1、【漢譯英】波士頓咨詢公司最近做的一項研究顯示，到2020年中國將會有2.2億家庭收入在2萬到100萬美元的富裕消費者。這些消費者中75%住在 “較小城市”。隨著網(wǎng)絡的發(fā)展，較小城市的消費者的一種必然趨勢是他們更加依賴社交網(wǎng)絡服務上的信息。很多網(wǎng)絡顧客都是通過微信、微博和QQ空間分組的。據(jù)估計今年中國將會有2.5億消費者進行網(wǎng)購，位于四線城市的消費者平均每人會花費他們50%或者更高的工資在網(wǎng)購上，這一數(shù)據(jù)要比一線城市的消費者的花費高?！緟⒖甲g文】A recent study conducted by the Boston Consulting Group says there will be 2

2、20 million affluent consumers, who are from households earning between $ 20,000 to $ 1 million, in China by 2020, and 75 percent of them will live in “smaller” cities. With the development of the Internet, an inevitable trend among these consumers is they are much more dependent on information from

3、social networking services. Many of the websites customers are “grouped” by Wechat, Weibo and QQ Zones. It is now estimated that 250 million Chinese consumers will shop online this year and the average shopper in a fourth-tier city in China will spend 50 percent or more of their income on e-commerce

4、 than those in top-tier cities。中國貿易對于世界上很多國家來說，中國正迅速成為他們最重要的雙邊 (bilateral)貿易伙伴。然而，中國和世界其他國家之間貿易不平衡的 問題已經引發(fā)了關注。尤其是美國對中國的貿易赤字是最大的，達 到了 3150億美元，這個數(shù)字是十年前的三倍還多。貿易糾紛(trade dispute)也越來越多，主要是關于傾銷(dumping)、知識產權和人民 幣的估價?！緟⒖甲g文】 For many countries around the world, China is rapidly becoming their most important

5、 bilateral trade partner. However，there have been concerns over large trade imbalances between China and the rest of the world. The US in particular has the largest trade deficit in the world with China at $315 billion, more than three times what it was a decade ago. There have also been a growing n

6、umber of trade disputes brought against, mainly for dumping, intellectual property and the valuation of the yuan.蒙古族牧民(herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民們喜歡吃牛羊肉和奶制品 (dairyproduct)，喜歡喝紅茶和磚茶(bricktea)。他們大多住在圓形的蒙古包(ger) 里。蒙古包頂上開有天窗，用來通風(ventilation)和采光。蒙古族是一個能騎善射、能歌善舞的民族。每年七、八月舉行的"那達慕"大會(Nadama Fair)，是蒙古族

7、人民一年一度的盛大節(jié)日，大會上有賽馬、摔跤、射箭(archery)比賽和精彩的歌舞表演。參考答案：The Mongolian herdsmen's life style has distinguishing features. The herdsmen like eating red meat and dairy products，and drinking black tea and brick tea. Most of them live in circular gers with windows on the top, used for ventilation and lighti

8、ng. The Mongolians are a group talented in riding and shooting，and singing and dancing. The Nadama Fair, which is held in July and August every year，is the Mongolian people's annual grand festival. There would be horse racing，wrestling，archery race and excellent musical and dance performances on

9、 the festival.景泰藍(Jingtailan)藝術是雕刻、繪畫和塑瓷(porcelainmaking)的獨特融合。據(jù)說景泰藍于元朝時誕生于北京，現(xiàn)存最古老的景泰藍就造于元朝。但是景泰藍在明朝時經歷了巨大的變革。那時，人們認為景泰藍最為復雜。然而，由于熔銅技術 (copper-melting techniques)的偉大發(fā)明，景泰藍于清朝時達到頂峰。用景泰藍能夠制成大件物品，如花瓶、其他器皿和裝飾品，也能制成小物品，如耳環(huán)、手鐲或筷子。新中國成立以來，涌現(xiàn)出了很多新品種的景泰藍，在國內外享有很高的聲譽。參考答案：The art of Jingtailan is a unique co

10、mbination of sculpture, painting and porcelain making. It is said to have originated in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty. The oldest extant piece was made during the Yuan Dynasty, but Jingtailan had a major change during the Ming Dynasty. At that time, Jingtailan was considered to be the most complic

11、ated. However, it reached its peak during the Qing Dynasty because of great innovations in copper-melting techniques. Jingtailan can be made into large objects such as vases and other large utensils and decorative items, as well as small items like earrings, bracelets or chopsticks. Since new China

12、was founded, quite a number of new varieties have been created. It enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.宴會通常在飯店的包間(private rooms)舉行，要么是晚宴，要么是午宴。主賓 (the guest of honor)通常第一個進入房間。在正式的晚宴上，主陪(the main host)和主賓對面坐，主陪背對著門，主賓面對著門?？腿藨摰戎灰龑У剿麄兊奈恢蒙希钡街髻e和主陪都坐下之后，客人才可以坐下。宴會的主菜通常包括涼菜和熱炒，通常還有象征富足蘊意的整

13、條魚，還有湯。上水果則標志著飯局的結束。參考答案：Banquets are usually held in restaurants in private rooms，either for dinner or lunch. The guest of honor typically enters the room first. At a formal dinner the main host and guest are seated facing each other，the host with his back to the door and the guest facing the door.

14、 Guests should wait to be guided to their places and should not sit until the main host and guest have done so. Banquets usually have main course which includes cold dishes, hot stir fries, often with a whole cooked fish which symbolizes abundance, and soup. Serving fruit signals the end of the meal

15、.中國通過了第一部物權法，下令對北京的幾百座四合院進行保護。然而，批評家們指出，所謂“保存”常常只是拆掉老房子，然后依照傳統(tǒng)樣式蓋一座新的來代替。馬巖松曾經說過：“現(xiàn)在的做法就是在假造古董，這不好。胡同吸引了很多旅游者，但這里貧困的老住戶要么就像主題公園里的演員，要么就被踢出去，以便富人們可以購買這些房子。老北京的精神正在消亡。” 重點詞匯： 物權法 property law 四合院 courtyard 拆掉 knock down 代替 replace 假古董 fake antique 胡同 hutong 主題公園 theme park 踢出去 kick out 消亡 die away參考答案

16、：China has passed the first property law, ordering to protect Beijings hundreds of courtyards. But critics say, so-called “conservation” just means knocking down an old building and replacing it with a structure in a traditional style. For this, Ma Yansongs opinion is “The way is just to build fake

17、antiques, it is not nice. These hutongs attract many tourists. The poor, old residents are either like actors in a theme park or they are kicked out so that the rich can buy these houses. The spirits of old Beijing are now dying away.”潑水節(jié)(Water-Spri nk|ing Festi va|)是傣族最隆重的節(jié)日，也可以稱之為傣族的“新年”。潑水節(jié)已有700多

18、年的歷史，一般在每年的4月13日舉行，持續(xù)3至7天。大家用純凈的清水相互潑灑，祈求洗去過去一年的不順，新的一年帶著美好的愿望再次出發(fā)。人們把第三天視為最美好最吉祥的日子。在這天，人們觀看龍舟競賽，跳孔雀舞。活動內容豐富，場面極為熱鬧。除了我國傣族，亞洲其他國家，如泰國，也有慶祝潑水節(jié)的習俗。Water-Sprinkling Festival(Songkran)is the most important festival of the Dai Ethnic People，which can be also called'New Year”of Dai People Songkran ha

19、s over 700 years of historyIts generally held on April 13 each year and lasts about 3-7 daysPeople splash each other with pure water,to wash away the bad luck in the past year,so as to start again with good wishes for the new yearThe third day is taken as the most wonderful and auspicious dayOn this

20、 day，people watch dragon boat races，and perform Peacock dances，with abundant activities of festival happinessIn addition to the Dai people in China，Songkran Festival is also observed by other Asian countries including Thailand隨著人口老齡化增長趨勢的日益顯現(xiàn)，空巢老人中存在的問題也逐漸突出，關愛空巢老人越來越成為人們關注的話題?？粘怖先耸侵改切┖⒆硬辉谏磉?、獨自居住的老年

21、人。他們缺少家人關愛，生活寂寞。因為孩子們長時間不回家，家庭如同空巢一般。這些老人們很容易產生不良情緒。作為子女，即使遠在異地，也應經常通過電話與父母進行感情和思想的交流。With the increasingly apparent trend of aging population，empty-nest elderly become increasing concerns for peopleCaring about lonely elders become topics of increasing concernElders of empty nest refer to those lon

22、ely elders who live by themselves without their children nearbyThey lack in family love and live in lonelinessSince their children are not with them for long，their homes look like empty nestsThese elders are apt to have negative emotionsFor the children of elders，though living far away,its incumbent

23、 for them to keep regular communication with their parents on their feelings and thoughts談起我國的吉祥藝術。不得不提鼻煙壺(Snuff bottIe)。盡管它的歷史不長，卻濃縮了歷史悠久的中國傳統(tǒng)文化；盡管鼻煙是舶來品，但鼻煙壺經過中國能工巧匠的精心打造，很快便成為一個獨立的、嶄新的工藝術美術品種；盡管它很袖珍，但集多種工藝之大成，被廣大收藏愛好者視為珍貴文玩。鼻煙壺所蘊含的吉祥文化，不僅在裝飾中表現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致，而且還表現(xiàn)在材質、造型等方面。Snuff bottle is a must-be-mentio

24、ned item in terms of art of mascot in ChinaDespite its short history,it concentrates the features of traditional Chinese culture with long historySnuff bottle originated from abroad，but it quickly became an independent new work of art with meticulous efforts by Chinese craftsmenIt looks small，but in

25、tegrates the culmination of a variety of techniques，and is deemed by many collectors to be valuable artworkSnuff bottle implies auspicious culture，which is not only vividly displayed in decoration，but also in materials，shapes and so on故宮是世界上規(guī)模最大、保存最完整的帝王宮殿建筑群。它位于北京的中心，是明清兩朝的皇宮。明朝的十四個皇帝和清朝的十個皇帝曾在這里居住

26、，他們統(tǒng)治中國的時間長達491年。故宮始建于明朝永樂四年，歷經15年方才建成，迄今已有570多年的歷史。它占地72萬多平方米，四周有各類宮殿房屋9900余間。故宮的建筑集中地體現(xiàn)了中國古代建筑藝術的精湛水平和民族特色。Forbidden City is the worldS largest and best preserved imperial palace complexIt is located in the center of Beijing，and served as the Palace for the Ming and Qing dynasties emperors of the

27、Ming dynasty and 10 emperors of the Qing dynasty once lived hereThey ruled China for up to 49 1 years in totalConstruction of the Imperial Palace started in the 4th year of Yongle reign of Ming Dynasty,and it took 15 years to finish the constructionIt has been standing there for more than 570 years

28、by nowThe complex covers more than 720，000 square meters，with more than 9900 rooms in the surroundin9Sophisticated art of ancient Chinese architecture and national wisdom is integrated in the buildings of the Imperial Palace對聯(lián)(Chinese couplet)也叫“對子”，由兩句形式相通、內容相連的語句組成。第一部分稱作“上聯(lián)”，貼在右側，第二部分，即“下聯(lián)”則貼在左側。

29、兩行字不僅字數(shù)要一致，而且相同位置上的字必須對仗工整(antithetic in form)，平仄協(xié)調(harmonious in tone)。按用途不同，對聯(lián)可以分為很多種，在新年貼的對聯(lián)也叫“春聯(lián)”，表達了人們的美好祝福與愿望，也為新年增添了節(jié)日氣氛。The Chinese Couplet The Chinese couplet is also called "Duizi" It consists of two sentences which are identical in form and interrelated in meaning The first line

30、 is called "upper couplet", which is put up or hung on the right side, and the other is called "lower couplet", which is placed on the left side Not only are the two lines required to have an equal number of characters, the words stand in the same position in each of the two sent

31、ences must be antithetic in form and harmonious in tone For different purposes, there are different couplets The couplet for the Spring Festival is called "Chunlian", which conveys the blessing and good wishes of the people and enhances the festive atmosphere of the New Year, too每年農歷七月初七是中

32、國的情人節(jié)(ValentineSDay)。關于這個節(jié)日有一個美麗的傳說：王母娘娘(the Queen ofHeaven)最年幼的女兒“織女”愛上了人間的男子“牛郎”，王母反對仙女與凡人相愛，就用銀河(Milky Way)將他們隔開。但牛郎和織女的愛情感動了人間的喜鵲(magpie)，每年七月初七這一天，喜鵲會搭起一座鵲橋讓這對情侶相見。而如今在這一天，年輕的女子常在月下向織女祈禱，期望得到美滿的姻緣。Chinese Valentine's Day The seventh day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar is Chinese

33、Valentine's Day There is a beautiful legend about this festival: Zhi Nu the youngest daughter of the Queen of Heaven, fell in love with Niu Lang, a cowherd on earth Zhi Nu's mother was opposed to the love between a fairy and a human, so she separated the two lovers with the Milky Way However

34、, their love story moved the magpies on earth Those magpies gather together annually on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month to form a "magpie bridge", so that the couple can meet each other once in a year Today, on this day, young girls often pray to Zhi Nü in the moonlight, wi

35、shing for a happy marriage每年農歷的正月十五是元宵節(jié)。早在兩千多年前的西漢時期(the Western Han Dynasty)，元宵節(jié)就已經成為一個具有重要意義的節(jié)日。在這天，人們制作各種漂亮的燈籠、設計有趣的燈謎；同時多種表演，如舞龍燈、舞獅子、踩高蹺(walking on stilts)等也會上演。和其他中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日一樣，元宵節(jié)也有特定的食品，叫“湯圓(gluepudding)”。漢語中，湯圓和“團圓”發(fā)音相似，代表著家庭團圓、和諧和快樂。 The Lantern Festival The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th d

36、ay of the 1st lunar month As early as more than2,000 years ago, in the Western Han Dynasty, it had become a festival with great significance On the Lantern Festival, Chinese people craft many types of beautiful lanterns and create many interesting lantern riddles At the same time, performances such

37、as dragon lantern dance, lion dance and walking on stilts will be staged Just like China's other traditional festivals, the Lantern Festival also has its own special dish- "Tangyuan, a glue pudding" Tangyuan has asimilar pronunciation with "tuanyuan (reunion)" in Chinese, rep

38、resenting reunion, harmony and happiness for the family 中國是一個文化歷史悠久的(timehonoreD國度，也是一個禮儀(ceremony anddecorum)之邦。每當客人來訪，都需要泡茶給客人喝。在給客人奉茶之前，你應該問問他們都喜歡喝什么類型的茶，并采用最合適的茶具奉上。奉茶期間，主人需要仔細留意客人的茶杯里的茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之后就應該加開水，這樣，茶杯就一直都是滿的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。 Chinese Tea Culture China is a country with a ti

39、me-honored civilization and also a land of ceremony and decorum Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make and serve tea to them Before serving tea, you may ask them for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in the most appropriate teacups In the course of s

40、erving tea, the host should take careful note of how much water remains in the guests' cups Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup,boiling water should be added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed; and thus the cup is kept filled and the tea retains the same bouquet中國的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是

41、全世界發(fā)展最快的，2010年，中國大概有4.2億網(wǎng)民，而且人數(shù)還在迅速的增長，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的日漸流行帶來了重大的社會變化，中國的網(wǎng)民往往不同與國外的網(wǎng)民，美國的網(wǎng)民更都多的是受實際需要的驅使，用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為工具發(fā)電子郵件，買賣商品，科學研究，規(guī)劃形成或者付款，中國網(wǎng)民更多都是出于社交的原因使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因而更廣泛的使用論壇、博客，聊天室等。 參考譯文 The Internet community of China is developing in the fastest way in the world.China has about 420 million netizens in 2010,and th

42、e number is still growing rapidly.The growing popularity of Internet has brought significant changes to the society.And Chinese netizens are often different from the netizens in America.American netizens are more motivated by actual needs,using the Internet as a tool to send e-mails, buying and sell

43、ing goods,plan trips or payment.Chinese netizens are more use the Internet for social reasons.Hence,they use QQ and chat-rooms for a wider range.假日經濟的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉向對休閑、舒適和個人發(fā)展的需求。同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經濟中正變得成熟。因此產品結構應做相應調整，來適應社會的發(fā)展。另一方面，服務質量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質量的要求。The ph

44、enomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoples consumption concept is undertaking great changes .According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development .Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoples demand for an improved quality of life. 大熊貓是一種溫順的動物，長著獨特的黑白皮毛。因其數(shù)量極少，大熊貓已被列為瀕危物種。大熊