1、1學(xué)樂(lè)教育 2014 年暑假七升八一對(duì)三輔導(dǎo)講義Less on 55 Not a gold mi ne 并非金礦Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called The Revealer has been inven ted and it has bee n used to detect gold which has bee n buried in the ground. The mach ine was usedin a cave n ear the seashore where -

2、 it is said - pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would ofte n bury gold inthe cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to findburied treasure. The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machi

3、ne showed that there was gold un der the ground. Very excited, the party dug a hole two feel deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless. The party the n searched the whole cave thoroughlybut did not find anything except an empty tin trunk. In spite of this, many people are

4、 con fide nt that TheRevealer may reveal somethi ng of value fairly soon.【課文翻譯】最近，找到失蹤寶藏的夢(mèng)想差一點(diǎn)兒變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。一種叫探寶器”的新機(jī)器已經(jīng)發(fā)明出來(lái)，并被人們用來(lái)探測(cè)地下埋藏的金子。在靠近海邊的一個(gè)據(jù)說(shuō)過(guò)去海盜常在里面藏金子的巖洞里，這種機(jī)器被派上了用場(chǎng)。海盜們過(guò)去常把金子埋藏在那個(gè)洞里，可后來(lái)卻沒(méi)能取走。一支用這種新機(jī)器裝備起來(lái) 的探寶隊(duì)進(jìn)入了這個(gè)巖洞，希望找到埋藏著的金子。當(dāng)這個(gè)隊(duì)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)正在檢查洞口附近的土壤時(shí)，那臺(tái)機(jī)器顯示出它的下面埋有金子。 隊(duì)員們異常激動(dòng)，就地挖了一個(gè)兩英尺深的坑，但最后找到的是一枚

5、幾乎一錢(qián)不值的小金幣。隊(duì)員們接著又把整個(gè)洞徹底搜尋了一遍，但除了一只空鐵皮箱外什么也沒(méi)找到。盡管如此，很多人仍然相信探寶器”很快就會(huì)探出值錢(qián)的東西來(lái)。New words and expressions( 19)1. gold(1) n.金子pure gold 純金 ；a gold medal 金牌# + Jk * + 學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義gold n.金子 treasure n.財(cái)寶invent v.發(fā)明 bury v.埋藏seashore n.海岸 arm v.武裝entrance n.入口 worthlessadj.毫無(wú)價(jià)值的 trunk n.行李箱 value n.價(jià)值 一單詞講解：mi n

6、e n.礦revealer n.探測(cè)器 detect v.探測(cè)cave n.山洞pirate n. 海盜soil n.泥土fin allyadv.最后thoroughly adv.徹底地 confide ntadj.有信心的2a gold ring ； a gold n ecklacea gold watch ； a gold mine 金礦 ； a goldfish 金魚(yú)pay in gold 以黃金支付eg：All that glitters is not gold . _(3) golden adj.金的、金色的、貴重如金、幸運(yùn)的、珍貴的a golde n opport unity 良機(jī)

7、 ； golde n days (生中的)幸福時(shí)光eg：Speech is silver ； silenee is golden ._2. mi ne(1)我的 eg：He is a friend of mine .(2)礦a coal-m ine 煤礦； a gold-mi nea mine worker = a miner 礦工mineral adj. ?min ?r?l礦物，礦石，礦的、礦泉的mineral water min?r?l.w? :t? 礦泉水a(chǎn) min eral spri ng 個(gè)礦泉3. treasure(1)n.金銀財(cái)寶、財(cái)富(gold , silver , jewel

8、 ,etc.)(c) / (u)buried treasure 埋藏的珍寶(2) n.貴重物品a national treasure 國(guó)寶4. reveal v.透露、泄露、揭露reveal sth to sb (bring sth to light)reveal secrets 泄露秘密 ； reveal details 披露詳情reveal methods 透露方法； reveal faults 揭露錯(cuò)誤reveal feeli ngs 流露感情revealingadj.揭露(事實(shí)真相的)；暴露真相revealing remarks 揭露真相的評(píng)論 ; revealing dress 暴露

9、的連衣裙revealer n.探測(cè)器5. i nventv.發(fā)明、創(chuàng)造eg：Bell invented the teleph one .貝爾發(fā)明了電話。*在發(fā)明物前須家定冠詞 theinvent a new teachi ng method 發(fā)明一種新的教學(xué)方法 inven tor 發(fā)明家 ;inven tio nn.發(fā)明、創(chuàng)造discover v.發(fā)現(xiàn)# +1- * + 學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義3eg：I?ve discovered a super restaura nt n ear her .4我在附近找到一家一流的餐館!discovery n.發(fā)現(xiàn)6. detect v.發(fā)現(xiàn)（不好的事物）查出、

10、探測(cè)同義詞 discover, locate, spy, recognize 反義詞 conceal, hide 變化形 動(dòng)變detected detected detectingeg：A machine was used to detect gold .一儀器器被用來(lái)探測(cè)黃金。detection di?tek?n n.察覺(jué)， 發(fā)覺(jué)； 偵查， 探測(cè) detector n.探測(cè)器 ； detectiven.偵探7. bury（1）（將尸體）v.埋藏（buried-buried）（2） 埋藏于地下buried treasure 埋在地下的珍寶eg：The house was buried unde

11、r ten feet of snow .房子被掩埋在十英尺厚的雪底下.8. cave n.山洞hole n.洞、孔、坑、洞穴、窟窿9. seashore n.海岸，海濱Cthe S 變化形 名復(fù) seashores=shorea small house on the seashore 在海邊的小房子 seasick adj. 暈船 getseasick = become seasick carsick adj.暈車(chē)； homesickadj.想家seaside (1) n.海邊游憩地eg：We will spend the vacation at the seaside . 我們?cè)诤I度過(guò)一個(gè)

12、假期。(2) adj.海岸的 a seaside tow n 海邊的城鎮(zhèn)10. pirate 同義詞 steal, thieve, rob, pilfer 名復(fù) pirates（1）n.海盜（可做定語(yǔ)）a pirate ship / flag 海盜船、的旗志（2）n.盜印、盜版（可做定語(yǔ)）a pirate video/tape 盜.版木視頻 /磁帶學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義# +1- * + 511. arm(1) n.手臂arm in arm 臂挽著臂學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義hand in hand 手拉手armchair n.(單座) 沙發(fā)(2) v.武裝、裝備arm sb with = equip sb

13、with weapons 用武器裝備某人armed forces 武裝力量(指一國(guó)的陸、海、空三軍)armed to the teeth 全畐寸武裝12. soil(1)n.泥土、土壤(近義詞grou nd ;earth)plow the soil 耕種土地 ;rich soil 沃土 poor soil 瘠土(2)土地、國(guó)家 on e?s native soil 祖國(guó)eg：He died on Irish soil .他死于愛(ài)爾蘭。13 entrance n.入口，門(mén)口 C(+to) 變化形 名復(fù) entrances(1)入口(反義詞 exit )eg：Where is the entran

14、ce to the park , please 請(qǐng)問(wèn)公園的入口在哪里(2)入學(xué)entrance into college = entrance to college 進(jìn)入大學(xué)entrance exam ination 入學(xué)考試14. fin allyadv.最后地 反義詞 firstfinal adj.最后的last 僅表市順序的最后；final 表一串事情的終了final preparations before leaving 離開(kāi)前最后的準(zhǔn)備eg：What?s the final word of this dictionary ?這本字典最后一個(gè)字是什么？final decisi on 最

15、后判決、決定； final goal最終目的the final ballot 決選投票fin als n.期末考試 take the fi nals 參加期末考試 final n.決賽 the WorldCup Fi nal 世界杯決賽 fin ally adj.最后、終于15. worthless adj.毫無(wú)價(jià)值的 worth adj.值得的,值錢(qián)的 be worth doing 值得做 .shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩6eg：The film is worth seeing again .這部影片值得一看再看。worthless adj.無(wú)價(jià)值的，沒(méi)有用處的=(valu

16、eless-less 表反義的后綴：7brainless 愚笨的homeless 無(wú)家可歸的helpless 無(wú)助的meanin gless 無(wú)意義的harmless 無(wú)害處的hopeless 沒(méi)有希望的en dless 沒(méi)有盡頭的； useless 毫無(wú)用處的priceless 無(wú)價(jià)的、珍貴的16. thoroughly adv.徹底地、完全的17. trunk(1)樹(shù)干、軀干trunk tr? ?k n.樹(shù)干；leaf( leaves) li:fn.葉，葉子 twig twig n.細(xì)枝，嫩枝； bough bau n.大樹(shù)枝 branch bra:nt? n.樹(shù)枝；分部：root ru:

17、t n.根(部)(2)n.大行李箱、大衣箱briefcase 公文包 ；handbag (美語(yǔ)：purse )手提包 suitcase 手提箱； shoulder bag 有肩帶女用包、手提包knap sack 背包、登山袋；backpack 背包(3)象鼻子(4)(美)(轎車(chē)車(chē)尾的) 行李箱=(英：boot )18. con fide ntadj.確信的；有信心的，自信的(+of).in a con fide nt manner 用自信的方法a con fide nt smile/ speech 自信的微笑 / 講話a con fide nt look 自信的表情 ；be confiden

18、t of sth 對(duì)某事有信心 be con fide nt that 對(duì).堅(jiān)信,肯定con fide nee n.信心19. value(1)n.價(jià)值、效用eg：We must realize the value of humor .(2)價(jià)格、價(jià)錢(qián)market value 市場(chǎng)價(jià)格the value of land 土地的價(jià)格valuable adj.有價(jià)值的someth ing is valuable = someth ing is of value 某事具有價(jià)值 someth ing is of great value .某事具有極大的價(jià)值 valueless adj.無(wú)價(jià)值的、無(wú)效果

19、的=(worthless)invaluable 極其價(jià)值的；priceless ?praisl ?s極其貴重的學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義# + * * + 學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義8二.Key structures：used to 與 wouldused to 和 would 都可用來(lái)描述在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或經(jīng)常做的事，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，我們用 used to 來(lái)開(kāi)始一段故事；used to 可用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在與過(guò)去的對(duì)比，而would 不能。eg：I used to go work by bus . Now I go by car .eg：I have given up smoking . I used to

20、smoke very heavily .used to 可用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)和情況；would 只表示過(guò)去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，不能表示狀況和情況：eg：This sort of novel used to be very popular .這類(lèi)小說(shuō)曾經(jīng)是很受歡迎would 可用于表是過(guò)去很不規(guī)則的的習(xí)慣，所以常和often,always , frequently , sometimes 等時(shí)間頻度副詞連用；在非正式文體中used to 也可以這樣用：Exercise：1) He _ smoke a lot , but now he has give up .2) It is said pirates_

21、 hide gold here .3) The pirates_ often bury gold in the cave4) The river _ be clean .這條河曾經(jīng)是干凈的5)_ ?I?ll leave this job for a better one? . hesay when hewas scolded by his boss .分詞用法（現(xiàn)在分詞 doing /過(guò)去分詞 v. +ed）1. 分詞性質(zhì)：句有形容詞或副詞性質(zhì)，可以在句中擔(dān)任表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。其中，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)的 含義，或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)含意，或動(dòng)作已完成。2. 分詞的用法：做表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)

22、賓補(bǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。1）做定語(yǔ)：a sleep ing baby= a baby who is sleep inga running dog= a dog which is runninga broke n glass = a glass which is broke na beate n team= a team which is beate n動(dòng)詞 beat 的過(guò)去分詞eg：This is the problem discussed at the last meeting .= This is the problem which was discussed at the last meeting

23、.eg：The problem being discussed is very important .= the problem which is being discussed is very importa nt .注意：91. 單個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的名詞之前。分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的名詞之后。2. 分詞作定語(yǔ)的句子能改寫(xiě)為定語(yǔ)從句。3. 區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)和動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)。a sleeping car 臥鋪車(chē)箱；a sleeping baby正在睡覺(jué)的嬰兒10a read ing room ； a readi ng girla swimmi ng pool ； a swimmi

24、ng player動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)：某種功能現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)：動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行著2） 做表語(yǔ)eg：The news sounds exciting .eg：They got very excited.eg：His father seems pleased with his score .eg：My watch is gone .我的表不見(jiàn)了。eg：The book is interesting .3） 做賓語(yǔ)eg：When I woke up , I found my mother sitting beside me. eg：I hear a bell ringing somewhere . * rin

25、ging鈴聲 eg：I found the snake eating the eggs.eg：I found the snake （to） eat the eggs.用不定式表動(dòng)作已發(fā)生完了。eg：I found the eggs eaten by the snake .我發(fā)現(xiàn)雞蛋被蛇吃了。eg：He heard some one calli ng him.eg：He heard his name called .eg：I can?t make myself understood because of my poor Engh .eg：I didn?t make myself heard be

26、cause a lot of people cried in the hall注意：1. 后接賓語(yǔ)再接分詞作賓補(bǔ)的常用動(dòng)詞：感官動(dòng)詞 :hear , see , notice , watch , feel , find.使役性動(dòng)詞 ：make , let , have , get .2. 動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)-動(dòng)作全過(guò)程現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)-動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行過(guò)去分詞做賓補(bǔ)被動(dòng)概念4）作狀語(yǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行；過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，完成）eg：If you turn to the left , you?ll find the station .Turning to the left , you?ll find

27、the station .學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義# +1- * + 11eg：As I did n?t receive her letter , I called her up by teleph one .Not recei ving her letter , I called her up by teleph one .eg：While I was walking to school , I met a friend .Walk ing to school , I met a frie nd .eg：When she was asked if she had any bad habit , sh

28、e answered that she was a heavy smoker . Asked ifshe had any bad habit , she answered that she was a heavy smoker1. 分詞作狀語(yǔ)可以還原為狀語(yǔ)從句。2. 運(yùn)用此類(lèi)句型時(shí)前后主語(yǔ)要保持一致。eg：If weather permits , I?ll start tomorrow .f weather permitting , I?ll start tomorrow .翻譯：發(fā)展中國(guó)家fdeveloping countries ； 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家fdeveloped countries（地上的

29、）落葉ffalle n leaves ； （正在飄落的）落葉ffalli ng leaves （正在沸騰的）開(kāi)水fboiling water ；（滾開(kāi)過(guò)的）開(kāi)水fboiled water 落水者fa drowning person ； 溺水者fa drowned person三課文講解：1.Armed with the new machine, a search party wentinto the cave hoping to find buried treasure. 一支用這種新機(jī)器裝備起來(lái)的探寶隊(duì)進(jìn)入了這個(gè)巖洞，希望找到埋藏著的金子探 armed with 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表是伴隨

30、狀態(tài)。eg：The professor came of the classroom , followed by his students .eg：The lady sat by the fireside , surrounded by her three children .hoping to find 現(xiàn)再分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀態(tài)eg：The manager approached us smiling .經(jīng)理微笑的走向我們eg：Some left the hall still weeping .有些人離開(kāi)大廳仍然哭泣2.Very excited, the party dug a hole

31、 two feel deep.隊(duì)員們異常激動(dòng)，就地挖了一個(gè)兩英尺深的坑，Very excited 分詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，多用來(lái)說(shuō)明原因或說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)主語(yǔ)所處狀態(tài) eg：Tired of sleeping onthe floor , he decided to buy a real bed .3.ln spite of this, many people are con fide nt that The Revealer may reveal someth ing of value fairly soon. 盡管如此，很多人仍然相信探寶器”很快就會(huì)探出值錢(qián)的東西來(lái).探 fairly :語(yǔ)氣最輕的

32、一個(gè),還算，勉強(qiáng)？# + Jk * + 學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義12eg：The work is fairly hard . 這項(xiàng)工作是還算很難。quite :比 fairly 稍強(qiáng)，？相當(dāng)?shù)?？在美?guó)英語(yǔ)中，相當(dāng)于 veryeg：It is quite warm today .rather :最強(qiáng)，表是超出平?；蛩枰?；一般暗示令人不喜歡的事eg：It?s rather hot today . I can hardly bear it .今天相當(dāng)熱，我簡(jiǎn)直不能忍受。eg：I?ve eaten rather so much 我吃得太多了練習(xí)一、任務(wù)型閱讀Summer is coming soon. W

33、hen is the best time for swimming in the day in summer?If you would like to swim in doors, a good time in the day is the early hours -the body has the most en ergy touse because the body has woke n up and will be ready for all kinds of differe nt activities of the day. The bodyis going to work with

34、eno ugh en ergy and therefore a pers on will feel more comfortable if he swims duri ng theearly hours of the day.Swimming early in the day can also be good for anyone who plans to swim outdoors. The conditionsoutside will be excelle nt: the water will not be too cold or too hot, and the air will be

35、just clea n and fine.Everything is suitable.Usually, it is not a good idea to swim later in the day because on e?s body is tired after work for a whole dayand also the weather con diti ons can be the worst in the later parts of the day.However, there are still some excepti ons. Differe nt people fee

36、l differe nt and on e?s body acts differe ntlyat different times of the day. When a person is feeling active and is not tired at all after work, it may be a bettertime to swim for him than for others. If he is alert 警覺(jué)的)that time, he is safe in the water. In a word, the besttime can change for every

37、 person. The person?s body condition decides when the best time for swimming is.The best time to 1 in summerIn the earlyhours of the dayAgoodtime(in doors)The body has the most en ergy the n After 2 up, people are ready for differe nt activitiesThe person will feel more comfortable with 3energyAgood

38、time(4 )The con diti ons outside will be 5 .The water is n either tooold nor too hot.The 6is clea n and fine.Later in the dayUsually not a goodtimeThe body feels 7 after a day?s work.The weather con diti ons are the 8 duri ng the day.go# +1- * + 學(xué)樂(lè)教育內(nèi)部講義13Excepti onsLater in the day canbe agood time

39、 for somepeople.People?s 9 conditions are different.The body acts differently at different times of the day.Con clusi onThe best time to swim in the day in summer should be 10accord ing to the bodyconditions of the swimmer.二、首字母填空Carrots are grow n on farms and in small family garde ns all over the world. It is one of the most popularsweet v 1