書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津職業(yè)技術(shù)師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Ihaven'treadthatbook,butjustfromlookingoverthe（）,Ithinkitwouldbeworthreading.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.forefront

B.foreword

C.forehead

D.forename

【答案】B

【解析】forefront"最前線,最前部";foreword"序,前言";forehead"前額,額頭";forename"在姓前面的名"。句意：我沒有讀過那本書,但是僅僅只看了前言我就覺得這本書值得一看。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

Afewminutesago,walkingbackfromlunch,IstartedtocrossthestreetwhenIheardthesoundofacoindropping.Itwasn’tmuchbutasIturned,myeyescaughttheheadsofseveralotherpeopleturningtoo.Awomanhaddroppedwhatappearedtobeadime.

Thetinklingsoundofacoindroppingonpavementisanattention-getter.Itcanbenothingmorethanapenny.Whateverthecoinis,nooneignoresthesoundofit.Itgotmethinkingaboutsoundsagain.

Wearebesiegedbysomanysoundsthatattractthemostattention.PeopleinNewYorkCity,seldomturntolookwhenafireengine,apolicecaroranambulancecomesscreamingalongthestreet.WhenIaminNewYork,I’maNewYorker.Idon’tturneither.Likethenatives,Ihardlyhearasirenthere.AthomeinmylittletowninConnecticut.It’sdifferent.Thedistantwailofapolicecar,andemergencyvehicleorafiresirenbringsmetomyfeetifI’mseatedandbringsmetothewindowifI’minbed.It’sthequietestsoundsthathavemosteffectonus,nottheloudest.Inthemiddleofthenight,Icanhearadrippingtapahundredyardsawaythroughthreecloseddoors.I’vebeenhearinglittlecreakingnoiseandsoundswhichimaginationturnsintofootstepsinthemiddleofthenightfortwenty-fiveyearsinourhouse.HowcomeIneverhearthosesoundsinthedaytime?I’mquiteclearinmymindwhatthegoodsoundsareandwhatthebadsoundsare.

I’veturnedagainstwhistling,forinstance.IusedtothinkofitasthemarkofahappyworkerbutlatelyI’vebeenassociatingthewhistlerwithanervouspersonmakingcompulsivenoises.

Thetapping,tapping,tappingofmytypewriterasthekeyshitthepaperisalovelysoundtome.IoftenlikethesoundorwhatIwritebetterthanthelooksofit.

1.Thesoundofacoindroppingmakespeople（），

2.PeopleinNewYork（）.

3.Howdoestheauthorrelatetosoundsatnight?

4.Hedislikeswhistlingbecause（

）.

5.Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutsoundsingeneral?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thinkofmoney

B.lookateachother

C.payattentiontoit

D.stopcrossingthestreet

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.don’tcareaboutemergencies

B.areusedtosirens

C.areattractedbysounds

D.don’thearloudnoises

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Heimaginessoundsthatdonotexist.

B.Heexaggeratesquietsounds.

C.Hethinkstapsshouldbeturnedoff.

D.Hebelievesit’sratherquietatnight.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.heistiredofit

B.heusedtobehappier

C.itremindshimoftensepeople

D.hedoesn’tlikeworkers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theymakehimfeelathome.

B.Hethinkstheyshouldbeignored.

C.Hebelievestheyarepartofourlives.

D.Hepreferssilencetoloudnoises.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:文章第二段第一句Thetinklingsoundofacoindroppingonpavementisanattention-getter可知硬幣落地的聲音會(huì)吸引人們的注意力，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第2題:文章第三段第二句和第三句話可知生活在紐約的人已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了像警車、救護(hù)車這類型的聲音，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第3題:文章第三段提到Inthemiddleofthenight,Icanhearadrippingtapahundredyardsawaythroughthreecloseddoors，在安靜的午夜，他甚至能夠聽到一百碼以外并且還隔了三層門的水管滴水的聲音。當(dāng)然這是一種夸張的說法，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第4題:文章倒數(shù)第二段提到IusedtothinkofitasthemarkofahappyworkerbutlatelyI’vebeenassociatingthewhistlerwithanervouspersonmakingcompulsivenoises，whistling會(huì)讓他想起工作緊張的工人。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第5題:文章中提到了生活中的各種聲音，比如警車的聲音、救護(hù)車的聲音、水管滴水的聲音、口哨聲、打字機(jī)打字的聲音等等，都說明聲音就是我們生活中的一部分，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningofthe17thcentury,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarchandofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewish,andnaturalinferioritytomen.

Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558-1603),theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenoppositionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranothermostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen'smatureandrole.

Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistenceoneveryChristian’simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhisorherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality:“ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfemale:foryearealloneinJesusChrist.”SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthe-supremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.

Thereisalsothegaporslappedbetweenideologyandcommonexperience.Englishwomenthroughoutthe17thcenturyexercisedagooddealofaccrualpower:asmanagersofestatesintheirhusbands’absencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmission;asmembersofguildsaswivesandmotherswhoapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnum(1640-60)astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreacher,asprophetesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpoliticaltracts.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

36.WhatdidtheQueenElizabethdoforthewomeninculture?

37.WhichofthefollowingisNotmentionasareasontoenablewomentooriginaltexts?

38.Whatdidthereligionsoforthewomen?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Women’sPositioninthe17thCentury.

B.Women’sSubjectiontoPatriarchy.

C.SocialCircumstancesinthe17thCentury.

D.Women’sObjectioninthe17thCentury.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Shesetanimpressivefemaleexampletofollow.

B.Shedominatedtheculture.

C.Shedidlittle.

D.Sheallowedwomentotranslatesomething.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Femalecommunitiesprovidedsomecounterweighttopatriarchy.

B.QueenAnne’spoliticalactivities.

C.Mostwomenhadagoodeducation.

D.QueenElizabeth’spoliticalactivities.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itdidnothing.

B.Ittooaskedwomentobeobedientexceptsometexts.

C.Itsupportedwomen.

D.ItappealedtotheGod.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是什么？”。通讀全文，文章第一段先闡述女性由于父權(quán)文化和宗教制度使得女性在很多方面都受到大量壓制和公然歧視，接著第二段論述了在伊麗莎白時(shí)期一些女性群體在文學(xué)方面對父權(quán)制而做的一些平衡抗壓的舉措，第三段闡述了在宗教上，大部分文本都是支持父權(quán)主義的，最后闡述了17世紀(jì)的女性在男性不在的時(shí)候，行使了大量的權(quán)責(zé)證明意識(shí)形態(tài)和一般經(jīng)驗(yàn)之間的差距。綜合可以推理，這篇文章主要講述的是17世紀(jì)的女性在社會(huì)中所處的一個(gè)地位，A項(xiàng)“17世紀(jì)女性的地位”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“女性對父權(quán)制的服從”、C項(xiàng)“17世紀(jì)的社會(huì)環(huán)境”和D項(xiàng)“17世紀(jì)女性的反對”都是文章提到的一部分，不能全面概括整篇文章。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

36.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“伊麗莎白女王在文化上為女性做了什么？”。根據(jù)第二段第二句DuringtheElizabethanera(1558-1603),theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.（在伊麗莎白時(shí)代統(tǒng)治期間，文化領(lǐng)域?yàn)閺?qiáng)大的女王所主導(dǎo)，她本人確實(shí)樹立了令人難忘的女性形象，可是她并沒有為其他女性能夠創(chuàng)作一些東西）可知，雖然伊麗莎白女王樹立了令人印象深刻的女性形象，但是她在文化上并沒有為女性創(chuàng)造些什么，所以C項(xiàng)“她沒做什么”正確。A項(xiàng)“她為女性樹立了榜樣”和B項(xiàng)“她主導(dǎo)了文化”并不是重點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)在though后面的內(nèi)容，這兩項(xiàng)不選。D項(xiàng)“她允許女性翻譯一些東西”，文中并沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)是伊麗莎白女王讓女性從事翻譯，D項(xiàng)無中生有。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

37.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“作為使女性能夠創(chuàng)造原作的理由，以下哪項(xiàng)未被提及？”。根據(jù)第二段中的Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenoppositionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranothermostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation…（然而，在17世紀(jì)，各種情況使女性能夠以一定數(shù)量寫出原作。一方面，女性群體為父權(quán)制提供了一些平衡力量：母親和女兒、延伸的親屬網(wǎng)絡(luò)、親密的女性朋友、安妮王后單獨(dú)的宮殿以及她對立的化裝舞會(huì)和政治活動(dòng)。另一方面，這些女性大多受過良好的教育……）可知，A項(xiàng)“女性群體為父權(quán)制提供了一些平衡”、B項(xiàng)“安妮女王的政治活動(dòng)”和C項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)女性都受過良好的教育”都有提及。只有D項(xiàng)“伊麗莎白女王的政治活動(dòng)”在文中并沒有提及。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

38.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“宗教對女性有什么影響？”。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality…SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthe-supremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.（在圣保羅的書信和圣經(jīng)的其他地方有大量的支持父權(quán)制和妻子對丈夫的服從的文本，但一些文本記載了一種非常不同的政治，促進(jìn)女性精神平等……這樣的經(jīng)文鼓勵(lì)一些女性去爭取最高的族長,即上帝的支持，反對那些聲稱代替上帝站在她們身邊的世俗族長。）可知，圣保羅書信和圣經(jīng)有大量的文本支持父權(quán)主義，但是仍然有一些文本鼓勵(lì)女性去爭取上帝的支持，鼓勵(lì)女性去反對父權(quán)主義，所以B項(xiàng)“除了某些文本外，它們也要求女性服從”符合題意，從而也可知A項(xiàng)“沒什么影響”錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)“它支持女性”不夠全面，只有某些文本支持女性。第一段中指出Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarchandofallChristianstoGod.（因此，女性首先服從父親，然后服從丈夫，體現(xiàn)了英國人民服從他們的君主，所有基督徒服從上帝。），可知，宗教是借上帝的名義來壓制女性，使她們服從父權(quán)制，而不是求助于上帝，D項(xiàng)“它求助于上帝”不符合原文。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

HeexpectedtheHousetopassthebillbyacomfortable（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maple

B.marble

C.marsh

D.margin

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析。maple楓樹；marble大理石；marsh沼澤；均不符合句意。margin指（在時(shí)間或票數(shù)上領(lǐng)先的）幅度,差額,差數(shù)。句意:他希望眾議院能以輕松的優(yōu)勢通過這項(xiàng)法案。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

5.單選題

Thepatient'sprogresswasveryencouragingashecould（）getoutofbedwithouthelp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nearly

B.hardly

C.merely

D.barely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)nearly表示“差不多，幾乎”，B選項(xiàng)hardly表示“幾乎不，簡直不，剛剛”，C選項(xiàng)merely表示“僅僅，只不過，只是”，D選項(xiàng)barely表示“僅僅，勉強(qiáng)，幾乎不，貧乏的”。根據(jù)句意“這位病人的進(jìn)步讓人興奮”可知，病人可以不需要?jiǎng)e人幫忙就能下床走路，空缺處單詞應(yīng)表示肯定。因此，只有A選項(xiàng)最符合原文語境，故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

6.單選題

Nuclearweaponsarenottheonlyexplosiveforce（）civilization.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.frightening

B.brightening

C.strengthening

D.threatening

【答案】D

【解析】句意:核武器不是威脅人類文明的唯一爆破力。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作explosiveforce的后置定語。frighten使驚嚇,嚇唬;brighten(使)更明亮,色彩鮮艷,(使)快活起來;strengthen加強(qiáng),鞏固;threaten威脅,恐嚇。因此D符合句意。

7.單選題

Thegroupoftechniciansareengagedinastudywhich（

）allaspectsofurbanplanning.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inserts

B.grips

C.performs

D.embraces

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這組技術(shù)人員正忙于一項(xiàng)涉及到城市規(guī)劃所有方面的研究。

動(dòng)詞辨析。Insert插入，嵌入;grip抓住，緊握;perform執(zhí)行,完成;embrace擁抱,包含。故D符合句意。

8.單選題

The（）ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】C

【解析】clash沖突；clarify澄清，闡明；clarity清澈，透明；clatter嘩啦聲，嘈雜聲。句意：清澈的泉水吸引了許多來自全國各地的游客。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Scatteredaroundtheglobearemorethanonehundredregionsofvolcanicactivityknownashotspots(hotspot:aplaceintheuppermantleoftheearthatwhichhotmagmafromthelowermantleupwellstomeltthroughthecrustusuallyintheinteriorofatectonicplatetoformavolcanicfeature;alsoaplaceinthecrustoverlyingahotspot).Unlikemostvolcanoes,hotspotsarerarelyfoundalongtheboundariesofthecontinentalandoceanicplatesthatcomprisetheEarth’scrust;mosthotspotsliedeepintheinteriorofplatesandareanchoreddeepinthelayersoftheEarth’ssurface.Hotspotsarealsodistinguishedfromothervolcanoesbytheirlavas,whichcontaingreateramountsofalkalimetalsthandothosefromvolcanoesatplatemargins.

Insomecases,platesmovingpasthotspotshavelefttrailsofextinctvolcanoesinmuchthesamewaythatwindpassingoverachimneycarriesoffpuffsofsmoke.ItappearsthattheHawaiianIslandswerecreatedinsuchamannerbyasinglesourceoflava,wellingupfromahotspot,overwhichthePacificOceanplatepassedonacourseroughlyfromtheeasttowardthenorthwest,carryingoffalineofvolcanoesofincreasingage.TwootherPacificislandchains—theAustralRidgeandtheTuamotuRidge—paralleltheconfigurationoftheHawaiianchain;theyarealsoalignedfromtheeasttowardthenorthwest,withthemostrecentvolcanicactivityneartheireasternterminuses.

ThatthePacificplateandtheotherplatesaremovingisnowbeyonddispute;therelativemotionoftheplateshasbeenreconstructedindetail.HowevertherelativemotionoftheplateswithrespecttotheEarth’sinteriorcannotbedeterminedeasily.Hotspotsprovidethemeasuringinstrumentsforresolvingthequestionofwhethertwocontinentalplatesaremovinginoppositedirectionsorwhetheroneisstationaryandtheotherisdriftingawayfromit.Themostcompellingevidencethatacontinentalplateisstationaryisthat,atsomehotspots,lavasofseveralagesaresuperposedinsteadofbeingspreadoutinchronologicalsequence.Ofcourse,reconstructionofplatemotionfromthetracksofhot-spotvolcanoesassumesthathotspotsareimmobile,ornearlyso.Severalstudiessupportsuchanassumption,includingonethathasshownthatprominenthotspotsthroughouttheworldseemnottohavemovedduringthepasttenmillionyears.

Beyondactingasframesofreference,hotspotsapparentlyinfluencethegeophysicalprocessesthatpropeltheplatesacrosstheglobe.Whenacontinentalplatecomestorestoverahotspot,materialwellingupfromdeeperlayersformsabroaddomethat,asitgrows,developsdeepfissures.Insomeinstances,thecontinentalplatemayruptureentirelyalongsomeofthefissuressothatthehotspotinitiatestheformationofanewocean.Thus,justasearliertheorieshaveexplainedthemobilityofthecontinentalplates,sohot-spotactivitymaysuggestatheorytoexplaintheirmutability.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,hotspotsdifferfrommostvolcanoesinthathotspots________.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatevidencefortheapparentcourseofthePacificplatehasbeenprovidedbythe________.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthespreadingoutoflavasofdifferentagesathotspotsindicatesthata________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.explainhowtoestimatetheageoflavaflowsfromextinctvolcanoes

B.describethewayinwhichhotspotsinfluencetheextinctionofvolcanoes

C.describehotspotsandexplainhowtheyappeartoinfluenceandrecordthemotionofplates

D.describeandexplaintheformationoftheoceansandcontinents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.aresituatedclosertotheearth’ssurface

B.havegreateramountsofalkalimetalsintheirlavas

C.canbefoundalongtheedgesoftheplates

D.areactivewhereasallothervolcanoesareextinct

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.concurrentmovementoftwohotspots

B.configurationsofseveralmid-oceanislandchains

C.patternoffissuresintheoceanfloor

D.dimensionsofoceanhotspots

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.continentalruptureisimminent

B.hotspotisactive

C.hotspothadbeenmovingveryrapidly

D.continentalplatehasmoved

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)“解釋如何估計(jì)死火山熔巖流的年齡”；B選項(xiàng)“描述熱點(diǎn)影響火山滅絕的方式”；C選項(xiàng)“描述熱點(diǎn)并解釋它們是如何影響和記錄板塊運(yùn)動(dòng)的”；D選項(xiàng)“描述并解釋海洋和大陸的形成”。根據(jù)題干，定位到文章第一段第一句Scatteredaroundtheglobearemorethanonehundredregionsofvolcanicactivityknownashotspots（地球上散布著100多個(gè)被稱為熱點(diǎn)的火山活動(dòng)區(qū)域）；第二段第一句Insomecases,platesmovingpasthotspotshavelefttrailsofextinctvolcanoes…（在某些情況下，板塊經(jīng)過熱點(diǎn)時(shí)留下了死火山的痕跡……）；第三段第三句Hotspotsprovidethemeasuringinstrumentsforresolvingthequestionof…（熱點(diǎn)為解決熱點(diǎn)問題提供了測量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)……）；第四段第一句Beyondactingasframesofreference,hotspotsapparentlyinfluencethegeophysicalprocessesthatpropeltheplatesacrosstheglobe.（除了作為參考的框架，熱點(diǎn)顯然還影響著推動(dòng)板塊在全球范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)的地球物理過程。）從這四句可以看出，整篇文章講述了熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)以及它在追溯板塊運(yùn)動(dòng)方面所起的作用，因此答案選C；A選項(xiàng)只是提及沒有展開細(xì)講，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)不能影響火山的滅絕；D選項(xiàng)與文章無關(guān)。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，熱點(diǎn)不同于大多數(shù)火山在于熱點(diǎn)……。A選項(xiàng)“都位于更接近地球表面的地方”；B選項(xiàng)“熔巖中含有更多的堿金屬”；C選項(xiàng)“能在板塊的邊緣找到”；D選項(xiàng)“是活火山，而其他的火山都是死火山”。最后一段倒數(shù)一二句話Unlikemostvolcanoes,hotspotsarerarelyfoundalongtheboundariesofthecontinentalandoceanicplatesthatcomprisetheEarth’scrust;mosthotspotsliedeepintheinteriorofplatesandareanchoreddeepinthelayersoftheEarth’ssurface.Hotspotsarealsodistinguishedfromothervolcanoesbytheirlavas,whichcontaingreateramountsofalkalimetalsthandothosefromvolcanoesatplatemargins.（與大多數(shù)火山不同，熱點(diǎn)很少沿著組成地殼的大陸和海洋板塊的邊界出現(xiàn)；大多數(shù)熱點(diǎn)位于板塊內(nèi)部深處，并錨定在地球表面的深層。熱點(diǎn)與其他火山的區(qū)別還在于它們的熔巖，它們比板塊邊緣的火山含有更多的堿金屬。）由此可知答案選B。其他選項(xiàng)文中沒有提及是否為熱點(diǎn)和其他種類的火山的不同。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干：從文章中可以推斷出，太平洋板塊的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡的證據(jù)可以由（）所提供。A選項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)熱點(diǎn)同時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)“幾個(gè)海洋中部島鏈的構(gòu)造”；C選項(xiàng)“海底裂縫的形狀”；D選項(xiàng)“海洋熱點(diǎn)的尺寸”。第二段第一、二、三句話Insomecases,platesmovingpasthotspotshavelefttrailsofextinctvolcanoesinmuchthesamewaythatwindpassingoverachimneycarriesoffpuffsofsmoke.ItappearsthattheHawaiianIslandswerecreatedinsuchamannerbyasinglesourceoflava,wellingupfromahotspot,overwhichthePacificOceanplatepassedonacourseroughlyfromtheeasttowardthenorthwest,carryingoffalineofvolcanoesofincreasingage.TwootherPacificislandchains…paralleltheconfigurationoftheHawaiianchain…（在某些情況下，板塊移動(dòng)經(jīng)過熱點(diǎn)時(shí)會(huì)留下死火山的痕跡，就像風(fēng)吹過煙囪帶走縷縷煙霧一樣。夏威夷群島似乎是由一個(gè)單一的熔巖源以這樣的方式形成的，熔巖從一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)噴涌而出，太平洋板塊在這個(gè)熱點(diǎn)上大致由東向西北移動(dòng)，帶走了一排年齡越來越大的火山。另外兩個(gè)太平洋島鏈……與夏威夷島鏈的構(gòu)造平行……）從這兩句可以看出板塊在運(yùn)動(dòng)后就會(huì)留下火山的痕跡，而夏威夷群島就是板塊運(yùn)動(dòng)過后留下的產(chǎn)物，所以從夏威夷群島以及其他島鏈構(gòu)造就可以看出板塊運(yùn)動(dòng)的痕跡，所以答案選B。其他選項(xiàng)不符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干：從文章中推斷出，不同時(shí)代的熔巖在熱點(diǎn)處的擴(kuò)展表明……。A選項(xiàng)“大陸很快就會(huì)破裂”；B選項(xiàng)“熱點(diǎn)活躍”；C選項(xiàng)“熱點(diǎn)一直在快速移動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)“大陸板塊移動(dòng)”。定位到第三段第二句話Themostcompellingevidencethatacontinentalplateisstationaryisthat,atsomehotspots,lavasofseveralagesaresuperposedinsteadofbeingspreadoutinchronologicalsequence.（大陸板塊是靜止不動(dòng)的最令人信服的證據(jù)是，在某些熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)，不同時(shí)代的熔巖是疊加在一起的，而不是按時(shí)間順序展開的。）從這里可知因?yàn)榇箨戩o止不動(dòng)，所以熔巖是疊加在一起的，那么反過來大陸開始運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候，熔巖就會(huì)按照時(shí)間順序散開，所以當(dāng)熔巖按照時(shí)間順序在熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)散開的時(shí)候大陸是運(yùn)動(dòng)的，所以答案選D。

10.單選題

Whileaquarterofmenwashtheircarsonceaweek,fewerthanoneinfivewomencarryoutthe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attribute

B.chore

C.repast

D.jargon

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)attribute“屬性，性質(zhì)，特征”；B選項(xiàng)chore“日常事務(wù)，家務(wù)活”；C選項(xiàng)repast“餐，飯菜”；D選項(xiàng)jargon“行話，黑話，行業(yè)術(shù)語”。此處是while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，將男性一周洗一次車的人數(shù)與女性做這件事的人數(shù)相對比，因此選B。句意：四分之一的男性一周洗一次車，而不超過五分之一的女性做這個(gè)事務(wù)。

11.單選題

SomeofthismeatcamefromCanada.Howabout（

）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.another

B.others

C.theother

D.therest

【答案】D

【解析】考查不可數(shù)名詞的指代。meat是不可數(shù)名詞，前面三個(gè)選項(xiàng)一般用來知道可數(shù)名詞，所以不符合題意。選項(xiàng)D既可以指代可數(shù)名詞，也可以指代不可數(shù)名詞，符合題意。句意：這里一部分肉來自加拿大，那剩下的呢？

12.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.

Theregularuseoftextmessagesande-mailscanlowertheIQmorethantwiceasmuchassmokingmarijuana.Thatistheclaimofpsychologistswhohavefoundthattappingawayonamobilephoneorcomputerkeypadorcheckingthemforelectronicmessagestemporarilyknocksupto10pointsofftheuser’sIQ.Thisrateofdeclineinintelligencecomparesunfavorablywiththefour-pointdropinIQassociatedwithsmokingmarijuana,accordingtoBritishresearchers,whohavelabeledthetemporaryphenomenonofincreasedstupidityas“infomania”.ResearchonsleepdeprivationsuggeststhattheIQdropcausedbyelectronicobsessionisequaltoawakefulnight.ThenoticeabledropinIQisattributedtotheconstantdistractionof“alwayson”technologywhenemployeesshouldbeconcentratingonwhattheyarepaidtodo.Infomaniameansthattheyloseconcentrationastheirmindsremainfixedinanalmostpermanentstateofreadinesstoreacttotechnologyinsteadoffocusingonthetaskinhand.

【答案】經(jīng)常收發(fā)短信和電子郵件會(huì)降低你的IQ，其損害程度甚至是吸食大麻對智力損害程度的兩倍多。心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)人們在使用手機(jī)或電腦鍵盤打字或者用它們查詢電子信息時(shí)，智力會(huì)暫時(shí)降低10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。英國研究人員稱，與吸食大麻相比，電子信息對智力的不利影響大的多。人在吸食大麻時(shí)智商會(huì)降低4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。研究人員將這種暫時(shí)變笨的現(xiàn)象稱為“信息狂躁”。關(guān)于剝奪睡眠的研究表明因?yàn)榘V迷于電子產(chǎn)品而造成的智力衰退相當(dāng)于一夜失眠。造成這種智力明顯衰退的原因在于當(dāng)員工們應(yīng)該集中精力工作時(shí)，“無處不在”的科技卻總是不斷分散他們的注意力。信息狂躁是指他們的意識(shí)近乎一直處于一種隨時(shí)對“技術(shù)”做出反應(yīng)的狀態(tài)，因而無法將注意力集中在手頭的工作上。

13.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Therailroadindustrycouldnothavegrownaslargeasitdidwithoutsteel.Thefirstrailsweremadeofiron.Butironrailswerenotstrongenoughtosupportheavytrainsrunningathighspeeds.Railroadexecutiveswantedtoreplacethemwithsteelrailsbecausesteelwastenorfifteentimesstrongerandlastedtwentylimeslonger.Beforethe1870’s,however,steelwastooexpensivetobewidelyused.Itwasmadebyaslowandexpensiveprocessofheating,stirring,andreheatingironore.

ThentheinventorHenryBessemerdiscoveredthatdirectingablastofairatmeltedironinafurnacewouldbumouttheimpuritiesthatmadetheironbrittle.Astheairshotthroughthefurnace,thebubblingmetalwoulderuptinshowersofsparks.Whenthefirecooled,themetalhadbeenchanged,orconverted,tosteel.TheBessemerconvertermadepossiblethemassproductionofsteel.Nowthreetofivetonsofironcouldbechangedintosteelinamatterofminutes.

【答案】沒有鋼鐵，鐵路工業(yè)不可能發(fā)展到今天的規(guī)模。第一段鐵軌是鐵做的。但是鐵制鐵軌還不夠堅(jiān)硬，承受不了沉重的火車高速運(yùn)行。鐵路高管們想用鋼軌取代鐵軌，因?yàn)殇摫辱F堅(jiān)硬10-15倍，而且使用壽命是鐵的20倍。然而，在19世紀(jì)70年代以前，鋼由于太貴而沒有得到廣泛使用。鋼的煉制過程漫長，并且成本高，首先要加熱，然后攪拌，最后重新加熱鐵礦。

后來亨利?貝塞麥發(fā)現(xiàn)在煉鐵的時(shí)候往熔爐里的鐵水輸送空氣可以燃燒掉那些使鐵易碎的雜志。因?yàn)榭諝膺M(jìn)入熔爐時(shí)，熔漿便會(huì)噴出火花束。當(dāng)火冷卻后，鐵就變成鋼了。貝塞麥轉(zhuǎn)爐的大規(guī)模使用使得鋼的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)成為可能?，F(xiàn)在3-5噸鐵轉(zhuǎn)化成鋼只要幾分鐘時(shí)間。

14.單選題

Theseatsinthesecondplane（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadbeenalmostallfilled

B.hadallbeenalmostfilled

C.hadalmostallbeenfilled

D.hadalmostbeenfilledall

【答案】A

【解析】考察固定搭配。題干句意為：第二架飛機(jī)的座位_______。almostall幾乎全部。almostall為固定搭配。因此排除B、D，該句是過去完成時(shí)，almostall修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常應(yīng)放在行為動(dòng)詞之前（filled），故選A項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

TheUnitedNations（）muchtoworldpeaceandorder.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasattributed

B.haveattributed

C.hascontributed

D.havecontributed

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。attribute…to“把……歸因”，contribute…to“對……作貢獻(xiàn)”。

表示國家、地名等專用名詞做主語時(shí)，后面謂語用單數(shù)形式，句意：聯(lián)合國為世界和平與秩序做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。所以本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

16.單選題

TheNo.1domestic___ofthegovernmentistocleanuptheenvironment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.commission

B.committee

C.committence

D.commitment

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)commission“委員會(huì)；傭金；服務(wù)費(fèi)；犯；委任；委任狀”；B選項(xiàng)committee“委員會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)committence“錯(cuò)誤單詞”；D選項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，保證；委托；承擔(dān)義務(wù)；獻(xiàn)身；花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間、人力等”。句意：政府的首要國內(nèi)___是清理環(huán)境。本句表達(dá)“首要國內(nèi)承諾”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Theirrefusaltocompromiseisamajor（）thatstandsinthewayoffurtherpace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complication

B.danger

C.obstacle

D.hazard

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥，復(fù)雜”；B選項(xiàng)danger“危險(xiǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)obstacle“障礙”；D選項(xiàng)hazard“危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。句意：他們拒絕妥協(xié)是阻礙進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的主要（）。這里原句表達(dá)的意思是“阻礙進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的障礙”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

AnemergencyrightsissuebyHBOSwasaflop:only8.3%oftheBritishbank’ssharesweretakenupbyinvestors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.misfeasance

B.washout

C.flame

D.optima

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)misfeasance“過失；行為失檢；不當(dāng)行為”；B選項(xiàng)washout“沖刷；失敗者”；C選項(xiàng)flame“火焰；熱情；光輝”；D選項(xiàng)optima“最合適條件；最佳狀態(tài)”。句意：蘇格蘭哈里法克斯銀行（HBOS）的一次緊急配股發(fā)行失敗了：投資者只認(rèn)購了這家英國銀行8.3%的股份。flop“徹底失敗，不成功；沉重、松散又笨拙的動(dòng)作”，B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Itisbelievedthattherecentfindingsarealsoapplicabletootherareasofdesignengi