第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)2023年邵陽(yáng)市高三第一次聯(lián)考試題卷英語(yǔ)本試卷8頁(yè)。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡上“條形碼粘貼區(qū)”。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。4.保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，只交答題卡，試題卷自行保存。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewillthemanprobablybeat3:00?A.Athome.B.Atthedentist’soffice.C.Onhisbed.2.Whydidn’tthemancallthewomanback?A.Hedidn’treceivethemessage.B.Hislosthisphone.C.Hewastoobusy.3.Whenisthebooktobesigned?A.ThisSunday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextMonday.4.Whatdoesthemanlikebetter?A.Thenightsky.B.Thefreshair.C.Theeveningclouds.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thewomancan’tfindabetterprice.B.Thewomanshouldn’twearshortjeans.C.Thewomancan’treturnthejeans.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdothespeakerswanttodothisweekend?A.Goforahike.B.Gotothemall.C.Gotothebeach.7.WhatistheweatherlikeinthisseasoninCalifornia?A.Itchangesoften.B.Italwaysstayswarm.C.Itisgettingcoldernow.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8、9題。8.Whenwillthespeakers’vacationbeover?AIntwodays.B.Infivedays.C.Inaweek.9.Howdoesthewomanwanttogettothecountryside?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Saturday.11.Whatcanbeknownabouttheman?A.Heworksveryhard.B.Heisoftenlateforwork.C.Hedoesn’thaveaclock.12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Gotobedearly.B.Leavehisjobatonce.C.Buyaclock.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkingintoahotel.B.Makingahotelreservation.C.Tryingtofindaplaceforsmoking.14.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisstay?A.$300.B.$1,200.C.$1,500.15.Whatcanbeknownabouttheman?A.Hedoesn’tsmoke.B.Heisn’tsatisfiedwiththereservation.C.Hecaresaboutthehigherroomprices.16.What’sthewoman?A.Ashopper.B.Aguide.C.Areceptionist.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至20題。17.HowmanyhotelsdidDisneyWorldhavewhenitjustopened?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.18.WhatisthemostpopularthingfortravelerstodoatDisneyWorld?A.Playinggolf.B.Goingtothewaterpark.C.VisitingtheMagicKingdom.19.WhendidDisneylandopen?A.In1955.B.In1971.C.In1975.20.Whatcanbeknownfromthepassage?A.DisneyWorldislocatedinSouthernCalifornia.B.PeoplecanplayfootballinDisneyWorld.C.DisneyWorldisthemostpopularintheworld.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASpecialFoodPlacestoTryInSingaporeIt’sanunpleasantfactthatlocalfoodplacesareusuallymeanttocatertomeat-eaters.Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.Herearesomeoptionstoshowyoudon’tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.VeganBurgVeganBurghasasurprisinglydiverserangeofplant-basedburgers.FromHawaiianTeriyakitoChar-GrilledSatay,themenupromisestotempteventhemosthardcoremeatlovers.Andthat’snotevengettingintotheadd-onsandsidesitoffers,suchasmushroomfriesandbarbecuepotatoes.WoodsSquareTower,#01-06,Singapore737737GenesisRestaurantThiseateryprovesthatmeat-freedishescanbeasheartyandflavourfulastheirmeat-basedcounterparts.GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesandtofucheesecake.HavelockRoad,#B1-01,Singapore059763WellSmoochtCollectiveWellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecialisesinplant-basedicecream.Madefrombrownrice,sugarcanejuiceandfruitsornutbutters,Smoocht’sricecream,astheycallit,comesinawidevarietyofdeliciousflavourssuchasEarlGreyLavender,RoseCoconutandGulaMelaka.SinMingCentre,#01-03,Singapore575628GreenCommonThisone-stopplant-basedeateryandmarketplacehasadeliciousmenuofmouth-wateringmeat-freedishes,fromJapanesecuisinelikesushiandmisoglazedfillettoWesterndisheslikefishlesstacosandpasta,aswellaslocalfavouritessuchasseafoodlaksaandevenbuahkeluakrice.HarbourFrontWalk,#169-170,Singapore0985851.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Thosewhowanttoloseweight.B.Thosewhodon’teatmeatorfish.C.Thosewhocan’tgowithoutmeat.D.Thosewhopreferhome-madefood.2.WhatisGenesisRestaurantfamousfor?A.Chinese-friendlyfood.B.Plant-basedburgers.C.Plant-basedice-cream.D.Japaneseseafood.3.Whereshouldyougoifyouhaveasweettooth?A.WoodsSquareTower,#01-06.B.HavelockRoad,#B1-01.C.SinMingCentre,#01-03.D.HarbourFrontWalk,#169-170.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了新加坡的素食美食?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.Herearesomeoptionstoshowyoudon’tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.(很難找到一個(gè)迎合無(wú)肉飲食的美食場(chǎng)所。這里有一些選擇，告訴你不需要吃肉就能得到令人滿意的款待)”可推知，這篇文章是寫(xiě)給那些不吃肉或魚(yú)的人的。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GenesisRestaurant部分中的“GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesandtofucheesecake.(GenesisRestaurant尤其以其多汁的餃子、春卷、無(wú)豬肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而聞名)”可知，GenesisRestaurant以中餐聞名。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WellSmoochtCollective部分中的“WellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecialisesinplant-basedicecream..(WellSmoocht是一家專營(yíng)植物性冰淇淋的咖啡館和甜品吧)”及“SinMingCentre,#01-03,Singapore575628”可知，如果你喜歡吃甜食，你應(yīng)該去SinMingCentre,#01-03。故選C。BTheColorado8-year-oldwillsetoutTuesdaytobecometheyoungestpersontoreachthetopofElCapitaninCalifornia’sYosemiteNationalPark.Hewillclimbtherockfacewiththehelpofthehangingropes.Thejourneyisexpectedtotakefourdays“ofhangingfromyourfingersorhangingfromyouranchors(錨),”Sam’sdadJoeBakertoldCNN’sFredrickaWhitfieldonSunday.They’llcamponenightonthetopofElCapitan.SamandJoeBakerwillclimbinafour-personteam.ItisaClass5climb,thehighestandmostdifficultofclassifications.Theroutesareforexpertclimberswhotrainregularlyandhavealotofnaturalability.“SamhasbeentrainingtotakeonElCapitaneverydayforthelastatleast18months,”hisfathersaid.Inadditiontophysicaltraining,planninghowmuchequipment-including200poundsofwater-totakeforthedaylonghikeisamongthechallenges.“Youcan’tjustturnonthewater,”Joesaid.“Youhavetocarryitwithyou.”WhilemakingittothetopofElCapitanwouldsetrecords,that’snotSam’smotivationforattemptingtheclimb.“I’mmostexcitedtoclimbwithDaddy,”SamtoldCNN.Hangingfromtherockfacethousandsoffeetintheair,theclimberswilldineonlasagna(意面)theycookfromlittlepacketsonagasstove.Samisalsoplanningamovienightwhilepausingfromthesideoftherock.Inadditiontohisclimbingaccomplishments,Samisgettingreallygoodatchess,soatravelchesssetwillbealongfortheclimbtoo.Asidefromthelasagna,watchingamovieandplayingchess,Samsaid“gettingtothetop”ishisfavoritepartofclimbing.Joeandhiswifefellinlovewhileclimbing,andSamdidwellinaclimbingharness(背帶)“beforehecouldwalk”.Whenhewas6,SamtookonLostArrowSpire,athree-pitchclimbthatstarts2,500feetaboveYosemiteValley.Onlyoneother6-year-old-world-classprofessionalclimberTommyCaldwell,hadeverdoneit.4.WhatmotivatedSamtoclimbElCapitan?A.Companionshipofhisfather. B.Appealingawardsforwinning.C.Highrequirementsforclimbing. D.Encouragementfromteammates.5.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Sam’sadvantagesasaclimber.B.DifficultiesSamwillencounter.C.Sam’shobbiesbesidesclimbing.D.ThingsSamwilldowhileclimbing.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.PlayinggamesiswhatSamlikebest.B.SamBakerwasbornintoaclimbingfamily.C.Theteamhassuccessfullyaccomplishedtheclimbing.D.SamBakerwastheonlychildfinishingLostArrowSpire.7.WhatkindofaboyisSam?A.Politeandmodest. B.Braveanddependent.C.Giftedandhard-working. D.Naughtyandcooperative.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文?？屏_拉多州的8歲Sam將于周二出發(fā)，成為登上加利福尼亞州約塞米蒂國(guó)家公園ElCapitan山頂?shù)淖钅贻p的人?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““I’mmostexcitedtoclimbwithDaddy,”SamtoldCNN.(“我最興奮的是和爸爸一起爬山，”Sam告訴CNN。)”可知，Sam爬山的動(dòng)力來(lái)自父親的陪伴。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Hangingfromtherockfacethousandsoffeetintheair,theclimberswilldineonlasagna(意面)theycookfromlittlepacketsonagasstove.Samisalsoplanningamovienightwhilepausingfromthesideoftherock.Inadditiontohisclimbingaccomplishments,Samisgettingreallygoodatchess,soatravelchesssetwillbealongfortheclimbtoo.(登山者們懸掛在數(shù)千英尺高的巖壁上，吃著他們?cè)诿簹鉅t上用小袋子煮的意面。Sam也在計(jì)劃一個(gè)電影之夜，同時(shí)從巖石的一側(cè)停下來(lái)。除了攀巖的成就，Sam還非常擅長(zhǎng)下棋，所以他也會(huì)帶一套旅行象棋。)”可知，本段講述了爬山過(guò)程中Sam要做的三件事：吃面、看電影和下棋。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Joeandhiswifefellinlovewhileclimbing,andSamdidwellinaclimbingharness(背帶)“beforehecouldwalk”.(Joe和他的妻子在登山時(shí)墜入愛(ài)河，Sam在“還不會(huì)走路”之前就已經(jīng)很好地戴上了登山背帶。)”可推斷，Sam出生在爬山之家。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“SamhasbeentrainingtotakeonElCapitan“everydayforthelastatleast18months,”hisfathersaid.(“在過(guò)去的至少18個(gè)月里，Sam每天都在訓(xùn)練爬酋長(zhǎng)巖，”他的父親說(shuō)。)”可推斷，Sam很刻苦。根據(jù)最后一段“Samdidwellinaclimbingharness(背帶)“beforehecouldwalk”.(Sam在“還不會(huì)走路”之前就已經(jīng)很好地戴上了登山背帶。)”可推斷，他有天賦。故選C。CInrecenttimes,withtheadventofelectriccars,theideatofuelthemwithsolarenergyalsogainedmomentum.Electriccars—eventhoughtheyrunonelectricityanddon’tusefossilfuels—arestillNOTGREEN!Peoplesufferfromthemisconceptionthatnotusingfossilfuelmeans“green”whichiskindofabsurd,consideringtheelectricityweuseisgeneratedbyburningtheverysamefuels!However,whatifyourcarhadsolarpanelsthatcouldchargeit?Nowthatwouldindeedbeagreenmachine!Basically,asmuchaswewouldliketoincorporatethisenergysourceintoourcar,theefficiencyofthecurrentlyusedsolarpanelsissubjecttothefulfillmentofdifferentcriteria.Firstly,solarpanelsoccupyalargeamountofarea.Anaveragecarhasanareaof10-25sq.ft.ontheroof.whichcangeneratebetween50-150Wunderidealconditions.Thisishardlyenoughpowertoilluminatealightbulb!Also,moderatesunnytemperatureneedstobeideal,asextremelyhightemperaturescanreducetheefficiencyofthesolarpanels.Carsmustworkinallweatherconditions,soifasolarpanellimitsthecar’sfunctionality,itbecomespracticallyuseless.Moreimportantly,thecostofthepanelsanddevelopmentrequiredtopowertheelectronicsusingthesun’senergyoutweighsthebenefitsthatsolarpanelsprovide.Mostcarstodaythathavesolarroofs,usethesolarenergytopoweronlyafewbasicfunctionsofthecar.Whilethereisstilltimebeforewewillbeabletodrivecarsfullypoweredbysolarenergy,therearesomealternatives,suchassolarpowerstations,whicharebeingdesignedtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsforelectricity.Solar-poweredvehiclesaresurelythefuture,butnotthenearfuture.Asthecostofsolarpanelscontinuestofallandtheirefficiencyincreases,thingswillbegintolookmuch“brighter”forthisalternativeandsustainableoption!8.Whyaren’telectriccarsenvironmentallyfriendly?A.Theywon’tworkaswellasthecommoncars.B.Theyarenotpoweredbysolarenergy.C.Theyrunonelectricityproducedbyburningfuels.D.Theycausemorepollutiontotheworld.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Temperatureshavelittleeffectonsolarpanels.B.Poweringtheelectronicscostslittle.C.Acar’sroofgeneratesenoughpowertolightabulb.D.Theperformanceofcurrentsolarpanelsdependsonvariousfactors.10.Whatcanweinferaboutsolarenergyinthecarindustry?A.Mostcarshavesolarroofs.B.Carscanbecurrentlypoweredfromsolarpowerstations.C.Carspartlypoweredbysolarenergyareontheroad.D.Solarcarswillsoonbeavailable.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatdosolarcarslooklike?B.Whydon’twepowerthecarwithsolarenergy?C.Howdosolarcarswork?D.Couldsolarcarsreplacetheelectriccars?【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹目前的電動(dòng)汽車雖不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是綠色的。目前使用的太陽(yáng)能電池板的效率取決于是否滿足不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplesufferfromthemisconceptionthatnotusingfossilfuelmeans“green”whichiskindofabsurd,consideringtheelectricityweuseisgeneratedbyburningtheverysamefuels!”（人們有一種誤解，認(rèn)為不使用化石燃料就意味著“綠色”，這是一種荒謬的想法，因?yàn)槲覀兪褂玫碾娏κ峭ㄟ^(guò)燃燒同樣的燃料產(chǎn)生的!）可知，為什么電動(dòng)汽車不環(huán)保是它們靠燃燒燃料產(chǎn)生的電力運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Firstly,solarpanelsoccupyalargeamountofarea.”（首先，太陽(yáng)能電池板占據(jù)了大量的面積。）和“Also,moderatesunnytemperatureneedstobeideal,asextremelyhightemperaturescanreducetheefficiencyofthesolarpanels.”（此外，溫和的陽(yáng)光溫度需要是理想的，因?yàn)闃O高的溫度會(huì)降低太陽(yáng)能電池板的效率。）以及“Moreimportantly,thecostofthepanelsanddevelopmentrequiredtopowertheelectronicsusingthesun’senergyoutweighsthebenefitsthatsolarpanelsprovide.”（更重要的是，利用太陽(yáng)能為電子設(shè)備供電所需的電池板成本和開(kāi)發(fā)成本超過(guò)了太陽(yáng)能電池板提供的好處。）可知，目前太陽(yáng)能電池板的性能取決于多方面的因素。故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whilethereisstilltimebeforewewillbeabletodrivecarsfullypoweredbysolarenergy,therearesomealternatives,suchassolarpowerstations,whicharebeingdesignedtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsforelectricity.”（雖然我們還需要一段時(shí)間才能駕駛完全由太陽(yáng)能驅(qū)動(dòng)的汽車，但仍有一些替代品，如太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電站，其目的是減少我們對(duì)化石燃料的電力依賴。）可知，目前，汽車可以由太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電站提供動(dòng)力。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Solar-poweredvehiclesaresurelythefuture,butnotthenearfuture.Asthecostofsolarpanelscontinuestofallandtheirefficiencyincreases,thingswillbegintolookmuch“brighter”forthisalternativeandsustainableoption!”（太陽(yáng)能汽車肯定是未來(lái)，但不是不久的將來(lái)。隨著太陽(yáng)能電池板的成本持續(xù)下降，其效率不斷提高，對(duì)于這種替代性和可持續(xù)性的選擇，情況將開(kāi)始變得更加“光明”?。┛芍?，主要介紹目前的電動(dòng)汽車雖不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是綠色的。目前使用的太陽(yáng)能電池板的效率取決于是否滿足不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可知，D項(xiàng)“太陽(yáng)能汽車能取代電動(dòng)汽車嗎?”為短文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。DSchoolchildrenacrosstheUnitedKingdomwilllearnhowtofendoffloneliness.InJanuary,BritishPrimeMinisterTheresaMayappointedthefirst“ministerofloneliness”.Thisweek,heradministrationreleasedan84plandetailingtheactionsitwilltaketopreventloneliness.Startinginprimaryschool,studentswillhavelessonsin“relationshipseducation”.TheBrighamYoungUniversitypsychologistJulianneHolt-Lunstad,oneoftheforemostscholarsonlonelinessintheUnitedStates,warnsthattheU.S.hasasignificantlonelinessproblemofitsownandthatschoolsdesperatelyneedtofollowtheU.K.’sleadandincludepreventivemeasuresintotheirlessons.Indeed,accordingtoarecentreportbythehealth-carecompanyCigna,nearlyhalfofadultsintheU.S.reportedfeelingalone.Marriageratesandreligious-participationratesarealsodroppingandbothareriskfactorsforsocialisolationandloneliness.Theprevalence(普遍)oflonelinessseemstobeespeciallyacuteamongyoungadults.OnestudyfoundthatAmericansaged21to30reportedfeelinglonelytwiceasmanydaysasadultsaged50to70.Studiessuggestlonelinessresultsinavarietyofhealthissues,suchasdecreasedimmunitytoviralinfections,poorsleep,andcardiovascular(心血管的)issues．Theidealschoolcurriculum(課程)forteachinglonelinesspreventionwouldtargetsocialisolationaswellasthecognitiveprocessesthatmakepeoplefeellonely.“Recognizingthatit’ssomethingthatweneedtotakeseriouslyforourhealthisaprimaryandcriticalstep,”Holt-Lunstadsays.Sheadvocatesforasortof“socialeducation”thatwouldbeputintoexistinghealth-educationcurriculumtoteachstudentshowtobuildandmaintainfriendshipsandrelationships.12.HowdoesHolt-LunstadfindthelonelinessproblemintheUnitedStates？A.Itisnotseriousandeasytodealwith.B.Itisseriousandneedsmeasurestocontrol.C.ItisnotasseriousasintheUnitedKingdom.D.ItismoreseriousthanitisintheUnitedKingdom.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acute”inparagraph3probablymean？A.Popular. B.Average. C.Severe. D.Frequent.14.Whatresultmaylonelinesscause？A.Poorsleep. B.Higherreligious-participationrates.C.Lowermarriagerates. D.Increasedimmunitytoviralinfections.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A.FindingtheCauseofLoneliness.B.LearningtoFightLonelinessatSchool.C.Loneliness—theCauseofManyHealthProblems.D.Loneliness—aSeriousProbleminModernSociety.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。孤獨(dú)成為了一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，英美國(guó)家將在學(xué)校開(kāi)設(shè)相關(guān)課程教學(xué)生們?nèi)绾伪３钟颜x，克服孤獨(dú)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“TheBrighamYoungUniversitypsychologistJulianneHolt-Lunstad,oneoftheforemostscholarsonlonelinessintheUnitedStates,warnsthattheU.S.hasasignificantlonelinessproblemofitsownandthatschoolsdesperatelyneedtofollowtheU.K.’sleadandincludepreventivemeasuresintotheirlessons.(楊伯翰大學(xué)心理學(xué)家JulianneHoltLunstad是美國(guó)最孤獨(dú)的學(xué)者之一，他警告說(shuō)，美國(guó)有一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的孤獨(dú)問(wèn)題，學(xué)校迫切需要遵循英國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，并將預(yù)防措施納入到他們的課程中)”可知，HoltLunstad認(rèn)為美國(guó)自己也存在孤獨(dú)這一問(wèn)題，并且需要采取措施來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。由劃線詞下文“OnestudyfoundthatAmericansaged21to30reportedfeelinglonelytwiceasmanydaysasadultsaged50to70.(一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，21至30歲的美國(guó)人感到孤獨(dú)的天數(shù)是50至70歲成年人的兩倍)”可知，孤獨(dú)在年輕人中更普遍，更嚴(yán)重。由此推知，線詞意為“嚴(yán)重的”。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Studiessuggestlonelinessresultsinavarietyofhealthissues,suchasdecreasedimmunitytoviralinfections,poorsleep,andcardiovascular(心血管的)issues.(研究表明，孤獨(dú)會(huì)導(dǎo)致多種健康問(wèn)題，如病毒感染免疫力下降、睡眠不良和心血管問(wèn)題)”可知，孤獨(dú)會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡眠質(zhì)量差。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段“SchoolchildrenacrosstheUnitedKingdomwilllearnhowtofendoffloneliness.InJanuary,BritishPrimeMinisterTheresaMayappointedthefirst“ministerofloneliness”.Thisweek,heradministrationreleasedan84plandetailingtheactionsitwilltaketopreventloneliness.Startinginprimaryschool,studentswillhavelessonsin“relationshipseducation”.(英國(guó)的學(xué)童將學(xué)習(xí)如何抵御孤獨(dú)。今年1月，英國(guó)首相特蕾莎·梅任命了首位“孤獨(dú)大臣”。本周，她的政府發(fā)布了一份84頁(yè)的計(jì)劃，詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了將采取哪些行動(dòng)來(lái)防止孤獨(dú)。從小學(xué)開(kāi)始，學(xué)生們將學(xué)習(xí)“關(guān)系教育”課程)”可知，文章介紹孤獨(dú)成為了一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，英美國(guó)家將在學(xué)校開(kāi)設(shè)相關(guān)課程教學(xué)生如何保持友誼，克服孤獨(dú)。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)如何戰(zhàn)勝孤獨(dú)”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyouevercomplainedthattherejustaren’tenoughhoursinaday?Doyouusuallyfindyourselffallingshortontimeincompletingassignedtasks?____16____NomatterhowhardItried,tasksjustkeptpilinguptowardstheendeverydayanditbecameextremelydifficulttostayproductive.Inspiteoftryingallkindsoffreeandpaidto-doapps,nothinghelped.Thatdidn’tchangeuntilIdiscoveredthetimemanagementtechniquecalledTimeBlocking.Sincethen,IhavebeenabletotransformmydailyscheduleforthebetterwiththehelpofTimeBlocking.____17____Itisasimpletimemanagementtechniquewhereyouscheduleyourdaysuchthatitisdividedintotimeblocksthatarededicatedtospecifictasksorgroupsoftasks.____18____Imaginethatyouhaveadozenorsotasksthatyouwanttofinishworkingontomorrow.Youopenyourto-doappofchoiceandneatlylistdowneverythingthatyouplantodo,andthenplotsomeimportantmeetingsandremindersinyourcalendarapp.____19____Themorespecificyouareaboutthetask,themorefocusedandproductiveyouwillbeandthus,moreproductive.____20____Itnotonlymakesyourto-dolistmoremanageable,butalsoitgivesyoumorecontroloveryourdayandhelpsyouprioritizeyourtasks.Italsoimprovesyourfocusandhelpsgetridofprocrastination(拖延癥),asitallowsyoutofocusononeprojectatatime.A.Sowhatisitexactly?B.Iseveryoneinterestedinit?C.Iusedtobeinthesameboat.D.ThebenefitsofTimeBlockingaresubstantial.E.Let’sfurtherexplaintheconceptinanotherway.F.You’llencountercountlessquestionsliketheseinyourlife.G.You’llneedtobeveryspecificaboutthetimeandwhatyou’replanningtodo.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種時(shí)間管理技巧——時(shí)間保護(hù)法（TimeBlocking）?！?6題詳解】前文“Haveyouevercomplainedthattherejustaren’tenoughhoursinaday?Doyouusuallyfindyourselffallingshortontimeincompletingassignedtasks?（你是否曾經(jīng)抱怨過(guò)一天的時(shí)間不夠用？你是否經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不能按時(shí)完成分配給你的任務(wù)？）”向讀者提出兩個(gè)關(guān)于時(shí)間分配方面的問(wèn)題，后文“NomatterhowhardItried,tasksjustkeptpilinguptowardstheendeverydayanditbecameextremelydifficulttostayproductive.（無(wú)論我多么努力，每天的任務(wù)總是堆積如山，要保持高效率變得極其困難。）”講述作者自己在時(shí)間分配上的處境，C項(xiàng)“Iusedtobeinthesameboat.（我以前也是這樣。）”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下，從前文過(guò)渡到后文。故選C?！?7題詳解】前文“Thatdidn’tchangeuntilIdiscoveredthetimemanagementtechniquecalledTimeBlocking.Sincethen,IhavebeenabletotransformmydailyscheduleforthebetterwiththehelpofTimeBlocking.（直到我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種叫做“時(shí)間保護(hù)”的時(shí)間管理技巧，這種情況才有所改變。從那以后，我已經(jīng)能夠在時(shí)間保護(hù)的幫助下更好地改變我的日常計(jì)劃。）”引入時(shí)間保護(hù)“TimeBlocking”這一概念，后文的段落開(kāi)始具體介紹這一概念，A項(xiàng)“Sowhatisitexactly?（那么它到底是什么呢？）”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下，自然引出后文內(nèi)容，其中的“it”指代前文的“TimeBlocking”。故選A?！?8題詳解】前文“Itisasimpletimemanagementtechniquewhereyouscheduleyourdaysuchthatitisdividedintotimeblocksthatarededicatedtospecifictasksorgroupsoftasks.（這是一種簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間管理技巧，你可以把你的一天安排成專門(mén)用于特定任務(wù)或任務(wù)組的時(shí)間段。）”解釋了TimeBlocking這一概念，后文“Imaginethatyouhaveadozenorsotasksthatyouwanttofinishworkingontomorrow.Youopenyourto-doappofchoiceandneatlylistdowneverythingthatyouplantodo,andthenplotsomeimportantmeetingsandremindersinyourcalendarapp.（想象一下，你有一打左右的任務(wù)，你想在明天完成。你打開(kāi)你選擇的待辦事項(xiàng)應(yīng)用程序，整齊地列出你計(jì)劃做的所有事情，然后在你的日歷應(yīng)用程序中安排一些重要的會(huì)議和提醒。）”設(shè)想了具體應(yīng)用該概念的情景，E項(xiàng)“Let’sfurtherexplaintheconceptinanotherway.（讓我們以另一種方式進(jìn)一步解釋這個(gè)概念。）”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下，自然過(guò)渡到后文的具體解釋。故選E?！?9題詳解】后文“Themorespecificyouareaboutthetask,themorefocusedandproductiveyouwillbeandthus,moreproductive.（你的任務(wù)越具體，你的注意力就越集中，效率也就越高。）”說(shuō)明了任務(wù)的具體程度和注意力、效率的關(guān)系，G項(xiàng)“You’llneedtobeveryspecificaboutthetimeandwhatyou’replanningtodo.（你需要非常具體地說(shuō)明時(shí)間和你計(jì)劃做什么。）”符合語(yǔ)境，自然引出后文，其中的“specific”與后文內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)。故選G?！?0題詳解】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落內(nèi)容。后文“Itnotonlymakesyourto-dolistmoremanageable,butalsoitgivesyoumorecontroloveryourdayandhelpsyouprioritizeyourtasks.Italsoimprovesyourfocusandhelpsgetridofprocrastination(拖延癥),asitallowsyoutofocusononeprojectatatime.（它不僅使你的待辦事項(xiàng)清單更易于管理，而且還能讓你更好地控制你的一天，幫助你優(yōu)先考慮你的任務(wù)。它還能提高你的注意力，幫助你擺脫拖延癥，因?yàn)樗茏屇阋淮螌Ｗ⒂谝粋€(gè)項(xiàng)目。）”具體介紹了時(shí)間保護(hù)這一策略的好處，D項(xiàng)“ThebenefitsofTimeBlockingaresubstantial.（時(shí)間保護(hù)的好處是巨大的。）”符合語(yǔ)境，可概括段落內(nèi)容。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IbelieveIhaveapersonaldutytomakeapositiveimpactonsociety.I’vetriedto____21____thisgoalbychoosingacareerinpublicservice.Asaphysician____22____thechallengeofinfectiousdiseases,Iconsidermyjobagift,whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind.Ihavethreeprinciplesto____23____mylife,whichIalwaysthinkabout.Firstly,Ihaveastrongthirstfor____24____.IthinkIwillneverknowasmuchasI____25____.Thisiswhatkeepsthe____26____ofknowledgehot.AnditiswhyIwoulddomyjobeverydayevenifIcannotgethighincome.Secondly,Ibelieveinfightingfor____27____.Isweatoverallthestuff,withoutfeeling____28____forit.Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.Butthisanxietycreatesa____29____tensionthatdrivesmetofulfillmylimitedpotential.Thirdly,Ibelievethatmygoaltobeaphysicianisto_____30_____humankind.Ihavespentmy_____31_____onpublicservice.Mostofitinvolvedresearch,thecareof_____32_____andthepublichealthpolicyonAIDS.Ithink,tocontrolthisterribledisease_____33_____,Imustbeguidedbytheseprinciples:continuallythirstingforknowledge,acceptingnothing_____34_____ofexcellenceandknowingthatthe_____35_____ofsocietyismoreimportantthanmygains.21.A.find B.ignore C.change D.accomplish22.A.combiningwith B.comparingwith C.agreeingwith D.dealingwith23.A.form B.check C.guide D.prove24.A.power B.knowledge C.adventure D.evidence25.A.want B.promise C.admit D.refuse26.A.pursuit B.excuse C.recovery D.necessity27.A.agreement B.balance C.excellence D.fairness28.A.embarrassed B.curious C.amused D.regretful29.A.common B.healthy C.serious D.harmful30.A.employ B.introduce C.unite D.serve31.A.reputation B.career C.doubt D.luck32.A.children B.elders C.patients D.students33.A.randomly B.occasionally C.successfully D.immediately34.A.full B.short C.worthy D.typical35.A.good B.standard C.variety D.arrival【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.B25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.B32.C33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章介紹了身為流行病醫(yī)生的作者為了對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極影響，一直踐行著三條指導(dǎo)生活的原則。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我通過(guò)選擇公共服務(wù)的職業(yè)努力達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)。A.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.ignore忽視；C.change改變；D.accomplish達(dá)成。根據(jù)上文“IbelieveIhaveapersonaldutytomakeapositiveimpactonsociety.”可推知，作者想要對(duì)社會(huì)做出積極的影響，因此選擇公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)方面的職業(yè)來(lái)達(dá)成這個(gè)目標(biāo)。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：作為一名應(yīng)對(duì)傳染病挑戰(zhàn)的醫(yī)生，我認(rèn)為我的工作是一份禮物，它使我能夠幫助減輕人類的痛苦。A.combiningwith結(jié)合；B.comparingwith比較；C.agreeingwith同意，與……一致；D.dealingwith處理，應(yīng)對(duì)。根據(jù)下文“whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind”可知，作者的職業(yè)能夠減輕人類的痛苦，因此是應(yīng)對(duì)傳染病挑戰(zhàn)的醫(yī)生。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我有三個(gè)原則來(lái)指導(dǎo)我的生活，我總是考慮著它們。A.form形成；B.cheek檢查；C.guide指導(dǎo)；D.prove證明。根據(jù)下文“Imustbeguidedbytheseprinciples”可推知，作者用三個(gè)原則來(lái)指導(dǎo)自己的生活。故選C。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，我有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。A.power權(quán)力；B.knowledge知識(shí)；C.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；D.evidence證據(jù)。根據(jù)下文“Thisiswhatkeepsthe____6____ofknowledgehot.”可推知，作者總是有很強(qiáng)的求知欲。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道我想要的那么多。A.want想要；B.promise許諾；C.admit承認(rèn)；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)下文“Thisiswhatkeepsthe____6____ofknowledgehot.”可知，作者對(duì)知識(shí)的追求始終熱切，因此是認(rèn)為自己絕沒(méi)有知道想要的那么多的知識(shí)。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是保持對(duì)知識(shí)追求的原因。A.pursuit追求；B.excuse借口；C.recovery恢復(fù)；D.necessity必需品。根據(jù)下文“AnditiswhyIwoulddomyjobeverydayevenifIcannotgethighincome.”可知，作者每天都在做工作，因此是保持對(duì)知識(shí)的追求。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其次，我相信追求卓越。A.agreement協(xié)議；B.balance平衡；C.excellence卓越；D.fairness公平。根據(jù)下文“Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.”可推知，作者力求做到完美，追求卓越。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我為所有事情流汗，但并不為此感到后悔。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.curious好奇的；C.amused覺(jué)得好笑的；D.regretful后悔的。根據(jù)下文“Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.”可知，作者追求完美，因此不會(huì)因?yàn)闉樗械氖虑榱骱钩隽Χ械胶蠡凇９蔬xD。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但這種焦慮產(chǎn)生了一種健康的緊張感，驅(qū)使我發(fā)揮自己有限的潛能。A.common通常的；B.healthy健康的；C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；D.harmful有害的。根據(jù)下文“thatdrivesmetofulfillmylimitedpotential”可推知，這種緊張感是健康的。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第三，我認(rèn)為我成為一名醫(yī)生的目標(biāo)是為人類服務(wù)。A.employ雇傭；B.introduce介紹；C.unite團(tuán)結(jié)；D.serve服務(wù)。根據(jù)上文“Iconsidermyjobagift,whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己的工作能為人類減輕痛苦，因此是為人類服務(wù)。故選D?！?1題