1、歷年真題（2015-6）試卷一：中國(guó)宴席 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的待客之道要求飯菜豐富多樣，讓客人吃不完。 中國(guó)宴席上典型的菜單包括開(kāi)席的一套涼菜及其后的熱 菜，例如肉類、雞鴨、蔬菜等。大多數(shù)宴席上，全魚(yú)被認(rèn) 為是必不可少的，除非已經(jīng)上過(guò)各式海鮮。如今，中國(guó)人 喜歡把西方特色菜與傳統(tǒng)中式菜肴融于一席，因此牛排上桌 也不少見(jiàn)。沙拉也已流行起來(lái)，盡管傳統(tǒng)上中國(guó)人一般不 吃任何未經(jīng)烹飪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道湯，可以最 先上或最后上桌。甜點(diǎn)和水果通常標(biāo)志宴席的結(jié)束。譯文： 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的待客之道要求飯菜豐富多樣，讓客人吃不宀完。The traditionalChinese hospitalityrequires a

2、 rich variety of foods and dishes, which cannot be totally consumed by the guests.或 The traditional Chinese hospitality requires that the food should be so various that the guests cannot eat up all the dishes. 中國(guó)宴席上典型的菜單包括開(kāi)席的一套涼菜及其后的熱 菜，例如肉類、雞鴨、蔬菜等。The typical menu in Chinese banquet in eludes a set

3、 of cold dishes at the beg inning of the banq uet, and the hot ones that follow, such as meat, chicken, duck, vegetables, etc.或 A typicalChinese banquetmenuin cludes a set of appetizers served at thebeg inning,followed by the hotdishes, such as meat, poultry, vegetables, etc.（找主干、語(yǔ)序調(diào)整） 大多數(shù)宴席上，全魚(yú)被認(rèn)為是

4、必不可少的， 除非已經(jīng)上過(guò)各式海鮮。A wholefishiscon sideredtobeesse ntialinmostbanq uets,uni essvariouskindsofseafood havebee nserved alread y.或 A wholefishis regardedastheesse ntial part in most banq uets, uni ess there have bee n differe ntkinds ofseafood.（被動(dòng)態(tài)、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句I） 如今，中國(guó)人喜歡把西方特色菜與傳統(tǒng)中式菜肴融于一 席，因此牛排上桌也不少見(jiàn)。Today,

5、the Chin ese people like to combine the Western specialties with the traditionalChinese dishes in a banquet,which often gives rise to the appearanee of steak on Chin ese di ning tables.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like to combine the Western specialties with the traditionalChinese dishes in a banq

6、uet,so the steak is very popular on the table.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like to combine the Western specialties with the traditionalChinese dishes in a banquet,so it is very comm on to see steak on the table.或 Nowadays, the Chinese people like tocombine the Western specialties with the traditio

7、nalChinese dishes in a banquet.Therefore, it is not rare to see steak being served as well.（定語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、分句譯法|） 沙拉也已流行起來(lái)，盡管傳統(tǒng)上中國(guó)人一般不吃任何未經(jīng) 烹飪的菜肴。Salad is gaining popularity, although traditi on allytheChin esepeoplegen erally do not eat any food without cook ing.或 Salad has been increasingly popular,

8、althoughtraditi on allytheChin esepeople don ' t eat anything that is not cooked.或 Salad has been increasingly popular, despite the fact that the Chinese people don' t eat any dishes which are not cooked.（找從句主干、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句 I）宴席通常至少有一道湯，可以最先上或最后上桌。In a banq uet, there is usually at leasta cou

9、rse of soup, either as the first or the last dish.In a banq uet, there is usually at leasta course of soup, which can be served either at first or at last.（there be句型、定語(yǔ)從句） 甜點(diǎn)和水果通常標(biāo)志宴席的結(jié)束。Desserts and fruit usually mark/ meanthe end of the feast.或 Usually, when desserts and fruit areserved, the banq

10、 uet will be en ded in a short time.（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、被動(dòng)態(tài)I）試卷二：中國(guó)城市化2011年是中國(guó)城市化（urbanization ）進(jìn)程中的歷史性時(shí) 刻，其城市人口首次超過(guò)農(nóng)村人口。在未來(lái)20年里，預(yù)計(jì)有3.5億農(nóng)村人口將移居城市。如此規(guī)模的城市發(fā)展對(duì) 城市交通來(lái)說(shuō)既是挑戰(zhàn)，也是機(jī)遇。中國(guó)政府一直提倡“以人為本”的發(fā)展理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們以公交而不是私家車出 行。它還號(hào)召建設(shè)“資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境友好型”社會(huì)。有 了這個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)，中國(guó)城市就可以更好地規(guī)劃其發(fā)展，并 把大量投資轉(zhuǎn)向安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟(jì)型交通系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展上。譯文： 2011年是中國(guó)城市化（urbanizatio

11、n ）進(jìn)程中的歷史性 時(shí)刻，其城市人口首次超過(guò)農(nóng)村人口。The year 2011 witnesses the historic momentin the process of urbanizationinChina, whose urban populationsurpassesrural population for the first time.或 The year 2011 is a historicmoment inthe process of urba ni zati on in China as its urba npopulati onexceeds ruralpopulati

12、on for the first time.（定語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句I） 在未來(lái)20年里，預(yù)計(jì)有3.5億農(nóng)村人口將移居城市。In the n ext 20 years, it is estimated that about 350 millionrural populationwill migrate / move to cities.（被動(dòng)句、數(shù)字I） 如此規(guī)模的城市發(fā)展對(duì)城市交通來(lái)說(shuō)既是挑戰(zhàn)，也是 機(jī)遇。Such scale of urba n developme nt bringsboth challenge and opportunitiesforurba n tra nsportat

13、i on.（找主干、語(yǔ)序） 中國(guó)政府一直提倡“以人為本”的發(fā)展理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)人 們以公交而不是私家車出行。The Chin ese gover nment has always bee n advocatingthe “ people -oriented ”developme nt con cept, emphasiz ing that people should travel by buses in stead of by private cars.或 The Chin ese gover nment always advocates the “ people -oriented ” devel

14、opment concept, and emphasizes thepriorityof public vehicles over private cars.（找主干） 它還號(hào)召建設(shè)“資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境友好型”社會(huì)。It also calls for the construction of a resource-sav inganden viro nmen t-frie ndly societ y.或 It also appeals to building a society which isresource-sav inganden viro nmen t-frie ndly.或 At the

15、same time, the construction of aresource-sav inganden viro nmen t-frie ndlysociety is alsowhat the gover nment is appeali ng to.（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、定語(yǔ)從句、前重心I） 有了這個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)，中國(guó)城市就可以更好地規(guī)劃其發(fā) 展，并把大量投資轉(zhuǎn)向安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟(jì)型交通系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 上。With this explicit goal, cities in China can better pla n their developme nt and divert a lot of in v

16、estme ntto thedevelopme ntof safe,clea nandecon omical tran sportati on system.（找主干）試卷三：漢朝漢朝是中國(guó)歷史上最重要的朝代之一。 漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有很多 顯著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞開(kāi)大門(mén)，對(duì)外貿(mào)易興旺。 漢朝開(kāi)拓的絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。各類藝術(shù)一派繁榮，涌現(xiàn)了很多文學(xué)歷史哲學(xué)巨著。 公元100年中國(guó)第一部字典編撰完成，收入9000個(gè)字，提供釋義并列舉不同的寫(xiě)法。其間，科技方面也取得很大進(jìn)步，發(fā)明了紙張、水鐘、日晷(su ndials)以及測(cè)量地震的儀器。 漢朝經(jīng)歷了四百年，但統(tǒng)治 者的腐敗導(dǎo)致了它的滅

17、亡。譯文： 漢朝是中國(guó)歷史上最重要的朝代之一。The Han Dynasty is one of the most significantdynasties in the history ofChina. 或 The Han Dynasty is one of the most importantdynastiesin Chinesehistory.（找主干、語(yǔ)序I）漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有很多顯著的成就。Itatta inedlotsof remarkableachievements during rulers.或 There are a achievements duringthe reign of

18、 the Hanlot of remarkable the reign of the Hanrulers.(there be句型、語(yǔ)序)它最先向其他文化敞開(kāi)大門(mén)，對(duì)外貿(mào)易興旺 The Han Dyn asty is the first in ope ning its door to other cultures, with the foreig n trade prosperous.Being the first to open the door to other cultures, it excelled in its foreig n trade.（with 結(jié)構(gòu)、找主干） 漢朝開(kāi)拓的絲綢

19、之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。The Silk Road exploited in the HanDyn asty lead to Cen tral and West Asia, and eve n to Rome.（找主干、語(yǔ)序） 各類藝術(shù)一派繁榮，涌現(xiàn)了很多文學(xué)歷史哲學(xué)巨著。With various sorts of art flourish ing, there appeared many great works of literature, history and philosoph y.（with 結(jié)構(gòu)、there be 句型） 公元100年中國(guó)第一部字典編撰完成，收入 9000個(gè)字，提

20、供 釋義并列舉不同的寫(xiě)法。The first dictionary in China was compiled in 100 A.D, which not only contains ninethousa ndChin esealso listsoffers variouscharacters,butin terpretati onsandstyles of writi ng.（找主干、定語(yǔ)從句） 其間，科技方面也取得很大進(jìn)步，發(fā)明了紙張、水鐘、日晷(su ndials)以及測(cè)量地震的儀器。Scie nee and tech no logy also made much progress du

21、ri ng this period. Paper, water clock,sun dialsand earthquakedetectors were inven ted.Great progress in scie nee and tech no logy are also achieved duri ng this period as paper, water clock,sun dialsandearthquake detectors were inven ted.(被動(dòng)態(tài)I) 漢朝經(jīng)歷了四百年，但統(tǒng)治者的腐敗導(dǎo)致了它的滅亡。The Han Dynasty lasted for more

22、 than 400 years, but the corrupti on of the rulers ultimately led to its collapse/ doom/dow nfall.歷年真題（2014-12 ）試卷一：文學(xué)藝術(shù) 反應(yīng)在藝術(shù)和文學(xué)中的鄉(xiāng)村生活理想是中國(guó)文明的重要 特征。這在很大程度上歸功于道家對(duì)自然的感情。傳統(tǒng) 中國(guó)畫(huà)有兩個(gè)最受青睞的主題，一是家庭生活的各種幸福場(chǎng) 景，畫(huà)中往往有老人在下棋飲茶，男人在耕耘收割，婦女在 織布縫衣，小孩在戶外玩耍。另一個(gè)則是鄉(xiāng)村生活的種種 樂(lè)趣，畫(huà)有漁夫在湖上打漁，農(nóng)夫在山上砍柴采藥，或是書(shū) 生坐在松樹(shù)下吟詩(shī)作畫(huà)。這兩個(gè)主題可以分別代表

23、儒家和 道家的生活理想。譯文：反應(yīng)在藝術(shù)和文學(xué)中的鄉(xiāng)村生活理想是中國(guó)文明的重要特征。這在很大程度上歸功于道家對(duì)自然的感情。The longing for rural life reflected inChin eseart and literature is animporta nt feature ofChin esecivilizati on,which is, to a largedegree, attributed to Taoist affecti on towards n ature.（語(yǔ)序、合譯法、定語(yǔ)從句I）幸福場(chǎng)景，畫(huà)中往往有老人在下棋飲茶，男人在耕耘收害農(nóng)婦女在織布縫衣，小

24、孩在戶外玩耍。There are two most popular themes in the traditional Chinese painting. One is about various happy scenes of family life, with the elderly drinking tea and play ing chess, men plough ing and harvesting,womenweaving and sewing, orchildrenplaying out of doors.（分譯法、with結(jié)構(gòu)）另一個(gè)則是鄉(xiāng)村生活的種種樂(lè)趣，畫(huà)有漁夫在湖上打漁

25、， 農(nóng)夫在山上砍柴采藥，或是書(shū)生坐在松樹(shù)下吟詩(shī)作畫(huà)。The other theme is about so much fun inrural lifewithfisherme nfishi ng onthelake,farmerscutt ingwoodandcollect ingmedici nalherbs inthemountains,orscholarsvers ingandpain ti ng un der pine trees.（with 結(jié)構(gòu) I）These two themes respectively represent the Confucian and Taoist id

26、eal life states.歷年真題( 2014-6 ) 試卷二：經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展自從 1978 年啟動(dòng)改革以來(lái)，中國(guó)已從計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)為以市 場(chǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)， 經(jīng)歷了經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展。 平均 10% 的 GDP 增 長(zhǎng) 已 使 五 億 多 人 脫 貧 。 聯(lián) 合 國(guó) 的 “ 千 年 (millennium)發(fā)展目標(biāo)”在中國(guó)均已達(dá)到或即將達(dá)到。目 前，中國(guó)的第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)和解決環(huán)境及 社會(huì)不平衡的問(wèn)題。政府已設(shè)定目標(biāo)減少污染，提高能源 效率，改善得到教育和醫(yī)保的機(jī)會(huì)，并擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保障。中 國(guó)現(xiàn)在 7%的經(jīng)濟(jì)年增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)表明政府是在重視生活質(zhì)量而 不是增長(zhǎng)速度。譯文：自從 1978 年啟

27、動(dòng)改革以來(lái)，中國(guó)已從計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)為以市 場(chǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，經(jīng)歷了經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展。Since the reform was launched in 1978, China has transformed from the planned economy into a market-based economy, experiencing rapid economic and socialdevelopme nt.（被動(dòng)態(tài)、專有名詞） 平均10%勺GDP增長(zhǎng)已使五億多人脫貧。10% of the GDP growth per year has brought more tha n five hun

28、 dred milli on people out of povert y. 聯(lián)合國(guó)的“千年（millennium）發(fā)展目標(biāo)”在中國(guó)均已達(dá)到 或即將達(dá)到。The Uni tedNatio ns '“ Mille nn iumDevelopme nt Goals ” has bee n realized or is about to be reached in China.（被動(dòng)態(tài)） 目前，中國(guó)的第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)和解決環(huán) 境及社會(huì)不平衡的問(wèn)題。At prese nt, the 12th Five-Year Pla n ofChina emphasizes the devel

29、opme nt of service in dustry and deali ng with the en viro nmen tal and social imbala nee.（找主干）和醫(yī)保的機(jī)會(huì)，并擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保障。The gover nment has set goals to reduce pollution,enhance energy efficiency,in crease the cha nces for educati on and healthin sura nee,and promote socialsecurit y.（動(dòng)詞的處理）中國(guó)現(xiàn)在 7%的經(jīng)濟(jì)年增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)表明政府是在重視生活質(zhì) 量而不是增長(zhǎng)速度。Now, 7% of the annual econo mic growth target of China shows that the government attaches great importanee to the quality of life rathertha n thegrowth rate.（賓語(yǔ)從句）試卷三：中國(guó)教育中國(guó)將努力確保到 2015年就業(yè)者接受平均過(guò) 13.3年的教 育。China will en deavor to e