Unit4SectionⅠⅠ.單句語法填空speaking(speak)，childrenundereightyearsoldarestillunabletotakecareofthemselves.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：一般來說，八歲以下的孩子還不能照顧自己。generallyspeaking插入語，一般來說，固定表達。oftenlookatmeinamazement(amaze)whenIsayIteachyogatokidsasyoungasthree,becausetheyconsideryogatobeforadultsonly.解析：考查名詞。句意：當我說孩子三歲時就教他瑜伽時，人們經(jīng)常吃驚地看著我，因為他們認為只有成年人才能練瑜伽。inamazement驚訝地，符合題意。passedaneighbouroffashisfatherwhenbeingaskedtobringhisparentsbytheteacher.解析：考查副詞。句意：老師要見他的父母時，他讓一個鄰居冒充他的父親。pass…offas把……冒充是……。,therearetwooldmenshelteringthemselvesfromtherainunderthe'sgivethemahand.解析：考查介詞。句意：瞧，樹下有兩位老人在避雨。我們?nèi)椭麄儼?。shelteroneselffromtherain躲雨。'thesitateaboutitatonce!解析：考查介詞。句意：關(guān)于此事不要再猶豫了。馬上去做吧！hesitateabout對……猶豫。,aprisonerinGeorgia,wascondemned(condemn)todeathlastweekforthemurderofapoliceofficer.解析：考查動詞。句意：戴維斯，佐治亞州的一名囚犯，因謀殺一名警官上周被判處死刑。becondemnedtodeath被判處死刑。don'tknowmuchabouthim,foritwasonlyoneyearagothatImadehisacquaintance.解析：考查動詞短語。句意：我對他不是很了解，因為我只是一年前才認識他的。makeone'sacquaintance認識某人。littleboyhasn'tcomebackyetafterleavinghome,whichmakeshisparentsworried.解析：考查定語從句。句意：男孩在離家后還未回來，使得他父母很擔心。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個句子。ifhedoesn'tcometomorrow?解析：考查句型。句意：如果他明天不來，我們怎么辦呢？whatif如果……將會怎么樣；如果……又怎樣，詢問將來可能發(fā)生的事或面臨的情況，特別是不太好的情況。fact,hehandedin/overthepapercovered(cover)inwriting.解析：考查副詞以及非謂語動詞。句意：他把寫滿字的紙遞過來。handover把……遞過來；handin上交；covered是過去分詞作定語，相當于whichwascovered。Ⅱ.單句改錯adog,hehappenedtomeetanoldfriend.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：在遛狗時，他碰巧遇到了一位老朋友。Whiledoing…現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，強調(diào)walk與句子主語he之間是主謂關(guān)系。bytheteacher,thechildwillbecomeagoodone.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：一旦由老師來教育，這個小孩會變得很乖的。Oncetaught相當于onceheistaught,過去分詞作狀語，強調(diào)teach與句子主語thechild之間是被動關(guān)系。timeheopenshismouth,hewillbetrayasanAmerican.解析：考查代詞。句意：每次他一張嘴就會暴露是個美國人的身份。betrayoneself暴露身份。ofweather,thecityofSanyaisagoodplacefortour.解析：考查介詞短語。句意：從天氣來講，三亞市是一個旅游勝地。intermsof就……來說；從……角度看。doyoutakeme?Athief?解析：考查介詞。句意：你把我當成什么人？小偷？take…for…把……誤認為是……。'srudetomakeremarkstheappearanceofothers.解析：考查介詞。句意：評論他人的相貌是不禮貌的。makearemark/remarkson就……發(fā)表意見，對……作出評論。havingbreakfast,Leewentthroughalltheadsinthenewspaper,hopingtofindasuitablejob.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：在吃早飯的時候，李瀏覽報紙上的所有分類廣告，想找到一份合適的工作。classifiedads分類廣告，過去分詞作定語。millionairepassedaway,leavinghischildrenlargefortune.解析：考查冠詞。句意：那個百萬富翁去世了，留給他的孩子們一大筆財富。fortune財富，可數(shù)名詞。alargefortune一大筆財富。areatyour'thesitatetousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們(隨時)為你服務(wù)。如果你還有什么問題，請不要猶豫找我們幫忙。hesitatetodo猶豫做某事。byGeorgeBernardShawisanofaclassicGreekstory.解析：考查名詞。句意：喬治·蕭伯納寫的《皮格馬利翁》是經(jīng)典的希臘故事改編的。不定冠詞an修飾名詞。Ⅲ.閱讀理解CaliforniaCondor'sShockingRecovery(2023·北京卷）CaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerica'slargestbirds,withwinglengthofupto3the1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoning(鉛中毒)nearlydrovethemtodying,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewildtobebred.Since1992,therehavebeenmultiplereintroductionstothewild,andtherearenowmorethan150flyingoverCaliforniaandnearbyArizona,UtahandBajainMexico.Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff.“Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdon'tseethepowerlines,”saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegowingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution(電死)iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingpoles,placedinlargetrainingareas,teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricthetrainingwasintroduced,66%ofset-freebirdsdiedofhasnowdroppedto18%.Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealcondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesofaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney(腎)failureandcondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveralworkisstartingtopayannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to%in2023.Rideout'steamthinksthattheCaliforniacondors'averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.“Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow,”hesays.“Theyaretrulygoodbirdsthatarewortheveryeffortweputintorecoveringthem.”語篇導(dǎo)讀本文是說明文。美國加利福尼亞州的禿鷲因為各種原因瀕臨滅絕，但在科研人員的幫助下，禿鷲的種群逐漸恢復(fù)生機。condorsattractresearchers'interestbecausethey______.activeatnighttobebredinthewildfoundonlyinCaliforniadiedoutinthe1980s解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一，二，三段內(nèi)容可知禿鷲因為電線死亡很多；第四段引出Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingidea.故選D。havefoundelectricallinesare______.condors'journeyhomekillersofCaliforniacondorsplacesforcondorsatnighttokeepcondorsaway解析：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)electricallines可知答案定位在第三段。電線能使禿鷲喪命，因為它們晚上休息時看不見電線，如果它們寬大的翅膀同時搭在兩根電線上，它們就會喪命。故選B。toParagraph5,leadpoisoning_______.condorstoonervoustoflylittleeffectoncondors'kidneyshardlybegottenridoffromcondors'blooditdifficultforcondorstoproducebabybirds解析：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段講述了鉛中毒對禿鷲的危害，影響禿鷲繁衍后代的能力。故選D。passageshowsthat______.averagesurvivaltimeofcondorsissatisfactory'sresearchinterestliesinelectricengineeringeffortstoprotectcondorshavebroughtgoodresultshavefoundthefinalanswerstotheproblem解析：C主旨大意題。本文介紹禿鷲瀕臨滅絕的危險，科研人員為挽救禿鷲所做的努力，從而使禿鷲以驚人的速度恢復(fù)生機。故選C。Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforitseemsthatmanypeopledon'tcookfishateatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasat,storing,andcookingfishisn'ttextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.fishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you'dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon'tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayorfishisn'tastastyasthefreshone.TherearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookFirst,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(調(diào)料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,it'sreadytoserve.notbuyit.easiestistosteamit.ishowyoucandoit.justrequiresalittleknowledge.fishwillgobadwithinhours.buyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.fatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文是說明文，介紹了如何用簡單的方法購買和烹制魚。解析：考查與首句語意的一致性。由5空后的句意表達轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，轉(zhuǎn)折前的句子在語意上應(yīng)該保持一致性，即說明吃魚對健康的益處。故選G。解析：考查句子承上啟下的作用。上句提到對魚的選購，儲存和烹飪不困難，下句提到如何用一種簡單的方法購買和烹制魚，故選D。解析：考查主題句。本段中第二，三句中圍繞如何通過嗅覺來鑒別魚是否新鮮。故選F。解析：考查段落中句子間語意的連貫性。上句提到濃烈的氣味說明魚已不新鮮，故不能買這種魚。據(jù)此可知A項正確。解析：考查段落中句子間語意的連貫性。本段的主題是如何烹制魚，介紹幾個步驟，故選