住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-東北師范大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

The352kilometer-longThamesisthelongestriverinEngland.ItisalittlerivercomparedtheNile,Amazon,orMississippi.Yet,theThameshasbeenuniqueinshapingthehistoryofEngland.

WhentheNormansconqueredEngland,therewereonlymarshybanksalongtheThames.Likethepeoplewhohadbeenlivingalongtheriver,theyusedtheThamesashighwayandbuiltthecityLondiniumonitsnorthbank.

TodaytheThamesmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Itis,forexample,a“sportingriver”torowers,butaworkingriverformenofcommerce.AndpaintersandwritersregardtheThamesasasourceofinspiration.

WhilebeingagreatbenefittoLondonandLondoners,theThamescapbeadangerousenemy.Chiefamongitsdangersisflooding.Topreventtheriverfromflooding,theworld’slargestmovablefloodbarrierwasbuiltin1972.Thebarrier’sgatescanstandeighteenmetersabovetheriver’ssurfacewhenafloodstrikes.

Rightnowlargeofficebuildings,skyscrapersandartandrecreationcomplexesarerisingtochangetheskylineofLondon.TheThameshasneverceasedtodevelop,anditwillcontinuetoplayanimportantpartinthelifeofLondoners.

1.TheauthordoesnotsaythattheThamesisagreatbenefitto（

）.

2.TheThamesis

（

）

theNile,Amazon,orMississippi.

3.TopreventtheThamesfromflooding,theLondonersbuilt

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementssupportstheideathattheThamesisofgreatimportancetothelifeofLondoners?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

問題1選項

A.rowers

B.businessmen

C.writers

D.farmers

問題2選項

A.longerthan

B.aslongal

C.shorterthan

D.notshorterthan

問題3選項

A.hydraulicmachines

B.amovablefloodbarrier

C.asteelgatebetweenconcretepiers

D.athickstonewellintheriver

問題4選項

A.TheThamesmeansdifferentthingstoDifferentpeople

B.TheThamesgivesstrengthtomanygreatpaintersandwriters

C.TheThamesmirrorstheebbandflowofLondon

D.TheThamesisthelongestriverinEngland

問題5選項

A.TheThamesusedtobedeveloped

B.TheThamesfloodssometimes

C.TheNormansbuiltthecityLondinium

D.PaintersdrawtheirinspirationfromtheThames

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。文章關于泰晤士河給哪些人帶來利益的描述在第三段:Itis,forexample,a“sportingriver”torowers,butaworkingriverformenofcommerce.AndpaintersandwritersregardtheThamesasasourceofinspiration(例如，對于劃手來說，這是一條“運動之河”，但對于商業(yè)人士來說，這是一條工作之河。畫家和作家認為泰晤士河是靈感的源泉)。因此四個選項中,泰晤士沒有帶來利益的是D項“農(nóng)民”。

2.判斷推理題。第一段將泰晤士河,尼羅河,亞馬遜河和密西西比河做了比較:itisalittlerivercomparedtheNile,Amazon,orMississippi(對比尼羅河,亞馬遜河和密西西比河,泰晤士河只能算作一條小河流)。由此推斷泰晤士河短一些。故選C項。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文中第四段提到“topreventtheriverfromflooding,theworld'slargestmovablefloodbarrierwasbuiltin1972”，可知為了防止洪水的爆發(fā)，1972年建立了世界上最大的移動式防洪屏障。答案為B。

4.主旨大意題。文章第二段講了泰晤士河見證了倫敦的衰落，文中最后一段講了現(xiàn)在倫敦建立了高樓大廈以及倫敦的變化，可見泰晤士河見證了倫敦的衰落。C項“泰晤士河見證了倫敦的起伏”比較能概括全文

5.細節(jié)事實題。四個選項為:A:泰晤士河曾經(jīng)是繁榮的,錯誤,第二段說泰晤士河以前旁邊只有沼澤河岸。

2.單選題

Wecanbeginourdiscussionof“populationasglobalissue”withwhatmostpersonsmeanwhentheydiscuss“thepopulationproblem”：toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute.Itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto’’along,thinpowderfusethatbumssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes.”

Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory,wefindthatpopulationshavebeenvirtuallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Therewashighfertilityinmostplaces,butthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastfort,whileinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.

Thispatternisimportanttonotice.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggestthatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.

Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8,000BC.tillapproximateAD1650.Inthefirstperiodofsome9600years,thepopulationincreasedfromsame8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2000therewillbe6.2billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframetosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000BCand1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld'spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.

1.Whichofthefollowingdemographicgrowthpatternismostsuitableforthelongthinpowderfuseanalogy?

2.Duringthefirstperiodofdemographichistory,societieswereoftenindangerofextinctionbecause（

）.

3.Whichstatementistrueaboutpopulationincrease?

4.Theauthorofthepassageintendsto

（

）.

5.Theword“demographic”inthefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

問題1選項

A.Avirtuallystableorslightlydecreasingperiodandthenasuddenexplosionofpopulation.

B.Aslowgrowthforalongtimeandthenaperiodofrapid,dramaticincrease.

C.Toomanypeopleonearthandafewrapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.

D.Alongperiodwhendeathratesexceedsbirthratesandthenashortperiodwithhigherfertilityandlowermortality.

問題2選項

A.onlyoneintenpersonscouldlivepast40.

B.therewashighermortalitythanfertilityinmostplaces.

C.itwastoodangeroustohavebabiesduetothepoorconditions

D.ourancestorshadlittleenthusiasmformorechildren.

問題3選項

A.Theremightbeanincreaseof2.2billionpersonsfromnowtotheyear2000

B.About50,000babiesarebomeverysixhoursatpresent.

C.Between8000BCandthepresent,thepopulationincreaseisabout80,000,000personseachyear.

D.Thepopulationincreasedfasterbetween8000BCand1650thanbetween1650andthepresent.

問題4選項

A.warnpeopleagainstthepopulationexplosioninthenearfuture

B.comparethedemographicgrowthpatterninthepastwiththatafter1650

C.findoutthecauseforrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyears

D.presentusaclearandcompletepictureofthedemographicgrowth

問題5選項

A.statisticsofhuman

B.surroundingsstudy

C.accumulationofhuman

D.developmentofhuman

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞thelongthinpowderfuseanalogy定位至第一段:Itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto’’along,thinpowderfusethatbumssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes(把人口增長比作“一根細長的火藥引信，它以平穩(wěn)的速度緩慢燃燒，直到爆炸”，這種類比是完全正確的)。故選A。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞societieswereoftenindangerofextinction定位至第二段:Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates(通常，社會明顯面臨著滅絕的危險，因為死亡率高于出生率)。故選B。

3.判斷推理題。最后一段:Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhas

increasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2000therewillbe6.2billionpeoplethroughouttheworld(從1650年到現(xiàn)在，人口總量從5億增加到了40億。并且預計到2000年，全世界人口總量將達到62億)。因此A項符合原文。

4.作者意圖題。作者首先指出了人口增長的現(xiàn)狀,然后詳細回顧了歷史上人口統(tǒng)計特征及原因。故選D。

5.詞義題。“demographic”所在句:Itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthtoalong,thinpowderfusethatbumssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes(把人口增長比作“一根細長的火藥引信，它以平穩(wěn)的速度緩慢燃燒，直到爆炸”，這種類比是完全正確的)。而且,文章是以人口增長為討論話題。因此,此題選A。

3.單選題

Basicresearchprovidesthe（

）fundofscientificknowledge,onwhichtheappliedresearchersdrawtogivesocietyarichrateofinterest.

問題1選項

A.capital

B.endowed

C.enhanced

D.initiative

【答案】A

【解析】句意:基礎研究為科學知識提供了資本基金，應用研究人員從中提取資本基金后以高利率回報社會。

形容詞辨析。Capitalfund資本基金;endowedfund捐助基金;enhancedfund增強型基金;initiativefund項目基金。因此A符合句意。

4.單選題

Nowthejuries,andultimatelythesocietytheyspeakfor,havetofindsomewaytoexpress（

）atthebrutalitythatwomenandchildrenfaceeveryday.

問題1選項

A.aggression

B.extenuation

C.outrage

D.suppression

【答案】C

【解析】句意:現(xiàn)在，陪審團以及他們根本上所代表的社會，必須找到一些方法來表達對于婦女和兒童每天所面臨的殘酷的憤怒。

名詞辨析。Aggression進攻，侵略;extenuation減輕;outrage憤怒;suppression鎮(zhèn)壓，抑制。因此C符合句意。

5.單選題

Whenweworryaboutwhomightbespyingonourprivatelives,weusuallythinkabouttheFederalagents.Buttheprivatesectoroutdoesthegovernmenteverytime.It’sLindaTripp,nottheFBI,whoisfacingchargesunderMaryland’slawsagainstsecrettelephonetaping.It’sourbanks,nottheInternalRevenueService(IRS),thatpassourprivatefinancialdatatotelemarketingfirms.

ConsumeractivistsarepressingCongressforbetterprivacylawswithoutmuchresultsofar.Thelegislatorsleantowardlettingbusinesspeopletrackourfinancialhabitsvirtuallyatwill.

Asanexampleofwhat’sgoingon,considerU.S.Bancorp,whichwasrecentlysuedfordeceptivepracticesbythestateofMinnesota.Accordingtothelawsuit,thebanksuppliedatelemarketercalledMemberWorkswithsensitivecustomerdatasuchasnames,phonenumbers,bank-accountandcredit-cardnumbers,SocialSecuritynumbers,accountbalancesandcreditlimits.

Withthesecustomerlistsinhand,MemberWorksstarteddialingfordollars-sellingdentalplans,videogames,computersoftwareandotherproductsandservices.Customerswhoaccepteda“freetrialoffer”had,30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomaticallythroughtheirbankorcredit-cardaccounts.U.S.Bancorpcollectedashareoftherevenues.

Customersweredoublydeceived,thelawsuitclaims.Theydidn’tknowthatthebankwasgivingaccountnumberstoMemberWorks.Andifcustomersasked,theywereledtothinktheanswerwasno.

ThestatesuedMemberWorksseparatelyfordeceptiveselling.Thecompanydeniesthatitdidanythingwrong.Foritspart,U.S.Bancorpsettledwithoutadmittinganymistakes.Butitagreedtostopexposingitscustomerstonofinancialproductssoldbyoutsidefirms.Afewtopbanksdecidedtodothesame.ManyotherbankswillstilldobusinesswithMemberWorksandsimilarfirms.

Andbankswillstillbeminingdatafromyouraccountinordertosellyoufinancialproducts,includingthingsoflittlevalue,suchascreditinsuranceandcredit-cardprotectionplants.

Youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.Forexample,nofederallawshields“transactionandexperience”information-mainlythedetailsofyourbankandcredit-cardaccounts.SocialSecuritynumbersareforsalebyprivatefirms.They’vegenerallyagreednottoselltothepublic.Buttobusinesses,thenumbersareanopenbook.Self-regulationdoesn'twork.Afirmmightpublishaprivacy-protectionpolicy,butwhoenforcesit?

TakeU.S.Bancorpagain.Customersweretold,inwriting,that“allpersonalinformationyousupplytouswillbeconsideredconfidential.”ThenitsoldyourdatatoMemberWorks.Thebankevenclaimsthatitdoesn’t“sell”yourdataatall.Itmerely“shares”itandreapsaprofit.Nowyouknow.

1.Contrarytopopularbelief,theauthorfindsthatspyingonpeople’sprivacy（

）.

2.Weknowfromthepassagethat

（

）.

3.Whenthe“freetrial”deadlineisover,you’llbechargedwithoutnoticeforaproductorserviceif

（

）.

4.Businessesdonotregardinformationconcerningpersonalbankaccountsasprivatebecause

（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.ispracticedexclusivelybytheFBI

B.ismoreprevalentinbusinesscircles

C.hasbeenintensifiedwiththehelpoftheIRS

D.ismainlycarriedoutbymeansofsecrettaping

問題2選項

A.thestateofMinnesotaisconsideringdrawinguplawstoprotectprivateinformation

B.moststatesareturningablindeyetothedeceptivepracticesofprivatebusinesses

C.legislatorsareactingtopassalawtoprovidebetterprivacyprotection

D.lawmakersareinclinedtogiveafreehandtobusinessestoinquireintocustomers'buyinghabits

問題3選項

A.youhappentorevealyourcreditcardnumber

B.youfailtocancelitwithinthespecifiedperiod

C.youfailtoapplyforextensionofthedeadline

D.youfindtheproductorserviceunsatisfactory

問題4選項

A.itisconsidered“transactionandexperience”informationunprotectedbylaw

B.ithasalwaysbeenconsideredanopensecretbythegeneralpublic

C.itssalecanbebroughtundercontrolthroughself-regulation

D.itsrevelationwilldonoharmtoconsumersunderthecurrentprotectionpolicy

問題5選項

A.bankswillhavetochangetheirwaysofdoingbusiness

B.“freetrial”practicewilleventuallybebanned

C.privacyprotectionlawswillsoonbeenforced

D.consumers’privacywillcontinuetobeinvaded

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。第一段指出:當我們擔心誰可能在監(jiān)視我們的私生活時，我們通常會想到聯(lián)邦特工。但私營部門每次都比政府過分。琳達?特里普(而不是聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局)正被馬里蘭州法律指控窺探私人電話錄音。是銀行(而不是國稅局（IRS）)，把我們的私人財務數(shù)據(jù)傳遞給電話營銷公司。由此推斷,窺探私人隱私的往往不是我們以為的政府,而主要是商業(yè)領域。故選B“在商界更盛行”。

2.判斷推理題。各選項為:A：明尼蘇達州正在考慮制定有關私人信息的法律。文章并未提及。B:大多數(shù)州都對私營企業(yè)的欺騙行為視而不見。此說法過于絕對。C:立法者正采取行動通過一項法律以提供更好的隱私保護。第二段指出:消費者維權組正在向國會施壓，要求制定更好的隱私法，但迄今為止還沒有取得任何成果。因此C錯誤。故選D項“立法者傾向于放手讓企業(yè)調(diào)查顧客的購買習慣”。

3.細節(jié)事實題。第四段指出:Customerswhoaccepteda“freetrialoffer”had,30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomaticallythroughtheirbankorcredit-cardaccounts(接受“免費試用”的客戶有30天的時間可以取消。如果截止日期過了，他們會通過銀行或信用卡賬戶自動收取費用)。因此選B“未在指定期限內(nèi)取消服務”。

4.細節(jié)事實題。倒數(shù)第二段指出：nofederallawshieldtransactionandexperienceinformation,mainlythedetailsofyourbankandcredit-cardaccounts(沒有一部聯(lián)邦法律保護“交易往來”信息，即銀行和信用卡帳戶的信息),故選A項“它被認為是不受法律保護的“交易和歷史”信息。

5.判斷推理題。四個選項為:A:銀行將不得不改變經(jīng)營方式。文章指出交易信息并不受法律保護,因此銀行未必會改變。B:“免費試用”終將會被禁止。文章并未提及。C:隱私保護法很快會執(zhí)行。第二段說:消費者維權組正在向國會施壓，要求制定更好的隱私法，但迄今為止還沒有取得任何成果。C項錯誤。故選D“消費者隱私將繼續(xù)受到侵犯”。

6.單選題

I’djustassoon（

）rudelytoher.

問題1選項

A.thatyouwon’tspeak

B.yournotspeaking

C.younotspeak

D.youdidn’tspeak

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我倒寧愿你沒有粗魯?shù)貙λf話。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。由句中關鍵詞“justassoon倒寧愿”的對應知這里應該用一般過去時來表示與現(xiàn)在事實（即你粗魯?shù)貙λf話）相反的虛擬語氣，故D項“youdidn’tspeak”正確。

7.單選題

Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingisnotyourexperience,yourgrades,whatclassesyoutook,yourextracurricularactivities,oranyoftheotherbasicnecessities.Thoseskillsarewhatgotyoutheinterview.Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingcanbesummedupinoneword:attitude.Ifyouwanttoriseaboveotherswithbetterexperience,bettergrades,orbetteranything,youwillneedtoworkondevelopingahighlypositiveworkattitude.

Yourattitudedetermineswhetheryouwill“makethecut”orbediscarded.Remember,thereareplentyofcompetitorswiththeabilitytodoalmostanygivenjob—especiallyattheentrylevel.

Thewaymostemployersdifferentiateattheentrylevelisbycandidates’attitudestowardthejob.Yourattitudeisoftenwhatrecruiterswillrememberwhenthedusthassettledafterreviewingten,twenty,orevenonehundredcandidates—theonewhowassincerelywillingtoputforthhisverybesteffort.Ifyouhavetheattitudeofwantingtodoyourverybestforthecompany,ofbeingfocusedonthecompany’sneeds,ofputtingyourselfforthasthepersonwhowillbecommittedanddedicatedtofulfillingtheirneeds,youwilllikelybetheonechosen.’

Whyisattitudesoimportant?Becausemostcompaniesalreadyhavetheirfallshareofmulti-talentedsuperstarswhocareaboutnoonebutthemselves.Askanymanagerwhothemostvaluablememberofhisteamis,andhewillpointnottotheoverratedsuperstar,buttothepersonwhohasthe‘cando’attitude,thepersonwhocanbecountedoninanysituation,thepersonwhotrulystrivesforexcellence.Givemeateamplayerwhoisachievingat99%andIwilltakeheroveraflashysuperstarwhoisrunningat50%efficiencyanydayoftheweek.Andsowill99%ofallhiringmanagers.

Sodon’tworryifyouarenot“superstar”quality.Ifyoucanshowmeinyourwordsandactions,thatyouarereadytoputforthyourverybestefforttowardachievingexcellence,youwillbechosenoverthesuperstar.Youcanshowyourwinningattitudeinthewayyoupresentyourself.Incorporatetheactualwords“positive“excellence,”and“strivingtobethebest”intoyourinterviewlanguage.Thenshowbyyourstoriesandexampleshowthesewordspositivelyaffectyourlife.Showmewhenandwhereandhowyouhaveputforthextraeffortaboveandbeyondthecallofduty.Showmehowyoubeatadeadline,howyouexcelledinaproject,orhowyoumadeadifferencebygoingtheextramile.Ifyoucanshownie,bywordsandexamples,your“cando”attitude,itisyouIwillhire,whileallofthesuperstarswillreceivepoliterejectionletterstoaddtotheirgrowingcollections.

1.Whatisthekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingaccordingtothispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrectintheauthor’sopinion?

3.Whoisthemostvaluablememberofhisteamtoamanager?

4.Inaninterview,whatmakesyouleaveagoodimpressionontheinterviewer?

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項

A.Coursestakenbefore.

B.Avariedexperience.

C.Apositiveworkattitude.

D.Interviewees’capability.

問題2選項

A.Thereareinadequatecompetitorswiththeabilitytodoalmostanygivenjob,especiallyattheentrylevel.

B.Mostinterviewersgenerallydependonthecandidates?attitudestowardthejobtochoosetheemployees.

C.Mostemployerstellthedifferencebetweencandidatesbytheirentrylevel

D.Betterexperienceandbettergradesbecomethemostimportantelementstobechosen.

問題3選項

A.Themulti-talentedsuperstar.

B.Thepersonwhotrieshisbestforexcellence

C.Thepersonwhocountsonhimselfanddoesnotcooperatewithothers.

D.Theflashystarwhomakesthecompanyfamous.

問題4選項

A.Yourboastingwords.

B.Thewordssuchaspositiveattitude,excellence,andstrivingtobemybest.

C.Yourownstories.

D.Wordsandexamplestoshowyourpositiveattitude.

問題5選項

A.YourAttitudeDeterminesWhetherYouWill“MakeTheCut”orBeDiscarded.

B.HowtoFindaGoodJob.

C.TheMostImportantAspectofInterviewing.

D.ASuccessfulInterviewing.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewing定位至第一段:Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingcanbesummedupinoneword:attitude(面試成功的關鍵因素可以總結(jié)為一個詞：態(tài)度)。故選C。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第二段指出:Remember,thereareplentyofcompetitorswiththeabilitytodoalmostanygivenjob—especiallyattheentrylevel(記住，有很多競爭對手幾乎能勝任任何特定的工作，尤其是入門級的工作)，因此A項錯誤。第二段:Thewaymostemployersdifferentiateattheentrylevelisbycandidates'attitudestowardthejob(大多數(shù)面試人員一般根據(jù)候選人員的工作態(tài)度來選擇應聘者),故B項正確。因此推測C項(大部分雇主通過應聘者的入門級別來區(qū)分他們)錯誤。根據(jù)上一題可知D項(更好的經(jīng)驗和分數(shù)（等級）變成了選擇的最重要因素)錯誤。

3.細節(jié)事實題。第三段:Askanymanagerwhothemostvaluablememberofhisteamis,andhewillpointnottotheoverratedsuperstar,buttothepersonwhohasthe'cando'attitude,thepersonwhocanbecountedoninanysituation,thepersonwhotrulystrivesforexcellence(問問任何一個經(jīng)理，誰是他團隊中最有價值的成員，他不會指那些被高估的超級明星，而是指那些有“能干”態(tài)度的人，在任何情況下都可以依靠的人，真正追求卓越的人)。故選B(爭取優(yōu)秀的人)。

4.細節(jié)事實題。第四段:Thenshowbyyourstoriesandexampleshowthesewordspositivelyaffectyourlife(然后通過自己的經(jīng)歷和故事展示這些話如何積極地影響了你的生活)。因此選D(展示積極態(tài)度的話術和例子)。

5.主旨大意題。文章的中心論點是:態(tài)度是面試成功的關鍵因素。因此A項(態(tài)度決定了你是達到標準還是被棄用)適合作文章標題。

8.單選題

Allflights（

）becauseofthesnowstorm,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.

問題1選項

A.hadbeencanceled

B.havebeencanceled

C.werecanceled

D.havingbeencanceled

【答案】D

【解析】句意:因為暴風雪所有的航班都被取消了，很多乘客不得不改乘火車。

語法題?？疾闀r態(tài)語態(tài)。前后句子主語不一致,因此前面句子應該用獨立主格結(jié)構表示原因:邏輯主語+doing,前面句子邏輯主語是Allflights,謂語動詞是cancel(取消),所以應該用被動語態(tài)。而且前面句子發(fā)生在后面句子之前,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。

9.單選題

Hetoldmethatthenumberofstudentsattendingthemeeting（

）over100.

問題1選項

A.are

B.were

C.is

D.was

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他告訴我參加會議的學生人數(shù)超過了100人。

語法題?？疾橹髦^一致。此句為賓語從句。賓語從句的主語為thenumber,因此其謂語動詞應該用單數(shù)形式。而且主句的時態(tài)為一般過去時,所以賓語從句時態(tài)與主句保持一致。故選D。

10.單選題

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga’’donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple’sSafaribothofferDNT;Google’sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftsetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointforwindows8—thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavorablywithGoogle’sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft’schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:“webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol.”Coulditreallybethatsimple?

1.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioral”adshelpadvertisersto（

）.

2.“Theindustry”(Line5,Para.3)refersto

（

）.

3.TheauthorholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof（

）.

問題1選項

A.easecompetitionamongthemselves

B.lowertheiroperationalcosts

C.avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

D.providebetteronlineservices

問題2選項

A.onlineadvertisers

B.e-commerceconductors

C.digitalinformationanalysis

D.internetbrowserdevelopers

問題3選項

A.maycutthenumberofjunkads

B.failstoaffecttheadindustry

C.willnotbenefitconsumers

D.goesagainsthumannature

問題4選項

A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose.

B.AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT.

C.DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers.

D.Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehavioralads.

問題5選項

A.indulgence

B.understanding

C.appreciation

D.skepticism

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“behavioral”ads定位至第一段:Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy(俗話說得好一半的廣告預算都被浪費了，但問題是沒有人知道是哪一半廣告預算被浪費了。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代，至少在理論上可以大幅減少這部分被浪費的廣告預算。通過觀看人們在線搜尋、點擊和說什么，公司可以將‘行為’廣告針對那些最可能購買東西的人)。由此可知B項“減少他們的運營成本”正確。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第三段:InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga“donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed(2010年12月美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器提供者們提議增加一個‘不要跟蹤’的選項，以便互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用者可以告訴廣告商他們不想被跟蹤)由此可推知D項“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器開發(fā)者”正確。

3.推理判斷題。第五段指出:GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso(盡管一些公司己承諾在得到不要跟蹤的信號后停止跟蹤，但是獲取該信號卻沒有強制任何人去這樣做)。因此C項“不會讓消費者受益”正確。

4.判斷推理題。第六段:AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow(另外還不清楚微軟公司為何獨自將‘不要跟蹤’作為微軟網(wǎng)頁瀏覽器10的默認設置。畢竟微軟公司也有網(wǎng)上廣告業(yè)務，盡管微軟公司聲稱自己的網(wǎng)上廣告業(yè)務將遵守‘不要跟蹤’請求，但是它仍然正在想如何進行)。因此A項“‘不要跟蹤'可能不能達到它的預期目的”正確。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。第六段作者說:Coulditreallybethatsimple?這真的有可能那么簡單嗎？因此D項“懷疑的態(tài)度”正確。

11.單選題

KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsistedkingsdon’tabdicate,theydieintheirsleep.ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?DoesthatmeantheunitingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyles?

TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchywhenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarized,asitwas.FollowingtheendoftheFranceregime,monarchscanriseabove“mere”politicsand“embody”aspiritofnationalunity.

Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs'continuingpopularityasheadsofstates.Andso;theMiddleEastexpected,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdomsnotcountingVaticancityandAndorra.ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectablepublicfigure.

Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside,symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory―andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday―embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThornesPikettyandotherecumenistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmodemdemocraticfamiliesandshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmodem