內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)鄂爾多斯市公共英語五級(筆試)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15題)1.聽力原文：Iwanttotalktodayaboutsomestudies.Theyseemtoindicatethatthereisastartlingworld-widedeclineinthenumberofamphibians,suchasfrogs,toadsandsalamanders.There'slittledoubtthatonereasonwhythenumberofamphibiansisdecliningistheirhabitatshavebeendestroyedwhenthedevelopersfillinpondsandmarshestobuildhouses.Amphibianscan'tjustmovesomewhere.Theyneedwatertolaytheireggsin.Anotherproblemisthegrowingfishindustry.Anotherrangeofpopularpoolfishsuchascarphavebeenintroducedtomanylakesandpondsallovertheworld.Raisingandsellingthesefishcanbeprofitable,butthefisheattheeggsandoffspringofamphibiansthatwerealreadylivinginthelakesandponds.Otherfactorscouldbecontributingtothedeclineincludeacidrainandthespreadofpesticideresidues.Manypesticidesthatfarmersaddedtotheircropsareeventuallywashedawaybytherainandendupinpondsandotherbodiesofwaterwhereamphibianslive.Amphibiansareespeciallyvulnerabletopesticidesdissolvedinthewaterbecauseoftheirmoistskins.Watercanpassthroughamphibiansallowingtoxinsdissolvedinthewatertoentertheamphibians'body.

Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?

A.Thedistributionofdifferentspeciesofamphibians.

B.Possiblereasonsforreductioninthenumberofamphibians.

C.Theeffectsofenvironmentalchangeonthefishindustry.

D.Guidelinesfortheresponsibleuseofpesticides.

2.What'sthecommonmisconceptionaboutartandscience?

3.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?

A.Computerlabservices.

B.Collegelibraryfacilities.

C.Theuseofmicro-computers.

D.Printoutsfromthelaserprinter.

4.Do-it-YourselfhasbecomeoneofMrMiller'shobbies.

A.RightB.Wrong

5.Itsoundsabitunscientificthatagoodmanageris______ratherthan______.

6.Accordingtoanotherexplanation,wheredidthisexpressionprobablycomefrom?

A.Australia.B.Japan.C.Netherland.D.England.

7.HowlongdidittakeforalettersentbyapostridertoreachtheaddresseebetweenNewYorkandBoston?

8.ThejoboftheBoardofDirectorsistoadministratethecompany．

A.RightB.Wrong

9.MDrefersto“adoctorofmedicine”．

A.RightB.Wrong

10.Bonecontainsnowater.

A.RightB.Wrong

11.PartC

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.

Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.

聽力原文：Thetenyearsofthe1960swasaperiodofprofoundchangeinmanypartsoftheworld.IntheUnitedStates,beginningwiththeCivilRightsMovementintheearly1960s,andextendingthroughtheVietnamWar,millionsofAmericansbegantochallengeestablishedauthority.Thesemovementswereinitiallypolitical.YoungAmericansdemandedthatgovernmentalpoliciesinracerelationsandinternationalrelationscorrespondtotheidealsofjusticecontainedintheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.Bytheendofthedecade,however,challengestoauthoritywerecarriedfarbeyondpoliticalissuesandweredirectedatthesocialorderanddeeplyrootedculturalpatternsofthecountry.

Thegenerationthatcameofageinthe1960s,theBabyBoomgeneration,soughtchangeinalmosteveryaspectoflifeintheUnitedStates.Forexample,theyexperimentedwithcooperativeeconomicinstitutionsandcommunallivingarrangements,brokesexualtaboos,alteredtheprocessofeducation,explorednon-Westernspiritualtraditions,developedastrongrespectfortheenvironment,andtransformedpopularculture.Asawhole,thesechangesstoodforadifferentsetofculturalvaluesthatprovidedathoroughcritiqueofAmericansocietyasitexistedatthattime.Althoughmany"alternativelifestyles"wereshort-lived,culturalchangesthatbeganinthatperiodhavehadacontinuingeffectonmuchofAmericanlife,particularlyinattitudestowardmale-femalerelations.

Allculturesarecomplex.Theyareacombinationofcloselyrelatedpatternsofsocialinteraction.Asaresult,changesinanimportantaspectofaparticularculturewillusuallyproducechangesthroughoutthesociety.TheWomen'sMovementthatbeganintheUnitedStatesduringthe1960sisatypicalexampleofthisphenomenon.Fromthebeginning,theWomen'sMovementwasinfluencedbyculturalchangesthathadoccurredearlierinthedecade.TheCivilRightsMovementforracialequalityandthedevelopmentofthebirthcontrolpillwereparticularlyimportant—theCivilRightsMovementbecausewomeninvolvedintheeffortforracialjusticebegantoseethemselvesasvictimsofsocialinjustice,andthebirthcontrolpillbecauseitgavewomenreliablecontroloverreproduction.

Social,economic,andlegalequalityandreproductiverightscontinuetobethebasicprinciplesoftheWomen'sMovement.Assomeofthesegoalshavebeenachieved,majorchangeshaveoccurredinbroaderculturalpatternssuchastheeconomyandthefamily.Atthepresenttime,mostofAmericanwomenareemployed.Employmentisnolongerconfinedtosuchtraditionalfemaleoccupationsasteacher,nurse,orsecretary.Womenarenowfoundineveryoccupationandatalllevelsofresponsibilityandauthority.Participationintheeconomyhasgivenmanywomenanindependencethathasallowedthemtochoosewhether,when,andhowtoform.afamily.Workingwomenwithinfamiliesnowarepartofaneconomicpartnershipwithmeninwhichbothadultsprovidesupportforthefamilyunitandareresponsibleforthequalityoflife.

TheWomen'sMovementhasaffectedtherelationshipbetweenmenandwomeninthefamilyinotherwaysaswell.Womenhavechallengedtraditionalsexrolesinthehousehold.Menarenowexpectedtoparticipateinchild-raisinganddomesticactivitiestoamuchgreaterextentthaninthepast.Childbearingisnowamatteroffamilychoice,withwomenhavingthefinaldecisioninfamilyplanning.

Alloftheseculturalchangesarestrengthenedinboththemediaandint

12.Whatisbehavioralmanagementbasedon?

13.Howmanyreactionscouldyouhavetowardstheteacher'sreport?

14.MDistheabsoluteheadofthecompany．

A.RightB.Wrong

15.Wecanmakearound-the-worldflighttripfreeofchargeifwefinishreadingenoughbooks.

A.TrueB.Fasle

二、2.UseofEnglish(10題)16.(42)

17.

【C8】

18.Childrenwhogriptheirpenstooclosetothewritingpointarelikelytobeatadisadvantageinexaminations,【31】______tothefirstseriousinvestigationintothewayinwhichwritingtechniquecandramaticallyaffecteducationalachievement.

Thesurveyof643childrenandadults,rankingfrompre-schoolto40-plus,alsosuggests【32】______pen-holdingtechniqueshavedeterioratedsharplyoveronegeneration,withteachersnowpayingfar【33】______attentiontocorrectpengripandhandwritingstyle.

StephanieThomas,alearningsupportteacher【34】______findingshavebeenpublished,wasinspiredtoinvestigatethisarea【35】______henoticedthatthosestudentswhohadthemosttroublewithspelling【36】______hadapoorpengrip.WhileMr.Thomascouldnotestablishasignificantstatisticallink【37】______pen-holdingstyle.andaccuracyinspelling,he【38】______findhugedifferencesintechniquebetweentheyoungchildrenandthematureadults,andadefinite【39】______betweennear-pointgrippingandslow,illegiblewriting.

Peoplewho【40】______theirpensatthewritingpointalsoshowothercharacteristics【41】______inhibitlearning,【42】______aspoorposture,leaningtoo【43】______tothedesk,usingfourfingerstogripthepen【44】______thanthree,andclumsypositioningofthethumb(whichcanobscure【45】______isbeingwritten).

Mr.Thomasbelievesthatthe【46】______betweenelderandyoungerwritersis【47】______toodramatictobeaccountedforsimplybythepossibilitythatpeoplegetbetteratwritingastheygrow【48】______.Heattributesittoafailuretoteachthemosteffectivemethods,pointingoutthatthedifferencesbetween【49】______groupscoincideswiththeabandonmentofformalhandwritinginstructioninclassroomsinthesixties."The30-year-oldshowedahugediversityofgrips,【50】______theover40sgroupallhadauniform.'tripod'grip."

(31)

19.(34)

20.

【C13】

21.

【C2】

22.(47)

23.

【C19】

24.

【C10】

25.(44)

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15題)26.

Theauthorgaveanexampleinthethirdparagraphinorderto______．

A.emphasizetheneedtoplaceastrongervalueonnationalcooperation

B.explainwhytheAmericanideahasbeenbasedonindividualfreedom

C.illustratethefactthatAmericanswillnotsacrificetheirpersonalinterestforthegoodoftheentirecountry

D.supporttheideathatAmericansneedsthespiritofnationalcooperationtoachieveimportantnationalobjectivesinthe21stcentury

27.

Wecanlearnfromthetextthatartcriticshaveahistoryof______.

A.suppressingpainters'artinitiatives

B.favoringBotticelli'sbestpaintings

C.rejectingtraditionalartcharacteristics

D.undervaluingBotticelli'sachievements

28.Women'smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen's.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatterorfrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinitestructuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses—thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargerandprobablyricherinnervefibersthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis"What?",and,ifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinborn,aresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforwordhanding,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetterconnections.

Butitisn'tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat"languagesubjects"andboysbetteratmathsandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan'tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon'tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

A.Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.

B.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.

C.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.

D.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.

29.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

A.SomeAmericanswouldnotacceptthevalueofconservationandenvironmentprotection,becausethisvaluewouldprobablymakethemunemployed.

B.ManyAmericanshavebeenusedtowasting,soitwillbedifficultforthemtoacceptthenewvalueofconservation.

C.SomeoldvaluesarestillhavingaverystronginfluenceonAmericanpeople,althoughtheyareharmfulinthisnewage.

D.MostAmericanshavefullyrealized,theneedtoprotecttheenvironment,sotheyhavetakenmeasurestorecyclejunkedgoods.

30.(68)

31.

Theword"fib"inthefourthsentenceofParagraph5,probablymeans______.

A.totellthetruth

B.toreduce

C.toincrease

D.totellasmalllie

32.(76)

33.(73)

34.(70)

35.ShortagesoffluvaccinearenothingnewinAmerica,butthisyear'sisawhopper.Untillastweek,itappearedthat100millionAmericanswouldhaveaccesstoflushotsthisfall.ThenBritishauthorities,concernedaboutquality-controlproblemsataproductionplantinLiverpool,barredallfurthershipmentsbytheChironCorp.Overnight,theU.S.vaccinesupplydwindledbynearlyhalfandfederalhealthofficialsfoundthemselvesmakinganunusualplea.Insteadofbeseechingusalltogetvaccinated,they'renowurgingmosthealthypeoplebetweentheagesof2and64notto."Thisreemphasizesthefragilityofourvaccinesupply,"saysDr.MartinMyersoftheNationalNetworkforImmunizationInformation,"andthelackofredundancyinoursystem."

Whyissuchabasichealthservicesoeasilyknockedout?Mainlybecauseprivatecompanieshavehadlittleincentivetopursueit.Tocreateasingledoseoffluvaccine,amanufacturerhastogrowlivevirusina2-week-oldfertilizedchickenegg,thencracktheegg,harvestthevirusandextracttheproteinsusedtoprovokeanimmuneresponse.Profitmarginsarenarrow,demandisfickleand,becauseeachyear'sfluvirusisdifferent,anyleftovervaccinegoestowaste.Asaresult,theUnitedStatesnowhasonlytwomajorsuppliers(ChironandAventisPasteur)--andwhenoneofthemrunsintotrouble,thereisn'tmuchtheothercandoaboutit."Avaccinemakercan'tjustcallupandorder40millionmorefertilizedeggs,"saysManonCox,ofConnecticut-basedProteinSciencesCorp."There'sawholeindustrythat'sscheduledtoproduceacertainnumberofeggsatacertaintime."

Sleekertechnologiesarenowintheworks,andexpertsarehopingthatthisyear'sfiascowillspeedthepaceofinnovation.Themainchallengeistoshiftproductionfromeggsintocellcultures--amediumalreadyusedtomakemostothervaccines.Fluvaccinesareharderthanmosttoproducethisway,butseveralbiotechcompaniesarenowpursuingthisstrategy,andoneculture-basedproduct(SolvayPharmaceuticals'Invivac)hasbeenclearedformarketinginEurope.

ForAmericans,theimmediatechallengeistomakethemostofalimitedsupply.Thegovernmentestimatesthat95millionpeoplestillqualifyforshotsunderthevoluntaryrestrictionsannouncedlastweek.That'snearlytwicethenumberofdosesthatclinicswillhaveonhand,butonly60millionAmericansseekoutshotsinanormalyear.Infact,manyexpertsarehopingtheshortagewillserveasanawarenesscampaign--encouragingthepeoplewhoreallyneedaflushottogetone.

Shortagesoffluevaccineshowthat______.

A.Americareliestoomuchonforeignsuppliers

B.thedemandoffluevaccinesishighthisyear

C.qualityproblemisaseriousprobleminfluvaccineproduction

D.thesupplyoffluvaccinesisratherweakandAmericahasnoback-upmeasurestomakeitup

36.

Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat______.

A.thegovernmenthopestosolvetheproblembywayofvolunteerrestrictions

B.morethan47millionAmericanswhoarequalifiedtogetfluvaccineshotscannotgetthemthisyear

C.Americahastodealwithalimitedsupplyoffluvaccinesthisyear

D.normallyonlyasmallpercentageofAmericanpopulationgetsfluvaccineshotseachyear

37.

Intheirstudy,researchersledbyPierreMaquettookadvantageofthetechniqueof______.

A.exposingalong-heldfolkwisdom

B.clarifyingthepredictionsondreams

C.makingcontrastsandcomparisons

D.correlatingeffectswiththeircauses

38.(67)

39.

Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tooutlinetheresearchfindingsonthebrainstructure.

B.Toexplainthelinkbetweensexandbrainstructure.

C.Todiscussthevariousfactorsthatcausebraindifferences.

D.Tosuggestnewareasinbrainresearch.

40.

Whycouldnotceramicsbeusedwidelyinthepast?

A.Becauseoftheirbrittleness.

B.Becausepeopledidn'tknowhowtousethem.

C.Becausetheywerenotuseful.

D.Becausetheycouldnotresistheat.

四、閱讀理解(5題)41.

第

35

題

theapproachestoresearchshouldbeadjustedtothechangingsituation?__________

42.

第

40

題

5.__________

43.

第

29

題

Theword“deforestation”inParagraph3means__________．

44.

第

35

題

stationscanincreasetofullpowerveryquickly?__________

45.

根據(jù)下列選項回答36～40題：

第

36

題

1.__________

參考答案

1.B

2.Completelyseparate/exclusive．

3.B

4.A

5.Borntrained．

6.D

7.Manyweeks．

8.A

9.B

10.B

11.Culturalchanges

12.Howpeoplebehave

13.One

14.B

15.B

16.therebythereby解析：本句句意為“我們也正在污染海洋，殺死了魚類，…剝奪了我們那無價的食物供應(yīng)?！憋@然，此空前后為因果關(guān)系，而且depriving前不能用so或其他表因果關(guān)系的連詞，而只能用介詞thereby。

17.ofof解析：beofthesame…意為“是一樣…”，此句意為“…在正確的指導(dǎo)下，他們能繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，繼續(xù)通過干許多一樣復(fù)雜的工作而獲得多樣性。”

18.accordingaccording解析：accordingto意為“根據(jù)”，為固定短語，本句句意為“根據(jù)對…的嚴(yán)格調(diào)查，…。”

19.thatthat解析：此空后的內(nèi)容為maintain的內(nèi)容，即此空后的句子為maintain的賓語，應(yīng)填一個可引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞。

20.wherewhere解析：此題考查where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾前面提到的plane，trainorbus。所以此處應(yīng)填關(guān)系副詞“where”。

21.whowho解析：此空后的句子顯然為定語從句，修飾“Behaviorists”，所以應(yīng)填一個who，引導(dǎo)修飾人的定語從句。

22.rationalrational解析：從文章的后面可以知道，顧客們已經(jīng)要結(jié)算了，認(rèn)為都買了該買的商品。但是售貨員在他們等著付賬的過程中巧妙的利用顧客們的購物沖動向他們推銷，而不是理性購物。故答案為rational。

23.waswas解析：此空顯然應(yīng)是句子的謂語成分，應(yīng)填動詞的過去式。

24.withwith解析：根據(jù)對等關(guān)系，這里應(yīng)該與后面的部分“apersonwithagoodunderstanding”相對應(yīng)。意思是“那些腳踏實(shí)地的人往往是那些很了解現(xiàn)實(shí)的人。”故答案為with。

25.toto解析：besubjectedto為固定搭配，“使遭受，使服從”的意思，要學(xué)會跨過其他成分尋找主干。所以此處應(yīng)填介詞“to”。

26.C解析：文章第三段指出“ItisfarmoredifficultforAmericanstoacceptsharedsacrificeforthecommongoodandwell-beingoftheentirecountry．”，接著作者給出一個例子，證明美國人不會為了國家的利益而放棄個人的利益。故應(yīng)選C。

27.D解析：文章的第一段最后一句話“Evenwhenanti-academicarthistorians．．．，Botticelli’sworkremainedoutsideofacceptedtaste…．”，就算當(dāng)時很多正統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格被批判，波提切利的作品也沒有引起重視，認(rèn)為他的作品不隨人們的口味，既滿足不了專業(yè)人士的品位，也不能滿足業(yè)余人士的欣賞要求。這里的undervalue的意思是“低估，沒有重視”，故應(yīng)選D。

28.C解析：選項A即心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)放棄，而生物學(xué)家正在展開研究工作。而文中第三句話說“Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke．”即心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為這個研究不是一件沮喪的事，就是一個笑話，此句和選項A含義不一樣。選項B即大腦區(qū)別顯示出一個性別優(yōu)于另外一個性別。而文中第一段最后一句話說“Butbeingdifferent，theypointouthurriedly，isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse．”即他們指出盡管有區(qū)別，但并不能說明誰優(yōu)誰劣，此句和選項B含義不一樣。選項D兩性大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別早已為人所知。而文中第三段第三句話說“Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmen…”即這是第一次人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩性大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的不同，此句和選項D含義不一樣。所以本題應(yīng)選C。

29.D解析：第二段第一句提到“…butoldwastefulhabitsdiehard”，可知雖然美國人開始回收利用一些物品，但是那種浪費(fèi)的舊習(xí)慣依然不好消除。最后一句話“…itcanbecomestrongeronlyasAmericansseetheneedforitmoreclearly．”也說明了只有當(dāng)美國人真正意識到環(huán)保的重要性，他們才能更好的具有環(huán)保意識，言外之意就是說他們依然沒有完全意識到環(huán)保的重要性。故應(yīng)選D。

30.FF解析：從后面的first，second等字眼可以看出答案為F，因為選項中的“This,ofcourse,willintroducetwovitalsetsofproblem-isalreadyintroducingthem.”相對應(yīng)。故應(yīng)選F。

31.D解析：fib意為“撒小謊”。

32.D解析：Stiglitz打