5/5情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞數(shù)量不多,但用途廣泛,初中考點(diǎn)主要有：can(could),may(might),must,need,shall(should),will(would)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特征：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有詞義但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不受主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)的限制,不隨人稱和數(shù)的改變。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后可直接+not構(gòu)成否認(rèn),可放于句首構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)。1．can和could的用法can(could)表示=1\*GB3①“能力〞、Icanplaytheguitar.=2\*GB3②“許可〞youcangonow.=3\*GB3③“可能性〞Lucymaybehere.等。could為can的過(guò)去式。=4\*GB3④表示請(qǐng)求時(shí),could比can更婉轉(zhuǎn)〔屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍〕。如：CanIuseyourbike？我可以用你的自行車嗎？[注意]can和could只能用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài),將來(lái)時(shí)中用beableto,beableto所用的時(shí)態(tài)比can、could廣。另外can't可表示否認(rèn)推測(cè)“不可能〞。如：That______beMrWang.HehasgonetoBeijing.那肯定不是王老師,他已經(jīng)去北京了。2．may和might的用法may(might)意為=1\*GB3①“可以〞,表示說(shuō)話人同意、許可或請(qǐng)求對(duì)方許可MayIuseyourpen?,=2\*GB3②也可表示祝愿。Maygodblessyou!=3\*GB3③may表允許用于肯定句中Youmaygonow.may的否認(rèn)式為maynot。might是may的過(guò)去式,有兩種用法：一種表示過(guò)去式；一種表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣,使語(yǔ)氣更加委婉、客氣,或表示可能性更小。如：______Iuseyourpen?我可以用你的鋼筆嗎？Youmayputonmoreclothes.你可以多穿衣服。Mayyoubehappy.祝你開(kāi)心。MightIborrowsomemoneynow?我現(xiàn)在可以借點(diǎn)錢嗎？Hemightbealive.他可能還活著。May和might表推測(cè),比擬小的不太有把握的推測(cè)。用于肯定句中。Hemaycometomorrow,butI’mnotsure.注意：may構(gòu)成的一般疑問(wèn)句防止用yes,youmay.以免顯得不客氣。MayIgonow?_Yes,please./Pleasedon’t./否認(rèn)No,youcan’t.3．must的用法must=1\*GB3①意為“必須,應(yīng)該,一定,準(zhǔn)是〞,表示說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為有必要做某事,命令、要求別人做某事以及對(duì)事物的推測(cè)。must用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去式可用haveto的過(guò)去式代替。如：I______finishmyworktoday.我今天必須完成我的工作。=2\*GB3②否認(rèn)式mustn’t表“嚴(yán)禁、禁止〞含義。Youmustn'tdriveafterdrinking.你絕不能酒后駕車。(1)must和haveto的區(qū)別：must表示說(shuō)話人的主觀意愿；haveto表示客觀需要haveto的否認(rèn)形式和疑問(wèn)式要借助助動(dòng)詞do。如：Imustdomyhomeworkfirst.我必須首先做家庭作業(yè)。Itisraininghardoutside;I______stayathome.外面雨下得很大,我不得不待在家里。(2)答復(fù)must的提問(wèn)①肯定答復(fù)：Yes,…must.如：—MustIgohomenow?—Yes,youmust.“我必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎？〞“是的,你必須。〞②否認(rèn)答復(fù)：No,…needn't./No,…don't/doesn'thaveto.如：—MustIgohomenow？—No,you______________.“我必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎？〞“不,沒(méi)必要。〞(3)must可以表示肯定推測(cè),意為“一定〞。比may的可能性大如：Themanmustbeourteacher.那個(gè)人一定是我們的老師。4．need的用法(1)need表示“需要,必須〞。主要用于否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中,否認(rèn)形式為needn‘t,表示“沒(méi)有必要,不必〞；need提問(wèn)時(shí),肯定答復(fù)用must,否認(rèn)答復(fù)用needn’t。如：—Needwedosomecleaningnow?“我們必須現(xiàn)在大掃除嗎？〞—Yes,youmust.“是的,你們必須。〞—No,youneedn‘t.“不,你們不必。〞(2)need還可當(dāng)做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用,這時(shí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)為needsth/needtodosth。常用于肯定句中。否認(rèn)形式和疑問(wèn)式要借助助動(dòng)詞do的形式。如：Ineedtolearnmore.我需要學(xué)習(xí)更多。5．shall和should的用法shall用于第一人稱的句子中表示提建議或請(qǐng)求；(建議和請(qǐng)求為考點(diǎn))should用于各種人稱的句子中強(qiáng)調(diào)義務(wù)或責(zé)任“應(yīng)該〞。如：______wegooutforawalk?我們出去散步好嗎？(建議)Youshouldstudyhardatschool.你們?cè)趯W(xué)校應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。(勸告)6．will和would的用法Will=1\*GB3①情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,用于第二人稱疑問(wèn)句時(shí),表示征求意見(jiàn)或提建議。=2\*GB3②助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。would為will的過(guò)去式,可用于多種人稱,=1\*GB3①表示意愿。如：Willyouhavealittlesoup?你要不要喝點(diǎn)湯？=2\*GB3②wouldyoulikesth/todosth?提出建議與請(qǐng)求。此外還有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：hadbetter,oughtto,haveto等等。[歸納]情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法(1)肯定句中一般用must(一定),may(可能),might/could(也許,或許),其中must表推測(cè)的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng),其余依次漸弱。如：Thebookmustbehers.Hernameisonit.這本書(shū)一定是她的,她的名字在上面。Hemustberunning.他一定是在跑步。Theymayknowthewaytothelibrary.他們可能知道去圖書(shū)館的路。(2)否認(rèn)句中一般用can't/couldn't(不可能)。如：Thatmancan‘tbeMrLibecausehehasgonetoLondon.那個(gè)人不可能是李老師,因?yàn)樗惗亓恕?3)疑問(wèn)句中用can/could(能)。如：—CantheredsweaterbeTom's?—No,itcan't.Hecan'tstandred.“這件紅毛衣會(huì)是吉姆的嗎？〞“不,不可能。他不能忍受紅色。〞[注意]might,could并不是may,can的過(guò)去式,而是表示語(yǔ)氣較委婉或可能性較小。=4\*GB2⑷情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/do表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。如：Whosebookisthis?ItmustbelongtoLucy.它一定屬于露西的。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+進(jìn)行時(shí)/bedoing表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。如：Hemustbesleepingnow.現(xiàn)在他一定正在睡覺(jué)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)havedone表示對(duì)已經(jīng)〔過(guò)去〕發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。如：Ourclassroomisveryclean.Itmusthavebeencleanedyesterday.昨天它一定被清掃了。〔〕1.We_________usemobilephonewhentheplanetakeoff.maynotB.shouldn’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t〔〕2.--Excuseme.Canyoutellmewhattimeitisnow?--Sorry,I______.Mywatchdoesn’twork.A.can’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.needn’t〔〕3.—IsthatKate’scar?—It_____behers.Shehasjustgoneforameeting.A.can’tB.shouldC.mustn’tD.may〔〕4.—Let’sgoclimbing,shallwe?—You______bejoking!Don’tyouknowI’mafraidofhighplaces?A.mayB.canC.mustD.should〔〕5.We______paytogetintotheconcert.It'sfree. A.can't B.mustn't C.mightnot D.don'thaveto〔〕6.Lookatthe“Noparking〞sign.You_____parkyourcarhere.A.should

B.must

C.needn’t

D.mustn’t〔〕7.—_____youcomewithmetoLangLang’spianoconcertthisevening?—I’dloveto,butIhavetostudyformymathtest.A.ShouldB.MayC.MustD.Can〔〕8,We_______bemorecareful,orwewillmakethesamemistakeintheexperiment.A.mightB.canC.mayD.should〔〕9.—MustIcomeat6:30tomorrowmorning?—No,youneedn't.You____comeonehourlater.A.canB.needC.shouldD.must〔〕10.—Mustwecleantheroomatonce?—No.you.Youcandoitafterschool.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t〔〕11.—Whatareyoudoingthisweekend?—I'mnotsure,butI______gotothemuseum.A.mightB.mustC.need.D.should()12.一Excuseme,mayIkeepthebookalittlelonger?一Sorry.You________returnittoday.A.mustB.mustn'tC.canD.can't()13.—I’dlikeapet,butIambusyallday.—Goldfishareagoodchoice,You_______feedthemeveryday.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t()14.—MayItakethismagazineoutofthereadingroom?—No,you____.Youreadinhere.A.mightn’tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t()15.—________Iknowbywhattimeyouwanttheprojecttobedone?—Bythedayaftertomorrow.________youfinishitonlime?A.May;CanB.Must;needC.Could;MustD.Need;Would()16.〔2019湖南長(zhǎng)沙〕30.－Who’ssinginginthegarden?

－It____

beMr.Brown.Healwayspracticessingingatthistime.A.

must

B.can’t

C.need()17.一Whoseisthedictionary?一It________beAlice’s.Lookathernameonthecover.A.mustB.canC.may()18.27.Finishyourhomeworkfirst,thenyou’llsurftheInternetforhalfanhour.A.canB.needC.beabletoD.may()19.Thereagirlsingingnextdoor.Can’tyouhearherbeautifulvoice?A.mustbeB.musthaveC.can’tbeD.can’thave()20.Iforgottobringmydictionary.CouldIuseyours?Yes,you______.A.can B.must C.could D.should()21.4.—LifegetseasierwiththeInternet.—That'strue!Almosteverything_____bedoneonline.A.canB.needC.mustD.should()22.—Areyouinterestedinshoppingonline?——Notsomuch.We______ seerealproductsbutpictures.A.shouldn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t()23.–Bob,WhereisLinda?She_______beinthelibrary.ButIamnotsure.A.mustB.mayC.needD.hasto()24.—Lingling,canIuseyourdictionary?—Sure.Butyou______returnitafterclass.A.mustB.canC.mayD.would()25.People______waituntilthetrafficlightbecomesgreen.That’sthetrafficrule.A.mustB.can C.need D.may()26.—Lisa,hurryup!Thebusiscoming.—Oh,no.We____crossthestreetuntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.should()27.30.Themanisfeelingmuchbetternow,soyou______calladoctor.A.needn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t()28.Ifyousmoke,pleasegooutside.A.canB.mayC.mustD.might()29.—Couldyoupleasehaveawalkwithme?—Sorry,I_______.Ihavesomethingimportanttodonow.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.maynot()30.Hereismyphonenumber.You______callmeanytimeyoulike.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.need()31.—_________youleavenow?Youonlyarrivedhereanhourago.一Sorry,butsomuchhomeworkiswaitingforme.May B.Must C.Can D.Might()32.Children_______sitinthefrontseatofacar.It’stoodangerous.A.needB.needn’tC.mustD.mustn’t()33.—MayIplaycomputergamesnow,Mom?—No.Youfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.must B.can C.could D.may()34.—HowmanyEnglishwordsdoyouthinkIshouldknow?—Asmanyasyou______.Thenyouwillfindreadingquiteeasy.A.willB.mustC.canD.might()35.Acountryhasdreams.Weteenagers________alsohavedreams.Withdreamsandhardwork,anythingamazingcanbecreated. A.mayB.mustC.should()36.Youmustn’tgooffonyourown,becauseyou_______getlostinthemountains.A.should B.must C.need D.might()37.—Honey,stayhomebeforeIreturn.—I________,mum.A.mustB.canC.willD.should()38.—ShallItakemyswimmingsuit?—No,you.Wewilljustgohikinginthemountain.A.mustn’t B.couldn’t C.needn’t D.can’t()39._IseeyourIDcard,sir?Wehavetocheckyourinformation.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.NeedFinishyourhomeworkfirst,thenyou’ll_______watchTVforanhour.A.canB.beabletoC.ableDcould()40.—Ican’tstopplayingcomputergames.—Foryoureyes,myboy,I’mafraidyou_______.A.can B.may C.haveto()41.--________Ifinishthehomeworkthisafternoon.--No,youneedn’t.It________beforeFriday.A.Can;canfinishB.Must;mustfinishC.Must;canbefinishedD.Can;mustbefinished()42.Youhadbetter_____winebecauseyouhavetodrivebackhome.A.notdrinkB.don'tdrinkC.nottodrink()43.—Mom,_________Ihangoutwithmyfriendsnow?—Sure,butyou________cleanupyourbedroomfirst.A.can,needB.may,havetoC.must,needD.need,must()44.—Look!Themanatthegate______beourteacher.Heisalwaysstandingthereeverymorning.—N