2020年高中英語(yǔ)時(shí)文新聞拓展閱讀理解Passage1美國(guó)正積極研發(fā)新冠疫苗TheUnitedStatesis"neck-and-neck"withChinaintheracetodevelopaneffectivecoronavirus（新冠病毒）vaccine,JohnsHopkinsUniversityhealthpolicyandmanagementprofessorDr.MartyMakarytold"SpecialReport"Wednesday."Thereare70vaccinesindifferentstagesofdevelopment,"saidMakary,aFoxNewscontributor."Thereareseventhatarebeinggiveninpatientsrightnow.We'resortofneck-and-neckwithChina--we'vegotthree,they'vegotthree."MakaryaddedthattheChinesevaccines"areactuallyinfurtherstagesofdevelopment.Theirdrugsareinphasetwoorthree,andit'sarealrace...Thecountrythatgetstherefirstwillhaveasignificantadvantagebecausetheywillcontrolthesupplyfortherestoftheworldandtheriskisifwearen'ttherefirst,wecouldgetlockedout."Theprofessorconcludedthatthesearchforavaccinewas"movingalong,"butaddedthat"itwillprobablytakeayear"beforesuchatreatmentbecomeswidelyavailable.EarlierWednesday,Dr.AnthonyFauci,thegovernment'stopinfectious-diseaseexpertandamemberofPresidentTrump'scoronavirustaskforce,toutedthedrugremdesivir（瑞德西韋）forits"clear-cutsignificantpositiveeffectindiminishingthetimetorecovery,”asreflectedinnewdata.MakarysaidthatwhiletheNationalInstitutesofHealthstudyshowsonlya31percentreductionrateinrecoverytime,itcouldprovetobesignificant."Onethingtoremember,"Makarycautionedaboutremdesivir,"it'snotasilverbullet."Itreducestheseverityandprobablyincreasesrecoverybutalso,thisisanIV（靜脈注射）medication,it'snotsomethingyoucangotothepharmacytonightandpickup."IntheU.S.,remdesivirisstillawaitingregulatoryapprovalasacoronavirustreatment,butMakarysaiditislikelytoreceiveemergencyauthorizationfromtheFoodandDrugAdministration"asearlyasthisevening”.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“neck-and-neck”mean?AworktogetherBbefriendsCattheequallevelDbeenemiesWhatisAmerican'schallengeaccordingtoMakary'sstatement?AUsevaccinestosavemorepeople.BGivepatientsmorevaccinesfortreatment.CDevelopeffectivevaccinesbeforeChinadoes.DWorkwithChinatodevelopvaccines.Whatcanweknowaboutremdesivir?AItcanreducethetimetorecovery.BPeoplecan'tpurchaseiteasilyindrugstores.CIthasbeenusedasacoronavirustreatment.DIthasasignificanteffectintreatingcoronavirus.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?ATheUSislevelwithChinainraceforcoronavirusvaccines.BRemdesivircanbethetreatmentforcoronavirusvaccines.CRemdesivirneedtheregulatoryapproval.DCoronavirusvaccinesshouldbedevelopedsoon.Passage2上海迪士尼恢復(fù)營(yíng)業(yè)ShanghaiDisneylandtoreopenaftershuttingdownMay11couldbeaverymagicaldayforthemeparklovers.Aspartsoftheworldstarttoreopenamidthecoronavirus（新冠病毒）pandemic（大流行?。琺anypeoplearelookingtoseehowbusinesseswillreturnafterclosingdown.It'slikelythatthemeparkloverswillbeinterestedtoseehowtheDisneyparksaltertheirpracticesinresponsetotheoutbreak.ShanghaiDisneylandannouncedthatitwillbereopeningtothepubliconMonday.TheparkcloseditsdoorsonJan.25aspartofChina'seffortstocurbthespreadofthecoronavirus.Sincethen，theoutbreakhasbecomeapandemicandDisneyparksacrosstheworldhavealsobeenlimitedandshuttheirdoors.Inastatement，DisneyCEOBobChapeksaid:“WeknowhowmuchourguestshavebeenlookingforwardtoreturningtoShanghaiDisneyland，andourcastisexcitedtobeginwelcomingthemback.Astheparkreopenswithsignificantlyenhancedhealthandsafetymeasures，ourguestswillfindShanghaiDisneylandasmagicalandmemorableasever.”Whentheparkreopens，guestswillberequiredtopurchaseadmissionticketsvalidforcertaindatesonly.Also，annualpassholderswillhavetomakereservationspriortoarrival.Theparkwillalsocontrolguestdensity（密度）inlines,restaurants,ridevehiclesandotherfacilities.Theparkwillalsoutilizetemperaturescreeningandrequiregueststowearmasksinthepark，exceptwheneating.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“curb”meaninparagraph1?AstopBencourageCcontrolDtreatWhatcanwelearnformparagraph1?AShanghaiDisneylandclosedbeforethepandemicofthecoronavirus.BOnlyShanghaiDisneylandshutitsdoorduringthepandemic.CShanghaiDisneylandwillbereopenbecausethepandemicisended.DChinahascurbedthespreadofthecoronavirus.WhatwillhappenwhenShanghaiDisneylandreopens?AItwon'tbeasentertainingasbefore.BThosewhoboughtticketcanvisititatanytime.CAnnualpassholderscanvisittheparkfreely.DManymeasureswillbeusedtoenhancesafety.Passage3紐約頂級(jí)廚師的工作困境ChefsfromsomeofNewYorkCity'stoprestaurantsareleavingthebusinesstoworkforbillionairesafterlosingtheirjobstothecoronavirus（新冠病毒）,theNewYorkPosthaslearned.Out-of-workchefsfromrestaurantsincludingJean-Georges,Daniel,ElevenMadisonPark,PerSeandGramercyTavernarebeingpoached（挖走）bytalentagentsandevenrealestatebrokers（房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人）toworkforwealthyfamiliessincethecoronavirusshutdownshaveweakenedtherestaurantindustry,sourcessaid.Thesupplyofqualitychefsissoabundantthatsomewealthypeoplesaythey'regettingcold-calledaboutthelatestcandidate.“Ireceivedacalloutoftheblueasking訐wewantedtohireatopchefwhohadworkedforJean-Georges,”onebillionairerealestatedevelopertoldtheNYPost'sSideDish.Forunemployedchefs,it'softentheonlywayforthemtomakemoneydoingwhattheyloveatatimewhensit-downdiningisprohibitedbythestatelockdown.“Iwaslaidoffsixweeksago.Itjustwasn'tpossibletostay,nomatterhowmuchthechefwantedtokeepus.Ican'tstandnotworking.Imissbeinginthekitchen,”saidIanTenzer,a29-year-oldformersouschef（副廚）atthree-starMichelinrestaurantElevenMadisonPark,namedtheworld'sbestrestaurantin2017.“WorkingasaprivatechefhasalwaysbeenapartoftheindustryIhadthoughtaboutworkinginand,atthispointinmycareer,it'sagoodchoiceeconomicallyandprofessionally,”headded.Indeed,chefswhochoosetoworkinprivatehomesstandtogeta20percentto30percentpayraise,aswellasotherperks（補(bǔ)貼）includingbetterhours,sourcessaid.Souschefsattoprestaurantscanearnbetween$120,000and$200,000ayearworkingfull-timeforafamily,comparedtocloserto$100,000workingatarestaurant.Onedrawbackisthatyouneverknowwhatkindoffamilyyou'llget,chefssaid.最新WordSomefamiliesare“l(fā)ovely,adventurousandcurious,”butotherscanbequitetheopposite.Theycanberudeand“evenphysicallyandverballyabusive.Ihaveheardhorrorstories,”saidonechefwhoaskedtoremainunnamed.“Moneycanbeaverycorruptinginfluence.”WhichistrueaboutChefsinNewYorkcity?ASomeoffamouschefsareleavingthebusinesstoworkinprivatehomes.BWealthyfamiliesinvitedchefstoworkforthem.CChefsarebeingpoachedbecausebillionairesneedthem.DTopchefsarerareinNewYorkcity.Whichofthefollowingcandescribetheunderlinedphrase“outoftheblue”?AfromtheskyBallofasuddenCinthemorningDfromafriendWhatcanweknowformparagraph3?AIanTenzerwasoutofworkbecausethechefdidn'tneedhim.BTherestillmanyjobsforIanTenzertodo.CIanTenzerhadn'tconsideredworkingforprivatefamilies.DBeingaprivatechefcanbeeconomicallyhelpfultoIanTenzer.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?ABeingaprivatechefcanearnmore.BUnemployedchefsarebeingpersonalcooks.CChefsfromNewYorkCity'stoprestaurantsDOut-of-workchefsfromtoprestaurantsPassage4為隔離患者捐贈(zèng)iPadNomanisanisland.Butforthecoronavirus（新冠病毒）patientsinhospitals,theydiealone—physicallyseparatedfromthefriendsandfamilywholovethem.ThiscruelrealityweighsheavilyonagroupofNewYorkCityvolunteerswhosemissionistoactuallyconnectpatientswithfamilymembersunabletobepresentduetohospitalrestrictionsonvisitors.Theirsolution:tocollectusediPadsfromacrossthecountryanddonatethemtohospitalsinunderserved（缺醫(yī)少藥的）communitieswheretheneedismostserious."It'saheartbreakingscene,"NicolasHeller,a31-year-olddocumentarian,saidofthethousandsofpeoplewhohavediedfromthediseaseinisolation,withoutthecomfortingwordsortouchfromalovedone."Alot最新Wordofthesepeoplearedyingprematurely,whethertheyhadmedicalissuesornot.It'scrushing."saidHeller,whoispartofiPadstoHospitals,anorganization—foundedbytwomedicalstudents,AmyJohnsonandJeffArace—thatiscollectingusediPadsforpatientswhodonotownsmartphonescapableofvideochatting.ThegroupexplainedhowthedonatediPadscouldalsobenefithospitalstaffwithlimitedpersonalprotectiveequipment,suchasmasksandgloves.Thetabletcomputerscanallowmedicalstafftocommunicatewithpatientsfromoutsideoftheroom,decreasingtheirriskofexposuretothevirus.AsofFridaymorning,thegroupsaidithasreceived375usediPadsfromdonorsnationwideandraisedmorethan$22,000throughitsGoFundMepagetopurchasemoredevices.Sofar,50oftheiPadshavebeendonatedtoBrooklyn'sCOVID-onlysite,UniversityHospitalofBrooklynatSUNYDownstate,whosestaffexpressedthecriticalimpactthedevicescanhaveonpatientsandalsohealthcareworkers."Thelifebloodofwhatwe'redoingismakinguseofpeople'siPadsthatareintheirdrawersandontheirdesksthattheydon'tuseanymore,"saidIanKaplan,afilmdirectorfromBrooklyn."I'vehadeverymakeandmodelofiPadevermadeinmyhandsinthelastweek,"said29-year-oldKaplan."Withtheexceptionofthefirstmodel,whichdoesn'thaveacamera,wecanmakeuseofanyiPad.However,wearenowherenearmeetingthedemandofeveryhospitalthatwespeakwith.”WhydovolunteerscollectusediPads?ATomakebetteruseofiPads.BTocollectandsellthemtopatients.CToenablepatientstocontactwiththeirfamily.DToequipunderservedcommunities.Whatcanweknowaccordingtoparagraph2?AHellerisoneofiPadstoHospitals'sfounders.BHospitalstaffcanuseiPadstocontactwiththeirfamily.CTheseiPadscanbebeneficialtomedicalworkers.DTheseiPadscanprotecthospitalstafffromthevirus.WhatcanweinferfromthestatementofIanKaplan?APeopledonatediPadsbecausetheywantedtobuynewones.BEverymakeandmodelofiPadcanbeusedinhospitals.CThoseiPadsinhishandsareallwithcameras.DThereisstillalotofiPadsneededtomeetthedemand.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?APatientsinhospitalsarephysicallyseparated.最新最新WordGroupcollectsusediPadstoconnectpatientswithfamily.HowwasiPadstoHospitalsfoundedbytwomedicalstudents.HowtocollectiPadsforhospitals.Passage5澳大利亞森林大火ThewildfiresdamagingpartsofAustraliacanbeseenfromspaceinnewsatelliteimagesreleasedbyNASA.Australia'scapital,Canberra,wasenvelopedinasmokyhazeSundayandairqualityatmiddaywasmeasuredat10timestheusualdangerouslimit.Thedamagingfireshavekilledatleast24peopleinAustraliaanddestroyedalmost2,000homes.TheearlyanddamagingstarttoAustralia'ssummerwildfires,fedbydroughtandthecountry'shottestanddriestyearonrecord,hasalsobeencatastrophic（毀滅性的）forthecountry'swildlife,likelykillingnearly500millionbirds,reptilesandmammalsinNewSouthWalesalone,SydneyUniversityecologistChrisDickmantoldtheSydneyMorningHerald.Undersuchextremeconditions,thefireshavebeengeneratingenoughheattocreatetheirownweathersystems,includingfire-generatedthunderstormsandfiretornadoes.ThousandsoffirefighterscontinuedtofighttheflamesthathaveburnedmillionsofacresinNewSouthWales,VictoriaandSouthAustralia,anareatwicethesizeofMaryland.InNewSouthWales,theruralfireservice（RFS）saidasofSundaytherewere150firesactiveinthestate,64ofthemuncontrolled.OnSaturday,PrimeMinisterScottMorrisonannouncedthat,forthefirsttimeinAustralianhistory,3,000army,navyandairforcereservists（后備軍人）willbattleagainstthefires.Healsocommitted$14milliontohiringfire-fightingaircraftfromoverseas.OnSunday,coolertemperaturesandlighterwindsbroughtsomerelieftothreatenedcommunities,adayafterthousandswereforcedtoescapeasflamesreachedthesuburbanareasofSydney.Thousandsoffirefightersfoughttocontainthefires,butmanyfirescontinuedtoburnoutofcontrol,threateningtowipeoutruraltownshipsandcausingalmostincalculabledamagetopropertyandwildlife.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fedby”mean?AgetfoodfromsomeoneCbedestroyedbysomethingAgetfoodfromsomeoneCbedestroyedbysomethingBbestrengthenedbysomethingDundercontrolofsomethingWhyweretherethunderstormsandtornadoes?ABecausethefiresgeneratedthunderstormsandtornadoes.BBecausetherewasrainyweather.CBecausethefiresgeneratedenoughheattocreateextremeweather.DBecausetheweathersystemsiseasytochange.Whatcanwelearnformthelastparagraph?AManysoldierswillfightagainstthefiresastheyhavedonebefore.BFireswerecontrolledduetocoolertemperaturesandlighterwinds.CAlotofpeoplemovedoutofthesuburbanareas.DDamagetopropertyandwildlifeislimited.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?AAustralia'sdestructivewildfiresBSoldiersfoughtagainstthefiresCWildlifediedformthefiresDAustralia'wisldfireswasundercontrolpassage1答案：C.根據(jù)第一段中，TheUnitedStatesis"neck-and-neck"withChinaintheracetodevelopaneffectivecoronavirusvaccine中的race一詞，及最后一句We'resortofneck-and-neckwithChina--we'vegotthree,they'vegotthree.可知，美國(guó)和中國(guó)目前處于同樣的疫苗研發(fā)階段，正在比賽哪國(guó)先研制出有效的新冠病毒疫苗。句意：在研制有效冠狀病毒疫苗的競(jìng)賽中，美國(guó)與中國(guó)“并駕齊驅(qū)”，故選C.C.根據(jù)第二段Thecountrythatgetstherefirstwillhaveasignificantadvantagebecausetheywillcontrolthesupplyfortherestoftheworldandtheriskisifwearen'ttherefirst,wecouldgetlockedout.最先實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的國(guó)家將擁有巨大的優(yōu)勢(shì)，因?yàn)樗麄儗⒖刂剖澜缙渌貐^(qū)的供應(yīng)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是，如果我們不先到那里，我們可能會(huì)被鎖在門外?？芍?，目前美國(guó)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是領(lǐng)先于中國(guó)研制出疫苗。B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段onlya31percentreductionrateinrecoverytime,在恢復(fù)時(shí)間上只有31%的降低率，A,D錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)，thisisanIVmedication,it'snotsomethingyoucangotothepharmacytonightandpickup.這是靜脈注射的藥物，不是你今晚可以去藥店拿的東西，B正確。根據(jù)IntheU.S.,remdesivirisstillawaitingregulatoryapprovalasacoronavirustreatment,在美國(guó)，remdesivir仍在等待監(jiān)管部門批準(zhǔn)作為冠狀病毒治療手段，C錯(cuò)誤。A.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，Markary表示目前美國(guó)與中國(guó)齊頭并進(jìn)，對(duì)美國(guó)研制疫苗速度表示擔(dān)憂，并說(shuō)目前疫苗研制正處于推進(jìn)中，故A正確，在冠狀病毒疫苗的研發(fā)上，美國(guó)與中國(guó)不相上下。passage2答案：C.根據(jù)第一段...aspartofChina'seffortstocurbthespreadofthecoronavirus,這是中國(guó)新型冠狀病毒傳播努力的一部分。及后文中“世界各地的迪士尼樂園也受到限制”可知，是要控制病毒的傳播。A.根據(jù)第一段最后一句Sincethen,theoutbreakhasbecomeapandemicandDisneyparksacrosstheworldhavealsobeenlimitedandshuttheirdoors.從那時(shí)起，疫情開始蔓延，世界各地的迪士尼樂園也受到限制，關(guān)門大吉。此前上海迪士尼于1月25日已經(jīng)關(guān)閉了。3.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段…ourguestswillfindShanghaiDisneylandasmagicalandmemorableasever,我們的客人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)上海迪斯尼樂園和以往一樣神奇和難忘，A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)...guestswillberequiredtopurchaseadmissionticketsvalidforcertaindatesonly.Also,annualpassholderswillhavetomakereservationspriortoarrival.客人必須購(gòu)買只在特定日期有效的入場(chǎng)券。此外，持年卡的游客必須在抵達(dá)之前預(yù)訂，B，C錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，公園將采取多種措施保障游客健康安全，D正確。passage3答案：A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第一段可知，據(jù)《紐約郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，紐約一些頂級(jí)餐廳的廚師在被冠狀病毒奪去工作后，紛紛離職為億萬(wàn)富翁工作，A正確。第二段，根據(jù)Out-of-workchefsfromrestaurantsincluding.arebeingpoachedbytalentagentsandevenrealestatebrokerstoworkforwealthyfamiliessincethecoronavirusshutdownshaveweakenedtherestaurantindustry,sourcessaid.消息人士稱，自冠狀病毒疫情導(dǎo)致餐飲業(yè)元?dú)獯髠詠?lái)，多家餐廳的失業(yè)廚師被人才中介甚至房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人挖走，為富裕家庭工作，可知B，C錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Thesupplyofqualitychefsissoabundantthat優(yōu)質(zhì)廚師的供應(yīng)是如此之多以至于，可知D錯(cuò)誤。B.根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)前一句，Thesupplyofqualitychefsissoabundantthatsomewealthypeoplesayt