1、第 PAGE8 頁(yè) 共 NUMPAGES8 頁(yè)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯方法與技巧英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯方法與技巧1.理解為首要原那么拿到翻譯題之后，先確定原句的意思。假如句子較長(zhǎng)，可以先找主、謂、賓、定、狀、補(bǔ)，分析p 清楚句子構(gòu)造，然后再理解。很多考生過(guò)分側(cè)重對(duì)翻譯技巧的訓(xùn)練，拿著翻譯題就一味想著把英文往中文里套，卻沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己對(duì)原文的理解實(shí)際上就有偏向，這就很難得到理想的分?jǐn)?shù)了。2. 幾種變通手段翻譯時(shí)不能簡(jiǎn)單地或機(jī)械地逐字照譯，硬湊成英文，必須認(rèn)真分析p 上下文，掌握詞確實(shí)切含義，然后用適當(dāng)?shù)挠⑽谋磉_(dá)，必要時(shí)應(yīng)采用變通手段。1)增詞、減詞譯文的增詞、減詞都是為了更確切、更忠實(shí)地表達(dá)原文的含義和精神。如“感冒

2、可以通過(guò)人的手傳染”可以譯為Flu can be spread by hand contact.其中的contact(接觸)就是根據(jù)譯文需要添加上的。而“百姓出現(xiàn)做飯點(diǎn)火難現(xiàn)象”中的“現(xiàn)象”一詞可以省略，只譯成“people do not even have matches to light their stoves.”就足以表達(dá)原文中的信息。2)詞類轉(zhuǎn)換詞類變形和轉(zhuǎn)換，是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的一個(gè)很重要的特點(diǎn)，特別是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞這三種最主要的詞類，大局部可以直接轉(zhuǎn)換使用，或者稍加變化(前綴、后綴等) 即可轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種詞類。例如：他的演講給我們的印象很深。His speech impressed u

3、s deeply.漢語(yǔ)句子中“印象”是名詞，英語(yǔ)句子中那么換成了動(dòng)詞。3)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換漢譯英時(shí)，人們常常會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單地認(rèn)為只要按照原句的語(yǔ)態(tài)處理就行了。事實(shí)上，在英語(yǔ)中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用頻率要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于漢語(yǔ)。所以我們?cè)跐h譯英時(shí)需要靈敏運(yùn)用語(yǔ)態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：門鎖好了。The door has been locked up.英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯真題及答案：剪紙剪紙是中國(guó)民間藝術(shù)的一種獨(dú)特形式，已有2000多年歷史。剪紙很可能于漢代，繼紙張創(chuàng)造之后。從此，它在中國(guó)的許多地方得到了普及。剪紙用的材料和工具很簡(jiǎn)單：紙和剪刀。剪紙作品通常是用紅紙做成的，因?yàn)榧t色在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中與幸福相聯(lián)。因此，在婚禮、春節(jié)等喜慶場(chǎng)合，紅顏色

4、的剪紙是門窗裝飾的首選。Paper cutting is a unique form of folk arts in China, with a history of more than two thousand years. It is very likely that paper cutting originated from Han dynasty, which followed the invention of paper.( Paper cutting is very likely to have originated in Han dynasty, which followed t

5、he invention of paper.) Since then, it was popularized in a lot of places in China. The materials and tools which can be used for paper cutting are rather simple: paper and a scissor. The paper cutting works are usually made of red paper, because red color is related to happiness in Chinese traditio

6、nal culture. Therefore, red paper cutting works are the first choice for the decoration of windows and doors on pleasant occasions such as wedding ceremony and the Spring Festival.英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯答案：教育投資【真題】中國(guó)家庭非常重視孩子的教育。許多父母認(rèn)為應(yīng)該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育。他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時(shí)間催促他們學(xué)習(xí)。多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)希望孩子能上大學(xué)。由于改革開放，越來(lái)越多的家長(zhǎng)能送孩子到國(guó)

7、外學(xué)習(xí)或參加國(guó)際交流工程，讓其拓寬視野。通過(guò)這些努力，他們期待孩子安康成長(zhǎng)，為國(guó)家的開展和繁榮做出奉獻(xiàn)。【參考范文】Chinese families attach due importance to childrens education. Numerous parents deem that they should work hard to ensure that their children are well educated. Not only are they very willing to invest in their childrens education, but they a

8、lso spend a lot of time urging them to learn. The great majority of parents expect that their children are able to go to prestigious universities. As a result of the reform and opening up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchang

9、e projects, so as to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to the development and prosperity of the country.【解析】這一篇翻譯的主題是中國(guó)家庭教育觀念，篇章中主要考察狀語(yǔ)以及賓語(yǔ)從句的翻譯。(1)中國(guó)家庭非常重視孩子的教育?！窘馕觥看伺e為主謂賓構(gòu)造，非常重視：attach due importance to【參考答案】 Chinese famil

10、ies attach due importance to childrens education.(2)許多父母認(rèn)為應(yīng)該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育?！窘馕觥恐髡Z(yǔ)：許多父母;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：認(rèn)為;賓語(yǔ)：“應(yīng)該努力工作”，此處賓語(yǔ)為含有動(dòng)作的句子，翻譯為賓語(yǔ)從句，注意從句需要補(bǔ)充從句中的主語(yǔ)“they”。句子后半句處理為不定式“todo”【參考答案】Numerous parents deem that they should work hard to ensure that their children are well educated.(3)他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時(shí)間催促

11、他們學(xué)習(xí)?！窘馕觥砍霈F(xiàn)“不僅而且”, 選擇“not onlybut also”處理，可以將not only提早，將句子處理為半倒裝?；〞r(shí)間做某事：spend time (on / in) doing sth.情愿：bewilling to;投資：investin;催促：push/urge【參考答案】Not only are they very willing to invest in their childrens education, but they also spend a lot of time urging them to learn.(4)多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)希望孩子能上大學(xué)?！窘馕觥恐髡Z(yǔ)：多

12、數(shù)家長(zhǎng);謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：希望;賓語(yǔ)為“孩子能上大學(xué)”處理為賓語(yǔ)從句。多數(shù)：most / the great majority of; 大學(xué)：prestigious universities.【參考答案】The great majority of parents expect that their children are able to go to prestigious universities.(5)由于改革開放，越來(lái)越多的家長(zhǎng)能送孩子到國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)或參加國(guó)際交流工程，讓其拓寬視野?！窘馕觥看司渥佑袃蓚€(gè)狀語(yǔ)成分，其中“由于改革開放”是原因狀語(yǔ)，處理為“dueto”或“as a result of”;

13、“讓其拓寬視野”是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，處理為so as to broaden their horizons.改革開放：the reform and opening up; 國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)：study abroad;參加國(guó)際交流工程：participate in international exchange projects【參考答案】As a result of the reform and opening up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange projects, so as to broaden their horizons.(6)通過(guò)這些努力，他們期待孩子安康成長(zhǎng)，為國(guó)家的開展和繁榮做出奉獻(xiàn)。【解析