Lesson51Rewardforvirtue對美德的獎賞TopictalkingWhatkindoffoodmustn’tyoueattoomuch?Dolikeeatingrichfood?Whatkindofbodyfiguredoyouwanttohave?Doyouwanttoloseweightorgainweight?WordbankMyfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthings_______________recently____hedecidedto____________.Hebeganhisdiet____________.Firstofall,he__________alonglistofallthefoods_____wereforbidden.Thelist_______mostofthethingsHughloves:______,potatoes,rice,beer,milk,_________;andsweets.YesterdayI____________.Irangthebellandwasnot_________to____thatHughwasstill____________.Heledmeintohisroomand_________hid____________underhisdesk.Itwas________thathewasveryembarrassed.WhenIaskedhim_________________,he____________andthenputtheparcelonthedesk.He________thathisdietwasso_______thathe___________________occasionally.Thenheshowedme____________theparcel.It__________fivelarge_____ofchocolateandthreebagsofsweets!Myfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.Hebeganhisdietaweekago.Firstofall,hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.ThelistincludedmostofthethingsHughloves:butter,potatoes,rice,beer,milk,chocolate;andsweets.YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatHughwasstillasfatasever.Heledmeintohisroomandhurriedlyhidalargeparcelunderhisdesk.Itwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.WhenIaskedhimwhathewasdoing,hesmiledguiltilyandthenputtheparcelonthedesk.Heexplainedthathisdietwassostrictthathehadtorewardhimselfoccasionally.Thenheshowedmethecontentsoftheparcel.Itcontainedfivelargebarsofchocolateandthreebagsofsweets!★reward

n.報償givesb.reward給...報償(n.)v.獎勵，獎賞rewardsb.withsth.用...獎賞...rewardsb.forsth.因為...給某人獎賞asarewardfor作為…的報酬；作為…的回報inrewardfor作為報答；作為…的報酬rewardsystem獎賞系統(tǒng)；獎勵系統(tǒng)offerareward懸賞monetaryreward金錢獎賞；賞金financialreward物質(zhì)獎酬，獎金Theteacherrewardedhimforthefirstprize.Itisunfairthathegetsverylittleinrewardforhishardwork.

IgivemyselfarewardortreatwhenIdowellinEnglish.★virtuen.美德,優(yōu)點Virtueisherownreward.美德本身就是回報。virtuelessadj.無道德的，無優(yōu)點的havethevirtueof具有…的優(yōu)點Avirtueofthisplanisthatitshouldhelpusfindouttheanswer.strongpointsn.長處，meritn.優(yōu)點shortpointsn.短處weakpoints弱點★diet['dai?t]n.節(jié)食goonadiet/beonadietYounevertellmetogoonadiet.Sheisonadietforherfigure.vi.節(jié)食vt.[醫(yī)]照規(guī)定飲食[過去式dieted

過去分詞dieted

現(xiàn)在分詞dieting

]Shehasdietedofffivepounds.Wemustdietandtakemoreexercise.Nodessertforme,thanks,I'mdieting.★forbid[f?'bid]v.禁止(-forbade[f?'beid]-forbidden[f?'bid?n])forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事forbiddoing禁止干explicitlyforbid明令禁止strictlyforbid嚴禁同：prohibit[pr?u'hibit]（正式，通過法律）反：permit[p?'mit]允許，許可forbiddenadj.forbiddencity★hurriedlyadv.匆忙地Ann,whereareyougoinghurriedly?

hurryn./v.匆忙Pleasehurry,wearelate.inahurry=hurriedly

匆忙的

hurriedadj.匆忙地★embarrassv.使尷尬sth.embarrasssb.……讓……感到尷尬embarrasssb.inpublic

當(dāng)眾使某人尷尬我希望我沒有給你丟人。IhopeIdidn'tembarrassyou.embarrassingadj.令人尷尬地你可能會傷到自己，而且可能使你感到尷尬。Youcanhurtyourself,andthatcanbeembarrassing,too.embarrassedadj.

感到尷尬的Sallyfeltveryinteresting,butIwasveryembarrassed.embarrassmentn.難堪；使人為難的人或事物Tomyembarrassment,Ifoundmypocketempty.★guiltily['giltili]adv.內(nèi)疚地guiltilyconscience問心有愧clearconscience問心無愧“這是我的錯”他內(nèi)疚地說。'It'smyfault.'hesaidguiltily.guilt犯罪，過失；內(nèi)疚Manysurvivorswereleftwithasenseof

guilt.guiltiness有罪；自覺有罪His

guiltiness

wasdeterminedbythe

court.★strictadj.嚴格的,嚴謹?shù)?；精確的；絕對的：bestrictwithsb.bestrictinsth.Myfatherisstrictwithme.strictdefinition精確的定義；strictloyalty絕對的忠誠strictstandard嚴格的標準strictanalysis精確地分析★occasionally[?'kei??n?li]adv.偶爾地occasion(機會n.)+al(形容詞后綴)+ly(副詞后綴)→occasionally偶爾他偶爾出錯，但不是時常出錯。Hemakesmistakesoccasionally,butnotoften.nowandthen偶爾，不時...byoccasionally

偶然的雨總是下個不停。Itrainedcontinually.(Itstoppedoccasionally.)somethinggivenorreceivedinreturnforwork,meritorservicesmoralgoodnessorexcellenceorder(sb)nottodosth;notallowcause(sb)tofeelself-conscious,awkwardorashamedtheunhappyfeelingscausedbyknowingorthinkingthatyouhavedonesthwrong

sometimesbutnotoftenalimitedvarietyoramountoffoodthatyoueatformedicalreasonsorbecauseyouwanttoloseweightEmbarrassRewardForbidVirtuedietOccasionallyGuiltthings（要用復(fù)數(shù)形式）可以表示“情況，情形，狀況，形勢”等含義：You’resurelymadethingsworse.Howarethingsgoingonwithyou?get作不及物動詞時可以表示“變得”IgotinterestedinFrench.get+形容詞多用在口語中g(shù)et能替代become，但become較為正式。get與become前面的主語既可以是人也可以是物。Hebecame/gotangrywithhisson.他生他兒子的氣。Myfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthings

got

sobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.go+形容詞多表示從好的狀態(tài)變成壞的狀態(tài)Inhotweather，meatgoesbad.另:go還可用于人或事物顏色的變色，與turn用法相同：Shewent[turned]bluewithcold.她凍得臉色發(fā)青了。come+形容詞則主要指向好的方面變化Herwishcametrue.她的愿望實現(xiàn)了。Everythingcameright.一切順利。grow+形容詞主要表示逐漸變化，強調(diào)變化的過程Theseaisgrowingcalm.大海變得平靜起來。Wearegrowingold.turn+形容詞后面多接表示顏色的形容詞作表語，也可以接表示天氣的形容詞作表語。意思上側(cè)重于“變得與以前完全不同”。Themanturnedbluewithfear.那個男人因害怕而臉發(fā)青。Theweathersuddenlyturnedmuchcolder.天氣突然變得冷多了。Firstofall,hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.firstofall首先,首要(許多事情中首要的,即最重要的)atfirst首先(句型:atfirst..,then....:起先...然后...)writeout寫出Thedoctorwroteoutaprescription.[pris'krip??n]醫(yī)生開了張藥方。Thelistincludedmostofthethings...

It

containedfivelargebarsofchocolateandthreebagsofsweets!contain可用于表示包含所含之物的全部include則只是包含一部分Theparcelcontainedadictionary.那包裹里裝的是一本字典。Theparcelincludedadictionary.

那包裹里也包括了一本字典。這次旅行包括游覽巴黎。

ThetourincludesavisittoParis.include和contain都有“包含”的意思，但contain可以用于表示所包含的全部事物；include則只表示其中的一部分。contain一定是容器里面裝，include則含義更廣We’reincludingyouinourteam.Doesthebillincludeatip?YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatHughwasstillasfatasever.paysb.avisit

拜訪某人payavisittosb./someplace:拜訪某人/某地.Shemustpayavisittohergrandmother.我希望去長城游覽一番。IhopetopayavisittotheGreatWall.as...asever像往常一樣Hughwasstillasfatasheeverwas.ascleanaseverasquietaseverbesurprisedtodo/besurprisedatsth.Heledmeintohisroomandhurriedlyhidalargeparcelunderhisdesk.Itwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.

lead-led-led

osomewhere把某人領(lǐng)進某地條條大路通羅馬。AllroadsleadtoRo(進門)；showsb.out(出門)；seesb.off(送行)hide-hid-hid/hiddenItwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.It形式主語It+be/實義動詞+

that從句形式主語

真實主語RaiseandRiseraise作動詞時只能作及物動詞，即它必須跟賓語。它可以表示“舉起，往上提，使……升高”等含義：請那些同意我的人舉起手來好嗎？Willthosewhoagreewithmepleaseraisetheirhands?他們?yōu)槭裁刺岣呶飪r？Whydidtheyraiseprices?rise作動詞時通常為不及物動詞，表示“起立，起床，（日、月等）升起”等含義：你還在床上，太陽已經(jīng)升起來！You’restillinbedandthesunhasalreadyrisen!老師走進教室時所有的學(xué)生都起立了。Allthestudentsrosewhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.LayandLieLie-lied-lied(lying)Lie-lay-lain(lying)Lay-laid-laid(laying)lay（laid，laid）vt.置，擱，鋪，準備我把你的衣服放在床上了，這樣你可以把它們收起來。Ilaidyourclothesonthebedsoyoucouldput