英語教學(xué)課件系列Goforit!八年級(下)Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.SectionA1aLookatthethingsattheyardsale.Doyouhaveanyofthesethingsathome?Howlonghaveyouhadthem?LanguageGoal:Talkaboutpossessionsandthingsaroundyou.1bListenandcheck(?)thefactsyouhear.____Jeff’sfamilyishavingayardsale.____Amythinksitshardtosellheroldthings.____ Jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years.____Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecause

theybringbacksweetmemories. ____Youcanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeople

inneed.???1cPracticetheconversation.Thenmakeconversationsaboutotherthingsinthepictureabove.A:Thisisareallyoldbook.B:Yes,I’vehaditforsevenyears.I’vereaditthreetimes.A:Whyareyousellingit?B:BecauseIdon’treaditanymore.A:Howmuchisit?B:Youcanhaveitfor75cents.2aListenandcheck(?)thethingsAmy'sfamilyaregivingawayandcirclethethingstheyarekeeping.bookmagazinetoybeartoyliontoytigerbreadmaker sweaterdress hat scarf ??????2bListenagainandfillintheblanks.Amyhashadherfavorite_____forthreeyears.2.Amyhashadthetoy______sinceshewasa_______.3.Amy’smomhashadtheoldbreadmakerformorethan______years,4.Amycangiveawaythe_______and______becausetheydonotfitheranymore.bookbearababytensweaterdressA:Amy,canwegiveawaythesesofttoys?B:Mom,Iwanttokeepthebear.A:Why?It’ssoold.B:BecauseI’vehaditsinceIwasababy.2cStudentAisAmy'smom.StudentBisAmy.Makeconversations.2dRole-playtheconversation.Linda:WelcometotheSunshineHomeforChildren.I’mLinda.Amy:Hi,I’mAmy.Ihavesomethingsforthekids.I’vehadthismagazineforacouple

ofmonths.Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,buttheyrestillinteresting.Linda:Great!Manychildrenherelovereading.Amy:Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.I’vehadthemsinceIwasachild.There’salsoasweaterandadress.Linda:Perfect!Wealwaysneedtoysandclothes.Amy:Onelastthingisabreadmaker.Mymomshaditforalongtimebutitstillworks.Linda:Thankssomuch!3aReadthearticlewrittenbyafatherforanewspaper.Whatishisfamilygoingtosellattheyardsale?Mychildrenaregrowingupfast.Mydaughteris16andmyboyisalreadyinjuniorhighschool.Astheygetbiggerourhouseseemstogetsmaller.Sowewanttosellsomeofourthingsinayardsaleandgivethemoneytoachildren’shome.Wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.Mysonwasquitesadatfirst.Althoughhehasnotplayedwithhisoldtoysforalongtime,hestillwantedtokeepthem.Forexample,hehasownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.Andhedidnotwanttolosehistoymonkey,either.Hesleptnexttothemonkeyeverynightwhenhewasachild.Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.Asforme,Ididnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilenow.Iamgettingolder,too!3bReadthearticleagainandanswerthequestions.1.Whydidtheydecidetohaveayardsale?2.Whatdotheywanttodowiththemoneyfromthesale?3.Whydoesthesonwanttokeephistrainandrailwayset?4.Howcantheoldtoysbeusefulagain?5.Haveyoueverthoughtabouthavingayardsaletosellyourthings?Whatwouldyoudowiththemoneyyouraise?Whydidtheydecidetohaveayardsale?2.Whatdotheywanttodowiththemoneyfromthesale?3.Whydoesthesonwanttokeephistrainandrailwayset?Astheirchildrengetbiggertheirhouseseemstogetsmaller.Theywanttogavethemoneytoachildren’shome.Becausehehasownedthetrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.4.Howcantheoldtoysbeusefulagain?5.Haveyoueverthoughtabouthavingayardsaletosellyourthings?Whatwouldyoudowiththemoneyyouraise?Theycangiveawaytheoldtoystopeopleinneedorsellthemformoney.Students’answers.3cFindthewordsorphrasesinthearticlewhichcanbereplacedwiththeonesbelowandwritethemnexttothewords.lose—________kids—________truthful—__________many—________sometime—________eventhough—_______quickly—______older—______partwithchildrentobehonestalotofforawhilealthoughfastbigger1.Lookatthethingsattheyardsale.yardsale

庭院舊貨出售這是國外的一種風(fēng)俗，也是一種獨(dú)特的售貨方式。人們利用周末，將家中擱置不用的物件放在自家庭院中廉價(jià)出售，因而被稱作yardsale，也可譯作“庭院拍賣會(huì)”。Languagepoints庭院售賣的物品種類繁多，應(yīng)有盡有，大到家具、電器，小到玩具、衣物和鞋帽。這些物品雖多數(shù)為二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且價(jià)錢合理公道，甚至還可討價(jià)還價(jià)正是這種低廉、公道的價(jià)格及買家淘寶和碰大運(yùn)的心理，使得yardsale廣受歡迎，逐漸演變成一種獨(dú)特的文化現(xiàn)象。副詞anymore亦可寫作anymore，常用于否定句的末尾，意思是“再（不）；(不）再”。not???anymore相當(dāng)于not???anylonger，2.BecauseIdon’treaditanymore.

因?yàn)槲也辉倏此?。例如：Youcanhaveit,forIdon’tneeditanymore.你可以把它拿走，因?yàn)槲也辉傩枰?。Thedoctortoldmenottoplaycomputergamesanymore.大夫叫我別再玩電腦游戲了。3.BecauseI’vehaditsinceIwasababy.

因?yàn)槲疫€是個(gè)嬰兒的時(shí)候就擁有它了。since(自從……）常常引導(dǎo)短語或從句，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中。since引出從句時(shí)，從句中一般使用過去時(shí)。再如：I’vehadthesesofttoyssinceIwasachild.我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候就有這些毛絨玩具了。Sincethatunfortunateaccidentlastweek,Ihaven'tbeensleepingatallwell.自從上周發(fā)生了那次不幸的事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。4.I’vehadthismagazineforacouple

ofmonths.

這本雜志我買了幾個(gè)月了。1）acoupleof

有兩種意思：其一，表示具體的數(shù)量“兩個(gè)”，指兩個(gè)相同的人或物體；其二，表示數(shù)量不定的“少數(shù)幾個(gè)”，作這種虛指的用法時(shí)，具體意思往往視上下文和具體的語境而決定。例如：Youhavetowaitforacoupleofhoursfortheclothestodrycompletely.你得等上一兩個(gè)小時(shí)讓這些衣服完全干燥。Look!Thereareacoupleofboyswaitingforyouatthedoor.瞧!門口有兩三個(gè)男孩正在等你。2）介詞for也常用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中，后面引出表示時(shí)間的詞或短語，說明某種情況已經(jīng)持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間。再如：Jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years.杰夫已經(jīng)擁有他的自行車超過10年了。5.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.

我們決定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。(1)此句中wenolongeruse是由that引導(dǎo)的定

語從句，修飾前面的名詞fivethings。(2)句中nolonger的意思是“不再；不復(fù)”，有時(shí)可用not...anylonger或not...anymore替換。再如：Henolongerliveshere.(=Hedoesn'tlivehereanymore/anylonger.)他不再住這兒了。3)each在句中對we進(jìn)行限定，表示“(兩個(gè)或

兩個(gè)以上的人或物中）各自；每個(gè)”。

再如：MysisterandIeachhaveanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.我和姐姐各有一本英漢詞典。tobehonest是英語口語中一個(gè)常用表達(dá)，表示“說實(shí)話；老實(shí)說”。英語中類似的表達(dá)還有：tobefrank,意思是“坦率地說”。例如：Tobehonest,Idon’tlikehimverymuch.老實(shí)說，我不太喜歡他。Tobeperfectlyfrank,Ithinkthat’sacrazyidea.坦白相告，我認(rèn)為那是個(gè)荒唐的主意。6.…but,tobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilenow.

但是,說實(shí)在的,現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間沒玩了。Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?I'vehaditforthreeyears.Howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset? He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven'tplayedforawhilenow.GrammarFocusfor和since在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的應(yīng)用for與since都能與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，但區(qū)別較大：（1）for后須接“時(shí)間段”

HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears.

他學(xué)英語5年了。（2）since后須接“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”

HehasstudiedEnglishsince1999.

他從1999年開始學(xué)英語。（3）二者可以轉(zhuǎn)換

for+一段時(shí)間=since+一段時(shí)間+agoHehasbeenhereforfiveweeks.=Hehasbeenheresincefiveweeksago.

他到這兒已經(jīng)有五個(gè)星期了。如：HehastaughtheresincehecametoChina.自從他來到中國就在這兒教書。Wehavebeenfriendssincewemetinschool.我們從在學(xué)校見面起就成為了好朋友。(4)since能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句(主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí))，而for則不能。（5）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用句型：①Itis(hasbeen)+時(shí)間段+since+時(shí)間狀語或從句ItisfourdayssincelastFriday.從上周五到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)四天了。IthasbeentwoyearssinceJimcametoBeijing.吉姆來北京已經(jīng)兩年了。②Thisisthefirst(second…)timethat+從句

句型中的that從句通常使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：ThisisthefirsttimethatJennyandDannyhavebeentoChina.這是珍妮和丹妮第一次來屮國。ThisisthethirdtimethatIhaveseenKaren.這是我第三次見到Karen。（6）均須與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以與非延

續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定式連用。如:Ihaveboughtthiscomputersincefouryearsago.(×)Ihavehadthiscomputersincefouryearsago.(√)Ihaven’tboughtanythingfortwomonths.(√)Ihaven'theardfromhimfor3weeks.(√)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換leave—beawayborrow—keepbuy—havebegin/start—beondie—bedeadfinish---beoveropensth—keepsthopenfallill—beillgetup—beup,comehere—behere,join—beon+組織機(jī)構(gòu)

/beamember組織機(jī)構(gòu),gothere—bethere,become—be,comeback—beback,fallasleep—beasleep,

getto/arrive/reach—be(in),leave—beawayfrom,gettoknow—know,go(get)out—tieout，puton—wear,catchacold—haveacold,getmarried—bemarried等。Theoldmandied4yearsago.—Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.—Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.—HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.Iboughtthebook5daysago.—Ihavehadthebookfor5days.如：（7）二者引出的時(shí)間狀語往往用howlong提問。—Howlonghaveyouhadthisbook?

這本書你買多久了?—Foraweek./Sinceaweekago.

買一周了。JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.__________________________________2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.________________________________________________________________4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.Theyareveryhungrybecausetheyhaven’thadtheirmealfortenhours.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009._______________________________4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.___________________________________5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.____________________________________Ihavehadacamerasince2009.IhaveknownAnnaforthreeyears.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.1.I______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_______________ (neverown)anypets,butthey____________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.3.We__________(have)apianosincelastNovember.We_________(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedalwayswanthavehadbought4.CathyandAmy_____________(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They______(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.5.Thismuseum__________(be)hereforover20years.It_____(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.haven’tbeenmisshasbeenis4cFillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.1.Doyouhavea(n)_________?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)__________?Howlonghaveyouownedit?ThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookfortwoyearsbasketballsincehewas10yearsoldstudent1student2Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.SectionB______amuseum ____aprimaryschool ___abridge____azoo ____apark____ahill____alibrary ____ariver1aCheck(?)theplacesorthingsyoucanfindinyourtownorcity.DoesMartinlikeJenny’shometown?2.DoesJennystillliveinherhometown?1bListenandanswerthequestions. No,Shedoesn’t.She’sbeenawayforthepastfewyears.Yes,HethinksJenny’shometownisreallybeautiful.3.Whatisbehindthesciencemuseum?WhatdopeopledothereonweekendsThere’sareallybigparkbehindthemuseum.Manyfamiliesgothereonweekendstoletthekidsrunaroundandclimbthehills.1cListenagainandfillinthechartabouttheplacesinJennyshometown.PlaceNeworold?Howlonghasitbeenthere?townlibrarysciencemuseum restaurantdownthestreetoldaroundhundredsofyearsnewsincelastAugustoldaroundforaslongasIcanrememberA:Mycityislovely.B:Whataresomeofthespecialplacesthere?A:Well,there’saconcerthallthere.It’sbeenaroundforatleast20years.1dTalkaboutyourtown/citywithapartner.1.WhydomillionsofChineseleavethecountrysideeveryyear?2aAnswerthequestionsbeforeyouread.Thenreadthepassagetofindoutifyouranswersarethesameasinthepassage.MillionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities.2.Howoftendoyouthinkthesepeoplevisittheirhometowns?3.Whatnewbuildingsdoesthegovernmentusuallybuildintownsandvillages?Theymayonlyvisittheirhometownsonceortwiceayear.Somepeopleevenhavenotimetoreturnhome.Largehospitals,newroads,newschools,parksandsoon.UsingPreviousKnowledgeWecanoftenguesswhatatextisaboutbyusingwhatwealreadyknow.Answeringquestionsbeforewereadcanalsohelpusdothis.Somepeoplestillliveintheirhometown.However,othersmayonlyseeitonceortwiceayear.Nowadays,millionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities.AmongtheseisZhongWei,a46-year-oldHometownFeelingshusbandandfather.HehaslivedinWenzhouforthelast13years.Withahardjobinacrayonfactory,hedoesn’tfindmuchtimetovisithishometown.“Iusedtoreturnhomeatleastonceayear,butIhaven'tbeenbackforalmostthreeyearsnow.Itsashame,butIjustdon’thavethetime,”hesays.ManypeoplelikeZhongWeiregardwithgreatinteresthowtheirhometownshavechanged.Perhapslargehospitalsandnewroadshaveappeared.Inmanyplaces,thegovernmenthasalsobuiltnewschoolsandsentteachersfromthecitiestohelp.“Inoticedthat’strueofmyhometown,”addsZhongWei.“Childrenhavelearnedtoreadandcountatmyoldprimaryschoolsincethemid-20thcentury.Butnowthebuildingsarereallyold.Iheartheyregoingtobuildanewschoolthere.”ZhongWeithinkssuchdevelopmentsaregood,andhealsoknowsthathishometowncannotalwaysstaythesame.AccordingtoZhongWei,however,somethingswillneverchange.“Inmyhometown,therewasabigoldtreeoppositetheschool.Itisstillthereandhasbecomequiteasymboloftheplace.Mostofthechildreninmytimelikedtoplaytogetherunderthatbigtree,especiallyduringthesummerholidays.Itwassuchahappychildhood.Ourhometownhasleftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.”It’sashame,butljustdon’thavethetime…

實(shí)在是遺憾，但我就是沒句吋間… It’sashame.

是一種常見的口語表達(dá)，表示一種不如人愿的情形（anunhappysituation),相當(dāng)于漢語中“真遺憾；多可惜啊”的意思。It’sashame...之后還可接不定式或由that引導(dǎo)的從句。例如：LanguagepointsA:Ididn’thaveenoughmoneytobuytheguitarIwanted。

我沒有足夠的錢，買不了我想要的吉他。B:It’sashame!真是遺憾呀！It’sashametocoverthisbeautifultablewithatablecloth.把這張漂亮的桌子用桌布蓋起來真是可惜。It’sashamethatyouhavetoleavesosoon.真遺憾你這么快就要走了。shame還可表示“(因做錯(cuò)事而感到的）羞愧；慚愧”，例如：Hisfaceburnedwithshame.他的臉因羞愧而發(fā)燙。2bFindexpressionsinthepassagethathavethesamemeaningsasthesewordsandphrases.1.lookfor _________ 2.consider_________ 3.acrossfrom__________ 4.inone’sopinion_______________

5.goback_______6.changes_____________7.area_____________ searchforthinkoppositeaccordingtosb.returndevelopmentsplace2cCompletethesummarywithwordsfromthepassage.Youmayneedtochangetheformsofthewords.ManyChinesepeoplethesedaysleavetheir__________toworkinthe________.Theyusually____________totheirhometownsoneortwotimesa______.ZhongWeihasn’tbeenbackinclosetothreeyears.Hehasbeenworkingina_________ factoryinWenzhouforthepast13years.hometownscitiescomebackyearcrayonPeoplelikehimare__________ _inhowtheirhometownsarechanging.Newbuildingsareoftenbuiltbythe___________ .ZhongWeithinksthesechangesare_______becausethingsneedtochangeinordertobecomebetter.Buthealsothinkssomethings___________change,andhishometownisstilltheplacethatholdsallhischildhood___________.interestedgovernmentgoodwillnevermemories2dThinkofchangesthatarehappeninginyourtownorcitytoday.Whichchangesaregenerallygood?Whichchangescouldbeseenasbad?1.Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Howdidyougetit?Didsomeonegiveittoyou