1、Designing a consumer products retail chain inventory replenishment policy with the consideration of transportation costs International Journal of Production EconomicsDuring the designing phase of a retail chain, a very important decision appears to fulfil the client service target with the tota

2、l minimum cost as a trade-off between inventory management policies for each shop and delivery policies from the central warehouse. This balance is the basis for key decisions, such as inventory planning, space allocated to the shops, delivery management and customer responsiveness. In this paper, w

3、e (a) analyze and model this problem, including some usual operational constraints at the shop level; (b) apply to a realistic example; and (c) find that, in some instances, total costs can be lowered while increasing customer responsiveness.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Literature review on VRP3

4、. The retail chain inventory management problem 3.1. Demand characteristics3.2. Demand pattern3.3. Client service3.4. Shop inventory policies3.5. Shop operational constraints3.6. Chain inventory holding costs3.7. Chain transportation costs4. The retail chain inventory and transportation problems5. N

5、umerical results6. Conclusions and further researchAcknowledgementsReferencesEnvironmental principles applicable to supply chains design and operation Journal of Cleaner Productionthis paper we deal with the problem of identifying environmental principles for the design and operation of supply

6、chains. The operations that are included in supply chains are briefly described along with the approaches that are applied in order to improve their environmental performance. A background of environmental principles for achieving eco-efficiency and building of environmentally friendly organizationa

7、l systems is presented and emphasis is put on the application of such principles “from cradle to grave”. Then, environmental principles applicable to particular objects of logistics networks planning are identified and commented upon. In addition, selective case studies from the literature, which sh

8、ow the applicability of the formulated principles and their relevance to practice, are discussed. The paper concludes with some remarks regarding the benefits for companies and societies, in general, that occur as a result of the application of the formulated principles.Article Outline1. Introductio

9、n2. The management of materials' flows from an environmental perspective3. Environmental principles applicable to logistics networks planning 3.1. Product design 3.1.1. Design and develop recoverable products, which are technically durable, repeatedly usable, harmlessly recoverable after use and

10、 environmentally compatible in disposal 213.1.2. Produce using minimum energy and materials3.1.3. Secondary raw materials should be given priority in usage3.1.4. Use eco-friendly energy production, reduce water usage and keep control of pollution sources3.1.5. Use standardized parts3.1.6. Provide fo

11、r easy disassembly of the product3.1.7. Reduce by-products and get the best out of them3.2. Packaging 3.2.1. Limit packaging to the necessary size3.2.2. Design packaging for refilling or recycling and use standardized packaging when applicable3.3. Collection and transportation 3.3.1. Formulate a pol

12、icy for the recovery of used products3.3.2. Consider using existing forward supply chain facilities and transportation system as much as possible for the reverse supply chain3.3.3. Classify used products as early in the recovery chain as possible3.3.4. Treat hazardous materials safely3.4. Recycling

13、and disposal 3.4.1. Close the supply loop by recycling effectively and efficiently3.4.2. Reduce the volume and amount of materials going to landfill 5 and consider alternative uses of used products or wastes3.4.3. Support the development of markets for recovered components and materials3.4.4. Locate

14、 recycling facilities close to customer markets 23.5. Greening the internal and external business environment 3.5.1. Impose higher (and greener) standards on suppliers 7 and have a close cooperation with them3.5.2. Indicate the return, reuse and recovery possibilities 21, make available the necessar

15、y information of your products concerning recycling and provide adequate safety instructions 73.5.3. Motivate customers and keep records of where they deliver used products or packages3.5.4. Introduce the eco-objectives to the personnel3.6. Other management issues 3.6.1. Establish flexible manufactu

16、ring and management policies 303.6.2. Use effective accounting systems and management tools3.6.3. Extend service and enhance product function at the usage phase to improve eco-efficiency3.6.4. Establish product update policies4. ConclusionsReferencesA planning and management infrastructure for large

17、, complex, distributed projectsbeyond ERP and SCM  Computers in IndustryEnterprises which are distributed in space and/or which are composed as a temporary joint venture of legally different units recently often called virtual (extended) enterprises. Planning, design and operation (managem

18、ent) goals and requirements of such firms are generally different from those of single, centralized enterprises. The basic feature of an extended (virtual) enterprise is that the co-operating units of it keep their independence during the life-cycle of the co-operationwhat is well regulated by the r

19、ules of the given conglomerate. It has to be acceptedon the other handthat several basic functionalities and goals are the same for all types of distributed, large, complex organizations, which are the targets of our recent study. The evolution of web-based manufacturing design/planning and operatio

20、n system philosophies can be followed through the works presented in this paper. We intend to give software solutions for design, planning and operation (management) of complex, networked organizations represented as nodes of networks. In the first part of the paper, solutions are given to manage co

21、mplex logistics flows of distributed SMEs, giving more sophisticated solutions than the commonly used supply-chain management (SCM) packages available in the market. The second problem we solve is a complex, web-based solution to manage large, expensive, multi-site, multi-company projects using any

22、type of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and flow management solutions. Our goal is to integrate as many available solutions as possible and to make only the appropriate frameworks including decision-support systems where necessary. The first part of the work means the establishment and applicatio

23、n of a web server at each node of the co-operating network, while the second approach uses only one, joint web server and each node communicates with it through the network. These architectures are easy to be integrated if needed, i.e. logistic flows and project management can be solved together.Art

24、icle Outline1. Introduction2. Management of complex logistic flows3. A novel supply network/flow control model4. System software requirements and possibilities 4.1. Software requirements4.2. Software capabilities and components5. Project management issues 5.1. Supporting integrated planning, deploym

25、ent and monitoring of large engineering projects5.2. The main advantages and their measurement for project management 5.2.1. Improved planning and budgeting5.2.2. Improved monitoring, cost and risk assessment5.2.3. Effective contingency management5.2.4. Higher flexibility and efficiency6. System sof

26、tware environment issues7. Some innovative features of the project management system8. The structure and relationships of the system components 8.1. Network architecture and software components 8.1.1. Approach and results8.1.2. Software design and development and deployment8.2. Business cases analys

27、is, implementation and evaluation9. ConclusionsAcknowledgementsReferencesVitaeModelling a rail/road intermodal transportation system  Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation ReviewThis paper deals with the problem of optimally locating rail/road terminals for freight t

28、ransport. A linear 0-1 program is formulated and solved by a heuristic approach. The model is applied to the rail/road transportation system in the Iberian Peninsula. Five planning scenarios are considered. It is shown that modal shares are very sensitive to the cost of rail and to that of track gau

29、ge changes at the Spanish border. Conversely, the location of the terminals has little or no impact on the market shares of the combined traffic, but location changes in the Peninsula generate consequences on the entire European transportation system.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Intermodal termi

30、nals location formulations3. Heuristic procedure4. Application to the Iberian multimodal network 4.1. Studied area4.2. Definition of the inputs4.3. Definition of the scenarios4.4. Modelling results 4.4.1. Reference situation4.4.2. Scenario 1variation of the relative cost of rail transport4.4.3. Scen

31、ario 2variation of the costs of transhipping at terminals4.4.4. Scenario 3variation of the rail border effect4.4.5. Scenario 4location of new terminals4.4.6. Scenario 5optimisation of the location of the existing terminals5. ConclusionAcknowledgementsReferencesRemanufacturing for the automotive afte

32、rmarket-strategic factors: literature review and future research needs  Journal of Cleaner ProductionWhile the concepts of remanufacturing and reverse logistics are gaining popularity in practice, the available literature and theory on strategic decision making in these areas are limited.

33、This paper is designed to address this gap, in particular, for the automotive industry aftermarket. In doing so, the authors reviewed literature pertaining to: customer demand(s), product design and development, cost-benefit analysis of reman, core (i.e., used product) supply management, reman compe

34、tencies and skills, product life cycle strategies, reman and reverse logistics network design, relationships among key stakeholders, environmental considerations, regulations, and impact of emerging economies. The literature findings along with our experience in working with automotive reman product

35、s were used as inputs to guide the formulation of seven major propositions for the strategic factors in decision making within reman. The propositions were then tested through a case study. The case study reconfirmed many of the factors like product life cycle, regulations, etc. from the literature

36、review and also identified new factors like OE customer requirements. Our results provide a foundation for further research for companies that deal with Original Equipment (OE) Sales, Original Equipment Service (OES), as well as Independent Aftermarket (IAM) business in the automotive industry.Artic

37、le Outline1. Introduction2. Literature review of strategic planning factors for aftermarket reman 2.1. Product strategic planning 2.1.1. Global reman market and regulations2.1.2. Intellectual property and non-OE reman competition2.1.3. Reman economics2.1.4. “Green” image and reman market demand2.2.

38、Physical distribution structure 2.2.1. Reverse logistics network2.2.2. Product value and core management2.3. Plant location and production system2.4. Cooperation among reman supply chain stakeholders 2.4.1. Design for reman2.4.2. Organizational structure3. Case study for testing the strategic factor

39、s in reman 3.1. Findings and assessment of case study results 3.1.1. Cooperation among reman stakeholders3.1.2. Plant location and production systems3.1.3. Physical distribution structure3.1.4. Product strategic planning4. Conclusions and future research workReferencesWaste biomass-to-energy supply

40、chain management: A critical synthesis Waste ManagementThe development of renewable energy sources has clearly emerged as a promising policy towards enhancing the fragile global energy system with its limited fossil fuel resources, as well as for reducing the related environmental problems. In

41、this context, waste biomass utilization has emerged as a viable alternative for energy production, encompassing a wide range of potential thermochemical, physicochemical and bio-chemical processes. Two significant bottlenecks that hinder the increased biomass utilization for energy production are th

42、e cost and complexity of its logistics operations. In this manuscript, we present a critical synthesis of the relative state-of-the-art literature as this applies to all stakeholders involved in the design and management of waste biomass supply chains (WBSCs). We begin by presenting the generic syst

43、em components and then the unique characteristics of WBSCs that differentiate them from traditional supply chains. We proceed by discussing state-of-the-art energy conversion technologies along with the resulting classification of all relevant literature. We then recognize the natural hierarchy of t

44、he decision-making process for the design and planning of WBSCs and provide a taxonomy of all research efforts as these are mapped on the relevant strategic, tactical and operational levels of the hierarchy. Our critical synthesis demonstrates that biomass-to-energy production is a rapidly evolving

45、research field focusing mainly on biomass-to-energy production technologies. However, very few studies address the critical supply chain management issues, and the ones that do that, focus mainly on (i) the assessment of the potential biomass and (ii) the allocation of biomass collection sites and e

46、nergy production facilities. Our analysis further allows for the identification of gaps and overlaps in the existing literature, as well as of critical future research areas.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Waste biomass supply chains3. Biomass energy production technologies 3.1. Thermochemical proc

47、esses3.2. Bio-chemical processes4. Hierarchy of decision-making process 4.1. Strategic decision-making 4.1.1. Supply and demand contracts4.1.2. Network configuration 4.1.2.1. Sourcing4.1.2.2. Location of energy production facilities4.1.2.3. Capacity of energy production facilities4.1.2.4. Location o

48、f storage facilities4.1.2.5. Network design4.1.3. Ensuring sustainability4.2. Tactical and operational decision-making 4.2.1. Aggregate production planning 4.2.1.1. Inventory management and control4.2.1.2. Fleet management and vehicle scheduling4.2.2. Selection of collection, storage, and pre-treatm

49、ent processes5. A critical synthesis of research efforts6. Summary and conclusionAcknowledgementsReferencesSensitivity analysis of separable traffic equilibrium equilibria with application to bilevel optimization in network design Transportation Research Part B: MethodologicalWe provide a sensi

50、tivity analysis of separable traffic equilibrium models with travel cost and demand parameters. We establish that while equilibrium link flows may not always be directionally differentiable (even when the link travel costs are strictly increasing), travel demands and link costs are; this improves th

51、e general results of Patriksson Patriksson, M., 2004. Sensitivity analysis of traffic equilibria. Transportation Science 37, 258281. The new results contradict common belief that equilibrium cost and demand sensitivities hinge on that of equilibrium flows. The paper by Tobin and Friesz Tobin, R.L.,

52、Friesz, T.L., 1988. Sensitivity analysis for equilibrium network flow. Transportation Science 22, 242250 brought the classic non-linear programming subject of sensitivity analysis to transportation science. Theirs is still the most widely used device by which “gradients” of traffic equilibrium solut

53、ions are calculated, for use in bilevel transportation planning applications such as network design, origindestination (OD) matrix estimation and problems where link tolls are imposed on the users in order to reach a traffic management objective. However, it is not widely understood that the regular

54、ity conditions proposed by them are stronger than necessary. Also, users of their method sometimes misunderstand its limitations and are not aware of the computational advantages offered by more recent methods. In fact, a more often applicable formula was proposed already by Qiu and Magnanti Qiu, Y.

55、, Magnanti, T.L., 1989. Sensitivity analysis for variational inequalities defined on polyhedral sets. Mathematics of Operations Research 14, 410432, and Bell and Iida Bell, M.G.H., Iida, Y., 1997. Transportation Network Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK describe one of the cases in pra

56、ctice in which the formula by Tobin and Friesz would not be able to generate sensitivity information, because one of their regularity conditions fails to hold. This paper provides an overview of this formula, and illustrates by means of examples that there are several cases where it is not applicabl

57、e. Our findings are illustrated with small numerical examples, as are our own analysis. The findings of this paper are hoped to motivate replacing the previous approach with the more often applicable one, not only because of this fact but equally importantly because it is intuitive and also can be m

58、uch more efficiently utilized: the sensitivity problem that provides the directional derivative is a linearized traffic equilibrium problem, and the sensitivity information can be generated efficiently by only slightly modifying a state-of-the-art traffic equilibrium solver. This is essential for bringing the use of sensitivity analysis in transportation planning beyond the solution of only toy problems. We finally utilize a new sensitivity solver in the preliminary testing of a simple heuristic for bilevel