1、 必修五重點(diǎn)句型整理B5U11So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 因此每次暴發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí)，就有大批驚恐的人死去。這是由名詞詞組 every time 充當(dāng)連詞的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“每當(dāng)”，相當(dāng)于 when。某些表達(dá)時(shí)間的名詞詞組可直接充當(dāng)連詞，即“名詞連詞化現(xiàn)象”。常見的有： (1)不定代詞time如：any time, each time.(2)序數(shù)詞time如：the first/last time.(3)the瞬時(shí)名詞如：the minute/moment/in

2、stant(4)the時(shí)間名詞如：the day/night/month/time.He brings her flowers every time he goes to see her.他每次去看她都給她帶花。The first time he did the experiment, he succeeded.他第一次做實(shí)驗(yàn)就成功了。Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.等他一到，我就把你的口信給他。He bought a computer the day he got his salary.他發(fā)工資那天買了一臺(tái)電腦。 即境

3、活用1The boys ran off_ they saw the owner of the orchard (果園)Aat times   Bthe hour Cthe moment     Dat once答案：C解析：句中 the moment 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 as soon as。2Only_if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星

4、的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。only 修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句，放在句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，即把助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞 be放在主語(yǔ)之前。Only then did I realize the mistakes I had made.只有在那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我所犯的錯(cuò)誤。Only in this way can you make progress.只有以這種方式你才能取得進(jìn)步。Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to get back home.只有在1949年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束時(shí)他才能回家。拓展：if only要是該多好，但愿。if only從句可單

5、獨(dú)使用，這時(shí)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：表示與過去相反的愿望用 had done；與現(xiàn)在相反的愿望用 did/were；表示與將來相反的愿望用 “would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形”。If only I had gone to Beijing.我要是去了北京就好了。If only he could come tomorrow.他要是明天能來就好了。 即境活用2_both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.AOnly if     

6、 BUnless CIf only      DAs long as答案：A解析：主句中用了“will主語(yǔ)be”倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，故選 Only if。B5U21Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have worldfamous football teams and some of them even have two! 雖然，全國(guó)性的，這些城市不如中國(guó)的城市大，但是它們擁有世界著名的足球隊(duì)，有的城市甚至有兩支！those 在

7、此為代詞，用于表示比較的句型中，代指前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 cities。辨析：one/the one/ones/the ones/that/those/it這幾個(gè)詞都用來指代前面提到的名詞，但是所指內(nèi)容不同。(1)one 代替上文提到的某個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指意義，一般指同類事物中的任何一個(gè)；而 the one代替上文提到的某個(gè)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示特指。(2)ones 代替上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表泛指，一般指同類事物中的一些；而 the ones指代上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示特指。 (3)that 用來代替上文提到的名詞，可以是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，表示特指。如

8、果代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，可以與 the one互換。(4)those是 that的復(fù)數(shù)形式，代替上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示特指，可與 the ones 互換。(5)it代替前面的同一事物或同一個(gè)人。I want to buy a house, one with a large garden.我想買一座房子，一座帶有大花園的房子。The little boy doesn't like this apple; he wants the red one.小男孩不喜歡這個(gè)蘋果，他想要那個(gè)紅的。I bought some new chairs. The old ones should be

9、 thrown away. 我買了新椅子，那些舊的也該扔了。The bike is cheaper than that made in our factory.這自行車比我們廠生產(chǎn)的要便宜。(thatthe one)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中國(guó)的人口比日本的多。(that 不用 the one 代替)The cars made here are better than those made in my hometown. 這里生產(chǎn)的小汽車比我家鄉(xiāng)生產(chǎn)的好。Who is the person that shook

10、hands with the foreigners? 那個(gè)和外賓握手的人是誰(shuí)？It is our headmaster. 他是我們的校長(zhǎng)。 即境活用1(1)(2008濟(jì)南模擬)The language used in advertisement differs from _ used in ordinary reading.AWhich       Bwhat Cthat           Dit答案：C解析：代替前面的 t

11、he language應(yīng)用 that。 (2)(2007陜西)There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow _？No, I'd rather buy _ in the bookstore.Ait; one      Bone; one Cone; it      Dit; it答案：A解析：第一空用 it指代上文中提到的那一本書；第二空用 one相當(dāng)于 a copy，泛指“一本”

12、。2It_seemed strange_that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.這似乎是一件怪事：這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，并且在倫敦去世。It seems/is strange that.“有點(diǎn)奇怪”，that 從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should動(dòng)詞原形”，should 意為“竟然”，表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情感到驚訝。拓展：在 “It is natural/important/necessary/a pity/a shamethat 從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中的謂語(yǔ)

13、動(dòng)詞也用“should動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)；should 在這些句型中表示驚訝、氣憤、惋惜等情感。It was strange that he should have said that!他竟然說那樣的話，真是奇怪！Its a pity that he should fail to grasp the chance when it arose.機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他竟然沒有抓住，真是遺憾。 即境活用2You just think of yourself! You kept me waiting for at least three hours.I am sorry that you _ think

14、 so.Awould      Bcould Cshould      Dmight答案：C解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。答句句意：很抱歉你竟然這么想。should 有“竟然”的意思。B5U31However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 然而，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像是大

15、市場(chǎng)的地方時(shí)，由于太多的客車朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。what looked like. 是賓語(yǔ)從句，做 reached 的賓語(yǔ)。what 在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，表示地點(diǎn)。這時(shí)，同學(xué)們要注意，別把 what 誤用做 where。因?yàn)?where是連接副詞，在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，而 what 是連接代詞，在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。what 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，常含有事情、狀況、言語(yǔ)、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的意味。What surprised me most was his way of speaking. 最讓我吃驚的是他的說話方式。(what 表事情)She is no longer what s

16、he used to be.她不再是以前的樣子了。(what 表狀況)We were all confused by what he said.我們都被他說的話弄迷糊了。(what 表言語(yǔ))He had driven for what seemed three hours.他開車開了似乎三個(gè)小時(shí)了。(what 表時(shí)間)They finally reached what was called “a lonely island”他們終于來到了一個(gè)叫“孤島”的地方。(what 表地點(diǎn)) 即境活用1(1)(2008北京)The companies are working together t

17、o create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.AwhichBthat Cwhat     Dwho答案：C解析：句意：這些公司正在一起努力創(chuàng)造他們所希望的21世紀(jì)最好的交通方式。what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中做主語(yǔ)。 which “哪一個(gè)”，who “誰(shuí)”，that 在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)成分。 (2)(2007浙江)Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's _ the best jo

18、bs are.Awhere  Bwhat Cwhen  Dwhy答案：A解析：句意：為什么不去市中心碰碰運(yùn)氣呢，鮑勃？在那個(gè)地方有最好的工作。where 在此引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中做狀語(yǔ)。2Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累極了，爬上床很快就睡著了。exhausted為形容詞在句中做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他又冷又餓地在風(fēng)雪中過了7天。For a moment she just stood there,

19、unable to believe what had just happened.她在那兒呆呆地站了一會(huì)兒，簡(jiǎn)直不能相信剛才發(fā)生的事。He lay on the bed, awake. 他躺在床上，醒著。The boy lay, relaxed on the sofa. 小男孩放松地躺在沙發(fā)上。Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.新的環(huán)境把我弄得心煩意亂的，由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到受不了。 即境活用2(2008北京)After the long journey, the three

20、of them went back home, _.Ahungry and tiredly Bhungry and tired Chungrily and tiredly Dhungrily and tired答案：B解析：句意：長(zhǎng)途旅游后，他們?nèi)齻€(gè)回到了家，又餓又累。本題考查形容詞做狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨或結(jié)果。2. 形容詞做狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)用2(1)_ at her success, her parents took her to an expensive restaurant to celebrate.ATo delight     BTo be delighted

21、 CDelighted     DDelighting答案：C (2)He lay in bed all night, _.Awake      Bawake Cwaken      Dwoke答案：B (3)After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _.Aexhausting     Bexhausted Cbeing

22、 exhausted    Dhaving exhausted答案：B解析：形容詞exhausted意為“(感到)精疲力竭的”，在此處做狀語(yǔ)，說明主語(yǔ)的特征；exhausting意為“令人精疲力竭的”，常指事物；being exhausted僅能做狀語(yǔ)，表示原因，此處與語(yǔ)境不符。 (4)Why did John ask me about the problem?_， he tried to find a better way to settle it.ANot to be satisfied    BNot satisfie

23、d CNot being satisfied    DDont satisfy答案：B解析：過去分詞做原因狀語(yǔ)，not satisfied相當(dāng)于because he was not satisfied。A項(xiàng)，表目的；C項(xiàng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，此處表狀態(tài)；D項(xiàng)，不符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)。B5U4短語(yǔ)so as to do sth. 以便，為了(做)(引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)，不放于句首)in order to 以便，為了(引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)，可放句首) so.as to 如此以致(引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))in order that 為了，以便(引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句) so that 為了；結(jié)果(引導(dǎo)目的或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

24、)so.that. 如此以至于(引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句) 即學(xué)即練10(1)He ran quickly _/_ catch the last bus.他跑得很快以便趕上末班車。(2)We turned on the light _/_we might see what it was.We turned on the light _ see what it was.我們把燈打開，以便看看它是什么。(3)She is _ angry _ say a word in front of him.她如此生氣以致在他面前說不出一句話。so as to/in order to/so that/in o

25、rder that/so as to/so as to提示：當(dāng)用 so as to, in order to時(shí)，句子前后動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)須一致。否則，用 so that, in order that。1Never_will Zhou Yang(ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周揚(yáng)將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他在一家流行的英語(yǔ)報(bào)社的第一次任務(wù)。Not_only_am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at univ

26、ersity to update my skills.對(duì)攝影我不僅只是感興趣，在大學(xué)里我還專修過業(yè)余攝影課來更新我的技術(shù)。 (1)在以具有否定意義的副詞、連詞及詞組開頭的句子中，要用部分倒裝。(2)這些詞和詞組通常有：rarely, never, scarcely, no sooner, little, few, hardly, seldom, at no time, in no way, on no account, nowhere, nobody, not only等。Never before has our country been as united as it is.現(xiàn)在我

27、們的國(guó)家空前團(tuán)結(jié)。Not only does he know French, but also he is an expert at it.他不僅懂法語(yǔ)，而且很精通。Seldom does he go to the park at weekends.在周末，他很少去公園。 即境活用1_I had a few problems to deal with.AHardly have I arrived when BHardly did I arrive thanCHardly had I arrived when DHardly had I arrived than解析：本題考查hardl

28、y.when句式的倒裝語(yǔ)序。具有否定意義的詞hardly位于句首，句子要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，注意該句式只倒裝主句，when從句不變。答案：C2His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was_to strongly influence his life as journalist. 他與他的新老板胡新的討論對(duì)他的記者生涯會(huì)產(chǎn)生重要影響。be to do在句中表示不可避免將要發(fā)生或命中注定的事情，常譯為“注定會(huì)，一定”。歸納拓展：(1)be to do 句型有三層含義：表示“注定要發(fā)生”預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定表示說話人的意圖、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、命令等情態(tài)意義

29、。(2)be about to do sth. 表“馬上要做某事，某事即將發(fā)生”，通常不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。(3)be going to do sth. 表打算、想法或某種傾向，用于非正式文體。也可用來表示很可能發(fā)生的事或自然現(xiàn)象。The experience was to change her life. 這次經(jīng)歷必會(huì)改變她的一生。No one is to leave the building without the police's permission.沒有警方的允許，沒有一個(gè)人可以離開樓房。We are to finish the work before five this aft

30、ernoon. 我們預(yù)定今天下午五點(diǎn)前完成任務(wù)。The book was not to be found. 那本書根本不可能找到。 即境活用2None of them ever thought their products _ such an important role in the computer market 20 years later.Awere to play     Bplayed Cwould have played    Dhad played解析：考查 be to do 表示“注定會(huì)，一定”。

31、答案：A3Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 你們有沒有過這樣的情況：別人控告你們的記者，說他(她)們的報(bào)道完全失實(shí)？case “情況”，在本句中為先行詞，where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于 in the case。當(dāng)先行詞為 case, point, situation, position等時(shí)，常用 where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Can you think of a situation where this w

32、ord can be used？你能想出能使用這個(gè)單詞的語(yǔ)境嗎？We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我們?cè)谶@種處境下可能會(huì)損失大量金錢。He has reached the point where a change is needed.他到了必須改一改的地步。 即境活用3Today, we'll discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.Awhich  

33、0;   Bas Cwhy      Dwhere解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)先行詞是 case, point, situation 等詞時(shí)，若定語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)，用 where引導(dǎo)該從句。答案：D4So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.因此我們安排這名球員和被認(rèn)為行賄的人一起接受采訪。句中supposed to bribe him是過去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)，修飾the man，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句t

34、he man who was supposed to bribe him。 (1)be supposed to do sth. 意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)做”或“認(rèn)為做是必須的”。如：He is supposed to be here in about an hour.他大約一小時(shí)后到。He was supposed to be a college graduate but he knew nothing of history.按說他是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生，但他對(duì)歷史一點(diǎn)兒也不知道。(2)be supposed to have done sth. 則意為“理應(yīng)做過某事(但可能沒有做)”，這里有虛擬的含義。Ja

35、ck is supposed to have finished his work now.杰克現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)完成工作了。拓展：suppose sb./sth. to be. 認(rèn)為某人/某物是It is supposed thatclause 人們認(rèn)為 be supposed to be. 被認(rèn)為/料想是be supposed to do sth. 被期望，應(yīng)該；獲準(zhǔn)(用于否定句)I suppose so. 我認(rèn)為是這/那樣。I suppose not. 我認(rèn)為不是這/那樣。What do you suppose陳述語(yǔ)序？你認(rèn)為？Suppose/Supposing/Provided/Providi

36、ng (that)是表假設(shè)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中將來的事不用將來時(shí)而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 即境活用4(2008荊州模擬)The train _ arrive at 11：30, but was an hour late.Awas about to     Bwas likely to Cwas supposed to    Dwas certain to解析：由題意“火車應(yīng)該11：30到，但是卻晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)”，表示“應(yīng)該做而未做”選 be supposed to。A將要；B可能；D一定。答案：CB5U51If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if_possible. 如果燙傷的部位在臂部或腿部，如果可能的話就要把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置。if possible 為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，其完整形式為 if it is possible。 If possible, do it by yourself.可