被動(dòng)語態(tài)初三英語語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)ThePassiveVoice1.Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.2.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.4.Lucky52iswatchedonTVbymanypeople.3.Theticketsaboutheroesaresoldout.5.RiceisplantedinSouthChina.6.Heissaidagoodboy.語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語有兩種語態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Manystudents

study

English.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))English

isstudied

bymanystudents.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法1.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。2.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的謂語。3.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的by短語。（①by短語可以省。②by短語后跟代詞的賓格。）bytheteacher.3.Theteacheroftenasks

himquestions.HeisaskedquestionsHisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Bowlsarewashedbyhis

brother

every

day.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory。主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were+過去分詞Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.4．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.下列時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成

1.Lucyiswateringthetrees.

2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.

看一看想一想Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is/are+being+過去分詞We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：S+have/has+been+過去分詞各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：S+am/is/are+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+done各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成S+am/is/are+being+doneS+was/were+being+doneSuchbooksarewrittenforchildren.這些書是為兒童寫的。Ihaven’tbeentoldaboutit.沒有人告訴我這件事被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰.It’s/wassaid/believed/reported/+that…It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.據(jù)報(bào)道，這次地震中大約有三百人死亡。

（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，這時(shí)應(yīng)用by短語。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客觀說明時(shí)，常采用一種被動(dòng)語態(tài)句型.如：1.Hegaveme

abook.－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.（以I做主語）－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.（以物book作主語）2.Heteachesus

English.－WearetaughtEnglishbyhim.（以人當(dāng)主語）－Englishistaughttousbyhim.（以物作主語）被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種類型1.帶雙賓語句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài).（指物的賓語叫直接賓語，指人的賓語叫間接賓語）常見的接雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,handfor:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以“人”當(dāng)主語時(shí)，變法和一般的變法一樣；以“物”當(dāng)主語時(shí)，在保留的間接賓語前必須加to或for.[1].NowEnglish____bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.

A.speaks

B.isspoken

C.wasspoken一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：am/is/are+PP[2].Thelostboy____atthestreetcornerlastnight.

A.wasfound

B.isfound

C.waslookedfor一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：was/were+PP[3].Moreman-madesatellites____inthefuture.

A.willsendup

B.willbesentup

C.aresentup一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：will+be+PPbegoingto+be+PP[5].Flowers____everyday.

A.hasbeenwatered

B.shouldbewatered

C.shouldwater含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+PP考點(diǎn)二:被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的特殊情況:[6].

①

Goodmedicine___bittertothemouth.

A.tastesB.istastedC.taste

②Thispen___well.

A.issoldB.sellC.sells感官動(dòng)詞,和sell等動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng).[7].Manypeople___duringtheearthquakeinMay,2008.

A.weredied

B.dead

C.diedhappen,last,die等動(dòng)詞不使用被動(dòng).[8].Theman____cleanthetoiletbecausehe___rubbishboutwhenthepolicewalkedpastthepark.

A.wasmade;wasseentothrow

B.wasmadeto;wasseenthrowing

C.made;saw“一感二聽三使四看”在被動(dòng)句中to要還原see/hearsb.dosthbeseen/heardtodosthsee/hearsb.doingsth.beseen/hearddoingsth.makesb.dosth.bemadetodosth.主動(dòng):被動(dòng):主動(dòng):被動(dòng):主動(dòng):被動(dòng):feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice等[9].Childrenshould___.

A.takegoodcareof

B.betakengoodcare

C.betakengoodcareof固定短語的被動(dòng)不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞下列這些短語本身即是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式，不需再加－bybecoveredwith…用…覆蓋著beinterestedin…對…感興趣besurprisedat…對…感到驚奇bemadeof（from）用…制造的動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)takecareof－betakencareofcutdown－becutdownlaughat－belaughedatlookafter－belookedafter[10].Yourdesk___.

A.needsrepair

B.needsrepairing

C.needstorepairneed,allow可以用-ing形式表示被動(dòng)needtobedone=needdoingbeallowedtodo=allowdoing11.在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，例如：

據(jù)說…… Itissaidthat…據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)…… Itisreportedthat…據(jù)推測…… Itissupposedthat…

（1）當(dāng)主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語是反身代詞和相互代詞時(shí)，不能改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Weoftenhelpeachother.（2）當(dāng)謂語是表狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)（如have,like,takeplace,belongto…）如：Iliketheseflowers.Iwillhaveameeting.不說Ameetingwillbehad.應(yīng)說Ameetingwillbeheld.不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種情況把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài):Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.2）Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．3）WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo…．Practice4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．

TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool．Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．填空（完成被動(dòng)語態(tài)填空）1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.

iscleanedwasgivenbyPractice3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）English__________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillpublishthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）Thesestory-books_______________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillbepublished6.Anotherman-madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek(濟(jì)南市中考題）——————anotherman-madesatelliteintospacelastweek.變主動(dòng)語態(tài)7.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees__________bypeopletherelastyear.(青島市中考題）8.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_____________onthefarm（上海市中考題）Theysentupwereplantedaregrown中考題5.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait7._____toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken9.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven11.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Plays______twiceamonthinthattheatre.A.putonB.areputonC.wasputonD.oftenputon

13.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto14.Astrangesound______yesterdayevening.A.washeardB.