U4WordsandexpressionsJOURNEYACROSSAVASTLAND

Ratherthantravelbycommercialairlinealltheway，theydecidedtoytoVancouver...

1ratherthan

而不是；與其，不愿（用于連接兩個并列成分）

Theseoutdoorclothesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.這些戶外服裝舒服，但并不漂亮。

Mammalsmultiplybygivingbirthtobabiesratherthanlayingeggs.哺乳動物的繁殖是通過產(chǎn)崽而非產(chǎn)卵。

Hedecidedtorelyonhimselfratherthanseekhelpfromhisfriends.他決定靠自己而不向朋友求助?！菊`區(qū)警示】（1）ratherthan連接兩個不定式時，第二個不定式的to可以省略。但是ratherthan位于句首時，跟不帶to的不定式。（2）ratherthan連接兩個并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞應與ratherthan前面的成分在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。

YouratherthanIaregoingcamping.要去野營的是你，而不是我。

【歸納拓展】寧愿做……而不（愿）做……woulddo...ratherthando.../wouldratherdo...thando.../prefertodo...ratherthando...同義句轉換Hewouldtakeachanceratherthansittheredoingnothing.==他寧愿冒險而不愿無所事事地坐在那里。Hewouldrathertakeachancethansittheredoingnothing.Hepreferstotakeachanceratherthansittheredoingnothing.Practice(1)Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghardratherthanhardly

（work）.(2)Wecanachievealotwhenwelearntoletourdifferencesunite，ratherthan

（divide）us.(3)Ratherthan

（stay）here，Iprefertoleave.(4)Ithinkitisthemanager，ratherthantheworkers，that

（be）toblame.workingdividestayisthetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise...2arisevi.起身；出現(xiàn)；由……引起（arose，arisen）搭配：arisefrom由……引起；因……產(chǎn)生eg:Theoutstandingastronomerisusedtoarisingearly.那位杰出的天文學家習慣早起。Wewillkeepyouinformedifanynewproofarises.如有新證據(jù)出現(xiàn)，我們會隨時通知你們。Hisdiseasearosefromavirusinfection.他的病是由病毒感染引起的。單句語法填空(1)Herealisedthatmostofhismistakesarose

hisnervousnessintheexam.完成句子(2)這次火災是由責任心的缺失造成的。Thefire

thelossofresponsibility.選詞填空（arise/rise/raise）(3)I’veneverheardhimeven

hisvoice.(4)Themeetingwilldiscussthematters

fromtherecentchangesinthelaw.(5)Thesun

intheeastandsetsinthewest.(6)MoreTVprogrammeswillbeproducedto

people’sconcernoverfoodsafety.(7)Don’tworry.Wearewellpreparedtodealwithalltheoutcomesthatmay______.

fromarosefromraisearisingrisesraisearisePractice...theytookataxitoLakeLouise，wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.3breathn.呼吸的空氣takesb.’sbreathaway令人驚嘆holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸outofbreath喘不上氣takeadeepbreath深呼吸試著翻譯下面的句子Itookadeepbreathandstartedclimbingthemountain.IwasoutofbreathwhenIarrivedatthetopofthemountain.Butitwasworthwhilebecausethescenerytookmybreathaway.Imean，thescenerywasreallybreathtaking.我深呼吸，然后開始爬山。當我到達山頂?shù)臅r候我已經(jīng)喘不上氣了。但這一切都值得，因為風景令人驚嘆。我的意思是，風景真是令人嘆為觀止?！驹~語積累】breathev.呼吸 breathtakingadj.令人驚嘆的Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardlybreathe.空氣非常寒冷，我們難以呼吸。選詞填空（holdourbreath/takeourbreathaway/outofbreath/takeadeepbreath）(1)Hewent

afterrunningforhalfanhour.(2)We

whenMrEvansreadtheexamoutcomes.(3)Asthemusicbegan，I

andtriedtocalmdown.(4)Myfirstsightattheskythroughatelescope

.單句語法填空(5)Ilikearisingveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood

（breathe）.outofbreathheldourbreathtookadeepbreathtookmybreathawaytobreatheTheyspentthenight，andthentookacoachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.boundadj.準備前往（某地）；一定會boundfor準備前往beboundto一定會；有義務/有責任……ShewasonaplaneboundforRomewhenshegotsick.她犯病時正在前往羅馬的飛機上。Thesetwoyoungmusiciansareboundforinternationalsuccess.這兩位年輕的音樂家一定會蜚聲國際。Warsareboundtocastashadowonpeopleallovertheworld.戰(zhàn)爭必定會在世界人民的心上留下陰影。Weareboundtocutbackonspending.我們必須削減開支。單句語法填空(1)You’vedonesomuchwork；you’rebound

（pass）theexam.(2)We’dbettertakeaplanebound

China.完成句子(3)Hisspeech

（一定會）motivatealotofyoungpeople.(4)Theplane

（前往）theearthquake-strickenareacarriedfoodandmedicalsupplies.topassforisboundtoboundforthecentreofCanada’shugeoilandgasdrillingindustry.5drillv.&n.（1）vi.&vt.鉆（孔）；打（眼）drillforoil/water/gas鉆井探油/水/氣Theworkmanisdrillinginthewall.工人正在墻上打孔。Wehadtodrilldown200feettofindwater.我們只好往地下鉆兩百英尺找水。（2）n.鉆（頭）；訓練；演習anelectricdrill電鉆afiredrill消防演習Jackusedadrilltomakeaholeinthewall.杰克用鉆頭在墻上鉆孔。YoushouldfinishyourEnglishgrammardrillsintheclass.你應該在課堂上完成英語語法訓練。Therewillbeafiredrillthismorning.今天上午有消防演習。閱讀下列句子，寫出drill在句中的含義(1)Tododrillsisimportantinlanguagelearning.___________(2)Thegovernmenthasannouncedplanstodrillforwaterinthedesert.___________

(3)Whenthefiredrillstarts，studentswillevacuatethebuilding.

___________

完成句子(4)Theteachertoldustoputasideourbooksandgetreadyfor

（每周的練習）.(5)

（一場消防演習）interruptedthelesson.訓練鉆（孔）演習theweeklydrillAfiredrillEdmontonisfreezingcoldinwinter，withdailytemperaturesaveraging-10℃.6freezingadj.極冷的；冰凍的n.冰點freezingpoint冰點freezingcold嚴寒；相當冷afreezingwinter寒冷的冬季above/belowfreezing冰點以上/以下Thelittleboyrefusedtoparticipateinthemorningexercisebecauseofthefreezingweather.因為天氣寒冷，那個小男孩拒絕上早操。It’sverycoldtoday；thetemperaturehasdroppedtofreezingpoint.今天很冷，溫度降到了冰點?！練w納拓展】（1）nearlyfreezetodeath差點凍死 freezewages凍結工資freezewithhorror嚇呆了freezeup（突然）呆住sb.’sbloodfreezes某人血液凝固（2）frozenadj.冷凍的；凍僵的befrozenwithfear被嚇呆了【學法點撥】freezingcold極冷burninghot炎熱prettyill病得厲害——freezing，burning，pretty用作副詞，意為“非常，頗”。用freeze的適當形式填空(1)Itisawell-knownfactthatwater

at0℃.(2)It’s

coldoutside，soyou’dbetterputonmoreclothes.(3)Thesnakewas

ontheroad.(4)Thewaterattheedgeofthelake

lastnight.完成句子(5)Itwasverycoldlastyear；thetemperature___________________________________________

（時不時地降到冰點）.(6)

（氣溫才僅僅到冰點以下）whenweleft.freezesfreezingfrozenfrozedroppedtothefreezingpointfromtimetotimeItwasmerelybelowfreezingHowever，theydidnotanticipateseeingsuchanopencountry，andweretrulyamazed.anticipatev.預料；預見；期望Itisanticipatedthat...據(jù)預測……anticipatedoingsth.預計做某事；期待做某事Weanticipatethatwewillmeettremendousdifficulties.我們預料我們會遇到巨大的困難。Itisanticipatedthathousepriceswilldecrease.據(jù)預測，住房價格將降低。Ianticipatereadingthebookwithdramaticinterest.我以極大的興趣期待著讀這本書。

【詞語積累】anticipationn.預期；預料；期盼；期望Heboughtextrafoodinanticipationofmorepeoplecomingthanhe’dinvited.他預料來的客人會比邀請的多，就多買了食物。單句語法填空(1)Whatisyour

（anticipate）salary?(2)Ididn’tanticipate

（have）todothecookingmyself.(3)In

（anticipate）ofbadweathertheytakeplentyofwarmclothes.(4)Atthisstagewecan’treallyanticipate

willhappen.完成句子(5)

（據(jù)預測）nextyearinterestrateswilldecrease.anticipatedhavinganticipationwhatItisanticipatedthat...oneofthefourGreatLakesonOntario’ssouthernborder.border

n.邊界；國界；邊界（地區(qū)）v.

與……接壤，與……毗鄰ontheborder在邊界上theborderbetweentheUSandMexico美國和墨西哥之間的邊界Denmark’sborderwithGermany丹麥和德國的國界線escapeacrosstheborder逃過邊境abordertown邊境城鎮(zhèn)thecountriesborderingtheBaltic波羅的海沿岸國家完成句子(1)Theharbourlies

（位于……的邊界）betweentheUSandMexico.(2)Customsofficersinspectedourbaggagewhenwe

（穿越邊境）.

onthebordercrossedtheborderWell，contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve，therearealotofvastandemptyspacesinChina，actually.

contrary

adj.&n.（1）adj.相反的；相對立的搭配：contraryto相反的；相對立的（形容詞短語，可作定語、表語或狀語）Itisreasonablethatmysister’stemperiscontrarytomyown.我姐姐和我脾氣相反，這是合理的。（2）n.

相反的事實（或事情）onthecontrary相反的是（在句中作狀語）tothecontrary相反的；相反地（相當于形容詞或副詞,起形容詞作用時,作后置定語）

Brownsaidhewasbynomeansannoyed；onthecontrary，hewasgladtobeabletomakehimselfclearlyunderstood.布朗說他并不生氣；相反的是，他很高興能夠讓別人理解自己。Showmesomeevidencetothecontrary.給我看看有什么相反的證據(jù)吧?！驹~語辨析】onthecontrary與ontheotherhand(1)onthecontrary用來表示相反的情況。(2)ontheotherhand用來說明事物的另一方面。單句語法填空(1)—Itmusthavebeenhorrible.—

thecontrary，Ienjoyedeveryminute.(2)Youropinioniscontrary

mine.完成句子(3)

Heseemstobegivingtheimpressionthathedidn’tenjoyhimselfinParis.

（相反的是），hehadawonderfultime.(4)

（與……相反）whatmanypeoplemightanticipate，sharksseldom

attackhumans.(5)Toourastonishment，theexplanationhegaveforthefire

（與……相反）

thatofhistutor.OntoOnthecontraryContrarytowascontrarytoAnyhow，thenextstationismystop!反正，下一站是我的站！anyhow

adv.（結束交談或轉換話題時）不過；反正（=anyway）Samdidn’tgetthejob，butitdidn’tupsethimbecausethejobdidn’tpaywellanyhow.薩姆沒有得到那份工作，但他并沒有悶悶不樂，反正薪酬也不算高。Martinhascomedownwithacoldbutheisgoingtocomeoveranyhow.馬丁感冒了，但他還是要過來。Whatatoughexperience!Anyway,you’resafenow—that’sthemainthing.多么可怕的經(jīng)歷?。o論如何，你現(xiàn)在安全了——那才是主要的事情。

—I’msorryIdidn’tfinishitontime.對不起我沒有按時完成?！猅hanksanyway.無論如何都感謝啦。

Anyway，Ican’tcheathim—it’sagainstallmyprinciples.我無論如何不能騙他，這有違我的原則?！驹~語積累】somehowadv.不知怎么地somewhatadv.有點選詞填空（anyhow/somehow/somewhat）(1)Thepricewas

higherthanI’dexpected.(2)Hesaidhedidn’tknowmuchaboutcuisinebutthathe’dtryandhelpus

.(3)Hecouldhavefinisheditonschedule，but

hefellbehind.完成句子(4)I’mafraidwecan’tcome，but

（無論如何都要感謝

你的邀請）.(5)Thatwon’tbeeasy，Iknow，butwehaveto

（無論如何都要開始）.somewhatanyhowsomehowthanksforyourinvitationanyhowstartanyhow...theyonlyhadafewhourstokillbeforetheyhadtoproceedtothenextlegoftheirtriptoMceed

vi.行進；繼續(xù)做proceedwithsth.繼續(xù)某事

proceedtodosth.繼續(xù)做某事proceedto前去……Workisproceedingslowlybecausetheweatherissevere.由于天氣惡劣，工作進展緩慢。We’renotsurewhetherwestillwanttoproceedwithhisambition.我們不確定我們是否還想繼續(xù)他的目標。Heoutlinedhisplansandthenproceededtoexplaintheminmoredetail.他簡單介紹了他的計劃，接著又進行了較詳細的解釋。PassengersforRomeshouldproceedtoGate32forboarding.前往羅馬的旅客，請到32號登機口登機。單句語法填空(1)Travispausedtorefertohisnotes，thenproceeded

hisdemonstration.(2)Patricksaidhelikedmywork，butthenproceeded

（tell）meeverythingwaswrongwithit.(3)PassengersforMiamiflightshouldproceed

Gate25.完成句子(4)Healsogavemesoundadviceonhowto

（繼續(xù)）myinquiries.withtotelltoproceedwith...theywereastonishedtoseemistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls...astonish

vt.使十分驚訝；使吃驚Themagician’snexttrickwillastonishyou.這位魔術師的下一個把戲會使你非常驚訝。

Thenewswillcertainlyastonishhimsubstantially.這條消息一定會讓他很驚訝?！驹~語積累】（1）astonishedvt.感到驚訝的beastonishedtodosth.因做某事而感到驚訝beastonishedat...對……感到吃驚（2）astonishingadj.令人驚訝的（3）astonishmentn.震驚toone’sastonishment令人驚訝的是IwasastonishedtoseeMiriamthere.我很吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)米里亞姆竟然在那兒。Thedoctorswereastonishedatthespeedofherrecovery.她康復速度之快令醫(yī)生們感到驚訝。單句語法填空(1)Thenews

（astonish）everyonepresentatthemeeting.(2)Hearingthenews，helooked

（astonish）.(3)Toour

（astonish），heran1,000metersinsuchan

speed.(4)Wewereastonished

（find）thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.完成句子(5)

（令我們感到驚訝的是），asmanyas14，000peoplelost

theirlivesintheoutbreakofcholera.astonishedastonishedastonishment

tofindToourastonishment

astonishing...allthesignsandadvertisementswereinFrenchandmanypeoplespokeEnglishwithanaccent.advertisement

n.（informalad）廣告；啟事Putanadvertisementinthelocalpapertosellyourcar.在當?shù)貓蠹埖且粍t廣告來出售你的汽車?！驹~語積累】（1）advertisev.（為……）做廣告（宣傳），登廣告；征聘，公布advertisefor為（征求）……登廣告advertiseonTV/inanewspap