《國際貿(mào)易實務(wù)》重點詞匯《國際貿(mào)易實務(wù)》重點詞匯10Chapter1IntroductiontoInternationalTradeNationalDevelopmentandReformCommission國家進展和改革委員會export-driveneconomicgrowth出口導(dǎo)向型經(jīng)濟增長exporttaxrebates出口退稅 exporttaxes出口關(guān)稅excessLiquidity流淌性過剩 tradefrictions貿(mào)易摩擦internationaltrade國際貿(mào)易 worldtrade世界貿(mào)易foreigntrade對外貿(mào)易 overseastrade海外貿(mào)易tradeingoods貨物貿(mào)易 tradeinservices效勞貿(mào)易self-sufficient自給自足 economicresources經(jīng)濟資源visibletrade有形貿(mào)易 invisibletrade無形貿(mào)易dumping傾銷 tourism旅游業(yè)balanceoftrade貿(mào)易差額 hostcountry東道國barter物物交換，以貨易貨，貨物交易，易貨貿(mào)易favorablebalanceoftrade貿(mào)易順差(tradesurplus)unfavorablebalanceoftrade貿(mào)易逆差(tradedeficit)BalanceofPayments國際收支平衡，國際收支差額favorablebalanceofpayments國際收支順差unfavorablebalanceofpayments國際收支逆差I(lǐng)nternationalMonetaryFund〔IMF〕ForeignDirectInvestment〔FDI〕PortfolioInvestment間接投資Chapter2InternationalTradePolicytradeprotectionism貿(mào)易保護主義 freetrade自由貿(mào)易thenationalinterest國家利益 Dohatradetalks多哈貿(mào)易談判acquisitions購并 tradebarriers貿(mào)易壁壘infantindustries稚嫩產(chǎn)業(yè) quantitativerestrictions數(shù)量限制encouragements鼓舞 importtariff進口關(guān)稅tariffbarriers關(guān)稅壁壘 non-tariffbarriers〔NTB〕非關(guān)稅壁壘exporttaxes出口關(guān)稅 exportsubsidies出口補貼protectivetariffs保護性關(guān)稅 revenuetariff財政關(guān)稅specificduties從量稅 advaloremduties從價稅compoundduties復(fù)合稅 importquota進口配額bindingquota限制性(綁定)配額 non-bindingquota不具約束力的配額tariff-ratequotas關(guān)稅配額 zeroquota零配額absolutequotas確定配額 marketfailures市場失靈domesticcontent國內(nèi)含量 licensingsystem許可證制度red-tapebarriers進口環(huán)節(jié)壁壘 “buylocal”rules本地選購規(guī)章domesticsupply國內(nèi)供給 domesticdemand國內(nèi)需求floorprice最低限價 shortfallofsupply供給短缺GovernmentProcurementPolicies卑視性政府選購政策HarmonizedTariffScheduleoftheUnitedStates(HTS美國協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)稅明細表HarmonizedSystem商品名稱及編碼協(xié)調(diào)制度InternationalHarmonizedCommodityCodingandClassificationSystem商品名稱及編碼協(xié)調(diào)制度WorldCustomsOrganization(WCO)世界海關(guān)組織CustomsTariffofImport/ExportofthePeople’sRepublicofChina中華人民共和國進出口關(guān)稅條例VoluntaryExportRestraint〔VER〕Multi-FiberArrangement多種纖維協(xié)定DomesticContentRequirements國內(nèi)成分要求GovernmentProcurementPolicies政府選購政策BuyAmericaActof1933 1933年購置美國貨法案ExportEnhancementProgram〔EEP〕DairyExportIncentiveProgram〔DEIP〕Chapter3TradeBlocandTradeBlockopenregionalism開放的區(qū)域主義 tradeliberalization貿(mào)易自由化mostfavorednation最惠國 multilateralism多邊主義Doharound多哈回合 discriminatorytariffs卑視性關(guān)稅“spaghettibowl”意大利面碗 tariffrates關(guān)稅稅率tradediscrimination貿(mào)易卑視 countryoforigin原產(chǎn)地tradebloc貿(mào)易集團 tradeblock貿(mào)易禁運bilateralfreetradeagreements雙邊自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定PTAs〔preferentialtradeagreements〕特別優(yōu)待貿(mào)易協(xié)議APEC〔Asia-PacificEconomicCo-operationOrganization〕亞太經(jīng)合組織FTAAP〔FreeTradeAgreementofAsiaandthePacific〕亞太自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定NAFTA〔NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement〕北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)MERCOSUR 南方共同市場SCCM〔SouthernCommonMarkets〕ASEAN〔AssociationofSoutheastAsianNations〕東南亞國家聯(lián)盟AFTA〔ASEANFreeTradeArea〕EU〔EuropeanUnion〕〔歐洲聯(lián)盟〕EFTA〔EuropeanFreeTradeArea〕歐洲自由貿(mào)易區(qū)EEC〔EuropeanEconomicCommunity〕歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體EC〔theEuropeanCommunity〕歐洲共同體freetradearea自由貿(mào)易區(qū) customsunion關(guān)稅同盟commonmarket共同市場 economicunion經(jīng)濟同盟，經(jīng)濟聯(lián)盟tradeembargoes貿(mào)易禁運 economicsanctions經(jīng)濟制裁boycotts抵抗 multilateraltradeagreements多邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定UnitedNations聯(lián)合國 tradeelasticity貿(mào)易彈性Chapter4WTO：ANavigationGuidefranchise特許經(jīng)營 UruguayRound烏拉圭回合WTOAgreements世界貿(mào)易組織協(xié)議 WorldBank世界銀行DohaDevelopmentAgenda多哈進展議程〔多哈回合談判〕GATT〔GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade〕關(guān)稅與貿(mào)易總協(xié)定WTO〔WorldTradeOrganization〕世界貿(mào)易組織IMF〔InternationalMonetaryFund〕國際貨幣基金組織AppellateBody上訴機構(gòu)DisputeSettlementPanels爭端解決特地小組PlurilateralCommittees諸邊協(xié)議委員會MinisterialConference部長會議TheGeneralCouncil常務(wù)理事會TheDisputeSettlementBody爭端解決機構(gòu)TheTradePolicyReviewBody貿(mào)易政策審議機構(gòu)GoodsCouncil貨物貿(mào)易理事會ServicesCouncil效勞貿(mào)易理事會TRIPSCouncil與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)理事會TheTextilesMonitoringBody紡織品監(jiān)視機構(gòu)HeadsofDelegations〔HOD〕代表團首腦TheSecretariat秘書處sustainabledevelopment可持續(xù)進展PlurilateralTradeAgreement諸邊(復(fù)邊)貿(mào)易協(xié)定MarrakeshMinisterialMeeting馬拉喀什部長會議〔摩洛哥〕TRIPSAgreement與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定Trade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights〔TRIPS〕與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)GeneralAgreementonTradeinServices〔GATS〕效勞貿(mào)易總協(xié)定Trade-RelatedInvestmentMeasures〔TRIMS〕與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的投資措施TradeWithoutDiscrimination貿(mào)易無卑視UrgentImportingMeasures緊急進口措施Most-Favored-NationTreatment最惠國待遇contractingparties締約國 plurilateralagreements諸邊協(xié)議nationaltreatment國民待遇 transparency透亮度marketaccess市場準入 navigationguide導(dǎo)航patronagenations施惠國 favorednations受惠國Chapter5InternationalTradeTermsL/Cissuingdate信用證的開證日期 seasonalcommodity季節(jié)性商品partialshipment分批裝運 transshipment轉(zhuǎn)運shipment裝運 termsofpayment支付條件draft匯票 liner班輪tradeterms，priceterms，deliveryterms 貿(mào)易術(shù)語，價格術(shù)語，交貨術(shù)語Warsaw-OxfordRules1932 1932年華沙--牛津規(guī)章InternationalLawAssociation 國際法律協(xié)會RevisedAmericanForeignTradeDefinitions1941 外貿(mào)易定義修正本InternationalChamberofCommerce〔ICC〕 國際商會INCOTERMS2023 Valueaddedtax〔VAT〕增值稅UnitedNationsCommissiononInternationalTradeLaw〔UNCITRAL〕聯(lián)合國國際貿(mào)易法律委員會multi-modalTransport多式聯(lián)運 inlandwaterwaytransportation內(nèi)陸水運se清關(guān) d〔Ship’sRil船舷documentarysales單據(jù)買賣 coverinsurance投保symbolicdelivery象征性交貨 unloadingcharge卸貨費frontier邊疆 quay碼頭trim平艙 stow理艙EXW〔ExWorks〕工廠交貨FCA〔FreeCarrier〕貨交承運人FAS〔FreeAlongsideShip〕船邊交貨FOB〔FreeonBoard〕裝運港船上交貨FOBLinerTerms(FOB班輪條件)FOBUnderTackle(FOB吊鉤下交貨)FOBStowed(FOB包理艙費在內(nèi))FOBTrimmed(FOB包平艙費在內(nèi))CFR〔CostandFreight〕本錢加運費CFRLinerTerms(CFR班輪條件)CFRLanded(CFR卸到岸上)RpsR艙底交貨)CIF〔Cost,InsuranceandFreight〕本錢加保險費加運費CPT〔CarriagePaidto〕運費付至CIP〔CarriageandInsurancePaidto〕運費、保險費付至DAF〔DeliveredatFrontier〕邊疆交貨DES〔DeliveredExShip〕目的港船上交貨DEQ〔DeliveredExQuay〕目的港碼頭交貨DDU〔DeliveredDutyUnpaid〕未完稅交貨DDP〔DeliveredDutyPaid〕Chapter6TermsofCommodity憑賣方樣品買賣/憑買方樣品買賣Reference/DuplicateSample參考樣品QualityTolerance品質(zhì)公差 CounterSample對等樣品MoreorLessClauses溢短裝條款 NeutralPacking中性包裝CustomsFormality海關(guān)手續(xù) InspectionCertificateofQuality質(zhì)量檢驗證書FDA(FoodandDrugsAdministration)藥品及食品治理局MarkingofGoods貨物標記 NetWeight凈重TheoreticalWeight理論重量 GrossWeight毛重ComputedTare商定皮重 ConditionedWeight公量UnitWeight單位重量 MoistureContent含水量CustomaryTare習(xí)慣毛重 LegalWeight法定重量ActualTare實際皮重 AverageTare平均毛重BY-product副產(chǎn)品AQSIQ(StateAdministrationforQualitySupervisionandInspectionandQuarantine)國家質(zhì)量監(jiān)視檢驗檢疫總局RepresentativeSamples代表性樣品 OriginalSamples原始樣品TypeSamples標準樣品 (FAQ)FairAverageQuality中等品質(zhì)(GMQ)GoodMerchantableQuality上好可銷品質(zhì)AnimalandPlantQuarantineOffice動植物檢驗機關(guān)RegisterofShipping船及機構(gòu) StateBureauofMetrology國家計量局CatalogueofExportandImportCommoditiesSubjecttoInspection進出口商品名目dsr英國勞氏公證行Chapter7InternationalCargoTransportOiltankers油輪 VoyageCharter定程租船Ro-Rovessels滾裝船 TimeCharter定期租船LASH(lighterAboardShip)載駁船 BBC(BareBoatCharter)光船租船Charteringcontract租船合同 Sailingschedule船期表Demurragecharge滯期費 Linerfreighttariff班船運價表Dispatchcharge速遣費 Optionaladditional選卸附加費Directadditional直航附加費 Transshipmentadditional轉(zhuǎn)船附加費Portcongestionadditional港口擁擠附加費Forwardingagents運輸代理 LCL(LessthanContainerLoad)拼箱貨Settlementofexchange結(jié)匯 FCL(FullContainerLoad)整箱貨Airwaybill空運單 CFS(ContainerFreightStation)集裝箱貨運站Shippingadvice裝運通知 Disposalrights處置權(quán)Partialshipment/transshipment分批裝運Billoflanding提單 CleanB/L清潔提單OrderB/L提示提單 CombinedtransportB/L多式聯(lián)運提單StraightB/L直接提單/記名提單 ThroughB/L全程提單/聯(lián)運提單LinerB/L班輪提單 Ante-datedB/L倒簽提單AdvancedB/L預(yù)借提單 Consignmentnote發(fā)貨通知書Blankendorsement空白備書 IATA(InternationalAirTransportAssociation)國際航空運輸協(xié)會Combinedtransportdocuments聯(lián)合運輸單據(jù)Chapter8CargoInsuranceInsuranceApplicant投保人 GeneralAverage共同海損InsuranceAmount投保金額 ExtraneousRisks外來風(fēng)險InsurancePolicy保險單 ConstructiveTotalLoss推定全損PerilsoftheSea海上風(fēng)險 SueandLaborExpenses施救費用SalvageCharges救助費用 InsuranceBroker承保人ParticularAverage單獨海損 Premium保險費AirTransportationCargoWarRisks航空運輸貨物戰(zhàn)斗險LandTransportationRisks陸運險AllRisksforLandTransportation陸運一切險OceanMarineInsurance海洋運輸保險AirTransportationAllRisks航空運輸一切險Warrisks戰(zhàn)斗險 BasicRisksCoverage根本保險范圍InsuredAmount保險金額 T.P.N.D(Theft,PilferageandNon-delivery)偷竊與提貨不著險TaintofOdor串味險 OverlandTransportationInsurance陸上運輸保險ParcelPostInsurance郵包運輸保險 WPA(WithParticularAverage)水漬險/單獨海損賠償FPA(FreefromParticularAverage)平安險AdditionalRisksCoverage附加險范圍Freshwaterand/orRainDamage淡水雨淋險InsuranceCertificate保險憑證Chapter9TermsofPriceCostStructure費用/本錢構(gòu)造 CostofProduction生