OHenryOHenry1O.Henry歐?亨利ThefamousAmericancriticalrealistwriter

美國著名批判現(xiàn)實主義作家Oneofthethreegreatmastersofshortstoriesoftheworld(othersare:AntonChekhov契訶夫，GuydeMaupassant莫泊桑).世界三大短篇小說巨匠之一。ManhattanlaureateprosewriterandthefatherofmodernAmericanshortstories.

曼哈頓桂冠散文作家和美國現(xiàn)代短篇小說之父。

“EncyclopediaofAmericanlifewithhumor”.

美國生活的幽默百科全書O.Henry歐?亨利ThefamousAmeric2NameofO.HenryPenname:O.Henry

Anotherpenname:OlivierHenry

Hisprimitivename:WilliamsSydneyPorter

原名：威廉姆斯·西德尼·波特NameofO.HenryPenname:O.H3LifeofO.Henry.1.

BornedinNorthCarolinain1862;hisfatherwasaphysician（內(nèi)科醫(yī)生）.?2.Receivedlittleeducation.Heleftschoolat15yearsold,buthewasanavidreader.?3.Richinworkingexperiences.

Hedidavarietyofjobssuchasclerk,bookkeeper,reporter.?4.Accusedofstealingin1894andcapturedin1897.Hewassentencedto5yearsimprisonment.Atthisperiod,hebagantowriteandbecamesuccessfulinwriting.Buthewroteforbread.LifeofO.Henry.1.Bornedi4LifeofO.HenryHislastyearswastragicasaresultofalcoholism,financialproblem,andpoorhealth.Hediedofcirrhosis（肝硬化）oftheliveronJune5,1910,inNewYork.Hewas48yearsoldwhenhedead.LifeofO.HenryHislastyea5Threesubjectmatters1)TheUnitedStateswesternlife（西部生活）2)LatinAmericanlife（拉美生活）3)urbansubject（大都市生活）threemajornovelsreflectthesubjectmatters:Theheartofthewest（西部之心）:describingthewesterngrasslandsandcowherdpeoplelive----描寫西部草原生活cabbagesandkings（白菜與國王）:CentralAmerica----中美洲Fourmillion（四百萬）:thecitylife,especiallyNewYorklife----城市生活，特別是紐約生活Threesubjectmatters1)TheUn6SettingMostofstoriestookplaceintheearly20thcentureinNewYork,especiallyinManhattan.Heisconcernedaboutlowerclasspeople,andmostofhisworksfocusontheordinarypaopleinanurbanbackground.SettingMostofstoriestookp7Writingtechnique1.Humorous：幽默2.Realistic：寫實3.OHenry’sTwistingEnd：歐亨利式結(jié)尾Writingtechnique1.Humorous：幽默81.Humorous：幽默

HumorisoneofAmericanliterarytraditions.O.Henryinheritedthistradition,andwasinfluencedbythecontemporarywriters.

Moreover,hisownunusualexperiencescontributetohisuniquesenseofhumorcalled"tearfulsmile"-filledwithbitter

laughter,exaggeration,irony.

1.Humorous：幽默Humori92.RealistictechniqueHisdescriptionisalwayslivelyandvivid.Manyofhisstoriescontainagreatdealofslang（俚語）andcolloquial（通俗的）expressionthatmadethemhardtobeunderstoodbypeopleoutsideofAmerican.Thisiscalledlocalcolour.Besides,mostleadingcharactersinthestoriesarepoorpeople.2.RealistictechniqueHisdes103.TwistingendTheso-calledO.Henry’stwistending

means:

theendofthearticlemakessensenotonlyunexpectedbutlogicalandconvincing.（意料之外，情理之中）e.g.

"GiftoftheMagi","thelastpieceofivyleaves“and“Thecopandtheanthem”.3.TwistingendTheso-calledO11Artisticfeature1.Narrativestructure,wellstructuredplot,andwittynarration.構(gòu)思新穎，情節(jié)巧妙。Allofstoriesaremarkedbytwistofplotandshortinsize.Andtheveryplotturnsonanironicorcoincidentalcircumstance.2.Theuseoftwistending.Thatisclimaxorunexpectedconclusiontoaworkoffiction.Itoftencontainsironyandcausesthereaderstoreexaminethecharactersornarrative.追思追憶的效果。3.Foreshadowingbeginning.伏筆式開端Healwayspreparedforthecluesfortheendingcleverly.Artisticfeature1.Narrativest12Artisticfeature

4.

Style:humurous,clear,witty.

Mostofhisstoriesareironyandaboundingood-naturedhumor.O.Henry'sownspeech,bothspokenandwritten,isalwaysclear.

Throughoutwholelife，Hewrote281shortstories(短篇)，only1novel（長篇）andseveralpoems（詩）intotal.Artisticfeature4.Style:hu13works:Novelcollections1904:CabbagesandKings《白菜與皇帝》

唯一的長篇小說1906:TheFourMillion《四百萬》1907:HeartoftheWest《西部的心》1907:TheTrimmedLamp《剪亮的燈盞》1908:TheVoiceoftheCity《城市之聲》1908:TheGentleGrafter《善良的騙子》1909:RoadsofDestiny《命運(yùn)之路》1909:Options《選擇》1910:StrictlyBusiness《毫不通融》1911:SixesandSevens《亂七八糟》1917：WaifsandStrays《流浪兒》works:Novelcollections1904:14

Twentyyearslater二十年后MammonandtheArcher財神和愛神

ACosmopoliteinaCafé咖啡館里的世界公民

“TheCopandtheAnthem”警察與贊美詩“TheFurnishedRoom”帶家具出租的房間“TheGiftoftheMagi”麥琪的禮物“TheLastLeaf”最后一片葉子“AServiceofLove”愛的隱秘“TheRansomofRedChief”紅酋長的贖金

works:SomemasterpiecesTwentyyearslater二十年后w15TheCopandtheAnthem

Publishedin1904Embodying(體現(xiàn)）hisclassicelements:asettinginNewYorkcity;anempatheticlookatthestateofmindofthememberofthelowerclass;anironicending.TheCopandtheAnthem16TheCopandtheAnthemplotsummary:Withwinter'scoming,Soapywantedtobearrested.swindling（欺騙）arestaurantvandalizing（摧殘）thewindowofluxuryshopsexuallyharassing（擾亂）ayoungwoman;pretendingtobepubliclyintoxicated（喝醉的）;stealinganotherman’sumbrellaArrested:guiltyofmisdemeanor（輕罪）TheCopandtheAnthem17Theme

Stateofmindsofthepeopleinlowerclass.

Hypocrisy（虛偽）oftheseeming（外觀）highclasspeople.

Theantithesis（對立）ofthesecularpowerandreligiouspower.ThemeStateofmindso18謝謝欣賞...謝謝欣賞...19OHenryOHenry20O.Henry歐?亨利ThefamousAmericancriticalrealistwriter

美國著名批判現(xiàn)實主義作家Oneofthethreegreatmastersofshortstoriesoftheworld(othersare:AntonChekhov契訶夫，GuydeMaupassant莫泊桑).世界三大短篇小說巨匠之一。ManhattanlaureateprosewriterandthefatherofmodernAmericanshortstories.

曼哈頓桂冠散文作家和美國現(xiàn)代短篇小說之父。

“EncyclopediaofAmericanlifewithhumor”.

美國生活的幽默百科全書O.Henry歐?亨利ThefamousAmeric21NameofO.HenryPenname:O.Henry

Anotherpenname:OlivierHenry

Hisprimitivename:WilliamsSydneyPorter

原名：威廉姆斯·西德尼·波特NameofO.HenryPenname:O.H22LifeofO.Henry.1.

BornedinNorthCarolinain1862;hisfatherwasaphysician（內(nèi)科醫(yī)生）.?2.Receivedlittleeducation.Heleftschoolat15yearsold,buthewasanavidreader.?3.Richinworkingexperiences.

Hedidavarietyofjobssuchasclerk,bookkeeper,reporter.?4.Accusedofstealingin1894andcapturedin1897.Hewassentencedto5yearsimprisonment.Atthisperiod,hebagantowriteandbecamesuccessfulinwriting.Buthewroteforbread.LifeofO.Henry.1.Bornedi23LifeofO.HenryHislastyearswastragicasaresultofalcoholism,financialproblem,andpoorhealth.Hediedofcirrhosis（肝硬化）oftheliveronJune5,1910,inNewYork.Hewas48yearsoldwhenhedead.LifeofO.HenryHislastyea24Threesubjectmatters1)TheUnitedStateswesternlife（西部生活）2)LatinAmericanlife（拉美生活）3)urbansubject（大都市生活）threemajornovelsreflectthesubjectmatters:Theheartofthewest（西部之心）:describingthewesterngrasslandsandcowherdpeoplelive----描寫西部草原生活cabbagesandkings（白菜與國王）:CentralAmerica----中美洲Fourmillion（四百萬）:thecitylife,especiallyNewYorklife----城市生活，特別是紐約生活Threesubjectmatters1)TheUn25SettingMostofstoriestookplaceintheearly20thcentureinNewYork,especiallyinManhattan.Heisconcernedaboutlowerclasspeople,andmostofhisworksfocusontheordinarypaopleinanurbanbackground.SettingMostofstoriestookp26Writingtechnique1.Humorous：幽默2.Realistic：寫實3.OHenry’sTwistingEnd：歐亨利式結(jié)尾Writingtechnique1.Humorous：幽默271.Humorous：幽默

HumorisoneofAmericanliterarytraditions.O.Henryinheritedthistradition,andwasinfluencedbythecontemporarywriters.

Moreover,hisownunusualexperiencescontributetohisuniquesenseofhumorcalled"tearfulsmile"-filledwithbitter

laughter,exaggeration,irony.

1.Humorous：幽默Humori282.RealistictechniqueHisdescriptionisalwayslivelyandvivid.Manyofhisstoriescontainagreatdealofslang（俚語）andcolloquial（通俗的）expressionthatmadethemhardtobeunderstoodbypeopleoutsideofAmerican.Thisiscalledlocalcolour.Besides,mostleadingcharactersinthestoriesarepoorpeople.2.RealistictechniqueHisdes293.TwistingendTheso-calledO.Henry’stwistending

means:

theendofthearticlemakessensenotonlyunexpectedbutlogicalandconvincing.（意料之外，情理之中）e.g.

"GiftoftheMagi","thelastpieceofivyleaves“and“Thecopandtheanthem”.3.TwistingendTheso-calledO30Artisticfeature1.Narrativestructure,wellstructuredplot,andwittynarration.構(gòu)思新穎，情節(jié)巧妙。Allofstoriesaremarkedbytwistofplotandshortinsize.Andtheveryplotturnsonanironicorcoincidentalcircumstance.2.Theuseoftwistending.Thatisclimaxorunexpectedconclusiontoaworkoffiction.Itoftencontainsironyandcausesthereaderstoreexaminethecharactersornarrative.追思追憶的效果。3.Foreshadowingbeginning.伏筆式開端Healwayspreparedforthecluesfortheendingcleverly.Artisticfeature1.Narrativest31Artisticfeature

4.

Style:humurous,clear,witty.

Mostofhisstoriesareironyandaboundingood-naturedhumor.O.Henry'sownspeech,bothspokenandwritten,isalwaysclear.

Throughoutwholelife，Hewrote281shortstories(短篇)，only1novel（長篇）andseveralpoems（詩）intotal.Artisticfeature4.Style:hu32works:Novelcollections1904:CabbagesandKings《白菜與皇帝》

唯一的長篇小說1906:TheFourMillion《四百萬》1907:HeartoftheWest《西部的心》1907:TheTrimmedLamp《剪亮的燈盞》1908:TheVoiceoftheCity《城市之聲》1908:TheGentleGrafter《善良的騙子》1909:RoadsofDestiny《命運(yùn)之路》1909:Options《選擇》1910:StrictlyBusiness《毫不通融》1911:SixesandSevens《亂七八糟》1917：WaifsandStrays《流浪兒》works:Novelcollections1904:33

Twentyyearslater二十年后MammonandtheArcher財神和愛神

ACosmo