Unit1ALandofDiversityTotrytolistthethingsyouknowaboutAmerica.Tolookatsomepicturesandpredictinformationinareadingpassage.ToreadapassageandlearnmorethingsaboutCalifornia.Itisaveryyoungcountryintheworld,whichhasonlyahistoryof200-300years.ThereisaStatueofLibertyintheeastcoast.Itisabout46metershigh.TheheadofficeoftheUNwassetupthere.TwoWorldWarsdidn’ttakeplacethere.Nowitisthestrongestcountryoftheworld.WhenwetalkabouttheUnitedStates,whatcomestoyourmind?theUSAfastfoodimmigrantsAppleInc.moviesTVseriesNewYorkCaliforniaWashington,D.C.

citiesfestivals...HowmuchdoyouknowaboutAmerica?CanyoulistthethingsthatyouknowaboutAmerica?Watchavideo.Star-SpangledBanner(星條旗)50stars—Eachstarrepresentsonestate

13stripes—theoriginal13states.Blue—

loyaltyandjusticeRed—courageWhite—

freedomTheWhiteHouseTheStatueofLiberty________________istheexecutivemansion(官邸)ofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.TheStatueofLibertyisstandingonasmallislandinNewYorkHarbor,symbolizingthespiritof_______________oftheUSA.TheWhiteHouseindependenceThelanguagetheymainlyuseis_______.Mountainrangeinthewestis___________________.ThelongestriverintheUSAis___________________.theMississippiRivertheRockyMountainsEnglishNewYork,WashingtonD.C.,LosAngeles,SanFrancisco,Chicago,NewOrleans,Houston,Philadelphia,Miami,Atlanta,Seattle,Denver,Kansas,Detroit,Boston,…CanyounamesomeimportantcitiesoftheUSA?LookatthemapoftheUSA.Workwithyourgrouptowriteonthemapthenamesofasmanyofthefollowingasyoucan.Compareyouranswerswithothergroups.oceanontheeastcoastoceanonthewestcoastcountrytothenorthofUSAcountrytothesouthofUSACaliforniamountainrangeinthewestGreatLakeslongestriverintheUSAsomeimportantcitiesSeattleSanFranciscoLosAngelesDenverHoustonNewOrleansMiamiAtlantaBostonNewYorkPhiladelphiaWashington,D.CAppalachianRockyMountainsMexicoChicagoDetroitSt.LouisCanadaAtlanticOceanPacificOceantheMississippiCaliforniaSuperiorMichiganErieHuronOntarioTheUSAliesin_________________,borderingboththe_________Oceanandthe________Ocean,between_________and________.Thereare________statesintheUS.Forty-eightofthemareinthesingleregion,while________and_________arenotcontiguous(相鄰的)withanyoftheotherstates.theNorthAmericaAtlanticPacificCanadaMexicofiftyAlaskaHawaiiTheBriefhistoryoftheUSA:1.ChristopherColumbusfirstdiscoveredAmericain1492.2.Between1607and1733theBritishestablished13coloniesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmerica.3.OnJuly4,1776,theDeclarationofIndependencewasissued,establishingtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.4.TheCivilWar(1861-1865)5.By1912,allstatesexceptAlaskaandHawaiihavebeencreated.Ifyouhaveachancetogoto

theUSA,wherewouldyouprefertovisit,CaliforniaorWashingtonDCorothercities?Why?Let’sappreciatesomepicturesaboutCalifornia.CaliforniacoastHoovertowerCaliforniasunsetHotelCaliforniaCaliforniaAndresCanyon安德烈斯峽谷LakeTahoe太浩湖DeathValleyCaliforniaisamazing.Thepleasantweather,longbeachandgracefulnaturallandscapemakethetourismprosperous.HowiseachpicturerelevanttothehistoryofCalifornia?NativeAmericans—oneofthefirstpeopletoliveinCalifornia.Goldminers—thediscoveryofgoldinCaliforniacreatedagoldrushwhichbroughtpeoplefromallovertheworldtoCalifornia.

AbuildinginChinatown,SanFrancisco—ManyChinesehavesettledinCaliforniaandmanyofthemliveinChinatowninSanFrancisco.NativeAmericansSomepicturesaboutthehistoryofCaliforniaGoldRushPeriodCaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.加州是美國第三大州，但人口最多。ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.加州與眾不同之處在于它也是美國最具多元文化的一個州，它吸引了來自世界各地的人們。這些移民的風俗習慣以及語言在他們的新家都得以延續(xù)。。ThisdiversityofcultureisnotsurprisingwhenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia.

當你了解了加利福尼亞的歷史后，你就不會對此感到驚訝了。1.NATIVEAMERCANS美洲土著人ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.最早的一批人具體是在什么時候來到我們現(xiàn)在所知道的加利福尼亞地區(qū)的，誰也說不清楚。

However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，很可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亞了。ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridge[whichexistedinprehistorictimes].

科學家們認為，這些遷居者通過一條史前時代曾經(jīng)存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達美洲。Inthe16thcentury,afterthearrivaloftheEuropeans,thenativepeoplesufferedgreatlyThousandswerekilledorforcedintoslavery..歐洲人在16世紀來到這兒后，土著人遭受了極大的苦難，成千上萬的人被殺害或被迫成為奴隸。Inaddition,manydiedfromthediseases[broughtbytheEuropeans.]此外，歐洲人帶來了疾病，使許多人染病而死，However,somesurvivedtheseterribletimes,andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericanslivinginCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.不過，還是有一些人在經(jīng)歷了這些恐怖時期后活下來了。今天住在加利福尼亞的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。2.THESPANISH西班牙人Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcentury,whentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtooktheirland.在18世紀的時候，加利福尼亞是由西班牙統(tǒng)治的西班牙士兵最早是在16世紀初期來到南美洲的，他們同土著人打仗，并奪去了他們的土地.Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.兩個世紀以后，西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地區(qū)定居下來，而且還在我們現(xiàn)在稱之為美國的西北沿海地區(qū)住下來.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責是向原住民傳授天主教。In1821,thepeopleofMexicogainedtheirindependencefromSpain.CaliforniathenbecamepartofMexico.1821年，墨西哥人從西班牙獲得了獨立-加利福尼亞于是成了墨西哥的一部分。In1846theUnitedStatesdeclaredwaronMexico,andafterthewarwonbytheUSA,MexicohadtogiveCaliforniatotheUSA.1846年美國向墨西哥宣戰(zhàn)，美國贏得戰(zhàn)爭勝利后，墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亞割讓給美國。However,thereisstillastrongSpanishinfluenceinthestate.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

但是，這個州至今仍然保留著很強的西班牙的影響。這就是為什么今天還有40%的加利福尼亞人仍然把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的緣故。3.RUSSIANS俄羅斯人Intheearly1800s,Russianhunters,[whohadoriginallygonetoAlaska,begansettlinginCalifornia.]19世紀初期，[一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄羅斯獵人]開始在加利福尼亞定居下來。Todaythereareabout25,000Russian-Americanslivinginandaround（現(xiàn)在分詞作定語）SanFrancisco.今天，住在圣弗朗西斯科（舊金山）及其周邊地區(qū)的美籍俄羅斯人約有25,000人。4.GOLDMINERS淘金礦工In1848,notlongaftertheAmerican-Mexicanwar,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.1848年，在美國同墨西哥開戰(zhàn)之后不久，在加利福尼亞發(fā)現(xiàn)了金礦。Thedreamofbecomingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.發(fā)財夢很快就吸引了世界各地的人。隨后跟著來的有歐洲和亞洲的探險家。事實上很少有人圓了發(fā)財夢。Thenearest,andthereforethefirsttoarrive,（todo不定式做定語）wereSouthAmericansandpeoplefromtheUnitedStates.距離最近因而來得最早的是南美洲人和美國人。ThenadventurersfromEuropeandAsiasoonfollowed.Infact,fewachievedtheirdreamofbecomingrich.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.Theysettledinthenewtownsoronfarms.Makealiving一些人死了或回家了，但是盡管條件十分艱苦，多數(shù)人還是留在了加利福尼亞勞作謀生，并在新的城鎮(zhèn)或農(nóng)場里定居下來。BythetimeCaliforniaelectedto（決定做某事）becomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.

到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國第31個州的時候，它已經(jīng)是一個有著多種文化的社會了。5.LATERARRIVALS后來的移民

AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPeriod,雖然中國移民在淘金熱時期就開始到來了，itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.（強調(diào)句）正是19世紀60年代要修建貫穿美國東西海岸的鐵路，才使得更大批量的移民來到此地。Today,Chinese-AmericansliveinallpartsofCalifornia,althoughalargepercentagehavechosentostayinthe"Chinatowns"ofLosAngelesandSanFrancisco.

今天，加利福尼亞州各地都有美籍華人，盡管有很大比例的華人還是選擇住在洛杉磯和圣弗朗西斯科（舊金山）的“中國城”里。Otherimmigrants【suchasItalians,mainlyfishermenbutalsowinemakers,】arrivedinCaliforniainthelate19thcentury.19世紀后期，其他國家的移民，比如意大利人來到了加利福尼亞，他們主要是漁民，也有制酒工人。In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,【whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.】1911年，丹麥的移民建立了自己的城鎮(zhèn)，【至今仍然保留著丹麥文化】。Bythe1920sthefilmindustrywaswellestablishedinHollywood,California.TheindustryboomattractedEuropeansincludingmanyJewishpeople.20世紀20年代，電影業(yè)在加州的好萊塢建立了起來。這個行業(yè)吸引了大量的歐洲人，包括許多猶太人。TodayCaliforniahasthesecondlargestJewishpopulationintheUnitedStates.

今天，加利福尼亞的猶太人口在美國占第二位。JapanesefarmersbeganarrivinginCaliforniaatthebeginningofthe20thcentury,andsincethe1980salotmorehavesettledthere.

日本農(nóng)民是在20世紀初期開始到加利福尼亞來的，而從20世紀80年代以來就有更多的日本人在加利福尼亞定居了。PeoplefromAfricahavebeenlivinginCaliforniasincethe1800s,whentheymovednorthfromMexico.非洲人從19世紀就一直在加利福尼亞住下來，他們是從墨西哥向北遷來的。However,evenmorearrivedbetween1942and1945toworkintheshipandaircraftindustries.

然而，更多的非洲人是在1942年至1945年期間來到加利福尼亞的，當時他們是到船廠和飛機廠工作。

6.MOSTRECENTARRIVALS最近期的移民Inmorerecentdecades,CaliforniahasbecomehometomorepeoplefromAsia,includingKoreans,Cambodians,VietnameseandLaotians.在最近的幾十年里，加利福尼亞成了更多的亞洲人的家，包括朝鮮人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老撾人。Sinceitsbeginninginthe1970s,thecomputerindustryhasattractedIndiansandPakistanistoCalifornia.

從20世紀70年代以來，計算機工業(yè)吸引了印度人和巴基斯坦人來到加州。

7.THEFUTURE未來展望People{【fromdifferentpartsoftheworld】（定語）,【attractedbytheclimateandthelifestyle,】}（狀語）stillimmigratetoCalifornia.

【世界各地的】人，【由于受到氣候條件和生活方式的吸引】，仍然在繼續(xù)遷入加利福尼亞。Itisbelievedthatbeforelong

【themixofnationalities】willbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.

人們認為，要不了多久，【多種國籍的混合】將會非常之大，以致不可能存在一種主要的種族或文化群體，而是多種族、多文化的混合體。1.Californiaisthe_____largeststateintheUSA.A.thirdB.secondC.fourthD.fifth2.California,astateinthewesternUSA,borders______.A.thePacificOceanB.theIndianOceanC.theAtlanticOceanD.theArcticOceanGeneralknowledgequizaboutCalifornia.3._____isCalifornia’slargestandthenation’ssecondlargestcity.SacramentoB.LosAngelesC.SanDiegoD.SanFrancisco4.California’sofficialnicknameisthe_____.A.SunflowerStateB.GoldenStateC.LandofOpportunityD.EvergreenState5._____hasthelargestpopulationintheUSA.A.CaliforniaB.Alaska

C.WashingtonD.Texas6.CaliforniaenteredtheUniononSeptember9th1850,asthe____state.A.thirtiethB.thirty-eighthC.thirty-secondD.thirty-firstThetextisaboutthebrief_______ofCalifornia,whichfocusesonthesettlementofthestate.historyReadthetextquicklyandcompleteitsmainidea.15,000yearsago16thcentury1821184618481850TheUSdeclaredwaronMexico.GoldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.FirstsettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmerica.ThesepeoplearenowknownasNativeAmericans.SpanishsoldiersarrivedinSouthAmerica.CaliforniabecamepartofMexico.Californiabecamethe31ststateoftheUS.BesideeachtimenotedownanimportanteventinCalifornianhistory.Spanish______________________Russians_____________________Africans_____________________Chinese______________________Italians______________________Danish______________________BesideeachculturalgroupwritetheperiodinwhichtheyfirstcametoCheearly16thcenturyearly1800s1800slate1840s/early1850sinthelate19thcentury1911Jewish___________________________Japanese_________________________Koreans_________________________Cambodians______________________Vietnamese______________________Pakistanis_______________________beginningofthe20thcentury1920sinmorerecentdecadesfromaboutthe1970sfromaboutthe1970sfromaboutthe1970sReadthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks.BeringStrait

land

CatholicRussians

Asia

winemakersfilmAfricansKoreansculturesPutthefollowingeventsinthecorrectorder.A.ThenativepeoplesufferedgreatlyafterthearrivaloftheEuropeans.B.RussianhunterscametoAlaska.C.TheSpanishbegantoruleCalifornia.D.ItalianfishermenandwinemakersarrivedinCalifornia.E.NativeAmericanscametoCaliforniabycrossingtheBeringStrait.F.TheUSAdeclaredwaronMexico.G.GoldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.H.IndiansandPakistaniscametoCaliforniaforthecomputerindustry.1-E

2-H

3-B

4-J

5-L

6-A

7-D

8-G

9-C

10-K

11-F

12-ICompletethepassage.Californiais______thirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation._____isthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.Thisisnot__________(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia.Noonereally_________(know)whenthefirstpeoplearrivedin_______wenowknowasCalifornia.ScientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAmerica_____meansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.theItsurprisingknowswhatbyInmorerecentdecades,Californiahasbecomehometo________(many)peoplefromAsia,includingKoreans,Cambodians,VietnameseandLaotians.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajority________(be)religiousmen.In1848,gold______________(discover)inCalifornia.Thedreamofbecomingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact,fewachievedtheirdream.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifefor__________(they)despitegreathardship.werethemselveswasdiscoveredmoreWhyisCaliforniasuchamulticulturalcommunity?Whatproblemsdoyouthinkmightarise?Explaininyourownwords.Writethreeorfoursentences.Compareyouranswerswithyourpartner.ThestateofCaliforniaisamulticulturalcommunitybecauseEuropean,AfricanandAsianpeoplehavebeenmovingintothestateforthelast200years.Itisthismixofpeopleswiththeirowncustoms,cultureandfoodthathavegivenCaliforniaitsmu