GrammarUnit8DetectivestoriesLead-in1.…whetherthevictimwaskilledsomewhereelseandthenbroughttoWestTown,orkilledattheplacewherehewasfound.2.We’reaskinganyonewhosawanythingunusualnearCornStreetlastnighttocontactus.3.We’renowcheckingthesceneformoreclueswhichwillhelpsolvethecase.4.…foranyinformationthatleadstothearrestofthemurderer.5.Anyonewhocanprovideusefulinformationshouldcontactthepolice.Presentation在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。Ilikethepencil.(Whichone?)Thepencilcostme5yuan.Ilikethepencil.Thepencilcostme5yuan.which/that↑先行詞

↑關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系代詞就是用來代替先行詞的

which/that

=thepencil先行詞：是被定語從句所修飾的詞，通常是名詞或代詞。關(guān)系代詞：是引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞，在從句中替代先行詞。注意：從句必須緊跟在先行詞后。先行詞（名詞/代詞）+關(guān)系代詞（who//which/that)+定語從句….定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)Theboywhoisplayingping-pongismyclassmate.HelpMilliedecidewhethertheycontaindefiningrelativeclauses.Underlinethedefiningrelativeclauses.1.Theyoungmanmentionedthathewasgoingtovisithisparentsafterwork.2.Theelderlycouplewereverysadtohearthattheironlysonwasmurdered.3.Thepolicearenowcheckingthesceneforfingerprintsandothercluesthatmayhelpsolvethecase.4.Therewasprobablymorethanonepersonwhohadsomethingtodowiththemurder.5.AmanwhohadbloodonhisshirtwasseenrunningdownCornStreet.6.Peoplehopethatthepolicewillcatchthemurderersoon.__________________________________________________________________被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞引出。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,which,that,whom,whose等，以及關(guān)系副詞where,when,why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中擔(dān)任句子成分。常見的關(guān)系代詞有who,which和that。他們所代替的先行詞是表示人或物的名詞或代詞，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。1.關(guān)系代詞who指人，在定語從句中做主語或賓語。e.g.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.關(guān)系代詞which指物，在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語。e.g.Thisisthefridgewhichheboughtyesterday.3.關(guān)系代詞that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。當(dāng)其在定語從句中做賓語時(shí)可省略。e.g.Marylikesmusicthatisquietandnice.Usewho,whichorthattohelpthemcompletetheirsentences.Simon:EdgarAllenPoewastheman(1)___________

firstwrotedetectivesstoriesinEnglish.Millie:Japanesewriteshavewrittensomegreatstories

(2)____________requirereaderstocheckevery

tinydetailforpossiblecluestothecriminalcases.Daniel:SherlockHolmesisacharacter(3)____________

wascreatedbyArthurConanDoyleasamaster

atsolvingcrimes.Suzy:Conanisadetective(4)__________appearsina

cartoonseriespopularamongteenagersallover

theworld.Kitty:AgathaChristiewasafemalewriter(5)_________

isconsideredthequeenofcrimenovels.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwho/thatwho/thatHelpMilliecompletethesentencesusingrelativeclauses.1.Ayoungmanwasmurderedyesterday./Hewassingle.Ayoungman_____________________wasmurderedyesterday.2.AknifewasfoundinarubbishbinnearCornStreet./Itwascoveredinblood.Aknife____________________________wasfoundinarubbishbinnearCornStreet.3.Weneedinformation./It’llhelpsolvethecase.Weneedinformation____________________________.4.Here’sadrawingoftheperson./Hemightbethemurdereroftheyoungman.Hereisthedrawingoftheperson_______________________________________________.who/thatwassinglewhich/thatwascoveredinbloodwhich/thatwillhelpsolvethecasewho/thatmightbethemurdereroftheyoungmanAfewdayslater,Millieistellingherdadaboutthemurder.Completetheconversationwithwho,whichorthatandtheexpressionsinthebox.isnotallowedbythelawhisbosshadcommittedkilledtheyoungmanwasseenrunningdownthestreetDad:HastherebeenanyprogressintheWestTown

murdercase,Millie?Millie:Yes.Theperson____________________________

washisboss!Dad:Really?Whydidhedoit?Millie:Thebossdidsomething_____________________

________.Thevictimwantedtoreportthecrime

_____________________________tothepolice.who/thatkilledtheyoungmanwhich/thatisn’tallowedbythelawwhich/thathisbosshadcommittedDad:Howterrible!Whatabouttheman____________

______________________________.Millie:Well,itturnedoutthathehadnothingtodo

withthiscase.Heworksinameatmarketand

thebloodonhisshirtwasfromkillinghensand

ducks.Hewasinahurrytocatchabus!who/thatwasseenrunningdownthestreetthat和which在指物的情況下一般都可互換，但在下列情況下，一般用that而不用which。1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)。e.g.Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)。e.g.I’vereadallthebooksthat

arenotmine.3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thisisthefirstbookthathehasread.4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.Conclusionthat既指人又指物，作主語或賓語。that指人時(shí)相當(dāng)于who或whom，指物時(shí)相當(dāng)于which。which指物，作主語或賓語。who指人，在從句中作主語或賓語。whom指人，在從句中作賓語。that,which,whom在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，可省去。Usefulphrasesandexpressions1.theelderlycouple老年夫婦2.havesomethingtodowith…和……有關(guān)

havenothingtodowith…

和……無關(guān)3.writedetectivestoriesinEnglish用英語寫偵探故事4.requiresb.todosth.需要某人做某事5.criminalcases刑事案件6.rundownthestreet沿著街道跑7.turnout原來是，結(jié)果是8.beinahurrytodosth.=hurrytodosth.

匆忙做某事Exercises1.Haveyoufoundthebook_____youwant?A.who B.that C.where D.when2.Idon’tknowthegirl____iswearingapairofglasses.

A.which

B.whoC.where D.when3.Themachine_____Ihavelookedafterfortwentyyearsisstillworkingwell.

A.who B.where C.when D.which4.Being