（過去分詞作定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語）ThePastParticipleasthe

Attributiveandobjectcomplement

過去分詞一般表示完成的和被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞由動(dòng)詞原形加-ed構(gòu)成；不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞沒有統(tǒng)一的構(gòu)成規(guī)則。過去分詞一般在句子中可以用作定語（theattribute）、賓語補(bǔ)足語（theobjectcomplement）、表語（thepredicative）和狀語（theadverbial），但不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成謂語。PastParticiples過去分詞Whatisthepastparticiple?abrokenheartaninjuredmancrowdedbusesWhatistheAttributiveandobjectcomplement?用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。漢語翻譯中常用“......的”表示。Attributive定語定語6.Mothermadeabirthday

cakeforme．4.Lucy's

fatherisapoor

worker．5.Webelongtothethird

world.3.My

brotherisateacher.2.Theyliveintheroomabove.1.It'sared

car．Thegirl

presentismysister.（形容詞）(副詞）（代詞）（數(shù)詞）（名詞所有格/形容詞）（名詞）過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示被動(dòng)的、完成的動(dòng)作，賓語補(bǔ)足語與賓語之間常常存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即賓語是過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者。ObjectComplement賓語補(bǔ)足語e.g.Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.Unfortunatelyhehadhislegbrokenyesterday.帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為：+直接賓語（名詞或代詞）+賓語補(bǔ)足語EveryonecallshimTom.(賓語)(賓補(bǔ))(主語)(謂語)

賓語補(bǔ)足語一般放在賓語_____,對(duì)賓語起_________的作用。之后補(bǔ)充說明某些及物動(dòng)詞賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語Part1

PastParticipleastheAttributive(過去分詞用作定語)1.過去分詞作定語時(shí)的位置(1)前置定語一般情況下，單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞_____,即作前置定語。acloseddoorabrokenwindowapollutedriver之前Thepolluted

waterwastoblameforthespreadofcholera.被污染的水造成了霍亂的傳播。Thecured

animalswillbereleasedsoon.痊愈的動(dòng)物會(huì)很快被釋放。1.過去分詞作定語時(shí)的位置(1)前置定語一般情況下，單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞_____,即作前置定語。之前It’sapicture_______________

paintedbyLeonardodaVinci.apicturepaintedbyLeonardodaVincithat/whichwas(2)后置定語過去分詞短語作定語，通常作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。Thelady

____________dressedinwhiteisafamousstar.Theladydressedinwhiteisafamousstar.that/who

is=Theplayer________________bymanypeopleisYaoMing.Theplayer____________________isYaoMing.這個(gè)被很多人喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)員叫姚明。wholovedis

lovedbymanypeopleLastTuesdayinamountainousarea，therewereatotalof173sheep

killedalmostimmediately(＝whichwerekilledalmostimmediately)whenlightningstruck.上周二在一個(gè)山區(qū)，當(dāng)雷擊發(fā)生時(shí)有173只羊即刻被雷電擊死。(2)后置定語過去分詞短語作定語，通常作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。(3)

當(dāng)過去分詞是像state-owned,heart-felt,hand-made等這樣的復(fù)合形式，或者前面有副詞修飾時(shí)，一般放在被修飾詞前面作前置定語。(4)

有些過去分詞表示特定含義時(shí)，單獨(dú)作定語放在所修飾的名詞之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所給的)，concerned(有關(guān)的)等。Therearefewtigers

left.

Itistimeforthedepartments

concernedtotakemeasurestoprotectthemfromdyingout.剩余的老虎不多了，是相關(guān)當(dāng)局采取措施保護(hù)它們免遭滅絕的時(shí)候了。(5)

如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no與thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等，單個(gè)分詞放在被修飾詞的后面。Isthereanything

unsolved?還有什么沒解決的嗎？Part2

PastParticipleasObjectComplement(過去分詞用作賓語補(bǔ)足語)常見的過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況A.Ifind

mymoneystolen.B.Hewatched

theballoonblownaway.C.Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacar.1.用于表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的的動(dòng)詞，即感官動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語，如:_________________________________________________________________________________see,look,observe,watch,hear,listen,feel,think,find,noticeIsawhim_______byadog.(bite)bitten2.用于表示“使”“令”“讓”等意義的使役動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)，如：_______________________________make,get,have,help,keep，leaveA.You’dbetterkeeptheguestsseated.B.We'rehavingourcarrepaired.C.I'm

trying

togetthisarticlefinishedforThursday.

get/have/make/keep/leave+

賓語

+

done總結(jié)起來，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：使役動(dòng)詞make，have，get，keep后加復(fù)合賓語的比較make＋賓語＋dosth

讓……做某事(主動(dòng))done讓……被做(被動(dòng))Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.這令人震驚的消息使我意識(shí)到我們將面臨多么可怕的問題。Imademyselfknowntothemfirstandthenwetalkedaboutourhobbies.我先向他們作了自我介紹，然后我們談?wù)摿俗约旱膼酆?。have＋賓語＋dosth使……做某事(主動(dòng))doingsth

使……持續(xù)做某事(主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行)done使……被做(被動(dòng))Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt.媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.整頓飯下來他讓我們笑個(gè)不停。Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.上個(gè)月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。get＋賓語＋todosth

使……做某事(主動(dòng))doingsth

使……開始做某事(主動(dòng))done使……被做(被動(dòng))Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他讓我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進(jìn)。I’llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(請(qǐng)人)修一下我的手機(jī)。keep＋賓語＋doingsth

使……一直做某事(主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行)done使……被做(被動(dòng))I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.對(duì)不起，讓你久等了。Shekepthereyesshutandstayedwhereshewas.她緊閉雙眼，待在原地未動(dòng)。Jackhadhishair_______yesterday.(cut)cutHewon’tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.B.Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.3.表示“意愿、命令或者希望”等意義的動(dòng)詞后也常跟過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：__________________________等可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。want,wish,expect,like,orderThefatherwantshisdaughter__________dancing.(teach)taughtA.Allafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.B.Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.C.Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.

4.介詞with后可接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with+賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”,這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands________behindhisback.(tie)tiedwith＋sb

/sth

doing(主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行)sth

done(被動(dòng)、完成)sth

todo(表示將來)WeChatislikeapublicnetwork，withpeoplesharinginformationpublicly；whatevertheysayorpublishcanbeseenbyeverybody.微信像是一個(gè)公開網(wǎng)絡(luò)，人們公開分享信息，不管他們說什么、發(fā)布什么，大家都可以看到。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語補(bǔ)足語的比較Withagreatweighttakenoffhermind，shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.由于放下了極大的思想包袱，她成功地通過了所有考試。Withalotofworktodo，shewasn’tallowedtoleaveheroffice.由于有許多工作要做，她不被允許離開辦公室。V-ed在句中可作_____、_____________。定語賓語補(bǔ)足語①單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞前面；②過去分詞短語作定語：通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于定語從句。③單個(gè)的過去分詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something,everything等或指示代詞those時(shí)，要放在這些詞的后面。V-ed作賓語補(bǔ)足語通常用于：①表示感觀、感覺和發(fā)覺的動(dòng)詞。②表示“致使、意愿、命令或者希望”意義的動(dòng)詞。③with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。作定語作賓補(bǔ)Summary1.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname…2.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,…3.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,…4.TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,England-manypeopleareconfusedby…5.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11