②___

hurtmyfeelingswasthejudge'scomment.WhoWhat

WhyWhen連接代詞通常在主語從句中充當(dāng)成分英譯中：Whowillbesenttherehasnotbeendecided.Whatyouneedismorepractice.Whichoneisthebestisnotclear.Whoevercomesfirstwillgetafreebook.Whateverhedidwasright.Whichever

teamgainsthemostpointswins.連接詞誰會被派出去還不知道。

你所需要的(東西)是更多的實(shí)踐。

哪一個(gè)是最好的還不清楚。

無論誰第一個(gè)到(任何第一個(gè)到的人)都會得一本免費(fèi)書。

他做的任何事情都是對的。無論哪個(gè)隊(duì)獲得最多分就算贏。2.連接代詞who/what/which/whoever/whatever/whicheverwho/whoever引導(dǎo)名詞從句的區(qū)別：who引導(dǎo)的表“一件事”，whoever引導(dǎo)表“一個(gè)人”連接代詞做主干成分，表意思，不能省略。中譯英：他們什么時(shí)候會來還沒有公布。他去了哪里還是個(gè)問題。為什么會有重力難以理解。他能如何在英國謀生依然還是一個(gè)問題。

theywillcomehasn'tbeenmadepublic.hehasgoneisaquestion.thereisgravityishardtounderstand.hecanearnalivinginBritain

remainsabigproblem.when,wherewhy,how3.連接副詞連接詞WhenWhereWhyHow連接副詞引導(dǎo)名詞從句，在句中不做主干成分，表意思。謂語動詞的數(shù)6.Whatweneed

______

morebooks.1.Whowonthematch

_____stillunknown.5.Whatshelacks

______

experience.2.Whatyousaid

______perfectlytrue.3.Whenandwhyhewillleavethere_____unknown.4.Whatyousaidandwhatyoudid______allright.waswasiswereiswere一個(gè)主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。多個(gè)主語從句后的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。一個(gè)主語從句的幾個(gè)方面也用單數(shù)形式。what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，謂語動詞的數(shù)由后面的表語決定。1.Whetherthepatientwillbetaken

______unknown.2.Whenandwherethepatientwillbetaken_____unknown.3.Whenthetaskcanbefinishedandwhetherhecanhavearest________unknown.4.Whathewantsmost_________stayingwithhisfamily.

Whattheyneed_______masks(口罩).主句的謂語動詞，大多數(shù)使用_______(單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？)由兩個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)同一個(gè)主從，謂動使用____(單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？)主語為and連接的兩個(gè)主從時(shí)，謂動使用____(單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？)what在主從中做賓語時(shí)，謂動由______決定單復(fù)數(shù)(主語？表語？)單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)表語isisareis

are1)_____yousaidyesterdayisright.2)_____sheisstillaliveisexciting.3)_____helostthebikeworriedhimalot.4)__helostyesterdayishisbike.

WhatThatThatwhat

與that在引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別what在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、賓語、表語，而that則不然。

What1.很明顯他已經(jīng)知道了真相。2.他們是否能完成任務(wù)還不確定。3.他們什么時(shí)候來還沒有決定。

_____isobvious______hehasknownthetruth.____isuncertain_________theywillfinishthetasks.____hasn’tbeendecided_____theywillcome.ItthatItwhetherItwhenit作形式主語主語從句常用it作形式主語放句首,從句為真正的主語，放在句末，使句子更平衡。句型精講clear,obvious,likely,probable,essentialsurprising…句型一形容詞It+be+形容詞+主語從句做是的

我們都不知道誰會告訴我們最新信息。.

Itisunknowntousallwhowilltellusthelatestinformation.句型精講said,reported,believed,thought,announced，estimated…句型二過去分詞2.It+be+過去分詞+主語從句據(jù)例：據(jù)說他是班上最用功的學(xué)生.

Itissaidthat

hestudieshardestinclass.句型精講pity,honor,goodidea,fact,goodnews…句型三名詞3.It+be+名詞+主語從句做是的例：很遺憾他錯(cuò)過了這么好的機(jī)會,

Itwasapitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.句型精講seem,happen,appear,look,occur,turnout…句型四不及物動詞4.It+不及物動詞+主語從句例：It

happenedthattheywereoutthatday.碰巧那天他們不在家。Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…Itseems/appearsthat...看起來...句型精講worry,shock…句型五及物動詞5.It+及物動詞+賓語+主語從句例：Itshocksmethathefailedinthisexam.他沒通過考試，震驚到我了。ApplyingtherulesCirclethemistakesandcorrectthemintheblanks.1Thespacemissionwentsowellwasbeyondourexpectations.PredicateverbSubjectclauselackofawordintroducingtheclauseThatthespacemissionwentsowellwasbeyondourexpectations.Applyingtherules2Whethertheyareabletogrowmorevegetablesdependonhowmuchtimeittakes.PredicateverbSubjectclausethirdpersonsingularWhethertheyareabletogrowmorevegetablesdependsonhowmuchtimeittakes.3Itwasnotclearhowlonghewillstayonthespacestation.preparatorysubjectSubjectclausewrongtenseItis

notclearhowlonghewouldstayonthespacestation.4WhatthelunarprobedidnotlandwasaworryforthepeoplebackontheEarth.SubjectclausetheclauseisastatementThatthelunarprobedidnotlandwasaworryforthepeoplebackontheEarth.5ThatmakestheChinesepeoplehappyisthatChinahassuccessfullylaunchedaspacerocket.SubjectclausetheclauseisaquestionWhatmakestheChinesepeoplehappyisthatChinahassuccessfullylaunchedaspacerocket.Completethepassagewiththecorrectsubjectclausesintheboxbelow.ahowitlaidthefoundationforfutureexplorationbthatthedatagatheredbythemprovidedvaluableinformationc

whatadvancesChinawillmakeinthefutured

whyChinaisoneoftheworldleadersinspaceexplorationewhatamazedthewholenationinOctober2010TheChineseLunarExplorationProgramisalsoknownastheChang’eProgram.RunbytheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration,China’sspaceagency,itcomprisesthreestages:orbiting,landing,andreturning.Theprogram’sfirstspacecraft,Chang’e1Lunarorbiter,waslaunchedinOctober2007.ItsuccessfullyorbitedandscannedtheMoon._____wasthatChang’e2reachedtheMoonwithinjustfivedays.Withbettertechniquesandequipment,Chang’e2completedamoredetailedscanoftheMoonbeforeheadingintodeepspace.ThesuccessofthetwospacecraftshowedtheworldhowfarChinesespaceexplorationhadcome.Itwasevident_____.ebahowitlaidthefoundationforfutureexplorationbthatthedatagatheredbythemprovidedvaluableinformationc

whatadvancesChinawillmakeinthefutured

whyChinaisoneoftheworldleadersinspaceexplorationewhatamazedthewholenationinOctober2010December2013witnessedtheChinesespacecraft’sfirstsoftlandingontheMoon.ThelandingofChang’e3provedtobeasuccessand______wasplaintosee.InJanuary2019Chang’e4succeededinlandingonthefarsideoftheMoon.InDecember2020,Chang’e5successfullycollectedandreturnedlunarsamples.Chinahassuccessfullycompletedthethreestagesoftheprogram.However,_______isanybody’sguess.acahowitlaidthefoundationforfutureexplorationbthatthedatagatheredbythemprovidedvaluableinformationc

whatadvancesChinawillmakeinthefutured

whyChinaisoneoftheworldleadersinspaceexplorationewhatamazedthewholenationinOctober2010FillinthetablebelowaboutthemajorachievementsoftheChineseLunarExplorationProgram.SpacecraftTimeoflaunchMajorachievementsChang’e1(1)________________(2)_____________________________________________________Chang’e2(3)_______________(4)______________________________________________________Chang’e3(5)________________(6)___________________________Chang’e4(7)________________(8)_______________________________________________________Chang’e5(9)________________(10)_____________________________________________________InOctober2007InOctober2010InDecember2013InJanuary2019InDecember2020ItsuccessfullyorbitedandscannedtheMoon.ItcompletedamoredetailedscanoftheMoon.ItlandedontheMoon.ItsucceededinlandingonthefarsideoftheMoon.Itsuccessfullycollectedandreturnedlunarsamples.DescribethemajorachievementsoftheChineseLunarExplorationProgramusingsubjectclauses.WhatChang’e1didwasthatitsuccessfullyorbitedandscannedtheMoon.ThatChang’e3landedontheMoonlaidthefoundationforfutureexploration.ItwasexcitingthatChang’e4succeededinlandingonthefarsideoftheMoon.用主語從句完成句子。1.他昨天晚上干了些什么正在調(diào)查之中。

i