山西省朔州市十二中學(xué)2022年高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.—Whendidthecomputercrash?

—Thismorning,whileI______thereadingmaterialsdownloadedfromsomewebsites.

A.havesorted

B.wassorting

C.amsorting

D.hadsorted參考答案：B略2.ToimprovespokenEnglish,Lucy_____atleastonehoureachdaytoreciteEnglishtexts.A.setsoff

B.setsaside

C.setsforth

D.setsby參考答案：B3.Foralongtime,theywalkedwithoutsaying

word.Jimwasthefirsttobreak

silence.

A.the,a

B.a,/

C.a,the

D.the./參考答案：C4.---Sorry,Ihaveto_______now．It’stimeforclass．---OK,I’llcallbacklater．A．hangup

B．breakup

C．giveup

D．holdup參考答案：A5.Wehopethatthemeasurestocontrolthestockmarket,____aretakenbythegovernment,willwork.A.that

B.where

C.which

D.what參考答案：C

6._____thatthereisanothergoodharvestthisyear.

A.Itsays

B.Itissaid

C.Itwassaid

D.Hewassaid參考答案：B略7.---Whatshallwedo?Thebushasn’tcomeyet.Shallwewalk?---We___________.It’sfinedayandIdon’twanttowaitforanotherhour.A.mightaswell

B.maydo

C.walktogether

D.hadbettergoonwalking

參考答案：A略8.Inmyopinion,keepingdogsshouldnotbebanned,but__________tocertainareas.A.limited

B.limiting

C.tolimit

D.tobelimited參考答案：A9.______withallsortsofaffairs,themanagerhadlittletimetohaveagoodsleep.A.Occupying

B.Beingoccupied

C.Occupied

D.Havingoccupied參考答案：C【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：由于經(jīng)理忙于各種事務(wù)，幾乎沒有時間好好睡一覺?！敖?jīng)理”和“占用”之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作原因狀語，故選C。10.Youmustlearntoconsiderallpossibleresults

youbegintocarryoutyourplan.A、although B、before C、because D、unless參考答案：B11.Ican’tbelievethattherestaurant,________Ihaveeatensuchwonderfulmeals,isgoingtoclosedown.A.when

B.why

C.where

D.which參考答案：C12.Manydifficulties______whenDaisyhelpedendangeredspeciesofwildlife.A.risen

B.arose

C.raised

D.rose參考答案：B13.Thecharitysaleourschoolorganizeseveryyearhastaughtusmuch._______wewouldnever

havelearneditinclass.

A.Therefore B.Meanwhile C.Otherwise D.Instead參考答案：C14.----Mum,we’vesearchedatleast5stores,butstillcannotfindonethatsuitsmytaste.----Bepatient,dear.____________.A.Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.

B.One’smeatisanotherman’spoison.C.Abadworkmanalwaysblameshistool.

D.Thelionisnotsofierceasheispainted.參考答案：A【詳解】考查諺語。句意：—媽媽，我們已經(jīng)逛了至少5家店了，但仍然沒有找到適合我們品味的?！托狞c，好魚游在水底。B項意為“蘿卜青菜各有所愛”，C項意為“拙匠總怪工具差”，D項傳聞常常言過其實。BCD三項與語境不符。A項表示好的東西在后面，符合上下文語境。故選A項。15.ThemovieCocowrapstwo_______themes—pursuingdreams,andhowwerememberlovedones—inacolor1ful,culturallyspecificpackage.A.contemporary B.religious C.historical

D.universal 參考答案：D16.Notonce________toMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.

A.occurredit B.itdidoccur

C.itoccurred

D.diditoccur參考答案：D略二、填空17.Ants:mastercooperatorsMillionsofantslivetogetherinacolony,buttheydon’tcompete,getconfused,orbecomedisorganized.Theybehaveinanamazingorderlymanneratalltimes.Somescientistsrefertoantsas‘super-organisms’becausetheyliveinsuchhighlyorganizedsocietiesthatworktogethertosurvive.Thewayantsliveandworktogetherhasmadethemoneofthemostimportantcreaturesontheplanet.Ants,likebees,belongtoaclassofeusocialinsects.Eusocialinsectsarebrokenintogroupswithintheircommunity,andeachgrouphasaspecialjobtododependingontheneedsofthecommunity.Therearethreebasicgroupsinanantcolony:queens,soldiers,andworkers.Queensarethelargestants,andtheironlyjobistoreproduce—theylayalloftheeggsthatwilleventuallybecomesoldiersandworkers.Soldiersareresponsibleforprotectingthecolonyandfindingnewplacesfornests.Workerantshavemanyjobswithinthecommunity,includingcaringfortheeggsandyoungants,huntingforfoodandmaintainingthenest.Somescientistsarestudyinghowantscanleadtoabetterunderstandingoflaborissues,socialclass,andtheuseofnatureresourcesinhumancommunities.Antshavehadmillionsofyearsofpracticeinworkingtogethertosurviveandgrow.Foracolonytofunctionsuccessfully,antshavetocooperate,fromwhichpeoplecanlearnalot.Researchershopethatgatheringinformationabouthowantslivetogetherincommunitiescanhelppeoplelearntocooperateandcompromisewitheachother.However,othersarguethattherearefundamentaldifferencesbetweenantsandhumansthatmeanhumansocietiesareunlikelyevertoattainant-likelevelsofcollaboration.Forexample,antsinacolonydon’tcompetewitheachother.Whentheyareshortoffoodinthecolony,someworkerantsautomaticallybecome‘feeder’antsandfeedotherswiththefoodintheirstomach,regardlessoftheirusualjob.Whenthefoodsupplyisreplenished,theybecomeworkerantsagain.Inaddition,antsareabletoworktogetherwithoutaleadergivingthemdirections.Despitetheirnames,queenantsarenotleaders.Instead,antsfindoutwhattheyneedtodofromtheirsenseofsmell.Researchonharvesterantspasseachother,theypickupachemicalsmellwhichtellsthemwhattheotherantisdoing.Thenumberofantstheypassdoingaparticularjobdetermineswhattheyneedtodo.Itisaformofcommunication,butunlikehumancommunicationithasnocontent;itisjustbasedonnumbers.Whileantsundoubtedlyhaveagreatdealtoteachusaboutorganizationandthestructureofnetworks,thosesearchingforagreaterunderstandingofhumanbehaviourandmoralsmayneedtolooksomewhere.Ants:mastercooperatorsMain___51___Theylivetogetherincolonywithoutcompetitions,___52___orbeingdisorganized.Thewaytheyworktogetherfor___53___

livinginhighlyorganizedsocietiesmakesthemuniqueontheplanet.Threegroups,includingqueens,soldiersandworkersinanantcolonyhaveaspecialjob,___54___theneedsofthecommunity.___55___ofstudyingantsIthelpspeopleunderstandlaborissues,socialclass,andtheuseofnaturalresourcesbetter.Antsare___56___inworkingtogethertosurviveandgrow,helpingpeoplerunthecommunitiessmoothly.Ithelpspeoplelearntocooperateand___57___witheachother.DifferencesbetweenantsandhumansFor___58___offood,someworkerantsautomaticallybecome‘feeder’ants.___59___ants,humanshaveleadersgivingpeopledirections.SuggestionResearchersshouldhavedifferent___60___inunderstandinghumanbehaviourandmorals.

參考答案：51.features/characteristics

52.confusion

53.survival

54.determining

55.Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits

56.experienced

57.compromise

58.shortage/lack

59.Unlike

60.angles本文是一篇說明文。通過對螞蟻的研究了解了它們的特點以及與人類之間的關(guān)系。螞蟻共同生活和工作的方式使它們成為地球上最重要的生物之一。毫無疑問，螞蟻可以教給我們很多關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的組織和結(jié)構(gòu)的知識，但是那些想要更好地理解人類行為和道德的人可能需要從別處尋找答案。【51題詳解】根據(jù)下面表格內(nèi)容可知是在講螞蟻的“特點”，故答案為features/characteristics【52題詳解】根據(jù)第一段中Millionsofantslivetogetherinacolony,buttheydon’tcompete,getconfused,orbecomedisorganized.可知此空答案為confusion?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)第一段中Somescientistsrefertoantsas‘super-organisms’becausetheyliveinsuchhighlyorganizedsocietiesthatworktogethertosurvive.可知，survival?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)第二段中eachgrouphasaspecialjobtododependingontheneedsofthecommunity.可知，答案為determining?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)第三段第一句Somescientistsarestudyinghowantscanleadtoabetterunderstandingoflaborissues,socialclass,andtheuseofnatureresourcesinhumancommunities.可知文章在講研究螞蟻的“好處”，故答案為Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)第三段中Antshavehadmillionsofyearsofpracticeinworkingtogethertosurviveandgrow.可知答案為experienced。【57題詳解】根據(jù)第三段最后一句howantslivetogetherincommunitiescanhelppeoplelearntocooperateandcompromisewitheachother.可知答案為compromise?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)第四段中Whentheyareshortoffoodinthecolony,someworkerantsautomaticallybecome‘feeder’antsandfeedotherswiththefoodintheirstomach,可知答案為shortage/lack?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)第五段第一句Inaddition,antsareabletoworktogetherwithoutaleadergivingthemdirections.可知答案為Unlike?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)最后一段Whileantsundoubtedlyhaveagreatdealtoteachusaboutorganizationandthestructureofnetworks,thosesearchingforagreaterunderstandingofhumanbehaviourandmoralsmayneedtolooksomewhere.可知答案為angles。18.Acastleisatypeoffortified（加固的）structure

61

(build)inEuropeandtheMiddleEastduringtheMiddleAges.Thisisdifferentfromapalace

62

isnotfortified,thoughtherearealargenumberof

63

(similarity)amongthesetypesofconstruction.Sincethenusageoftheterm

64

(apply)todiversestructures.TheEuropeancastles

65

(origin)inthe9thand10thcenturies,resultinginitslanddividedamongnobles,whobuiltcastlestocontrolthearea

66

(surround)them.Thecastleswerealso

67

(defense)structures.Althougharmyusesareoftenemphasizedincastlestudies,thestructuresalsoserved

68

centersofadministrationandsymbolsofpower.Urbancastleswere

69

(usual)usedtocontrolthelocalpeopleandimportanttravelroutes,

70

ruralcastleswereoftenbuiltnearfarmland.參考答案：61.built62.which/that63.similarities64.hasbeenapplied65.originated66.surrounding67.defensive

68.as

69.usually70.and/while試題分析：本文講述歐洲城堡的歷史及其功能的變化。67.defensive

形容詞修飾名詞，故填defensive。68.as

固定詞組：serveas充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任，故填as。69.usually

副詞修飾動詞，故填usually。70.and/while

此處指的是城市城堡和農(nóng)村城堡，即可表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系也可表示比較關(guān)系，故填and/while。【名師點撥】含as的動詞短語【例句】Heactedaschairmaninmyabsence.我不在時他擔(dān)任主席。Heservesasawaiterinarestaurant.他在一家餐館里當(dāng)服務(wù)員。三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

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