句子成分轉換的譯法Thehumanbodyhasaverycomplexorganization.譯①：人體有一個非常復雜的構造。譯②：人體的構造非常復雜。原主語humanbody轉換為定語“人體的”原賓語organization轉換成主語“構造”原文定語complex轉換成謂語“復雜”句子成分轉換所謂句子成分轉換的譯法，是把句子的某一成分（如主語）譯成另一成分（如賓語等）。在多數(shù)的情況下，詞類轉譯必然導致句子成分的轉譯，例如：當英語的動詞轉譯為漢語的名詞或者副詞時，該動詞的謂語成分就相應地轉譯為漢語的主語、賓語或狀語。成分轉換的目的是使譯文通順，符合漢語習慣。例如：Itisbecausetheboundingpropertiesofonepairofelectronsinthedoublebondarenotfullysatisfied.這是由于雙鍵上的一對電子不具有充分飽和的鍵合性質(zhì)。句中主語：“theboundingproperties”轉譯為賓語；句中定語：“onepairofelectrons”轉譯為主語；句中表語：“aresatisfied”轉譯為定語。主語的轉譯Thefollowingdefinitionsapplytothetermsusedinthisspecification.Organiccompoundsarenotsolubleinwaterbecausethereisnotendencyforwatertoseparatetheirmoleculesintoions.Methaneislessthanhalfasheavyawater.Whenacopperplateisputintothesulfuricacidelectrolyte(硫酸電解液),veryfewofitsatomsdissolve.主語的轉譯Thefollowingdefinitionsapplytothetermsusedinthisspecification.本說明所用的一些術語定義如下。（主語----謂語）Organiccompoundsarenotsolubleinwaterbecausethereisnotendencyforwatertoseparatetheirmoleculesintoions.有機化合物不溶于水，因為水沒有將它們的分子分離成離子的傾向。（主語----賓語）Methaneislessthanhalfasheavyawater.甲烷的密度不到水的一半。（主語----定語）Whenacopperplateisputintothesulfuricacidelectrolyte(硫酸電解液),veryfewofitsatomsdissolve.當將銅極片置于硫酸電解液中時，幾乎沒有銅原子溶解。（主語----狀語）謂語的轉譯Thus,anacidandabase(堿)reactinaprotontransferreaction.Thepastfewdecadeshavebeencharacterizedbyprodigiousexpansionofheorganic-chemicalindustry.Themeltingpointofalkanesareratherirregularatfirst,buttendtorisesomewhatsteadilyasthemoleculesbecomelarger.謂語的轉譯Thus,anacidandabase(堿)reactinaprotontransferreaction.因此，酸和堿的反應是一個質(zhì)子轉移的反應。（謂語----賓語）Thepastfewdecadeshavebeencharacterizedbyprodigiousexpansionofheorganic-chemicalindustry.過去數(shù)十年的特征是有機化學工業(yè)得到了驚人的發(fā)展。（謂語----主語）Themeltingpointofalkanesareratherirregularatfirst,buttendtorisesomewhatsteadilyasthemoleculesbecomelarger.烷烴的熔點起初很不規(guī)則，但隨著分子的增大，則有些穩(wěn)步上升的趨勢。（謂語----賓語）賓語的轉譯TNThashighexplosivepower.Itisassumedthatthereislittleifanyleakagethroughthecondensers.Lightmakesvisionpossible.賓語的轉譯TNThashighexplosivepower.(TNT=trinitrotoluene)TNT的爆炸力很大。（賓語----主語）Itisassumedthatthereislittleifanyleakagethroughthecondensers.可以設想，電容器即使漏電，也是很少的（賓語----主語）Lightmakesvisionpossible.有了光，才能看見東西。（賓語----謂語）表語的轉譯Matterisanythingthatoccupiesspace.Inthissensestructureanalysisiscommontomostorganicresearch.表語的轉譯Matterisanythingthatoccupiesspace.凡占有空間的都是物質(zhì)。（表語----主語）Inthissensestructureanalysisiscommontomostorganicresearch.從這個意義上講，結構分析普遍應用于大多數(shù)的有機研究。（表語----謂語）定語的轉譯Therearetwogroupsofmetals:puremetalsandtheiralloys.Manyfactorsenterintoequipmentreliability.Automaticmachineshavingmanyadvantagescanonlydothejobstheyhavebeen"told"todo.Benzenecanundergothetypicalsubstitutionreactionsofhalogenation,nitration,sulphonationandFriedel-Craftsreaction.(鹵化、硝化、磺化和傅氏反應)定語的轉譯Therearetwogroupsofmetals:puremetalsandtheiralloys.金屬有兩大類：純金屬及其合金。（定語----主語）Manyfactorsenterintoequipmentreliability.涉及設備可靠性的因素很多。（定語----謂語）Automaticmachineshavingmanyadvantagescanonlydothejobstheyhavebeen"told"todo.自動化機器雖然有很多優(yōu)點，但它們只能干人們“吩咐”它們要干的事情。（定語----謂語）Benzenecanundergothetypicalsubstitutionreactionsofhalogenation,nitration,sulphonationandFriedel-Craftsreaction.苯可以進行典型的取代反應，如鹵化、硝化、磺化和傅氏反應。（定語----同位語）狀語的轉譯Whenoxidesofnitrogenareabsorbedinwatertogivenitricacid,achemicalreactionoccurs.Whenaspringistightlystretchered,itisreadytodowork.TNTissimpleandrelativelysafetomanufacture.Inthesimplestchemicalcelltheelectrolyteisasolutionofsulfuricacidinwater.Theattractiveforcebetweenthemoleculesisnegligiblysmall.狀語的轉譯Whenoxidesofnitrogenareabsorbedinwatertogivenitricacid,achemicalreactionoccurs.當水吸收氮氧化物形成硝酸時，就發(fā)生了化學反應。（狀語----主語）Whenaspringistightlystretchered,itisreadytodowork.拉緊的彈簧隨時可以做功。（狀語從句----主語）TNTissimpleandrelativelysafetomanufacture.制造TNT簡單而且比較安全。（狀語----謂語）Inthesimplestchemicalcelltheelectrolyteisasolutionofsulfuricacidinwater.在最簡單的化學電池內(nèi)，電解液是硫酸的水溶液。（狀語----定語）Theattractiveforcebetweenthemoleculesisnegligiblysmall.分子間的吸引力小得可以忽略不計。（狀語----補語）

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